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53-484: The airport was named "Twin Cities Airport Ross Field" until mid-April 1993, when it was renamed with its current name; the "Ross Field" label was retained within the facility. Southwest Michigan Regional Airport covers an area of 485 acres (196 ha ) at an elevation of 649 feet (198 m) above mean sea level . It has two asphalt paved runways : 10/28 is 6,005 by 100 feet (1,830 x 30 m); 14/32

106-494: A dicker of gloves consists of ten pairs, but a dicker of horse-shoes consists of twenty shoes. Also a dozen of gloves , parchment , and vellum contains in its kind 12 skins , or 12 pairs of gloves. Also a hundred of wax , sugar , pepper , cumin , almonds & alum , contains 13 stones & a half & each stone contains 8 pounds for a total of 108 pounds in the hundred . And appears as hundred of 100. And each pound of twenty-five shillings . And

159-411: A pound of London. And twelve & a half pounds make a stone of London. And eight pounds of wheat make a gallon . Pound contains twenty shillings. And eight gallons make a bushel of London . Sacks of wool should weigh twenty-eight stones and usually weighs of wheat and weighs a sixth part of a load of lead . Six times twenty stone, make a load of lead, to wit the great load of London , but

212-416: A certain landowner might have been said to own 32,000 acres of land, not 50 square miles of land. The acre is related to the square mile, with 640 acres making up one square mile. One mile is 5280 feet (1760 yards). In western Canada and the western United States, divisions of land area were typically based on the square mile, and fractions thereof. If the square mile is divided into quarters, each quarter has

265-774: A few it continues as a statute measure . These include Antigua and Barbuda, American Samoa , The Bahamas , Belize, the British Virgin Islands , Canada , the Cayman Islands , Dominica , the Falkland Islands , Grenada , Ghana , Guam , the Northern Mariana Islands , Jamaica , Montserrat , Samoa , Saint Lucia , St. Helena , St. Kitts and Nevis , St. Vincent and the Grenadines , Turks and Caicos ,

318-2304: A predicta multiplicacione qe sunt lx. libre constituentes quinque petras. Ita sunt in le Carre viii. xx. xv. petre. secundum vero quosdam alios le Carre consistit ex xii. Weyes & hoc secundum troni ponderacionem. Weya enim tam plumbi quam lane lini sepi casei ponderabunt xiiii. petras. Et duo Weye lane faciunt saccum. Et xii. sacci faciunt le last. Last vero allecis continet decem miliaria. Et quodlibet miliare continet x.c. Et quodlibet c. continet vi. xx. Item last coriorum constat ex viginti dacris & quodlibet dacre constat ex decem coriis. Item dacre Cirotecarum constat ex decem paribus dacre vero ferrorum equorum constat ex viginti ferris. Item duodena cirotecarum pergameni & alute continet in suo genere xii. pelles vel xii. paria cirotecarum. Item centena cere zucarii piperis cumini amigdalarum & alome continet xiii. petras & dimid’ & quelibet petra continet viii. li. summa librarum in centena cviii. libre. Et constat centem ex v. xx. Et quelibet libra ex viginti quinque solidis. Et sciend’ quod quelibet libra de denariis & speciebus utpote in electuariis consistit solummodo ex pondere xx. s. Libra vero omnium aliarum rerum consistit ex viginti quinque solidis. Uncia vero in electuariis consistit ex viginti denariis. Et libra continet xii. uncias. In aliis vero rebus libra continet quindecim uncias. uncia est hinc inde in pondere viginti denariorum. Centena lini & Canabi & linee tele consistit ex cent’ ulnis. Et quelibet Centena consistit ex vi. xx. Centena vero ferri & solidorum constat ex v. xx. Garba asseris constat ex triginta peciis. Duodena ferri ex sex peciis Item seem vitri constat ex xxiiii. petris & quelibet petra constat ex quinque libris. Et ita continet le seem vi. xx. libras. Item binda anguillarum constat ex decem stiks. Et quelibet stik ex viginti quinque anguillis Binda pellium continet xxxii. timbr’ senellio cuniculorum & grisi continet quadraginta pelles. Cheef de fustiano constat ex tresdecim ulnis Caput sindonis ex decem ulnis Le rees allecium continet quindecim glenes. Et quodlibet glene continet viginti quinque capita. Item centene Mulvellorum & durorum piscium constat ex viii. xx. And an ounce weighs twenty pence. And twelve ounces make

371-569: A primary unit for trade in the United Kingdom ceased to be permitted from 1 October 1995, due to the 1994 amendment of the Weights and Measures Act , where it was replaced by the hectare  – though its use as a supplementary unit continues to be permitted indefinitely. This was with the exemption of Land registration , which records the sale and possession of land, in 2010 HM Land Registry ended its exemption. The measure

424-474: A side length of 1 ⁄ 2 mile (880 yards) and is 1 ⁄ 4 square mile in area, or 160 acres. These subunits are typically then again divided into quarters, with each side being 1 ⁄ 4 mile long, and being 1 ⁄ 16 of a square mile in area, or 40 acres. In the United States, farmland was typically divided as such, and the phrase "the back 40" refers to the 40-acre parcel to

477-462: A side. As a unit of measure, an acre has no prescribed shape; any area of 43,560 square feet is an acre. In the international yard and pound agreement of 1959, the United States and five countries of the Commonwealth of Nations defined the international yard to be exactly 0.9144 metre. The US authorities decided that, while the refined definition would apply nationally in all other respects,

530-490: A standard, legally defined definition, such as given in a weights and measures act, this was known as the statute measure . So a land area might be given as 24 acres—statute measure, to clarify that it was the acre defined in statute, rather than a customary acre of a different size, that was being used. Units that had statute-defined measures as well as customary measures were the acre, mile, perch, pole and ton. The level of legal enforcement of statute measures achieved between

583-573: A yard are used (see survey foot and survey yard ), so the exact size of an acre depends upon the yard upon which it is based. The US survey acre is about 4,046.872 square metres; its exact value ( ⁠4046 + 13,525,426 / 15,499,969 ⁠  m ) is based on an inch defined by 1 metre = 39.37 inches exactly, as established by the Mendenhall Order of 1893. Surveyors in the United States use both international and survey feet, and consequently, both varieties of acre. Since

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636-412: Is 3,661 by 100 feet (1,116 x 30 m) For the 12-month period ending December 31, 2021, the airport had 18,250 aircraft operations, an average of 50 per day: 94% general aviation , 5% air taxi , and <1% military . At that time there were 59 aircraft based at this airport: 47 single-engine and 5 multi-engine airplanes as well as 7 jets . The airport is accessible by road from Territorial Road , and

689-547: Is 60 pounds constituting five stones . So there are in the load 175 stones . But according to some others the load consists of 12 Weys and this is according to troni weight, Wey for both lead and wool linen tallow cheese weighs 14 stones . And two Weys of wool make a sack , And 12 sacks make a last . But a last of herrings contains 10 thousand, and each Thousand contains 10 hundred , and each hundred contains 120. A last of leather consists of twenty dicker , and each dicker consists of ten skins . Also

742-418: Is close to Interstate 94 and I-94 Business Loop . The airport is staffed as follows: Originally opened in 1973, the air traffic control tower was abandoned after a 1981 controller strike. It ceased operation and never re-opened. The air traffic control tower was demolished in the fall of 2013. There is currently no commercial airline with scheduled passenger service at the airport. From 1960 to 2000,

795-684: Is derived from the Norman , attested for the first time in a text of Fécamp in 1006 to the meaning of «agrarian measure». Acre dates back to the old Scandinavian akr “cultivated field, ploughed land” which is perpetuated in Icelandic and the Faroese akur “field (wheat)”, Norwegian and Swedish åker , Danish ager “field”, cognate with German Acker , Dutch akker , Latin ager , Sanskrit ajr , and Greek αγρός ( agros ). In English, an obsolete variant spelling

848-415: Is measured in acres. In Sri Lanka , the division of an acre into 160  perches or 4  roods is common. In Pakistan, residential plots are measured in kanal (20 marla = 1  kanal = 605 sq yards) and open/agriculture land measurement is in acres (8 kanal = 1 acre) and muraba (25 acres = 1 muraba = 200 kanal ), jerib , wiswa and gunta . Its use as

901-418: Is not used for land registration . One acre equals 1 ⁄ 640 (0.0015625) square mile, 4,840 square yards, 43,560 square feet, or about 4,047 square metres (0.4047 hectares ) (see below). While all modern variants of the acre contain 4,840 square yards, there are alternative definitions of a yard, so the exact size of an acre depends upon the particular yard on which it is based. Originally, an acre

954-555: Is sometimes abbreviated ac but is usually spelled out as the word "acre". Traditionally, in the Middle Ages , an acre was conceived of as the area of land that could be ploughed by one man using a team of eight oxen in one day. The acre is still a statutory measure in the United States. Both the international acre and the US survey acre are in use, but they differ by only four parts per million (see below). The most common use of

1007-494: Is still used to communicate with the public and informally (non-contract) by the farming and property industries. 1 international acre is equal to the following metric units: 1 United States survey acre is equal to: 1 acre (both variants) is equal to the following customary units: Perhaps the easiest way for US residents to envision an acre is as a rectangle measuring 88 yards by 55 yards ( 1 ⁄ 10 of 880 yards by 1 ⁄ 16 of 880 yards), about 9 ⁄ 10

1060-505: Is to be known that each pound of money & species as in electuaries consists only of pounds of 20 shillings . But pounds for all other things consist of twenty five shillings . An Ounce in electuaries consists of twenty pence and pound contains 12 ounces. But in other things the pounds contains fifteen ounces, the ounce in either case weighs twenty pence . Also hundred of Canvass , and linen cloth consists of one hundred Ells and each hundred consists of 120. But

1113-539: The National Institute of Standards and Technology announced their joint intent to end the "temporary" continuance of the US survey foot, mile, and acre units (as permitted by their 1959 decision, above), with effect from the end of 2022. The Puerto Rican cuerda (0.39 ha; 0.97 acres) is sometimes called the "Spanish acre" in the continental United States. The acre is commonly used in many current and former Commonwealth countries by custom, and in

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1166-521: The US gallon ). Numerous acts of the Saxon kings are known to have been lost. Those that have survived include: 2 Edgar c. 8 (959  x 963): The statute also survives in a few other Old English and Latin copies, some which omit mention of London and describe " the measure held at Winchester", an indication that a standard ell or yard was nominally in use: John Quincy Adams 's 1821 report on

1219-452: The US survey foot (and thus the survey acre) would continue 'until such a time as it becomes desirable and expedient to readjust [it]'. By inference, an "international acre" may be calculated as exactly 4,046.856 422 4 square metres but it does not have a basis in any international agreement. Both the international acre and the US survey acre contain 1 ⁄ 640 of a square mile or 4,840 square yards, but alternative definitions of

1272-518: The United States customary systems. It is traditionally defined as the area of one chain by one furlong (66 by 660 feet ), which is exactly equal to 10 square chains, 1 ⁄ 640 of a square mile, 4,840 square yards, or 43,560 square feet, and approximately 4,047 m , or about 40% of a hectare . Based upon the international yard and pound agreement of 1959 , an acre may be declared as exactly 4,046.8564224 square metres . The acre

1325-663: The hundred of iron and shillings consists of 100. The sheaf of [steel] consists of thirty pieces. The Dozen of iron consists of six pieces. The seam of glass consists of 24 stones , and each stone consists of five pounds. And so contains the seam 120 pounds. Also a bind of eels consists of ten sticks . And each stick of twenty-five eels. A bind of pelts consists of 32 timber of rabbits and squirrels contains forty pelts . A Chef of Fustian consists of thirteen Ells . A Chef of Sindon contains ten Ells . A Hundred of [ Garlike ] consisteth of fifteen Ropes , and every Rope containeth fifteen Heads. Also

1378-574: The Balkans, Norway , and Denmark , where it was equal to about two-thirds acre (2,700 m ). Statutory values for the acre were enacted in England, and subsequently the United Kingdom, by acts of: Historically, the size of farms and landed estates in the United Kingdom was usually expressed in acres (or acres, roods , and perches ), even if the number of acres was so large that it might conveniently have been expressed in square miles. For example,

1431-579: The EC confirmed that the UK would be permitted to continue indefinitely to use imperial units such as pints, miles, pounds and ounces as at present. The Gloucestershire County Council Trading Standards Department confirmed the EU ruling that the previous deadline for ending dual labelling had been abolished. There are still a few cases where imperial units are required to be used and where metric units are not permitted within

1484-756: The Paris arpent used in Quebec before the metric system was adopted is sometimes called "French acre" in English, even though the Paris arpent and the Normandy acre were two very different units of area in ancient France (the Paris arpent became the unit of area of French Canada, whereas the Normandy acre was never used in French Canada). In Germany, the Netherlands, and Eastern Europe

1537-550: The United Kingdom joined the EEC , such specifications were almost all in imperial units. As part of its attempt to harmonise units of measure between the member states of its Internal Market , the European Commission (EC) issued directive 80/181/EEC which set out the units of measure that should be used for what it called "economic, public health, public safety, and administrative" purposes. To comply with this directive,

1590-573: The United Kingdom, the United States and the US Virgin Islands . In the Republic of Ireland , the hectare is legally used under European units of measurement directives ; however, the acre (the same standard statute as used in the UK, not the old Irish acre , which was of a different size) is still widely used, especially in agriculture. In India, residential plots are measured in square feet or square metre, while agricultural land

1643-595: The Weights and Measures Act 1985 extended the scope of Trading Standards responsibilities from just matters related to trade to all aspects of the directive. For example, it was the Trading Standards Office that criticised the use of sub-standard weighing machines in NHS hospitals. To help ease the EC's desired transition from sole use of imperial units to sole use of metric units, the directive permitted

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1696-474: The acre is to measure tracts of land. The acre is used in many established and former Commonwealth of Nations countries by custom. In a few, it continues as a statute measure , although not since 2010 in the UK, and not for decades in Australia , New Zealand , and South Africa . In many places where it is not a statute measure, it is still lawful to "use for trade" if given as supplementary information and

1749-695: The act do not amend the act per se , but regulate particular areas covered by the act. The act is currently enforced by the 200 Trading Standards offices managed by local authorities around the country. Definitions of units of measurements and the technical equipment relating to weights and measures are provided by the National Measurement Office , an agency of the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills . Historically, many units had various customary definitions—by locality or trade, for example. Where these units also had

1802-622: The airport was predominantly serviced by airlines including North Central Airlines , Republic Airlines (1979–1986) , Mississippi Valley Airlines , Air Wisconsin Airlines, Iowa Airways and Mesaba Airlines . Today, the airport is used primarily by general aviation and corporate clients. It was most recently serviced from 1995 to 2000 by Mesaba Airlines , offering five daily flights to the Northwest Airlines hub at Detroit . But despite an intense local marketing campaign (utilizing

1855-778: The back of the farm. Most of the Canadian Prairie Provinces and the US Midwest are on square-mile grids for surveying purposes. Statute measure Weights and Measures Acts are acts of the British Parliament determining the regulation of weights and measures . It also refers to similar royal and parliamentary acts of the Kingdoms of England and Scotland and the medieval Welsh states . The earliest of these were originally untitled but were given descriptive glosses or titles based upon

1908-497: The difference between the US survey acre and international acre (0.016 square metres, 160 square centimetres or 24.8 square inches), is only about a quarter of the size of an A4 sheet or US letter , it is usually not important which one is being discussed. Areas are seldom measured with sufficient accuracy for the different definitions to be detectable. In October 2019, the US National Geodetic Survey and

1961-486: The farmers (still in the 20th century) made the difference between the grande acre (68 ares, 66 centiares) and the petite acre (56 to 65 ca). The Normandy acre was usually divided in 4 vergées ( roods ) and 160 square perches , like the English acre. The Normandy acre was equal to 1.6 arpents , the unit of area more commonly used in Northern France outside of Normandy. In Canada,

2014-482: The goods being traded was important. The 1985 act, however, had a broader scope, encompassing all aspects covered by the European Economic Community (EEC) European Commission directive 80/181/EEC . As of 25 April 2012, the current primary legislation in the United Kingdom is the 1985 act, which was last amended by statutory instrument in 2011. Statutory instruments made under the authority of

2067-511: The history of English weights and measures notes of this act that "it was never observed". 3 William I c. 7 (1068): 9 Richard I c. 27 (1197): The statutes of uncertain date ( Latin : Statuta temporis incerti ) are generally dated to the mid-to-late 13th century. Per Ordinacionem tocius regni Anglie fuit mensura Domini Regis composita videlicet quod denarius qui vocatur sterlingus rotundus & sine tonsura ponderabit triginta duo grana frumenti in medio Spice. Per Ordinance of

2120-593: The load of the Peak is much less. Also loads of lead consist of thirty fotmals , and each fotmal contains six stones minus two pounds . And each stone consists of twelve pounds , and each pound consists of twenty-five shillings in weight. The sum of the pounds in the fotmal is 70. The sum of the stones in the Load is 175 stones and is proved by six times thirty which is nine score (180) except for each fotmal subract two pounds multiplied as before (x30) which

2173-460: The mid nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries meant that only "statute mile" and "statute ton" needed qualifying beyond then. The statute mile still needed to be differentiated from the nautical mile , but the others, and the term "statute measure" itself, are now only used in a historical context. The Weights and Measures (Metric System) Act 1897 ( 60 & 61 Vict. c. 46) provided that metric units could be used in addition to

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2226-428: The monarch under whose reign they were promulgated. Several omnibus modern acts have the short title " Weights and Measures Act " and are distinguished by the year of their enactment. There have been many laws concerned with weights and measures in the United Kingdom or parts of it over the last 1,000 or so years. The acts may catalogue lawful weights and measures, prescribe the mechanism for inspection and enforcement of

2279-402: The scope of the Weights and Measures Act, such as the pint for the sale of draught beer and cider, and miles and yards for distances on road signage. Milk in returnable containers may be sold by the pint and the troy ounce may be used for the sale of precious metals. In addition, British law specifies which non-metric units may be used with dual labelling (for example the imperial gallon , but not

2332-406: The size of a standard American football field . To be more exact, one acre is 90.75% of a 100-yd-long by 53.33-yd-wide American football field (without the end zone ). The full field, including the end zones, covers about 1.32 acres (0.53 ha). For residents of other countries, the acre might be envisioned as rather more than half of a 1.76 acres (0.71 ha) football pitch . The word acre

2385-699: The slogan You Can Get There From Here ), the proximity of airports in Chicago , Kalamazoo , Grand Rapids , and South Bend siphoned business from BEH and service was discontinued. It is also currently the home of the Wolverine Composite Squadron of the Michigan Wing Civil Air Patrol . Acre The acre ( / ˈ eɪ k ər / AY -kər ) is a unit of land area used in the British imperial and

2438-524: The traditional imperial units for purposes of trade. In practice, the actual choice of units was restricted by price marking orders which listed packaging sizes and pricing structures that might be used in specific circumstances. For example, as of April 2012, wine for consumption on premises may only be sold in 125, 175, and 250 mL glasses while draught beer may only be sold as 1 ⁄ 3 , 1 ⁄ 2 , or 2 ⁄ 3 pint and integer multiples of 1 ⁄ 2 pint . Prior to 1973, when

2491-466: The traditional unit of area was Morgen . Like the acre, the morgen was a unit of ploughland, representing a strip that could be ploughed by one man and an ox or horse in a morning. There were many variants of the morgen , differing between the different German territories, ranging from 1 ⁄ 2 to 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 acres (2,000 to 10,100 m ). It was also used in Old Prussia , in

2544-540: The traditional unit of area was the arpent carré , a measure based on the Roman system of land measurement. The acre was used only in Normandy (and neighbouring places outside its traditional borders), but its value varied greatly across Normandy, ranging from 3,632 to 9,725 square metres, with 8,172 square metres being the most frequent value. But inside the same pays of Normandy, for instance in pays de Caux ,

2597-418: The use of such weights and measures and may set out circumstances under which they may be amended. Modern legislation may, in addition to specific requirements, set out circumstances under which the incumbent minister may amend the legislation by means of statutory instruments . Prior to the Weights and Measures Act 1985, weights and measures acts were only concerned with trade law where the weight or size of

2650-506: The use of what were termed "supplementary indicators"—the continued use of imperial units alongside the metric units catalogued by the directive (dual labelling). The initial intention was to prohibit dual labelling after the end of 1989, with metric units only being allowed after that date. This deadline was later extended: first to the end of 1999, then to the end of 2009. Finally, in 2007, the European Union (EU, as it had become) and

2703-1247: The whole realm of England the measure of the King is composed namely of a penny , which is called a sterling , round & without clipping , weighs thirty-two grains of wheat in the middle of the Ear . Et uncia ponderabit viginti denarios. Et duodecim uncie faciunt libram London. Et duodecim libre & dimid’ faciunt petram London. Et octo libre frumenti faciunt galonem. Libra continet viginti solidos. Et octo galones faciunt bussellum London. Saccus lane debet ponderare viginti & octo petras & solebat ponderare unam summam frumenti & ponderat sextam partem unius carri de plumbo. sexies viginti petre faciunt carrum plumbi scilicet magnum carrum London’ set carrus del Peek est multo minus. Item carrus plumbi constat ex triginta fotmallis & quodlibet fotmal continet sex petras duabus libris minus. Et quelibet petra habet duodecim libras & quelibet libra constat ex viginti quinque solidis in pondere. summa librarum in le fotmal lxx. summa petrarum in le Carre viii. xx. & xv. petre & probetur per sexies triginta que sunt novies viginti set in quolibet fotmal subtrahuntur due libre

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2756-585: Was aker . According to the Act on the Composition of Yards and Perches , dating from around 1300, an acre is "40 perches [ rods ] in length and four in breadth", meaning 220 yards by 22 yards. As detailed in the diagram, an acre was roughly the amount of land tillable by a yoke of oxen in one day. Before the enactment of the metric system , many countries in Europe used their own official acres. In France,

2809-401: Was understood as a strip of land sized at forty perches (660 ft, or 1  furlong ) long and four perches (66 ft) wide; this may have also been understood as an approximation of the amount of land a yoke of oxen could plough in one day (a furlong being "a furrow long"). A square enclosing one acre is approximately 69.57 yards, or 208 feet 9 inches (63.61 metres), on

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