131-649: [REDACTED] Look up southern in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Southern may refer to: Businesses [ edit ] China Southern Airlines , airline based in Guangzhou, China Southern Airways , defunct US airline Southern Air , air cargo transportation company based in Norwalk, Connecticut, US Southern Airways Express , Memphis-based passenger air transportation company, serving eight cities in
262-494: A 17-inch personal TV and fully reclining seat. It also had First Class on Airbus A330s and Boeing 777-300ERs, which featured a seat pitch of 84 inches (210 cm) and converted into a fully flat bed with a personal TV. China Southern Airlines offered Premium First Class on select flights, such as on the Beijing-Guangzhou route. This cabin offered more amenities and was more spacious than Regular First Class, such as
393-552: A 49.8% growth rate in its Hispanic population between 2000 and 2004. The Raleigh-Durham metro area followed in third place with a 46.7% rate of growth. Settlement of the Oklahoma Territory began as a direct result of the Civil War. Southerners escaping Reconstruction , largely populated the southern and eastern regions of the state. The term " Little Dixie " was first used in reference to southeastern Oklahoma during
524-587: A China Southern Airlines Airbus A330 carrying 230 tourists again landed in Taipei. The governments of China and Taiwan had both agreed to allow direct flights across the Taiwan Strait in June, ending six decades of limited air travel between the two sides. Following the flight, China Southern Airlines Chairman and pilot of the flight, Liu Shaoyong, said, "From today onward, regular commercial flights will replace
655-633: A blend of both Southern and Southwestern culture due to rapidly increasing Hispanic population. The larger cities of Texas, such as Austin , Dallas , and Houston —with their burgeoning knowledge-based economies—have attracted migrants from other regions of the United States, particularly the Midwest and West Coast. Combined with the influence of increasing numbers from an African American New Great Migration , and also from Latin America and Asia,
786-463: A brand new step in its cargo development. The aircraft would be delivered from November 2008 to July 2010. On 20 August 2007, China Southern Airlines announced its intention for an order of 25 Boeing 737-700s and 30 Boeing 737-800s , which will be delivered from May 2011 to October 2013. It was a mere two months before, on 23 October 2007, China Southern Airlines announced that it had placed an order for 10 additional Airbus A330-200s . The order has
917-758: A community of Scottish highlanders settled around what is now Fayetteville in North Carolina. Gaelic was spoken in this region into the nineteenth century. People of many nationalities established communities in the American South. Some examples are the German American population of the Edwards Plateau of Texas , whose ancestors arrived in the region in the 1840s. German cultural influence continues to be felt in cities like New Braunfels, Texas near Austin and San Antonio . Much of
1048-430: A competition for the architect firm which would design the facility. The proposed site consists of two parcels of land on opposite sides of a highway leading to Baiyun Airport; both sites are shaped like wings. The site will have a bridge and light rail system that operates above the highway to connect the two parcels, which will each have distinct functions. For instance, the east parcel will house internal functions such as
1179-600: A deal covering the purchase of 50 more A320 narrow bodies for delivery from 2009. The order included 13 A319-100s, 20 A320-200s and 17 A321-200s, reportedly worth $ 3.3 billion at list price. In December 2005, China Southern Airlines along with CASGC, announced an order with Boeing for 9 Boeing 737-700s and 11 Boeing 737-800s. In June 2006, China Southern Airlines confirmed another order of 3 Boeing 737-700s and 7 Boeing 737-800s. The deliveries would continue through 2010. On 18 October 2006, China Southern Airlines placed an order for 6 Boeing 777 freighters, striding forward
1310-684: A fundamental part of camp meetings in frontier regions. In the early decades of the 18th century, the Baptists in the South reduced their challenge to class and race. Rather than pressing for freedom for slaves, they encouraged planters to improve treatment of them, and ultimately used the Bible to justify slavery. In 1845, the Southern Baptist Convention separated from other regions. Baptist and Methodist churches proliferated across
1441-805: A human-scale campus, that's close to nature." The new headquarters was opened in August 2016. China Southern Airlines serves 193 destinations in 35 countries worldwide. It maintains a strong presence in the domestic market with its main hubs at Beijing Daxing International Airport and Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport with secondary hubs at Shanghai Pudong International Airport , Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport , and Ürümqi Diwopu International Airport , along with other focus cities in Changchun , Changsha , Dalian , Shenyang , Shenzhen , Wuhan , and Zhengzhou . The airline plans to continue to develop Chongqing and Ürümqi as hubs as well to exploit
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#17327573256971572-425: A large Catholic presence and annual celebrations of Mardi Gras , which first began in the United States in the city. Northern Alabama was settled by Northern English and Scots Irish settlers who came to the United States. These Appalachian settlers were mostly small farmers—who did not own any slaves and had little voting power due to the rich planters in the South, who controlled the government. Today this region
1703-607: A large migrant presence, residents of urban areas in Virginia tend to consider its culture more Mid-Atlantic than Southern. Virginian culture was spread across the Chesapeake region during colonial times by settlers and strongly influenced the culture of the Lowland South through the transport of slaves. Virginia's coastal areas were heavily plantation based, relying on tobacco production for its economic base. Prior to
1834-635: A listed price of US$ 1.677 billion and the aircraft will be delivered from March 2010 to August 2012. During 2009, China Southern Airlines remodeled its strategy from a point to point hub to a full hub and spoke carrier, which has been proven successful. Along with that, the airline has rapidly expanded its international market share, particularly in Australia, where passenger numbers in 2011 have been 97% greater than in 2010. On 21 January 2010, China Southern Airlines announced an order for an additional 20 A320-200s, scheduled for delivery from 2011, due to
1965-410: A minor American political party that disbanded in 2003 Southern Regional (disambiguation) , various organizations South (disambiguation) Southerly (disambiguation) Southerner (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Southern . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
2096-729: A month, China Southern had started absorbing Zhengzhou -based Zhongyuan Airlines , which at the time operated five Boeing 737s and two Xian Y-7 turboprops. The carrier would later merge with Shenyang -based China Northern Airlines and Urumqi -based Xinjiang Airlines to form China Southern Air Holding Co., a process that took more than two years and would culminate in China Southern's acquisition of their US$ 2 billion's worth of assets (as well as $ 1.8 billion of debt) in November 2004. Consequently, China Southern's fleet expanded from some 140 aircraft to over 210. The takeovers meant that
2227-493: A nation in its own right (i.e. the Republic of Texas ), Texas' modern-day relationship to the rest of the South is often a subject of debate and discussion. It has been described as "a Southern state, certainly, yet not completely in or of the South." The size and cultural distinctiveness of Texas prohibit easy categorization of the entire state into any recognized region. Geographic, economic and cultural diversity among regions of
2358-510: A net income of $ 90 million. The end of the 1990s was a period of consolidation for the Chinese airline industry. Initially, China Southern looked to acquire several smaller non-profitable domestic carriers as it sought to highlight its expansion plans in an effort to raise funds; among the deals was the purchase of 60% shares of Guizhou Airlines. Due to the weakening economy amidst the 1997 Asian financial crisis and intense competition among
2489-820: A non-commercial community radio station based in Melbourne, Australia Heart Sussex , a radio station in Sussex, England, previously known as "Southern FM" Nanfang Daily or Southern Daily , the official Communist Party newspaper based in Guangdong, China Southern Broadcasting Network , Philippine media company Southern Weekly , a newspaper in Guangzhou, China The Southern Illinoisan , known as The Southern , newspaper in Carbondale, Illinois, US Music [ edit ] Southern (band) , an indie rock duo from Belfast, Northern Ireland "Southern",
2620-599: A non-profit, private university college in Malaysia Southern High School (disambiguation) , various schools Sports [ edit ] Southern 500 , a NASCAR car race Southern 500 (1950-2004) , a former NASCAR race Southern Conference , an American Division I college athletic conference Southern League (disambiguation) , various sports leagues See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Search for "southern" or "southerns" on Misplaced Pages. Culture of
2751-592: A significant Jewish population since the colonial period. The first were Sephardic Jews who had been living in London or on the island of Barbados. They were connected to Jewish communities in New England as well. The community figured prominently in the history of South Carolina . Richmond also had a large Sephardic Jewish community before the Revolution and still has a notable Jewish community today. They built
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#17327573256972882-468: A significant minority of people in Northern Kentucky identify with the South. Conversely, southern Ohio and southern Indiana are highly Southern in comparison to most of the Midwest, as is the "Little Egypt" region of southern Illinois . Some sources treat Southern Indiana as essentially the upper tip of Upland South culture, while others maintain that Southern culture, while significant,
3013-452: A song by Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark on the album The Pacific Age People [ edit ] Southern (surname) Schools [ edit ] Southern University (formal name Southern University and A&M College), Baton Rouge, Louisiana Southern University at New Orleans , Louisiana Southern University at Shreveport , Louisiana Southern University College ,
3144-670: A variety of lighting options and a private storage cabinet with a password lock. Business Class also offers a fully flat bed, and an adjustable privacy divider. It includes a USB port and a reading light. It also has a 15-inch TV. Culture of the Southern United States The culture of the Southern United States , Southern culture , or Southern heritage , is a subculture of the United States . From its many cultural influences,
3275-738: Is a group of dialects of the English language spoken throughout the Southern states of the United States, from West Virginia and Kentucky to the Gulf Coast , and from the mid-Atlantic coast to throughout most of Texas and Oklahoma . Southern dialects make up the largest accent group in the United States. Southern American English can be divided into different sub-dialects, with speech differing between regions. African American Vernacular English (AAVE) shares similarities with Southern dialect due to African Americans ' strong historical ties to
3406-586: Is a major airline in China, headquartered in Guangzhou , Guangdong . It is one of the three major airlines in the country, along with Air China and China Eastern Airlines . Established on 1 July 1988 following the restructuring of CAAC Airlines that acquired and merged a number of domestic airlines, the airline became the world's sixth-largest airline measured by passengers carried and Asia's largest airline in fleet size , revenue , and passengers carried. It
3537-407: Is concentrated mainly in the Southern states of Texas and Florida, due to their proximity to Latin America . Part of the South is known as the " Bible Belt ", because of the prevalence there of evangelical Protestantism. South Florida has a large Jewish element that migrated from New York. Immigrants from Southeast Asia and South Asia have brought Buddhism and Hinduism to the region as well. In
3668-698: Is headquartered in the China Southern Air Building at 68 Qixin Road ( 齐心路 ) in Baiyun District , Guangzhou , Guangdong Province . It was previously at 278 Jichang (Airport) Road ( 机场路 ) in Baiyun District. China Southern had plans to open a new headquarters facility on a 988-acre (400 ha) site on the outskirts of Guangzhou, about 4 miles (6.4 km) from Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport . Woods Bagot won
3799-528: Is meant by Crackers ; a name they have got from being great boasters; they are a lawless set of rascals on the frontiers of Virginia, the Carolinas and Georgia, who often change their places of abode." Most European Southerners today are of partial or majority English and Scots-Irish ancestry. In previous censuses, over a third of Southern responders identified as being of English or partly English ancestry with 19,618,370 self-identifying as "English" on
3930-433: Is not dominant in the region. Louisville is viewed as culturally and economically Midwestern in some analyses, because of how it rapidly industrialized during the late 19th century (although not to the same extent as most northern cities), as opposed to the slow industrialization that occurred in the South. Other observers consider Louisville to be southern culturally, due to dialect and various other aspects of culture. It
4061-509: Is often described as both "the Gateway to the South" and "the northernmost Southern city and southernmost Northern city." Unlike the remainder of the state, Louisville, Covington, and Newport received large numbers of German immigrants due to manufacturing interests on the Ohio river, thus making the culture there somewhat distinct from the rest of the state. Had Kentucky been a free-state, prior to
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4192-561: Is similar to Northeastern port city accents because of an influx of German and Irish immigrants similar to those of the Northeast. Many are familiar with the French-based Cajun French that is spoken in the southern half of Louisiana . Other distinct languages include Cajun French (Louisiana) and Isleño Spanish (Louisiana, see also Canarian Spanish ). The US South also contains many indigenous languages from
4323-570: Is still mostly rural, but is developing urban areas, such as cities like Birmingham and Huntsville attracting outsiders for work. With its northern border at the boundary of the Upper South and the Midwest , Kentucky demonstrates multiple cultural influences. A study in the 1990s revealed that 79% of Kentuckians agreed they were living within the south. The study also showed that 84% of Texans and 82% of Virginians believe they live within
4454-458: Is the 9th largest airline by brand market in the world. With its main hubs at Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport and Beijing Daxing International Airport , the airline operates more than 2,000 flights to more than 200 destinations daily and was a member of SkyTeam until 1 January 2019. The airline started a frequent flyer program partnership with American Airlines in March 2019. The logo of
4585-782: The Appalachian mountains by the 18th century. In the 18th century, large groups of Scots lowlanders , Northern English and Ulster-Scots (later called the Scots-Irish ) settled in Appalachia and the Piedmont . Following them were larger numbers of English indentured servants from across the English Midlands and Southern England; they would be the largest group to settle in the Southern Colonies during
4716-576: The Boeing 747-400 , which would have been used to cover anticipated delays as well as to launch trans-Pacific services to the US. Nevertheless, the airline planned to double its fleet of 67 aircraft. In April 1996, the Chinese government would place an order, on China Southern's behalf, for 10 Airbus A320s; the delivery of the first aircraft, and China Southern's first Airbus, was made the following year. Guangzhou Aircraft Maintenance Engineering Company , which
4847-679: The Church of England . When William of Orange rose to power in England, Catholicism was outlawed in Maryland, causing a decrease in the number of practicing Catholics. In the 1840s, the Catholic population rebounded with the mass immigration of Irish due to the Great Famine of Ireland . Maryland also became home to many Polish and Italian immigrants. In general, the inland regions of
4978-560: The SkyTeam Cargo alliance in November 2010 and withdrew on 1 January 2019 following the airline's withdrawal from SkyTeam . China Southern Airlines previously operated the following aircraft: China Southern was the only mainland Chinese airline to operate the Airbus A380. The airline initially operated these aircraft on Beijing–Hong Kong and Beijing–Guangzhou routes. However, these services struggled to be profitable. Due to
5109-512: The colonial period and antebellum era economies made society stratified according to land ownership. This landed gentry made culture in the early Southern United States differ from areas north of the Mason–Dixon line and west of the Appalachians . The upland areas of the South were characterized by yeoman farmers who worked on their small landed property with few or no slaves, while
5240-506: The planter class . The climate of the region is conducive to growing tobacco , cotton , and other crops, and the red clay in many areas was used for the distinctive red-brick architecture of many commercial buildings. The presence and practices of Native Americans , along with the region's landscape, also played a role in shaping Southern culture. Events such as the First Great Awakening (1730s–1750s) would help establish
5371-528: The 1980 census, 1,267,079 Kentuckians out of a total population of 2,554,359 cited that they were of English ancestry, making them 49 percent of the state at that time. While varying degrees of southern cultural influence can be found in Kentucky inside the Cincinnati area and Louisville, smaller cities such as Owensboro , Lexington , Bowling Green , Hopkinsville and Paducah , together with most of
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5502-621: The 1980 census, followed by 12,709,872 identifying as Irish , 11,054,127 as Afro-American , and 10,742,903 as German . It should also be noted that those who did identify themselves of German ancestry were almost exclusively found in the northern border areas of the region which are adjacent to the American Mid-West . Those from the Tidewater area of Virginia and the Tidewater region of North Carolina identified themselves almost exclusively as of English origins, while those from
5633-591: The 20th century. Italian laborers began arriving in eastern Oklahoma in the 1870s. In the 1980 United States census , the largest ancestry group reported in Texas was English , with 3,083,323 Texans who identify as being of English ancestry forming roughly 27% of the population at the time. Their ancestry primarily goes back to the original thirteen colonies and for this reason many of them today simply claim "American" ancestry. Because of its size and unique history, particularly having once been Mexican territory, and later
5764-517: The A380 was deployed on Guangzhou-Los Angeles services. Early A380 operations were unprofitable and the aircraft, underutilised; services to Sydney were thus launched in October 2013. By May 2013, talks with Air China on Beijing-Paris services had ceased. While China Southern, like the other Big Three Chinese carriers, had been expanding rapidly since 2000, much of their activities had been focused on
5895-431: The Airbus A380 from Beijing to Amsterdam . The A380 also operated four domestic flights each day between Beijing and Guangzhou. The airline's A380s were retired by November 2022. China Southern Airlines offers First Class (formerly), Business Class, Premium Economy and Economy Class. China Southern Airlines offered an "Experience Luxurious Skybed" on Boeing 787-8s. It was equipped with personal privacy, in-built massage,
6026-573: The China Southern Airlines Group are (as of the financial year ending December 31): American Airlines invested $ 200 million in China Southern Airlines in March 2017, laying a strong foundation for a long-term relationship between two of the world's largest airlines. After the investment, American Airlines holds a 2.7% equity stake in China Southern Airlines. American Airlines and China Southern are two of
6157-534: The Chinese airline with the largest presence in Australia. China Southern is also considering expanding into the South American markets, as well as further expansion into the African market. On 28 August 2004, China Southern Airlines signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the airline alliance SkyTeam . On 15 November 2007, the airline was officially welcomed as the 11th member of SkyTeam, becoming
6288-490: The Chinese government disclosed the decision to decentralise the CAAC . Formed in 1949, CAAC was an all-encompassing organisation responsible for civil aviation in China as it was tasked with passenger transport, resource development and survey work, air traffic control, aircraft maintenance and personnel training. The decentralisation decision would result in numerous regional airlines, with four main carriers to be responsible for
6419-496: The Civil War, Virginia was the largest slave state population wise and profited greatly from breeding and selling slaves to the Deep South. These slaves were thoroughly integrated into colonial Virginian culture and brought their traditions from Virginia to the Deep South where they blended with Gullah and Creole traditions. Following the Civil War and Reconstruction, Virginia went through the dark period of Jim Crow laws and faced
6550-399: The Civil War, it would have likely drawn more German immigration, as there was usually a relatively small number of slaves in the areas where Germans did settle. As of the 1980s, the only counties in the United States where over half of the population cited " English " as their only ancestry group were all in the hills of eastern Kentucky (and made up virtually every county in this region). In
6681-434: The Deep South and Upper South, such as Arkansas, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Alabama were less attractive to immigrants and have stronger concentrations of Baptists, Methodists, Churches of Christ and other Protestant or non-Catholic fellowships. Eastern and northern Texas are heavily Protestant, while the southern and western parts of the state are predominantly Catholic . The city of Charleston, South Carolina , has had
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#17327573256976812-555: The Hampton Roads region have attracted many internal migrants coming for job opportunities with the federal government, military, and related businesses during and since World War II . Northern Virginia also connects to the emergence and expansion of the Northeast Megalopolis . More expansion resulted from the dot-com bubble around the start of the 21st century. Economically linked to Washington, D.C. and having
6943-642: The Mississippi Basin, and Africatown near Mobile, Alabama, where the last known ship to arrive in the Americas with slaves was abandoned in 1860. There are several other unique linguistic enclaves in the American South. Among them is that of Tangier Island, Virginia, as well as the Outer Banks North Carolina, which some scholars claim preserves a unique English dialect from the colonial period. The New Orleans or "Yat" dialect
7074-629: The Native American Muskogean , Caddoan , Siouan–Catawban , Iroquoian , Algonquian , Yuchi , Chitimacha , Natchez , Tunica , Adai , Timucua , and Atakapa families. The historical record seems to suggest a picture of great linguistic diversity (similar to California) although most languages mentioned were not documented. Several southeastern languages have become extinct and all are endangered . The influence of native languages has led to distinct Indian varieties of English. There continues to be debate about what constitutes
7205-658: The Piedmont areas were a mixture of English, Scotch-Irish , Scottish and Irish origins. South Georgia has a large Irish presence, the ancestors of whom were largely at one time Roman Catholic ; however, many were converted to various Protestant sects due to the lack of a missionary presence of the Catholic Church in the 18th and 19th centuries. The predominance of Irish surnames in South Georgia has been noted by American historians for some time. Meanwhile,
7336-433: The South developed its own unique customs, dialects , arts, literature , cuisine , dance, and music . The combination of its unique history and the fact that many Southerners maintain—and even nurture—an identity separate from the rest of the country has led to it being one of the most studied and written-about regions of the United States. During the 1600s to mid-1800s, the central role of agriculture and slavery during
7467-416: The Southern United States , also known as Southern culture , Southern heritage , or simply Southern , a regional subculture with a unique history and identity Sothern , persons with the surname All pages with titles beginning with Southern All pages with titles containing Southerns All pages with titles containing Southern Southern Comfort (disambiguation) Southern Party ,
7598-556: The Tidewater region, usually attracting common planters, artisans and workers. The wealthiest planters continued to be affiliated with the Episcopal Church . By the beginning of the Civil War, the Baptist and Methodist churches had attracted the most members in the South, and their churches were most numerous in the region. Historically Catholic colonists were primarily those from Spain and France who settled in coastal areas of Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas. Today, there are significant Catholic populations along
7729-487: The US Southern Company , US electricity corporation Southern Music (now Peermusic), US record label Southern Railway (disambiguation) , various railways Southern Records , independent British record label Southern Studios , recording studio in London, England Southern Television , defunct UK television company Southern (Govia Thameslink Railway) , brand used for some train services in Southern England Media [ edit ] 88.3 Southern FM ,
7860-436: The United States' largest ethnic group and simultaneously second largest racial minority, accounting for 14 percent of the total population according to the 2010 census. They accounted for nearly 45% of the Southern population during the Antebellum period through the early 20th century. Despite Jim Crow era outflow to the North and Midwest (see Great Migration ), the majority of the black population has remained concentrated in
7991-441: The agreement, the airline committed to the upgrade of handling services, facilities and training of at least 75% of its staff to SkyTeam's standards. On 15 November 2007, China Southern officially joined SkyTeam, becoming the eleventh carrier to join the grouping and the first mainland Chinese carrier to join an airline alliance. The welcoming ceremony was attended by high-ranking Chinese government and SkyTeam corporate officials and
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#17327573256978122-409: The aircraft operated some 160 flights a day on 100 routes using the Antonov An-24 , Boeing 737 and Boeing 757 , along with helicopters and agricultural aircraft. In December 1992, the airline placed a US$ 800-million order for six Boeing 777s and the associated spare parts and training. The airline completed its decentralisation from CAAC when it gained independence on 10 October 1993. As such,
8253-551: The airline concentrated its international expansion on Australasia. In June 2012, with the inauguration of services from Guangzhou to London-Heathrow , the airline started marketing its services connecting Europe and Australia as the "Canton Route", an alternative to the Kangaroo Route flown by carriers such as Qantas. It hoped to attract the predominantly business traffic that travel between Europe and Australia, and channel such sixth-freedom traffic as well as traffic from mainland China through its Guangzhou hub (thereby transforming
8384-405: The airline consists of a kapok flower (which is also the city flower of Guangzhou) on a blue tail fin. The company slogan is Fly towards your dreams . The parent company of China Southern Airlines Company Limited is China Southern Air Holding Company, a state-owned enterprise that is supervised by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council. In 1984,
8515-463: The airline could from then on restructure itself into shareholding enterprises, independently arrange external financing and establish subsidiaries to complement its core enterprise. During the airline's early years, the carrier was the dominant domestic carrier. Together with the two major airlines of China – Air China and China Eastern – the airline handled half of passenger traffic carried by all Chinese carriers. Owing to Air China's status as
8646-470: The airline deployed the A380s on domestic routes, flying between Guangzhou, Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong. At the same time, the carrier conducted negotiations to commence A380 international services. Due to the government-imposed limitation which confined an international route to a single airline, China Southern in August 2012 announced its intention to initiate Beijing-Paris services in cooperation with Air China, pending government approval. Two months later,
8777-502: The airline's fleet expansion, repayment of debt, and investments in other capital; it followed up with domestic listing in 2003 at the Shanghai Stock Exchange . By 1997, the airline, along with its joint-venture airlines Xiamen Airlines , Shantou Airlines and Guangxi Airlines, was carrying some 15 million passengers per year using about 90 aircraft, operating about 270 routes among 68 destinations and almost 2,450 flights per week. The airline group's revenue totalled some US$ 1.4 billion with
8908-819: The alliance, other analysts states that China Southern joining Oneworld would benefit Cathay more due to different target markets. In March 2019, the airline announced a frequent flyer partnership with American Airlines . Currently, the airline plans for more flexible tie-ups with other carriers, mostly with Oneworld members such as Qatar Airways while not joining the alliance 'for a few years' in order to fulfill its dream as 'world's largest airline'. On 26 September 2019, China Southern operates at Beijing Daxing International Airport alongside its former and current partners, and all of its flights to and from Beijing are transferred to Daxing on 25 October 2020. In November 2022, China Southern scheduled their last Airbus A380 flights prior to their planned retirement. The key trends for
9039-404: The arrival of the long-range Boeing 777s, the first of which was delivered in late December 1995, as well as a general expansion and upgrade of the carrier's fleet and the associated facilities. Due to engine certification and labor relations issues, the delivery of the first Boeing 777 was more than a month behind schedule. As a result, the carrier considered, but ultimately decided against, leasing
9170-399: The basic elements of Southern culture. This debate is influenced partly because the South is such a large region. As a result, there are a number of cultural variations among states in the region. Among the variations found in Southern culture are: Southern Alabama north of Mobile was settled predominately by large plantation owners and slaves moved west from their original settlements on
9301-439: The border between the Mid-Atlantic and Upper South, having distinct Southern characteristics and also ties to the Northeast Megalopolis. These remain the only two large cities in the country in which old fashioned Chesapeake Bay style culture is found with the distinctive Tidewater accent and many historic plantations still prevalent throughout the region. Modern Virginia has seen an ongoing tendency for Northeasterners who move to
9432-496: The carrier became the first (and so far the only) Chinese carrier to commit to the Airbus A380 double-deck aircraft, when it signed a general-terms agreement for five examples worth US$ 1.4 billion at catalogue prices. On the same day, China Southern, along with five other domestic carriers, placed a bulk order for 60 Boeing 7E7s (later renamed the Boeing 787 Dreamliner ). The aircraft were worth $ 7.2 billion at list prices, and
9563-567: The carrier became the main airline at Shenyang and Ürümqi, with passenger numbers' jumping from 28.2 million in 2004 to 44.1 million in 2005. As a result, China Southern Airlines became one of the "Big Three" carriers in the country. Since then, it has successively taken over shareholding stocks and joined the equity in numerous Chinese carriers. The airline is the major shareholder of Xiamen Airlines (55%) and Chongqing Airlines (60%); it also invests in Sichuan Airlines (39%). Amidst
9694-490: The carrier signed agreements with a number of foreign carriers regarding staff training and aircraft maintenance , with the ultimate aim of being listed on the New York Stock Exchange , possibly as soon as early 1995. Starting in the mid-1990s, China Southern sought to expand its international reach beyond Asia. In December 1995, the Chinese and US governments signed an aviation agreement that would allow
9825-532: The carrier's network from one that emphasises point-to-point to a hub-and-spoke system). The carrier by now had added cities such as Auckland , Istanbul , Perth , and Vancouver to its route map. During May–June 2012, China Southern Airlines has recruited Dutch flight attendants to serve the First and Business class sections for flights from Guangzhou to Amsterdam. On 7 June 2013, China Southern Airlines began operating its first Boeing 787. In early 2015 it
9956-516: The characters of the several states. In the North they are cool, sober, laborious, persevering, independent; jealous of their own liberties, and just to those of others; interested, chicaning, superstitious and hypocritical in their religion. In the South they are fiery, voluptuary, indolent, unsteady, independent; zealous for their own liberties, but trampling on those of others; generous, candid, without attachment or pretensions to any religion but that of
10087-525: The coast of the Gulf of Mexico (especially the port cities of New Orleans , Biloxi , Pensacola and Mobile ), which preserve the continuing Catholic traditions of Carnival at the beginning of Lent in Mardi Gras parades and related customs. Elsewhere in the region, Catholics are typically a minority and of mainly Irish, German and French or modern Hispanic ancestry. As of 2013, Catholics comprised 42% of
10218-504: The coastal "low country" around Charleston, South Carolina . Folklorists in the 1920s and later argued that because of the region's isolation, Appalachian language patterns more closely mirrored Elizabethan English than other accents in the United States. While traces of African linguistic features remain in AAVE, there are a few distinctively African dialect groups in the South, the Gullah
10349-471: The coasts of South Carolina and Georgia. These settlers originally had slave plantations in Barbados and sought to expand their plantation based economy. This region is mainly known for its large African American population and historic cultivation of wheat, cotton, and rice. It is the epitome of what is considered the Deep South. Today, this region is the poorest in the state and one of the poorest regions in
10480-571: The colonial period and early 19th century the First Great Awakening and the Second Great Awakening transformed Southern religion. The evangelical religion was spread by religious revivals led by local lay Baptist ministers or itinerant Methodist ministers. They fashioned the nation's "Bible Belt." After the Revolution, the Anglican Church of England was disestablished (meaning it no longer received local tax money) and
10611-536: The colonial period. They were often called " crackers ", a derogatory epithet applied to rural, non-elite whites of south Georgia and north Florida. Before the American Revolution , the term was applied by the English, as a derogatory epithet for the non-elite settlers of the southern backcountry. This usage can be found in a passage from a letter to the Earl of Dartmouth , "I should explain ... what
10742-440: The commencement of non-stop air services between the two countries. After having been granted the right to establish services to Amsterdam in early 1996, the airline started Guangzhou–Beijing–Amsterdam, its first long-haul route, in November 1996. The following year, the carrier commenced non-stop trans-Pacific services to Los Angeles, as well as services to Brisbane . The start of European and American services coincided with
10873-571: The country's flag carrier , the airline is entitled to extensive international service rights, with China Eastern and China Southern's international networks confined to mainly East Asia and within Asia, respectively. Like other Chinese carriers, China Southern was subjected to CAAC's exclusive right to grant operating rights for every prospective route as well as to regulate domestic prices. To raise its operating standards and distance itself from mostly unprofitable second and third tiers domestic airlines,
11004-500: The country. It still remains mostly rural and has seen minimal development. Unlike the rest of southern Alabama, which was settled by British plantation owners, Mobile and the Gulf Coast was settled by Spanish and French settlers much earlier than the rest of the state. Mobile likely has more in common with New Orleans than it does with the rest of the state. Today, Mobile still retains some of its French traditions, such as having
11135-537: The culture, politics, and economy of the South. This included its agricultural practices, the outbreak of the American Civil War , and the imposition of racial segregation . Southern yeoman farmers , subsistence farmers who owned few or no slaves, comprised a large portion of the population during the colonial period and antebellum era , which settled largely in the back country and uplands . Their way of life and culture would differ sharply from that of
11266-451: The data center facilities, staff dormitories, and the training center. The airline wants it to be aesthetically pleasing from the air since it sits below a runway approach. The site will have a lot of outdoor space, which Woods Bagot designed along with Hargreaves Associates and Sherwood Design Engineers. Jean Weng, a Woods Bagot Beijing -based principal, said "Most Chinese cities are very dense and very urban, but China Southern wants to create
11397-607: The delivery of the first example February 2005. China Southern followed up in September 2005 with a further order for eight A330-300s and two A330-200s. The month of January 2005 proved to be significant for civil aviation in China in general and China Southern in particular. In preparation for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China Southern and the Chinese government placed several landmark widebody-aircraft orders from Airbus and Boeing. More specifically, on 28 January 2005,
11528-529: The demand limitation of the airline's home base at Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport , few routes from Guangzhou have the demand to support an A380. In efforts to make its A380s viable, China Southern started operating A380 on its Guangzhou– Los Angeles route and on the Guangzhou– Sydney route. Additionally, China Southern flew A380s to Sydney and Melbourne every summer during its peak travel period. As of 20 June 2015, China Southern began operating
11659-606: The domestic market potential. China Southern offers 485 flights a day from its Guangzhou hub and 221 from its Beijing hub. The airline provides services to 65 international destinations. Most of the international flights link Guangzhou with world cities. There are also plenty of international flights operated through Beijing, Shanghai, Ürümqi (notably to Central Asia and Middle-east) and Dalian (to Japan, South Korea, and Russia). China Southern Airlines has developed an extensive network in Southeast Asia and also has become
11790-468: The domestic market. With the increase in outflow of Chinese tourists, who in 2012 for example spent $ 102 billion internationally, as well as the rapid construction and introduction of high-speed rail in China , the carrier shifted its outlook overseas in order to sustain growth. Owing to the location of its hub at Guangzhou, which hinders the airline effectively serving the North American market,
11921-563: The era of Massive Resistance to school desegregation. However, cities like Richmond and Norfolk have always been much more progressive and urban in culture than many rural areas of the state. They were known early on for having large Free Black, Quaker, and Jewish populations, much industry, and significant immigration from Eastern Europe up until the Civil War, in which Richmond was made the Confederate capital despite voting against secession. Today, Richmond and Norfolk are often considered
12052-529: The falling fuel costs and surging passenger demand. In March 2010, the Chinese carrier issued new shares in Hong Kong and Shanghai 2010 to raise 10.75 billion yuan ($ 1.57 billion) in a bid to pay off outstanding loans. In December, CNY810 million ($ 121.5 million) was injected by China Southern Airlines into its subsidiary Xiamen Airlines to fund its fleet expansion. In November 2010, China Southern Airlines signed an agreement with Airbus for
12183-420: The first mainland Chinese airline to join any global airline alliance, expanding the alliance's presence on mainland China . On 24 December 2018, China Southern Airlines released an official statement saying that it would discontinue its SkyTeam membership on 1 January 2019 and will also terminate its partnership with China Eastern Airlines and Delta Air Lines . China Southern Airlines codeshares with
12314-578: The first example was expected to be delivered in time for the Olympics; however, the first aircraft did not arrive until June 2013. Earlier during the month, the CAAC had approved the temporary operations of charter flights between mainland China and Taiwan. On the same day as the widebody orders, a China Southern Airlines Boeing 777–200 took off from Guangzhou and landed in Taipei the following day, becoming
12445-726: The first mainland Chinese aircraft to land in the Republic of China since 1949, when the Kuomintang were involved in Chinese Civil War with the Chinese Communist Party . The flight carried 242 passengers home after the Lunar New Year . Previously, passengers travelling between the mainland and Taiwan had to transit through a third port such as Hong Kong or Macau . Within three years, in July 2008,
12576-703: The first synagogue in Virginia about 1791. New Orleans also historically (and in the present day) has a significant Jewish community. The South Florida area is home to the nation's second largest concentration of Jewish Americans outside New York, most of them early 20th century migrants and descendants from the Northeast. They were descendants of Ashkenazi Jews from Germany, Russia, Poland and other parts of Eastern Europe. Twentieth-century migration and business development have brought significant Jewish and Muslim communities to most major business and university cities, such as Miami , Atlanta , Dallas , Houston , and more recently, Charlotte. Southern American English
12707-599: The following airlines: As of October 2024 , China Southern Airlines operates the following aircraft: China Southern Cargo is the cargo subsidiary of China Southern Airlines. The cargo airline provides services between mainland China and North America, Europe, and Australia, where destinations such as Amsterdam, Anchorage, Chicago, Frankfurt, Los Angeles, Vancouver, Vienna, and London Stansted are served from its main hub at Shanghai Pudong International Airport , with cargo flights to Amsterdam and Milan from Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport. The cargo subsidiary joined
12838-534: The following year. The airline by now had commenced operations to Sydney and Melbourne . In September 2003, China Southern signed a purchase agreement for four Airbus A330-200s , to be delivered from 2005. This was part of the order placed in April by the China Aviation Supplies Imp. & Exp. Group covering 30 aircraft. China Southern became the first mainland Chinese A330 operator with
12969-563: The growth of Protestantism in the South and United States as a whole. Throughout much of the Southern United States history, the region was heavily rural . Not until during and after World War II did the region start to see larger scale urbanization of its cities and metropolitan areas. This would lead to social and economic transformation of the South in the years since the 1940s. I had even ascribed this to it’s cause, to that warmth of their climate which unnerves and unmans both body and mind. While on this subject I will give you my idea of
13100-550: The heart. In the time of their arrival, the predominant cultural influence on the Southern states was that of the English colonists who established the original English colonies in the region. In the 17th century, most were of South West England and South East England origins, from regions such as Kent , Sussex and the West Country who settled mostly on the coastal regions of the South but pushed as far inland as
13231-595: The historic "Southern culture" has been transformed. However—partly due to its membership in the Confederacy and history as part of the Solid South —and the fact much of the state lies within the Bible Belt —it is usually considered more of a Southern than Western state. Also, linguistic maps of Texas place most of it within the spheres of upper, mid- and Gulf- Southern dialects , helping to further identify
13362-667: The job markets in North Carolina's three largest metropolitan regions—Charlotte, Raleigh-Durham, and the Greensboro – Winston-Salem – High Point Piedmont Triad —have also attracted large and growing Latino and Asian American immigration and migration. A report released by the Brookings Institution in May 2006 entitled Diversity Spreads Out , noted that the Charlotte metro area ranked second nationally with
13493-518: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern&oldid=1246355882 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Educational institution disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages China Southern Airlines China Southern Airlines (branded as China Southern )
13624-454: The lower-lying elevations and Deep South was a society of more plantations worked by African slave labor. Events such as the First Great Awakening (1730s–1750s) would strengthen Protestantism in the South and United States as a whole. Communities would often develop strong attachment to their churches as the primary community institution. Starting in the early 1600s and lasting to the mid-1800s, slavery played an outsized role in shaping
13755-636: The major consolidation of the airline industry, China Southern in April 2000 started dedicated cargo services from Shenzhen using a Boeing 747-200F (which was quickly upgraded to the Boeing 747-400F) wet-leased from Atlas Air . To capitalise on the economic growth of the Pearl River Delta region (which includes Hong Kong), the carrier constructed a dedicated cargo centre in Shenzhen. Successful operations prompted an order for two Boeing 747-400Fs
13886-659: The majority of international and domestic air traffic: Air China , China Southern Airlines, China Eastern Airlines and China Southwest Airlines ; CAAC itself would be rationalised into a regulatory and administrative organisation . In 1988, CAAC granted its seven regional divisions, among which was the Guangzhou Regional Administration, limited operating autonomy with the status of "associate" airlines. China Southern Airlines began flying under its own name and livery in February 1991. At this time,
14017-465: The merger proceeded, their combined fleets would have numbered some 250 aircraft, which would have made the resultant airline the largest in Asia. Although there was considerable resistance to CAAC's call to rationalise the industry, in July 2000, the administrative body announced that the ten airlines under its direct management will be merged into three airline groups, revolving around Air China, China Eastern Airlines and China Southern itself. Within
14148-522: The most famous among them. Gullah is still spoken by some African Americans in the Low Country of South Carolina, Georgia, southeastern North Carolina, and Northeast Florida, particularly the older generation. Also called Geechee in Georgia, the language and a strongly African culture developed because of the people's relative isolation in large communities, and continued importation of slaves from
14279-522: The new state had supported Virginia and the Confederacy during the war but were included for territorial reasons, which resulted in a "Redeemer" government in 1876. Many legacies of its Virginia heritage remain, such as county and local place names. The state constitution is based on the antebellum constitution of Virginia. As recently as 2007 an 1849 Virginia statute was used in a county prosecution. Historic plantation houses are found throughout
14410-675: The population in the New Orleans Metropolitan area based on numbers presented by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New Orleans. Atlanta , in comparison to some other Southern cities, had a relatively small Catholic population prior to the 1990s. Catholics comprised 1.7% of the population in 1960, and 3.1% of the population in 1980. The population has been growing rapidly since then. The number of Catholics grew from 292,300 members in 1998 to 900,000 members in 2010, an increase of 207 percent. The population
14541-541: The population of East Texas, Louisiana, coastal Mississippi and Alabama, and Florida traces its primary ancestry to French and/or Spanish colonists of the 18th century. Also important is the French community of New Orleans dating back to the 1880s. Another primary population group in the South is made up of the African American descendants of enslaved Africans brought into the South. African Americans comprise
14672-418: The purchase of six A330s and 30 A320s–200. On 11 January 2011, China Southern Airlines announced a lease for 10 Embraer E-190, set to be delivered from the second half of 2011. On 27 January 2011, China Southern Airlines was awarded a four-star ranking by Skytrax . It is the largest airline to hold this title. On 17 October 2011, China Southern Airlines made its first flight with the Airbus A380 . Initially,
14803-452: The region. It has been said that Southerners are most easily distinguished from other Americans by their speech, both in terms of accent and idiom. However, there is no single "Southern Accent." Rather, Southern American English is a collection of dialects of the English spoken throughout the South. Southern American English can be divided into different sub-dialects, with speech differing between, for example, that of Appalachian region and
14934-486: The rumbling warplanes over the skies of the Taiwan Strait, and relations between the two sides will become better and better." Following two years of negotiations which had started in August 2004, China Southern in late June 2006 signed an agreement with SkyTeam , one of the three global airline alliances , formally pledging itself to the improvement of standards with the aim of its eventual joining. According to
15065-413: The same parts of Africa. As the enslaved people on large plantations were relatively undisturbed by whites, Gullah developed as a creole language, based on African forms. Similarly the people kept many African forms in religious rituals, foodways and similar transportable culture, all influenced by the new environment in the colonies. Other, less known African American dialect groups are the rural blacks of
15196-607: The second largest number in Wake County (22%). Maryland, which was settled by the British, is historically Catholic as well and many historians believe it was named after the Queen Henrietta Maria by Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron of Baltimore . Maryland was the only Roman Catholic British colony in the Americas, and was considered a refuge for England's Roman Catholic minority which was being persecuted by
15327-571: The some 30 Chinese carriers, in 1998, CAAC considered a comprehensive restructuring of the industry that would see the consolidation of the airlines into three or five carrier groups. At one stage, it was reported that CAAC was contemplating a forced merger of Air China and China Southern. Given the latter's dual listing in Hong Kong and New York, it was thought that such a merger would have eased Air China's path towards its own share offering. China Southern confirmed that such talks between them were occurring, although they ultimately proved fruitless. Had
15458-467: The south. It also showed between 80 and 90% of residents in Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama, Tennessee, Arkansas, Georgia and the Carolinas described themselves as southerners. This is likely because regional identification often varies dramatically within Kentucky. For example, many consider Northern Kentucky to be the most Midwestern region, as it shares culture with Cincinnati . Studies show that
15589-493: The southern states from Virginia to Texas. Since the end of formal segregation, blacks have been returning to the South in large numbers (see New Great Migration ). A sizable fraction of the Southern population is also made of Hispanic Americans , especially immigrants from Central American countries which border on the US's southernmost states. The Hispanic population of the South has expanded considerably in recent years, both due to natural population growth and immigration. It
15720-482: The state as being Southern (use of Southern colloquialisms such as y'all and ain't are still very much widespread in Texas). Based on a study from the late 1990s, 82% of Virginians believe they live in the South and most identify more with the South than with any other region. They uphold many traditions and beliefs of the South and take pride in their heritage. However, areas such as Northern Virginia , Richmond, and
15851-744: The state preclude treating Texas as a region in its own right. Notable extremes range from East Texas , which is often considered an extension of the Deep South , to Far West Texas , which is generally acknowledged to be part of the interior Southwest . The upper Texas Panhandle and the South Plains areas of West Texas are part of the Great Plains . The former has much in common both culturally and geographically with Midwestern states like Kansas and Nebraska. The South Plains, though originally settled primarily by Anglo Southerners, has become
15982-474: The state to identifying separately from the rest of the South politically and culturally. However, they choose to remain in Virginia for better economic opportunities than those available further North, as well as the low tax rates. West Virginia was formed during the American Civil War in 1863 from 50 western counties of Virginia and is currently composed of 55 counties. Many of the counties in
16113-413: The state's rural areas, have continued to be more distinctly Southern in character. Outside of those two specific areas, southern culture, dialect, mannerisms, etc. are prominent in Kentucky. Southern cuisine is also quite common across the state. Western Kentucky is famous for a regional style of southern barbecue, and other forms of southern food such as catfish, country ham, and green beans. Today most of
16244-514: The state, outside of Northern Kentucky, shares a cultural identity with Tennessee and the rest of the Upland South in ancestry, dialect, and various other aspects of culture. In most contexts, especially culturally, the state is grouped as part of the south. The Charlotte and Raleigh – Durham areas have attracted many new residents due to economic growth. This includes the banking/finance industries in Charlotte, along with
16375-574: The universities and high-tech industries in Raleigh-Durham. Wilmington has also become a center of Midwestern and Northern migration for its temperate coastal climate and growing business community. Meanwhile, Asheville and its surrounding area has tended to attract more progressively minded transplants, due to its longstanding reputation as a center of liberal thought and open-minded attitudes, and retirees settle here due to its scenic mountain setting. In addition to an influx of Northerners ,
16506-456: The world's largest airlines with complementary networks, offering customers unparalleled destinations in both the business and leisure traveler markets. The two airlines have signed codeshare and interline agreements to provide travelers with flights to more destinations in China, North and South America. The codeshare route partnership includes the ability to earn and redeem AAdvantage miles, check baggage through, and book tickets. China Southern
16637-575: Was announced that the airline would lease 24 Airbus A320neo aircraft from AerCap for delivery between 2016 and 2019. On 15 November 2018, the airline announced that it would leave SkyTeam by 1 January 2019 and will strengthen its partnership with American Airlines and others. The announcement lead to speculation that it will join Oneworld alongside Hong Kong carrier Cathay Pacific. Various media outlets reported that while analysts predict that its Oneworld move could threaten Cathay Pacific's position in
16768-474: Was expected to top 1 million by 2011. The increase is fueled by Catholics moving to Atlanta from other parts of the U.S. and the world, and from newcomers to the church. About 16 percent of all metropolitan Atlanta residents are Catholic, comparable to many Midwestern metropolitan areas. Raleigh, North Carolina also has a rapidly growing number of Catholics, with Catholicism having the largest number of affiliates out of any other religious group (11.3%) and
16899-613: Was held at the Great Hall of the People . The carrier's integration with the alliance continued with its entry into SkyTeam Cargo in November 2010, and its joint-venture carrier Xiamen Airlines' formal joining in November 2012. With China Eastern's ascension in June 2011, SkyTeam furthered its leading presence on the mainland Chinese market; the remaining Big Three carrier, Air China, is a member of Star Alliance . It followed up with another Airbus order on 7 July 2006, when it confirmed
17030-488: Was jointly established with Lockheed Aircraft Services International and Hutchinson Whampoa , was carrying out expansion of its aircraft maintenance facilities in anticipation of the increase. To keep pace with fast developments, China Southern raised capital, becoming listed on the Hong Kong and New York Stock Exchanges in July 1997, and raising $ 600–$ 700 million. Much of the funds raised were used to facilitate
17161-526: Was reorganized as the nationalised Protestant Episcopal Church of the USA . The Revolution turned more people toward Methodist and Baptist preachers in the South. The Cane Ridge Revival and subsequent "camp-meetings" on the Kentucky and Tennessee frontiers were the impetus behind the Restoration Movement . Traveling preachers used music and song to convert new members. Shape-note singing became
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