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31-554: Southern Sporades (Greek Nóties Sporádes ) are Greek islands situated between the Cyclades and Turkey . They correspond to the Dodecanese plus a few northern islands (especially Samos and Ikaria ). Also included in this group by some geographers are the islands of Chios and Lesbos . 38°50′N 24°25′E  /  38.833°N 24.417°E  / 38.833; 24.417 This South Aegean location article

62-568: A population of nearly 12,500, most of whom live in the main town of Chora . According to the National Observatory of Athens , Mykonos has a hot semi-arid climate ( Köppen climate classification : BSh ) because of the low overall precipitation, although it has lots of Mediterranean climate ( Csa) characteristics and is highly influenced by the Aegean Sea . The rainy season lasts from October until March. Vegetation follows

93-624: A result there have been problems with erosion , pollution, and water shortages. The Cyclades includes about 220 islands, the major ones being Amorgos , Anafi , Andros , Antiparos , Delos , Ios , Kea , Kimolos , Kythnos , Milos , Mykonos , Naxos , Paros , Folegandros , Serifos , Sifnos , Sikinos , Syros , Tinos , and Thira or Santoríni . There are also many minor islands (the Lesser Cyclades ) including Donousa , Eschati , Gyaros , Irakleia , Koufonisia , Makronisos , Rineia , and Schoinousa . The name "Cyclades" refers to

124-536: A trading center, attracting many immigrants from nearby islands, in addition to regular pirate raids. In June 1794 the Battle of Mykonos was fought between British and French ships in the island's main harbor. The Greek Revolution against the Ottoman Empire broke out in 1821 and Mykonos played an important role, led by the national heroine, Manto Mavrogenous . Mavrogenous, a well-educated aristocrat guided by

155-491: Is a Greek island , part of the Cyclades , lying between Tinos , Syros , Paros and Naxos . The island has an area of 85.5 square kilometres (33.0 sq mi) and rises to an elevation of 341 metres (1,119 feet) at its highest point. At the 2021 census, there were 10,704 inhabitants, most of whom lived in the largest town, Mykonos, which is on the west coast. The town is also known as Chora (i.e. 'Town' in Greek, following

186-490: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Cyclades The significant Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age Cycladic culture is best known for its schematic, flat sculptures carved out of the islands' pure white marble centuries before the great Middle Bronze Age Minoan civilization arose in Crete to the south. (These figures have been looted from burials to satisfy a thriving Cycladic antiquities market since

217-524: Is a separate regional unit of the South Aegean region, and the sole municipality in the regional unit. As a part of the 2011 Kallikratis government reform , the regional unit Mykonos was created out of part of the former Cyclades Prefecture . The municipality, unchanged at the Kallikratis reform, also includes the islands of Delos , Rineia and several uninhabited islets. The total area of

248-448: Is composed mostly of granite and the terrain is very rocky with many areas eroded by the strong winds. High quality clay and baryte , which is a mineral used as a lubricant in oil drilling, were mined on the eastern side of Mykonos until the late 1900s. It produces 4,500 cubic metres (160,000 cu ft) of water daily, by reverse osmosis of sea water in order to help meet the needs of its population and visitors. The island has

279-484: Is located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) southeast of the town of Mykonos and it is served by international flights during summer. The flight from Athens to Mykonos takes 25 minutes. Mykonos is also accessible by boat and ferries. High speed vessels visit daily from the surrounding islands and from Athens. Taxis, buses or boats are available for transportation. There are three main bus depots in Mykonos. The northern depot

310-514: Is situated behind Remezzo Club above the old Port and provides regular service to Ano Mera, Elia and Kalafatis. A few hundred meters below, at the Old Port, lays another Depot focusing on the northern destinations of Tourlos (New Port) and Agios Stefanos. The southern Bus Depot is at the town "entrance", called Fabrika and it provides regular service to Ornos, Agios Yannis, Plati Gialos, Psarou, Paraga, and Paradise Beach. Small boats travel to and from

341-477: The 1980s. By the 2000s, Mykonos had become one of Greece's most expensive islands. In Greek mythology , Mykonos was named after its first ruler, Mykonos (Μύκονος), the son or grandson of the god Apollo and a local hero. The island is also said to have been the location of the Gigantomachy , the great battle between Zeus and Giants and where Heracles killed the invincible giants having lured them from

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372-589: The admiral of Suleiman the Magnificent and an Ottoman fleet established itself on the island. The Ottomans, under the leadership of Kapudan Pasha , imposed a system of self-governance comprising a governor and an appointed council of syndics . When the castle of Tinos fell to the Ottomans in 1718, the last of the Venetians withdrew from the region. Up until the end of the 18th century, Mykonos prospered as

403-574: The broad outlines of a farming and seafaring culture that had emigrated from Anatolia c.  5000 BCE . Early Cycladic culture evolved in three phases, between c. 3300 – 2000 BCE, when it was increasingly swamped in the rising influence of Minoan Crete. The culture of mainland Greece contemporary with Cycladic culture is known as the Helladic period . In recent decades the Cyclades have become popular with European and other tourists, and as

434-540: The common practice in Greece when the name of the island itself is the same as the name of the principal town). Mykonos's nickname is "The Island of the Winds", due to the very strong winds that usually blow on the island. Tourism is a major industry and Mykonos is known for its vibrant nightlife. Herodotus mentions Carians as the original inhabitants of the island. Ionians from Athens seem to have followed next in

465-468: The early 11th century BC. There were many people living on the neighboring island of Delos , only 2 km (1.2 miles) away, which meant that Mykonos became an important place for supplies and transit. It was, however, during ancient times a rather poor island with limited agricultural resources. Its inhabitants were polytheists and worshiped many gods. Mykonos came under the control of the Romans during

496-416: The early 20th century.) A distinctive Neolithic culture amalgamating Anatolian and mainland Greek elements arose in the western Aegean before 4000 BCE, based on emmer and wild-type barley, sheep and goats, pigs, and tuna that were apparently speared from small boats (Rutter). Excavated sites include Chalandriani , Phylakopi , Skarkos , Saliagos and Kephala (on Kea ) with signs of copperworking, Each of

527-468: The emergence of Christianity. The first archaeological excavations of the 1880s, undertaken by antiquaries such as Theodore Bent at Antiparos in early 1884, were followed by systematic work by the British School at Athens and by Christos Tsountas , who investigated burial sites on several islands in 1898–1899 and coined the term "Cycladic civilization". Interest lagged, and then picked up in

558-553: The ideas of the Enlightenment , sacrificed her family's fortune for the Greek cause. Greece became an independent state in 1830. A statue of her sits in the middle of Manto Mavrogenous square in the main town. At the end of February 1884, the British travellers Theodore and Mabel Bent visited the island, ostensibly to witness the traditional funeral lamentations (‘mœrologia’). As a result of sailing and merchant activity,

589-528: The important excavations carried out by the French School of Archaeology, which began work in Delos in 1873. Mykonos became popular with international " jet set " tourists in the 1960s. In the 1970s, it was popular spot for Americans to treat as a nude beach, which Americans imagined to be a feature of those natural "far out" Greeks, and then flourished further to become a popular gay tourist destination in

620-591: The island's economy quickly picked up but declined again during the late 19th century and especially after the opening of the Corinth Canal in 1904 and the First World War at the beginning of the 20th century. Many Mykonians left the island to find work in mainland Greece and many foreign countries, especially the United States. Tourism soon came to dominate the local economy, owing a lot to

651-421: The islands forming a circle ("circular islands") around the sacred island of Delos. Most of the smaller islands are uninhabited. Ermoupoli on Syros is the chief town and administrative center of the former prefecture. The islands are peaks of a submerged mountainous terrain, with the exception of two volcanic islands , Milos and Santorini. The climate is generally dry and mild, but with the exception of Naxos,

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682-569: The mid-20th century, as collectors competed for the modern-looking figures that seemed so similar to sculpture by Jean Arp or Constantin Brâncuși . Sites were looted and a brisk trade in forgeries arose. The context for many of these Cycladic figurines has been mostly destroyed and their meaning may never be completely understood. Another intriguing and mysterious object is that of the Cycladic frying pans . More accurate archaeology has revealed

713-431: The municipality is 105.183 km (40.611 sq mi). The mayors of Mykonos have been: As a Greek island, the economy of Mykonos is closely linked with the sea. However, with the rise of tourism, it plays a minor role during summer. The original Neoclassical building underwent refurbishments and expansions in the 1930s and 1960s and the large eastern room was added in 1972. The museum contains artefacts from

744-531: The neighbouring island Rhenia, including 9th- to 8th-century BC ceramic pottery from the Cyclades and 7th- to 6th-century BC works from other areas in the Aegean. Its most famous item is the large vase produced in Tinos, showing scenes from the fall of Troy. There is an abundance of churches because, for many years, the islanders were required to build a church on their land before building a house. Mykonos Airport

775-557: The other Cyclades islands) and the moderating sea, summer days are relatively cool, dry, sunny and pleasant. The reason for the low overall rainfall is the rain shadow of the Pindus mountain range, which dry out the westerly winds. Winters in general are mild and wet, with many sunny days even in mid-winter. Snow is infrequent and doesn't stay long on the ground when it falls. There are ten villages: Local specialities: The municipality of Mykonos (officially: Greek : Δήμος Μυκόνου )

806-693: The prefecture was abolished, and its territory was divided into nine regional units of the South Aegean region: The prefecture was subdivided into the following municipalities and communities. These have been reorganised at the 2011 Kallikratis reform as well. Note: Provinces no longer hold any legal status in Greece . Local specialities of the Cyclades include: 37°00′N 25°10′E  /  37.000°N 25.167°E  / 37.000; 25.167 Mykonos Mykonos ( / ˈ m ɪ k ə n ɒ s , - n oʊ s / , UK also / ˈ m iː k -/ ; Greek : Μύκονος [ˈmikonos] )

837-553: The protection of Mount Olympus . According to myth, the large rocks all over the island are said to be the petrified corpses of the giants. The island has an area of 85.5 square kilometres (33.0 sq mi) and rises to an elevation of 341 metres (1,119 feet) at its highest point. It is situated 150 kilometres (93 miles) east of Athens in the Aegean Sea. The island features no rivers but has numerous seasonal streams, two of which have been converted into reservoirs. The island

868-735: The reign of the Roman Empire and then became part of the Byzantine Empire until the 12th century. In 1204, with the fall of Constantinople in the Fourth Crusade , Mykonos was occupied by Andrea Ghisi . The island was ravaged by the Catalans at the end of the 13th century and finally given over to direct Venetian rule in 1390. In 1537, while the Venetians still reigned, Mykonos was attacked by Hayreddin Barbarossa ,

899-408: The small Cycladic islands could support no more than a few thousand people, though Late Cycladic boat models show that fifty oarsmen could be assembled from the scattered communities (Rutter), and when the highly organized palace-culture of Crete arose, the islands faded into insignificance, with the exception of Delos, which retained its archaic reputation as a sanctuary throughout antiquity and until

930-474: The soil is not very fertile; agricultural produce includes wine, fruit, wheat, olive oil , and tobacco. Lower temperatures are registered in higher elevations and these areas do not usually see wintry weather. The Cyclades are bounded to the south by the Sea of Crete . The Cyclades Prefecture ( Greek : Νομός Κυκλάδων ) was one of the prefectures of Greece . As a part of the 2011 Kallikratis government reform ,

961-424: The typical pattern for the region and grows around mid-autumn and ends in the beginning of the summer. The average daily temperature in the winter is around 15 °C (59 °F), while it is around 27.0 °C (80.6 °F) in the summer. The average nighttime temperature is 11 °C (52 °F) in the winter and 24 °C (75 °F) in the summer. Because of the seasonal cool " meltemi " wind (similar to

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