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27-587: Soest may refer to: Places [ edit ] Soest, Germany Soest (district) , a district around the location in Germany Soest, Netherlands Other [ edit ] Gerard Soest , British artist SOEST, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

54-439: A multitude of historical buildings and attractions. The many medieval churches are built from a greenish sandstone unique to this area. In 960, Bruno I, Archbishop of Cologne transferred relics of St. Patroclus from Troyes to Soest. From 964 on, they have been housed in what became the provost church St.-Patrokli-Dom (St. Patroclus' "Cathedral"), a particularly fine example of Romanesque architecture . The cathedral

81-633: A tremendous loss of both population and influence; at its lowest point, in 1756, having merely 3,600 citizens. With the creation of the Soest district in 1817, its influence again began to rise. However, the industrialization of the Ruhr area throughout the 19th century did not reach Soest, which remained a small town. Under the re-drawing of political borders within the Reich by the Nazi Party Soest

108-493: Is Europe's biggest old town fair and was held for the 685th time in 2023. Among the traditional specialities of Soest are Möppken bread and pumpernickel . The Haverland bakery in the city centre, which formerly supplied dark bread to the royal court of Bavaria, has existed since 1570. A more recent speciality is Bullenauge (Bull's Eye), a mocha liqueur, sold mostly at the Allerheiligenkirmes. Another speciality

135-479: Is an example of early medieval Romanesque architecture fashioned from the local greenish sandstone. Its massive squared bell tower or steeple can be seen for many kilometres, rising up out of the city centre of the old town and a landmark of the Soester Boerde. The Allerheiligenkirmes is named for All Saints' Day as it starts every year at the first Wednesday after All Saints' and lasts for five days. It

162-664: Is closely related to that of its southern neighbours: the Duchies of Jülich and Berg , as well as Guelders and the Westphalian county of Mark . The Duchy was archaically known as Cleveland in English. The duchy's territory roughly covered the present-day German districts of Cleves (northern part), Wesel and the city of Duisburg , as well as adjacent parts of the Limburg , North Brabant and Gelderland provinces in

189-474: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Soest, Germany Soest is located along the Hellweg road, approximately 23 kilometres (14 miles) south-west of Lippstadt , roughly 50 km (31 mi) east of Dortmund and roughly 50 km (31 mi) west of Paderborn . The Norwegian Þiðrekssaga from the 13th century, a series of tales about

216-499: Is no salt to be found in the surroundings. When people make salt they take water from the spring, filling a kettle and placing it in an oven made from stone, lighting a large fire underneath, turning it into a thick and murky fluid. Then it is left to cool, leaving solid white salt. In this manner, all white salt is produced in the Slavic countries.” An increasingly confident and powerful Soest liberated itself, between 1444 and 1449, from

243-799: Is the Soester beer, also known as Zwiebel-Bier (Onion Beer) as it has been brewed, since 1993, in the Zwiebel (Onion) Inn. The town's coat of arms shows a key, which is the symbol for Saint Peter , the patron saint of Cologne. The key symbol remained unchanged, even after Soest no longer fell within the jurisdiction of Cologne. Soest is twinned with: Circles est. 1500: Bavarian , Swabian , Upper Rhenish , Lower Rhenish–Westphalian , Franconian , (Lower) Saxon Duchy of Cleves 51°47′N 6°8′E  /  51.783°N 6.133°E  / 51.783; 6.133 The Duchy of Cleves ( German : Herzogtum Kleve ; Dutch : Hertogdom Kleef )

270-545: The Bishop of Cologne , who controlled Westphalia (the so-called Soest Feud ). No longer a capital of Westphalia, Soest aligned itself instead with the Duke of Cleves . This proved to be mostly a Pyrrhic victory , however. Though it had shown itself strong enough to defy the powerful Archbishop of Cologne, the town lost much of its trade as a consequence, with a "liberated" Soest surrounded by territories with other allegiances. When

297-706: The Gothic King Theoderic the Great , identifies Soest (called Susat) as the capital of Attila 's (?–453) Hunnic Empire . The actual location of Attila's capital has not been determined. Owing to its fertile soil (predominantly brown silty clay loam ), the area around Soest is believed to have been settled well before the village is first mentioned in the Dagobertsche Schenkung in 836. Excavations in recent decades have uncovered signs of habitation stretching back more than 4000 years. During

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324-817: The House of La Marck after Adolf's elder brother Count Engelbert III had died without issue in 1391. King Sigismund of Germany raised Count Adolph I to the status of a duke and a Prince of the Holy Roman Empire in 1417, and the county became a duchy . The Cleves-Mark territories became one of the most significant estates of the Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle in 1500, rivaled by the Prince-Bishops of Münster . In 1511 John III of La Marck , son of Duke John II of Cleves , married Maria and her estates and titles were then merged with

351-664: The Netherlands . In the early 11th century Emperor Henry II entrusted the administration of the Klever Reichswald , a large forested area around the Kaiserpfalz at Nijmegen directly subordinate to the Imperial rule, to local Lower Lorrainian nobles at Geldern and Kleve. A County of Cleves ( German : Grafschaft Kleve ; Dutch : Graafschap Kleef ) was first mentioned in the 11th century. Dietrich I

378-546: The 11th and 12th centuries, Soest grew considerably, making it one of the largest towns in Westphalia with some 10,000 citizens. It was also, until 1609, an important member of the Hanseatic League . In the geographical work Atar Al-Belad composed by Iranian scholar Mohammad Qazvini (1203-1283), Soest is described for its salt production and referred to as a "Slavic country": “There is a salty spring, while there

405-601: The Duchy of Cleves. Upon the death of his father-in-law Duke William IV , John inherited the fiefs of Jülich and Berg through his wife. When John III succeeded his father as Duke of Cleves in 1521, the states of Jülich, Berge, Cleves and Mark formed the United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg . His daughter Anne of Cleves (1515–1557) even became Queen Consort of England for a few months in 1540, as her brother William , duke since 1539, quarreled with Emperor Charles V over

432-785: The Great Elector Frederick William I of Brandenburg in 1666 and part of the Kingdom of Prussia after 1701, Cleves was occupied by French forces in the Seven Years' War (1757–1762). In the 1795 Peace of Basel the Duchy of Cleves west of the Rhine and Wesel was ceded to France , and became part of the French département of the Roer . The rest of the duchy was occupied between 1803 and 1805, and became part of

459-691: The Margrave of Brandenburg; Neuburg was a cadet branch of the House of Wittelsbach . According to the 1614 Treaty of Xanten , Brandenburg received Cleves-Mark and Neuburg received Jülich-Berg. The Hohenzollern margraves thereby got a first foothold in the Rhineland ; however, large parts of the Duchy of Cleves were occupied by the United Provinces until the Franco-Dutch War in 1672. Finally incorporated into Brandenburg-Prussia by

486-573: The last Duke of Cleves died in 1609, his dukedom was inherited by Brandenburg and, after a short siege, Soest was incorporated into it. The painter Peter Lely , later to win fame in England, was born in 1618 in Soest to Dutch parents, where his father was an officer serving in the armed forces of Elector Johann Sigismund of Brandenburg . During and after the Thirty Years' War , Soest suffered

513-515: The possession of Guelders and sought support from King Henry VIII . John William was the son of William and the last duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berge. He died without issue in 1609, and the War of the Jülich Succession broke out between the heirs of his two eldest sisters: Maria Eleonora, Duchess of Prussia , and Anna, Countess of Neuburg . Marie Eleonore's daughter Marie was married to

540-875: The puppet-state Grand Duchy of Berg . In 1815, after the defeat of Napoleon , the duchy became part of the Prussian Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg , which was combined with the Grand Duchy of the Lower Rhine to form the Prussian Rhine Province in 1822. The cities Gennep , Zevenaar , and Huissen became part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands as a result of the 1815 Congress of Vienna . The House of Cleves considers itself to be descended from Rutger von Antoing,

567-773: The southwest. In addition, an American Nike Battery (66th Battalion) was situated just south of the town, and was subsequently turned over to the German military. From 1971 to 1993, the former Canadian properties, including the Married Quarters along Hiddingser Weg, south of the B-1, were used and occupied by British military personnel and their families. With the eventual closure of the Belgian and British army facilities, many of these properties were re-purposed for civilian use, abandoned, or demolished. The former Married Quarters area

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594-408: The title Soest . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soest&oldid=1248455300 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description

621-707: The town. Though retaken by a German counterattack shortly thereafter, destructive front-line combat continued to rage in Soest and its environs at the eastern edge of the Ruhr Pocket until the Allies ultimately gained permanent control. From 1953 to 1971, a sizable garrison of Canadian soldiers and their families was stationed at Soest (with the Canadian camps located just east of the town in Bad Sassendorf), as well as at Werl and Hemer-Iserlohn and Deilinghofen to

648-659: Was a state of the Holy Roman Empire which emerged from the medieval Hettergau  [ de ] . It was situated in the northern Rhineland on both sides of the Lower Rhine , around its capital Cleves and the towns of Wesel , Kalkar , Xanten , Emmerich , Rees and Duisburg bordering the lands of the Prince-Bishopric of Münster in the east and the Duchy of Brabant in the west. Its history

675-613: Was converted to civilian housing. The former CANEX (the Canadian Army's food and clothing store for NATO families) was converted to a NAAFI under the British and finally demolished in 2006. The city is home to a major branch of the South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences (also: Fachhochschule Südwestfalen (FH SWF)) which offers various engineering, and Business Administration programmes. Soest has

702-551: Was placed in Gau Westphalia-South. During World War II , the Stalag VI-E prisoner-of-war camp for Polish, French, Belgian and British POWs was operated in the town. Soest was the target of several allied bomber raids targeting the marshalling yard , one of the biggest in the Reich, and the important battery factory Akku Hagen. In early April 1945, Soest suffered from major fighting as Allied forces captured

729-620: Was the first Count of Cleves and reigned from 1092 through 1119. In 1283, Cleves fought in the War of the Limburg Succession and helped weaken the powerful Electorate of Cologne . In 1355 Zevenaar passed from the control of the Duchy of Guelders to the County of Cleves. Upon the death of Count Johann in 1368, the fief was inherited by his nephew Adolf III of the Marck . Cleves and the Marck were finally ruled in personal union by

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