The Southern Front ( Russian : Южный фронт ) was a front of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War , formed twice.
67-749: Southern Front may refer to: Southern Front (RSFSR) , a formation of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War (1918–20) Southern Front (Soviet Union) , a formation of the Soviet Red Army in World War II Southern Front (Sudan) , a Sudanese political party Southern Front (Syrian rebel group) Polish Southern Front , a formation of the Polish Army during
134-610: A corps on 6 December. On 10 December, in accordance with an order of 3 December, the front headquarters was reorganized into the headquarters of the Commander of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and the Crimea , with the 4th, 6th, and 1st Cavalry Armies. Voronezh Voronezh ( / v ə ˈ r oʊ n ɪ ʃ , - ˈ r ɒ n -/ və- ROH -nish, - RO - ; Russian : Воронеж , IPA: [vɐˈronʲɪʂ] )
201-637: A defense committee in the city. On November 7, 1941, there was a troop parade, devoted to the anniversary of the October Revolution . Only three such parades were organized that year: in Moscow, Kuybyshev , and Voronezh. In late June 1942, the city was attacked by German and Hungarian forces. In response, Soviet forces formed the Voronezh Front . By July 6, the German army occupied
268-500: A drone attack on two distilleries in Voronezh, distilleries that make rocket and aviation fuel and explosives. Voronezh is the administrative center of the oblast . Within the framework of administrative divisions , it is incorporated as Voronezh Urban Okrug —an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts . As a municipal division , this administrative unit also has urban okrug status. The city
335-522: A geographical region, which included the Voronezh river (tributary of the Don ) and a number of settlements. In the lower reaches of the river, a unique Slavic town-planning complex of the 8th – early 11th century was discovered, which covered the territory of the present city of Voronezh and its environs (about 42 km long, about 13 forts and many unfortified villages). By the 12th – 13th centuries, most of
402-406: A number of movie theaters, a philharmonic hall, and a circus. It is also a major center of higher education in central Russia. The main educational facilities include: and a number of other affiliate and private-funded institutes and universities. There are 2000 schools within the city. Platonov International Arts Festival Orthodox Christianity is the predominant religion in Voronezh. There
469-834: A sizable town. Weronecz is shown on the Worona river in Resania in Joan Blaeu 's map of 1645. Peter the Great built a dockyard in Voronezh where the Azov Flotilla was constructed for the Azov campaigns in 1695 and 1696. This fleet, the first ever built in Russia, included the first Russian ship of the line , Goto Predestinatsia . The Orthodox diocese of Voronezh was instituted in 1682 and its first bishop, Mitrofan of Voronezh ,
536-767: Is a city and the administrative centre of Voronezh Oblast in southwestern Russia straddling the Voronezh River , located 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) from where it flows into the Don River . The city sits on the Southeastern Railway , which connects western Russia with the Urals and Siberia , the Caucasus and Ukraine , and the M4 highway ( Moscow –Voronezh– Rostov-on-Don – Novorossiysk ). In recent years
603-465: Is a probable Slavic macrotoponym associated with outstanding signs of nature, has a root voron- (from the proto-Slavic vorn ) in the meaning of "black, dark" and the suffix -ezh (-azh, -ozh ). It was not “transferred” and in the 8th - 9th centuries it marked a vast territory covered with black forests (oak forests) - from the mouth of the Voronezh river to the Voronozhsky annalistic forests in
670-417: Is an Orthodox Jewish community in Voronezh, with a synagogue located on Stankevicha Street. A notable Christian Armenian , up to 4,000 individuals, is also present. In 1682, the Voronezh diocese was formed to fight the schismatics. Its first head was Bishop Mitrofan (1623-1703) at the age of 58. Under him, the construction began on the new Annunciation Cathedral to replace the old one. In 1832, Mitrofan
737-841: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Southern Front (RSFSR) The front was first formed in September 1918, fighting against the White Don Cossacks and the Volunteer Army in southeastern Russia. It advanced into the North Caucasus in January 1919, but was forced to retreat from eastern Ukraine by an attack of the Armed Forces of South Russia (AFSR) in May and June. The Southern Front then retreated in
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#1732765905837804-455: Is divided into six administrative districts : At the time of the official 2021 Census, the ethnic makeup of the city's population whose ethnicity was known (960,357) was: The leading sectors of the urban economy in the 20th century were mechanical engineering , metalworking , the electronics industry and the food industry . In the city are such companies as: On the territory of the city district government Maslovka Voronezh region with
871-674: The Donbas operation , it crossed the Seversky Donets , capturing Izyum , Slavyansk , Bakhmut , Debaltsevo , Gorlovka , Ilovaysk , Konstantinovka , Lugansk , and Mariupol . The front pushed the Armed Forces of South Russia back to the Black Sea and North Caucasus by early 1920, and moved its headquarters forward to Kursk in early January. Its troops inflicted heavy losses on the Armed Forces of South Russia, and fought in
938-584: The Manych River , and advanced towards Bataysk and Tikhoretsk . On 27 April the 2nd Ukrainian Soviet Army joined the front; it became the 14th Army on 4 June. In May, the Armed Forces of South Russia (AFSR) launched an offensive , which forced the front to retreat from the Don Host Oblast , the Donbas , Kharkov , Belgorod , Balashov and Tsaritsyn. On 21 May, the 11th Separate Army and Astrakhan-Caspian Flotilla were subordinated to
1005-712: The Northern Taurida . From its formation, the front included the 6th and 13th Armies and the 2nd Cavalry Army , which were transferred from the Southwestern Front. It also included the Kremenchug , Yekaterinoslav , and Primorsky Fortified Regions, the last responsible for defending the Black Sea coast. A key role in front operations was played by Nestor Makhno 's anarchist Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine . In September and October,
1072-665: The Rostov–Novocherkassk Operation between 3 and 10 January, capturing Taganrog , Novocherkassk , Rostov-on-Don, and Tikhoretsk , reaching the Sea of Azov . It was redesignated as the Southwestern Front on 10 January 1920, with the 1st Cavalry and 8th Armies transferred to the Southeastern Front, and the 12th, 13th, and 14th Armies remaining with the Southwestern Front. The second formation of
1139-902: The Second German Army and the Second Hungarian Army occupied the western part of Voronezh. During Operation Little Saturn , the Ostrogozhsk–Rossosh Offensive , and the Voronezhsko-Kastornenskoy Offensive, the Voronezh Front exacted heavy casualties on Axis forces. On January 25, 1943, Voronezh was liberated after ten days of combat . During the war the city was almost completely ruined, with 92% of all buildings destroyed. By 1950, Voronezh had been rebuilt. Most buildings and historical monuments were repaired. It
1206-619: The South Eastern Railway of the Russian Railways . Destinations served direct from Voronezh include Moscow, Kyiv, Kursk, Novorossiysk, Sochi, and Tambov. The main train station is called Voronezh-1 railway station and is located in the center of the city. There are three bus stations in Voronezh that connect the city with destinations including Moscow , Belgorod , Lipetsk , Volgograd , Rostov-on-Don , and Astrakhan . The city has seven theaters, twelve museums,
1273-586: The Tupolev Tu-144 (known in the West as the "Concordski"), was built and the only operational unit is still stored. Voronezh also hosts the Voronezh Malshevo air force base in the southwest of the city, which, according to a Natural Resources Defense Council report, houses nuclear bombers . Since 1868, there is a railway connection between Voronezh and Moscow. Rail services form a part of
1340-716: The Voronezh , Povorino , and Balashov - Kamyshin areas of the Southern Screen, the Red Army of the North Caucasus , and the Astrakhan Group of Forces . It is referred to in some sources as the Southern Front against Krasnov and Denikin to distinguish it from the front's 2nd formation. The front headquarters was formed from units of the Southern Screen headquarters and its Military Council from
1407-722: The Vyoshenskaya uprising , but was disbanded on 1 July. On 28 June, the Ukrainian Group of Forces was formed from the 12th Army (2nd formation, transferred from the Western Front ) and 14th Army , as well as the troops of the Kharkov Military District military commissariat for combat on the left bank of the Dnieper . It was led by the 12th Army commander Nikolai Semyonov. After the army
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#17327659058371474-793: The ostrog and the river, where the Monastyrskaya settlements (at the Assumption Monastery) was formed. Subsequently, the Yamnaya Sloboda was added to them, and on the other side of the fort, on the Chizhovka Mountain, the Chizhovskaya Sloboda of archers and Cossacks appeared. As a result, the Voronezh settlements surrounded the fortress in a ring. The location of the parish churches emphasized this ring-like and even distribution of settlements:
1541-527: The "Patrol Book" of 1615. At that time, the city fortress was logged and located on the banks of the Voronezh River. In plan, it was an irregular quadrangle with a perimeter of about 238 meter. inside it, due to lack of space, there was no housing or siege yards, and even the cathedral church was supposed to be taken out. However, at this small fortress there was a large garrison - 666 households of service people. These courtyards were reliably protected by
1608-501: The 11th or 12th century, the settlers were able to "transfer" this name to the Don region, where they named the second city Voronezh, and the river got its name from the city. However, now many researchers criticize the hypothesis, since in reality neither the name of Voroneg nor the second city was revealed, and usually the names of Russian cities repeated the names of the rivers, but not vice versa. The linguistic comparative analysis of
1675-702: The Caspian-Caucasian Section became the independent Caspian-Caucasian Front . The Group of Forces on the Kursk direction, formed on 18 November, was subordinated to the front on 19 December. The front achieved success in a January 1919 offensive against the Don Army , advancing along the Tsaritsyn- Velikoknyazheskaya railway and reaching the Don . On 24 January, Vladimir Gittis replaced Slavens. The Group of Forces on
1742-758: The Ilyinsky Church of the Streletskaya Sloboda, the Pyatnitskaya Cossack and Pokrovskaya Belomestnaya were brought out to the passage towers of the prison. The Nikolskaya Church of the Streletskaya Sloboda was located near the marketplace (and, accordingly, the front facade of the fortress), and the paired ensemble of the Rozhdestvenskaya and Georgievskaya churches of the Cossack Sloboda marked the main street of
1809-718: The Invasion of Poland of 1939 Franco-Turkish War , 1918–21 war during the Turkish War of Independence Italian campaign (World War II) , 1943–45 Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Southern Front . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern_Front&oldid=1125037251 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
1876-690: The Kursk direction was renamed the Donetsk Group of Forces on 15 February, and was expanded into the 13th Army on 5 March. On 13 March, the Don River Flotilla was operationally subordinated the front, remaining with it until its disbandment on 28 June. Between March and June, the front fought to suppress the Vyoshenskaya uprising of the Don Cossacks in stanitsas on the Upper Don. By April, it had taken Rostov-on-Don , crossed
1943-650: The Military Council of the North Caucasus. It was initially based at Kozlov . When it was first formed, the front was tasked with maintaining the demarcation line between the Red Army and Austro-German troops in Ukraine, and fighting Pyotr Krasnov 's Don Cossack Host and Anton Denikin 's Volunteer Army in southeastern Russia. On 3 October, the front's sector was divided into five areas, which were reorganized as Between September and November, it defended against Don Cossack attacks on Tsaritsyn and Kamyshin, in
2010-581: The Sivash and capturing the Lithuanian peninsula , the fortified Turkish Wall, Yushun, and Chongar positions. After breaking through at Perekop, the front advanced into Crimea, capturing Simferopol , Feodosiya , Sevastopol , Kerch , and Yalta , forcing the Russian Army to evacuate. On 12 November the 13th Army was disbanded and its troops merged with the 4th Army. The 2nd Cavalry Army was reduced to
2077-582: The Southern Front was formed by an order of the Revolutionary Military Council on 21 September 1920, with its headquarters at Kharkov. Under the command of Mikhail Frunze for the duration of its existence, the front is referred to in some sources as the Southern Front against Wrangel to distinguish it from the 1st formation. It was tasked with fighting Pyotr Wrangel 's Russian Army , which had advanced out of Crimea into
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2144-696: The Soviet Union. The fairy tale replica city will feature the houses of Kai and Gerda, the palace of the snow queen, an ice rink, and illumination. In June 2023, during the Wagner Group rebellion , forces of the Wagner Group claimed to have taken control of military facilities in the city. Later they were confirmed to have taken the city itself. On the night of 27 October 2024, during the Russo-Ukrainian War , Ukraine launched
2211-442: The Voronezh Fortified Region for the secondary attack against the AFSR towards Kharkov. Between 14 August and 12 September, the front launched a counterattack known as the August counteroffensive of the Southern Front utilizing the Special Group and the Selivachyov Group. Its forces attacked towards Kharkov, capturing Biryuch , Valuyki , Volchansk , Kupyansk , and Pavlovsk , reaching the Don and Khopyor Rivers , and defended in
2278-414: The Voronezh excavator factory. In July, the construction of Katyushas was rationalized so that their manufacture became easier and the time of volley repetition was shortened from five minutes to fifteen seconds. More than 300 BM-13 units manufactured in Voronezh were used in a counterattack near Moscow in December 1941. In October 22, 1941, the advance of the German troops prompted the establishment of
2345-403: The Voronezh river, was gradually conquered by Muscovy from the Nogai Horde (a successor state of the Golden Horde ), and the current city of Voronezh was established in 1585 by Feodor I as a fort protecting the Muravsky Trail trade route against the slave raids of the Nogai and Crimean Tatars . The city was named after the river. In the 17th century, Voronezh gradually evolved into
2412-412: The annual tradition in the Russian city of Voronezh, every winter the main city square is thematically drawn around a classic literature. In 2020, the city was decorated using the motifs from Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky 's The Nutcracker . In the year of 2021, the architects drew inspiration from Hans Christian Andersen 's fairy tale The Snow Queen as well as the animation classic The Snow Queen from
2479-439: The area of Tsaritsyn and Kamyshin. However, the raids of Don Cossack cavalry commanders Konstantin Mamontov and Andrei Shkuro disrupted the front's rear, and through September and early October the front retreated to the north again, giving up Kursk, Livny , Kromy , and Orel. By late September Group Selivachyov had ceased to exist under the pressure of the White advance. The front headquarters relocated north to Tula during
2546-444: The area of the Povorino-Tsaritsyn railway, and towards Voronezh . Due to the 11th and 12th Armies in the North Caucasus being cut off by White advances from the rest of the front, on 2 November, the two armies were subordinated to the Caspian-Caucasian Section of the Southern Front. It launched a failed offensive in November, which resulted in the replacement of Sytin with Latvian Rifleman Pēteris Slavens on 9 November. On 8 December,
2613-430: The area of the main settlement in Kyiv before the baptism of Rus. In [1] it is assumed that the word "Voronezh" means bluing - a technique to increase the corrosion resistance of iron products. This explanation fits well with the proximity to the ancient city of Voronezh of a large iron deposit and the city of Stary Oskol. As well as the name of Voroneț Monastery known for its blue shade. Folk etymology claims
2680-438: The city has experienced rapid population growth, rising in 2021 to 1,057,681, up from 889,680 recorded in the 2010 Census , making it the 14th-most populous city in the country. The first chronicle references to the word "Voronezh" are dated 1177, when the Ryazan prince Yaropolk, having lost the battle, fled "to Voronozh" and there was moving "from town to town". Modern data of archeology and history interpret Voronezh as
2747-403: The city was given the status of a federal scale celebration that helped attract large investments from the federal and regional budgets for development. On December 17, 2012, Voronezh became the fifteenth city in Russia with a population of over one million people. Today Voronezh is the economic, industrial, cultural, and scientific center of the Central Black Earth Region . As part of
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2814-529: The city, going from the Cossack Gate to the fortress tower. Voronezh experiences a humid continental climate ( Köppen : Dfb ) with long, cold winters and short, warm summers. The city is served by the Voronezh International Airport , which is located north of the city and is home to Polet Airlines. Voronezh is also home to the Pridacha Airport , a part of a major aircraft manufacturing facility VASO ( Voronezhskoye Aktsionernoye Samoletostroitelnoye Obshchestvo , Voronezh aircraft production association) where
2881-543: The defeat of the AFSR, the Outer Southern Defense Region was disbanded and its troops used to form the 61st Rifle Division . The Cavalry Corps was redesignated the 1st Cavalry Corps of the front on 30 October, and became the 1st Cavalry Army on 17 November. Advancing in tandem with the Southeastern Front from November, the Southern Front fought in the Kharkov operation between 24 November and 12 December, capturing Stary Oskol , Novy Oskol , Sumy , Biryuch, Volchansk , Valuyki, Kupyansk, Belgorod, Kharkov, and Pavlovsk. In
2948-436: The face of the latter's Moscow offensive , launching a counterattack in August that advanced into northeastern Ukraine and to the Don River . With its rear disrupted by White cavalry raids, the front retreated north in September and early October, moving as far as Orel . In October the front launched a counteroffensive, defeating the AFSR, leading to the latter's precipitate retreat to the Black Sea by early January. The front
3015-412: The front fought against the Russian Army in northern Taurida, repulsing its attacks towards the Donbas, Nikopol and Aleksandrovsk , which aimed at creating a bridgehead on the Dnieper 's right bank. The troops of the front held the Kakhovka bridgehead on the river's left bank. On 21 October, the 1st Cavalry Army was transferred to the front from the reserve of the Commander-in-Chief, and the 4th Army
3082-409: The front; the former disbanded on 4 June with its 34th Rifle Division and 7th Cavalry Division being transferred to the 10th Army. Between 8 June and 10 January 1920, the Orel Military District was operationally subordinated to the front. On 17 June, the Special Corps was subordinated to the front. It had been formed on 10 June as the Separate Expeditionary Corps from troops assigned to suppress
3149-446: The hair trade developed in the town. A railway connected Voronezh with Moscow in 1868 and Rostov-on-Don in 1871. During World War II , Voronezh was the scene of fierce fighting between Soviet and combined Axis troops. The Germans used it as a staging area for their attack on Stalingrad , and made it a key crossing point on the Don River. In June 1941, two BM-13 (Fighting machine #13 Katyusha ) artillery installations were built at
3216-446: The middle and upper reaches of the river, and in the west to the Don (many forests were cut down). The historian believes that the main "city" of the early town-planning complex could repeat the name of the region – Voronezh. Now the hillfort is located in the administrative part of the modern city, in the Voronezh upland oak forest. This is one of Europe's largest ancient Slavic hillforts, the area of which – more than 9 hectares – 13 times
3283-450: The month due to the AFSR advance. The 9th and 10th Armies , still part of the Special Group of the front, became the basis of the new Southeastern Front on 30 September. On 1 October, the Outer Southern Defense Region was created by the front, uniting the Yelets, Kozlov, and Tambov Fortified Regions to defend the southern approaches to Moscow in the Orel Governorate and parts of the Kursk , Tambov and Chernigov Governorates . During
3350-410: The month, the front headquarters relocated to Sergiyevsk , and then Serpukhov , ahead of the White advance. Semyon Budyonny 's Cavalry Corps was transferred to the front's 10th Army on 7 October. On 11 October, it commenced a counteroffensive , with the Orel–Kursk operation and Voronezh–Kastornoye operation . Alexander Yegorov took command of the front for the counteroffensive, and led it for
3417-409: The name "Voronezh" was carried out by the Khovansky Foundation in 2009. There is an indication of the place names of many countries in Eurasia, which may partly be not only similar in sound, but also united by common Indo-European languages: Varanasi , Varna , Verona , Brno , etc. A comprehensive scientific analysis was conducted in 2015–2016 by the historian Pavel Popov. His conclusion: "Voronezh"
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#17327659058373484-403: The name comes from combining the Russian words for raven ( ворон ) and hedgehog ( еж ) into Воронеж . According to this explanation two Slavic tribes named after the animals used this combination to name the river which later in turn provided the name for a settlement. There is not believed to be any scientific support for this explanation. In the 16th century, the Middle Don basin, including
3551-408: The old towns were desolate, but new settlements appeared upstream, closer to Ryazan . For many years, the hypothesis of the Soviet historian Vladimir Zagorovsky dominated: he produced the toponym "Voronezh" from the hypothetical Slavic personal name Voroneg . This man allegedly gave the name of a small town in the Chernigov Principality (now the village of Voronizh in Ukraine ). Later, in
3618-442: The rest of its existence. During the Orel–Kursk operation between 11 October and 18 November, the front's forces recaptured Kromy, Orel, Fatezh , Sevsk , Lgov , Dmitriyev , and Kursk. The Voronezh–Kastornoye operation between 13 October and 16 November retook Voronezh, Liski , and Kastornoye . The front's counteroffensive forced the AFSR into a headlong retreat. The 12th Army rejoined the front on 16 October. On 25 October, with
3685-418: The second line of fortifications by a standing prison on taras with 25 towers covered with earth; behind the prison was a moat, and beyond the moat there were stakes. Voronezh was a typical military settlement ( ostrog ). In the city prison there were only settlements of military men: Streletskaya, Kazachya, Belomestnaya atamanskaya, Zatinnaya and Pushkarskaya. The posad population received the territory between
3752-415: The support of the Investment Fund of Russia, is implementing a project to create an industrial park, "Maslowski", to accommodate more than 100 new businesses, including the transformer factory of Siemens. On September 7, 2011 in Voronezh there opened a Global network operation center of Nokia Siemens Networks, which was the fifth in the world and the first in Russia. In 2014, 926,000 square meters of housing
3819-401: The western river-bank suburbs before being subjected to a fierce Soviet counter-attack. By July 24 the frontline had stabilised along the Voronezh River as the German forces continued southeast into the Great Bend of the Don. The attack on Voronezh represented the first phase of the German Army's 1942 campaign in the Soviet Union, codenamed Case Blue . Until January 25, 1943, parts of
3886-405: Was also the location of a prestigious Suvorov Military School , a boarding school for young boys who were considered to be prospective military officers, many of whom had been orphaned by war. In 1950–1960, new factories were established: a tire factory, a machine-tool factory, a factory of heavy mechanical pressing, and others. In 1968, Serial production of the Tupolev Tu-144 supersonic plane
3953-401: Was delivered. In clusters of tax incentives and different preferences, the full support of the authorities. A cluster of Oil and Gas Equipment, Radio-electronic cluster, Furniture cluster, IT cluster, Cluster aircraft, Cluster Electromechanics, Transport and logistics cluster, Cluster building materials and technologies. Information about the original urban layout of Voronezh is contained in
4020-405: Was disbanded in December, reorganized into the Armed Forces of Ukraine and the Crimea . The Southern Front was first formed by an order of the Revolutionary Military Council on 11 September 1918, which replaced the Red Army's organization into screens with fronts, under the command of Pavel Sytin . It included all troops previously part of the Bryansk and Kursk areas of the Western Screen,
4087-420: Was established at the Voronezh Aviation factory. In October 1977, the first Soviet domestic wide-body plane, Ilyushin Il-86 , was built there. In 1989, TASS published details of an alleged UFO landing in the city's park and purported encounters with extraterrestrial beings reported by a number of children. A Russian scientist that was cited in initial TASS reports later told the Associated Press that he
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#17327659058374154-413: Was formed by the front. In a counteroffensive in northern Taurida between 28 October and 3 November, the front's troops advanced out of the Kakhovka bridgehead, capturing Perekop , Henichesk , Agayman , Melitopol , Nizhniye Serogozy , Salkovo , and Chongar . During the Perekop–Chongar operation between 7 and 17 November it broke through Russian Army defenses on the Isthmus of Perekop , crossing
4221-527: Was later proclaimed the town's patron saint. Owing to the Voronezh Admiralty Wharf, for a short time, Voronezh became the largest city of South Russia and the economic center of a large and fertile region. In 1711, it was made the seat of the Azov Governorate , which eventually morphed into the Voronezh Governorate . In the 19th century, Voronezh was the center of Voronezh Governorate. Manufacturing industry (mills, tallow-melting, butter-making, soap, leather, and other works) as well as bread, cattle, suet , and
4288-436: Was misquoted, cautioning, "Don't believe all you hear from TASS," and "We never gave them part of what they published", and a TASS correspondent admitted the possibility that some "make-believe" had been added to the TASS story, saying, "I think there is a certain portion of truth, but it is not excluded that there is also fantasizing". From 10 to 17 September 2011, Voronezh celebrated its 425th anniversary. The anniversary of
4355-422: Was operationally subordinated to the front. The front then retreated in the face of Denikin's Moscow offensive , relinquishing Kiev , Odessa , Kursk , Voronezh , and Orel between August and October. In August, the front headquarters moved to Orel. By orders of 5 and 13 August, a group under the command of Vladimir Selivachyov , named after its commander, was formed from troops of the 8th and 13th Armies and
4422-406: Was redesignated the Southwestern Front on January 10, 1920, at the beginning of the Red advance into the North Caucasus. The front was formed for a second time in September 1920, with troops transferred from the Southwestern Front. It fought in the defeat of Pyotr Wrangel 's Russian Army in Crimea , forcing the evacuation of the latter in November with the Perekop–Chongar operation . The front
4489-435: Was transferred on 26 July, the group was dissolved. On 13 July, Gittis was replaced by Vladimir Yegoryev . On 23 July, the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Republic ordered that the 9th and 10th Armies become a shock group directly subordinated to him for the main attack against the AFSR towards Rostov and Novocherkassk . However, on 27 July, the group, renamed the Special Group and commanded by Vasily Shorin ,
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