Misplaced Pages

#81918

50-763: Typical of other ranges in the Basin and Range Province , the Snake Range runs in a north–south direction, for approximately 60 miles (97 km). To the west are Spring Valley and the Schell Creek Range , and to the east across the Utah border are Snake Valley and the Confusion Range . Sacramento Pass (7,154 feet [2,181 m]) is where U.S. Route 6 - 50 , the "Loneliest Highway in America", crosses

100-534: A border with the United States are considered as northern Mexico, i.e. Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sonora and Tamaulipas. Others also include Durango , Sinaloa and Baja California Sur . Other people consider that the north starts above the Tropic of Cancer , but this description would include some parts of Zacatecas and San Luis Potosí that are not considered northern states. It

150-522: A configuration which has given rise to increased shearing along the continental margin . The tectonic activity responsible for the extension in the Basin and Range is a complex and controversial issue among the geoscience community. The most accepted hypothesis suggests that crustal shearing associated with the San Andreas Fault caused spontaneous extensional faulting similar to that seen in

200-418: A deep canyon into the range. The mouth of this canyon lies below 3,000-foot (910 m) cliffs, 6,000 feet (1,800 m) below and 6 miles (9.7 km) away from the summit of Mt. Moriah. The North Snake Range is an important geologic feature, containing some of the world's best examples of metamorphic rock and extensional deformation. The range has been designated as only the first 100 geoheritage sites by

250-594: A group of related geologic features formed by crustal extension during the Cenozoic era (66.0 million years ago to present). The study of metamorphic core complexes has provided valuable insight into the extensional processes driving Basin and Range formation. Prior to the Eocene Epoch (55.8 ±0.2 to 33.9 ±0.1 Ma) the convergence rate of the Farallon and North American plates was fast, the angle of subduction

300-636: Is basketball , played at the professional level throughout the entire year between the National Basketball League , founded in 2000, and the Pacific Coast Circuit , which exclusively involves teams based in Northwestern Mexico. The Liga de Básquetbol Estatal de Chihuahua is a minor league played primarily by local teams in the border state of Chihuahua. Remarkably, Chihuahua-born Eduardo Nájera became

350-410: Is a vast physiographic region covering much of the inland Western United States and northwestern Mexico . It is defined by unique basin and range topography , characterized by abrupt changes in elevation, alternating between narrow faulted mountain chains and flat arid valleys or basins. The physiography of the province is the result of tectonic extension that began around 17 million years ago in

400-522: Is an informal term for the northern cultural and geographical area in Mexico . Depending on the source, it contains some or all of the states of Baja California , Baja California Sur , Chihuahua , Coahuila , Durango , Nuevo León , Sinaloa , Sonora and Tamaulipas . There is no specific border that separates the northern states from the southern states in Mexico. For some authors, only states that have

450-474: Is an unusual formation, a flat plateau of sub- alpine tundra called "The Table", covering about 2 square miles (5.2 km) at an elevation of 11,000 feet (3,400 m). A grove of ancient Great Basin Bristlecone Pines grows on this plateau near the peak. North of "The Table" is another unusual geologic feature. Deadman Creek and Smith Creek, draining eastward into Snake Valley, combine to carve

500-417: Is mostly arid and sparsely populated, although there are several major metropolitan areas, such as Reno , Las Vegas , Salt Lake City , Phoenix , Tucson , El Paso — Ciudad Juárez , Mexicali , and Hermosillo . It is generally accepted that basin and range topography is the result of extension and thinning of the lithosphere , which is composed of crust and upper mantle . Extensional environments like

550-599: Is not known exactly when the first settlers came to Northern Mexico. The harsh climate in the region limited the practice of agriculture, so ancient cultures developed a nomadic lifestyle dedicated to hunting and gathering. One of the most important native cultures at northern Mexico are the Tepehuanes in Durango, who are actually named the Odamis , meaning "people from the mountains". Something similar has happened with

SECTION 10

#1732765387082

600-477: Is therefore thought to be unrelated to the kind of extension produced by mantle upwelling which may cause narrow rift zones, such as those of the Afar triple junction . Geologic processes that elevate heat flow are varied, however some researchers suggest that heat generated at a subduction zone is transferred to the overriding plate as subduction proceeds. Fluids along fault zones then transfer heat vertically through

650-533: Is to reunite family and friends on weekends to prepare barbecue , named Carne Asada by the Mexicans. A variation of this tradition is to prepare discada , a mixture of grilled meats cooked on an agricultural plow disk harrow. Association football , or soccer, is one of the region's most popular sports, as it hosts five out of the eighteen teams that currently play in the Liga MX , the country's top division of

700-732: The Basin and Range National Monument , located in Southern Nevada, which is one small part of the much larger province. The Basin and Range Province includes much of western North America . In the United States, it is bordered on the west by the eastern fault scarp of the Sierra Nevada and spans over 500 miles (800 km) to its eastern border marked by the Wasatch Fault , the Colorado Plateau and

750-640: The International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS). Instead of normal faulting creating basins and ranges, like is seen throughout most of the Great Basin, the North Snake Range metamorphic core complex has undergone ductile deformation so that the metamorphic rocks have been stretched resulting in rocks that are 10% of their original thickness, stretching like taffy. Basin and Range Province The Basin and Range Province

800-699: The Raramuris in Chihuahua; Raramuri means "people who run", but they are known as Tarahumaras. Other important cultures are Mayos in Sinaloa and Sonora, and Yaquis in Sonora, and Laguneros in Coahuila . In Nuevo León, many nomads were exterminated for resisting the construction of Monterrey . The first city of the region was Durango , founded in 1563 by Francisco de Ibarra , a Basque explorer. During

850-683: The Rio Grande Rift . The province extends north to the Columbia Plateau and south as far as the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt in Mexico , though the southern boundaries of the Basin and Range are debated. In Mexico, the Basin and Range Province is dominated by and largely synonymous with the Mexican Plateau . Evidence suggests that the less-recognized southern portion of the province is bounded on

900-578: The domestic football league system . Major cities are home to these teams such as Monterrey and Tigres UANL , both based in Monterrey, Santos Laguna in Torreón, Tijuana in the border city of the same name and Juárez based on the homonymous border city of Juárez. Notably, Northern teams have dominated the Liga MX in the 2010s, winning a combined total of nine titles and reaching more than half of

950-414: The 21st century, such as Yaquis de Obregón and Naranjeros de Hermosillo , based in the state of Sonora, Venados de Mazatlán and Tomateros de Culiacán , both based in the state of Sinaloa. Moreover, there are several minor state-wide baseball leagues in the region such as Liga Estatal de Béisbol de Chihuahua , Liga Mayor de Béisbol de La Laguna and Liga Norte de México . Another popular sport

1000-427: The Basin and Range are characterized by listric normal faulting , or faults that level out with depth. Opposing normal faults link at depth producing a horst and graben geometry, where horst refers to the upthrown fault block and graben to the down dropped fault block. The average crustal thickness of the Basin and Range Province is approximately 30–35 km and is comparable to extended continental crust around

1050-554: The Basin and Range province are controversial, and several competing hypotheses attempt to explain them. Key events preceding Basin and Range extension in the western United States include a long period of compression due to the subduction of the Farallon plate under the west coast of the North American continental plate which stimulated the thickening of the crust. Most of the pertinent tectonic plate movement associated with

SECTION 20

#1732765387082

1100-568: The Early Miocene with the southern portion of the province representing a greater degree of displacement than the north. Evidence exists to suggest that extension initially began in the southern Basin and Range and propagated north over time. Clarence Dutton famously compared the many narrow parallel mountain ranges that distinguish the unique topography of the Basin and Range to an "army of caterpillars crawling northward." The tectonic mechanisms responsible for lithospheric extension in

1150-427: The Great Basin. However, plate movement alone does not account for the high elevation of the Basin and Range region. The western United States is a region of high heat flow which lowers the density of the lithosphere and stimulates isostatic uplift as a consequence. Lithospheric regions characterized by elevated heat flow are weak and extensional deformation can occur over a broad region. Basin and Range extension

1200-614: The Pacific-Farallon Ridge was subducted beneath North America ending subduction along this part of the Pacific margin; however, the Farallon plate continued to subduct into the mantle . The movement at this boundary divided the Pacific-Farallon Ridge and spawned the San Andreas transform fault , generating an oblique strike-slip component. Today, the Pacific plate moves north-westward relative to North America,

1250-529: The Strategic Communication Cabinet, a statistical consulting services company, published a report called "Social Intolerance In Mexico", in which polls that covered several social issues were conducted in the 45 largest cities and municipalities of the country. Aside from liberal Mexico City , the federal capital, the study found the strongest support for same-sex marriage in northern cities such as Tijuana and La Paz ; whereas it

1300-625: The colonial era, Durango, Chihuahua and some parts of Sinaloa and Coahuila were a Basque colony named the Nueva Vizcaya . Now, most Duranguenses are Basque descendants. Other important cities like Monterrey were founded almost 50 years later. Northern Mexican culture is very different from the culture in south and central Mexico. Northern Mexican opinion tends to be more conservative on average on cultural topics like abortion , gay marriage and legalization of marijuana , but more liberal on topics like business or technology. In early 2014,

1350-697: The country. For a long time, November 20; the anniversary of the Mexican Revolution ; was considered the National Day in northern states. This has been changed by some politics implanted by the SEP making obligatory the celebrations of the September 16 ( The Independence Day of Mexico ) and the Día de los Muertos , which are days that originally weren't celebrated in the region. Other important days in

1400-416: The crust. This model has led to increasing interest in geothermal systems in the Basin and Range, and requires consideration of the continued influence of the fully subducted Farallon plate in the extension responsible for the Basin and Range Province. In some localities in the Basin and Range, metamorphic basement is visible at the surface. Some of these are metamorphic core complexes (MCC), an idea that

1450-478: The cuisine from the north. Northern Mexican gastronomy is based on beef, goat and pig meat and flour tortillas, which are remnants of Jewish and Lebanese heritage . Because of the German influence cheese and dairy products are also important in the cuisine of the region. Nachos , quesadillas and burritos are probably the three most famous dishes from the north. One of the most famous customs from northern Mexico

1500-599: The decade's finals. Moreover, Northern teams that play in the Ascenso MX , the second professional level of the domestic football system, Dorados de Sinaloa from Culiacán, Cimarrones de Sonora in Hermosillo, Tampico Madero and Correcaminos UAT , both based in the state of Tamaulipas. Baseball is another popular sport in Northern Mexico, particularly in states such as Sinaloa and Sonora. Seven of

1550-878: The early Miocene epoch. The numerous ranges within the province in the United States are collectively referred to as the "Great Basin Ranges", although many are not actually in the Great Basin . Major ranges include the Snake Range , the Panamint Range , the White Mountains , and the Sandia Mountains . The highest point fully within the province is White Mountain Peak in California , while

Snake Range - Misplaced Pages Continue

1600-706: The east by the Laramide Thrust Front of the Sierra Madre Oriental and on the west by the Gulf of California and Baja Peninsula with notably less faulting apparent in the Sierra Madre Occidental in the center of the southernmost Basin and Range Province. Common geographic features include numerous endorheic basins , ephemeral lakes, plateaus, and bolson valleys alternating with mountains (as described below). The area

1650-664: The independent Mexican Pacific League ( Liga Mexicana del Pacífico or LMP) is based in the North, with most of its eight teams playing in Northwestern Mexico. The league is considered competitive, as the winter schedule coincides with the Major League Baseball offseason and MLB players can participate. Since the 1970s, the winner of the Mexican Pacific League has competed in the prestigious Caribbean Series , won nine times by Mexican teams, primarily in

1700-558: The largest and most prominent. However, another important difference between the North and South-Central Spanish is that Northern Mexico Spanish has not received as much Native American influence as Central and South Mexico Spanish, this is because Northern Mexico has the lowest concentration of Indigenous communities of all regions in the country and there is not a single Indigenous language that surpasses 100,000 speakers. Curiously, in Spanish dubs from English language films or TV series, it

1750-583: The lowest point is the Badwater Basin in Death Valley at −282 feet (−86 m). The province's climate is arid, with numerous ecoregions . Most North American deserts are located within it. The Basin and Range Province should not be confused with the Great Basin , a region defined by its unique hydrological characteristics (internal drainage) that overlaps much of the greater Basin and Range physiographic region. Nor should it be confused with

1800-633: The most popular sports in the country and Northern Mexico has long been a source of world-famous boxers such as Julio César Chávez , his son Julio, Jr. , Jorge Arce and Jorge Paez . Northern Mexican Spanish distinguishes itself from other varieties of Spanish spoken in the country for its strong intonation. Due to its proximity to the United States, it receives a great deal of influence from English. For example, English words such as troca (truck), lonche (lunch) and bai (bye) are of common usage. In addition to Spanish, there are also many Indigenous languages, with Tepehuan , Mayo , and Tarahumara being among

1850-631: The natural rock Lexington Arch (83 feet (25 m) span), and the Lehman Caves , both formed from the range's limestone . Several large groves of ancient Great Basin Bristlecone Pine ( Pinus longaeva ) trees thrive in the Great Basin montane forests of the range's higher elevations. The higher elevations of the Snake Range in the northern section are protected by the Mount Moriah Wilderness Area , and in

1900-735: The north are July 8, the foundation of Durango (the first city founded in the North) and the carnaval of Mazatlán, celebrated 6 days before Ash Wednesday . Because of the American influence in the region, northern Mexican people also celebrate some American traditions like Halloween , Thanksgiving and Saint Patrick's Day . As well as the Spanish and the Indigenous people, Northern Mexico has received Lebanese , Jewish , Portuguese , Chinese , Irish , German , Italian and Spanish immigrants. All this mixture of cultures has strongly influenced

1950-552: The only state to have more than one team in the league, and one of only three states or provinces to have three teams in Triple-A baseball (the others being Texas and New York ). Sultanes de Monterrey has been the most successful Northern team in the Mexican League, winning ten championships (the third most of any team), but Tecolotes, Saraperos, and Algodoneros all have multiple titles to their names. In winter-league play,

2000-595: The province occurred in the Neogene period (23.03-2.58 million years ago) and continues to the present. By the Early Miocene sub-epoch (23.03-15.97 million years ago), much of the Farallon plate had been consumed, and the seafloor spreading ridge that separated the Farallon plate from the Pacific plate ( Pacific-Farallon Ridge ) approached North America. In the Middle Miocene (15.97-11.63 million years ago),

2050-407: The range begins to drop, reaching 7,154 feet (2,181 m) at Sacramento Pass, just 11 miles (18 km) to the north. Sacramento Pass is where the more remote northern section of the range begins. In just 12 miles (19 km) the North Snake Range rises past Silver Creek Canyon and Hendrys Creek Canyon to the summit of photogenic Mt. Moriah (12,067 feet [3,678 m]). To the north of this peak

Snake Range - Misplaced Pages Continue

2100-578: The range. It is the principal means of eastbound access to this part of eastern Nevada. Great Basin National Park is located in the southern section of the Snake Range. Established in 1986, it protects the unique geologic and habitat features of the mountain range and Great Basin Desert , and their representations of the Central Basin and Range ecoregion . The southern section also includes

2150-488: The second Mexican to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA), after Sinaloa-born Horacio Llamas . As for American football , National Football League (NFL) following is popular in several northern cities, particularly amongst the middle and upper classes. Notably, Torreón-born kicker Raúl Allegre played for several NFL teams throughout his career in the 1980s. Boxing is one of

2200-599: The sixteen teams of the Triple-A Mexican League , the country's oldest running professional league, are based in the North: Sultanes de Monterrey , Saraperos de Saltillo , Acereros de Monclova , Algodoneros de Unión Laguna , Generales de Durango , Tecolotes de los Dos Laredos and Toros de Tijuana . Of these, three (Saraperos, Acereros, and Algodoneros) are based in Coahuila, which is thus

2250-760: The southern section by the Highland Ridge Wilderness . The Snake Range includes two groups of peaks. The southern section rises quickly from a point near the border with Lincoln County , reaching the summit of Granite Peak (11,218 feet [3,419 m]) just 10 miles (16 km) to the north. From there northwards the range continues to rise, passing Lincoln Peak (11,597 feet [3,535 m]), Mt. Washington (11,658 feet [3,553 m]), Pyramid Peak (11,926 feet [3,635 m]), Baker Peak (12,298 feet [3,748 m]), and Doso Doyabi (12,775 feet [3,894 m]). It finally reaches its apex at Wheeler Peak (13,063 feet [3,982 m]). North of Wheeler Peak

2300-424: The world. The crust in conjunction with the upper mantle comprises the lithosphere . The base of the lithosphere beneath the Basin and Range is estimated to be about 60–70 km. Opinions vary regarding the total extension of the region; however, the median estimate is about 100% total lateral extension. Total lateral displacement in the Basin and Range varies from 60 to 300 km since the onset of extension in

2350-523: Was completely consumed and volcanic activity ceased, in part. Olivine basalt from the oceanic ridge erupted around 17 Ma and extension began. In addition to small amounts of Nevada petroleum , the Basin and Range Province supplies nearly all the copper and most of the gold , silver , and barite mined in the United States. Northern Mexico Northern Mexico ( Spanish : el Norte de México IPA: [el ˈnoɾte ðe ˈmexiko] ), commonly referred as El Norte ,

2400-455: Was first developed based on studies in this province. A metamorphic core complex occurs when lower crust is brought to the surface as a result of extension. MCCs in the Basin and Range were not interpreted as being related to crustal extension until after the 1960s. Since then, similar deformational patterns have been identified in MCCs in the Basin and Range and has led geologists to examine them as

2450-459: Was shallow, and the slab width was huge. During the Eocene the Farallon plate subduction -associated compressive forces of the Laramide , Sevier and Nevada orogenies ended, plate interactions changed from orthogonal compression to oblique strike-slip , and volcanism in the Basin and Range Province flared up ( Mid-Tertiary ignimbrite flare-up ). It is suggested that this plate continued to be underthrust until about 19 Ma, at which time it

2500-447: Was the weakest in Durango , Ciudad Victoria , Chihuahua and Monterrey . As for adoption by same-sex couples , it was more widely accepted in the border cities of Tijuana and Ciudad Juárez , while the least support was found in Chihuahua and Durango. Support for abortion upon request, cannabis legalisation and euthanasia was the weakest in Northern Mexico. Nonetheless, Coahuila became the first state to legalise same-sex marriage in

#81918