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28-507: Sofiyivka is a scenic landmark of world gardening design at the beginning of the 19th century. The park accounts for over 2,000 types of trees and brush (local and exotic) among which are taxodium (marsh cypress), Weymouth Pine , tulip tree , platanus , ginkgo , and many others. Since 1980, the director of the park is the member-correspondent of the Academy of Sciences, doctor of biological sciences Ivan Kosenko. In 1985, small planet #2259

56-416: A golden shuttle. Odysseus comes to wish for circumstances to change. He can no longer bear being separated from his wife, Penelope , and wants to tell Calypso. He spends the daytime sitting on a headland or at the sea-shore crying, while at night he is forced to sleep with her in the cave against his will. His patron goddess Athena asks Zeus to order the release of Odysseus from the island; Zeus orders

84-515: A mushroom, that's why the area on the hill on the right side from the entrance is called 'Mushroom'. The gazebo was renovated in 1994. On the right side of main alley (between Main Entrance and Taypersk Rock), cypresses and pine trees are growing. These trees were planted in 1891. This area was called "Small Switzerland" before the beginning of World War II. 'Taypersk Rock' is located on the right side of main alley after Small Switzerland. This rock

112-538: A place beyond the sea reserved for a special class of honoured people" and "to prepare for the voyage he has to cut down and trim timbers". A fragment from the Catalogue of Women , erroneously attributed to Hesiod, claimed that Calypso detained Odysseus for years as a favour to Poseidon , the sea-god who detested Odysseus for blinding his son Polyphemus . According to Hyginus , Calypso killed herself because of her love for Odysseus. In her poem Calypso Watching

140-506: Is 14m tall), locks , subterranean river Acheron (length-224m), fountains, etc. The opening ceremony was also honoured by Stanisław Trembecki , who wrote a poem praising the park and its namesake. The park is decorated with a number of sculptures, mostly antique ones, and artificial cliffs, grottoes, and gazebos. The park was confiscated from private possession after the Polish November Uprising in 1832 and transferred to

168-414: Is currently a subject of ongoing research. The three extant taxa of Taxodium are treated here as distinct species, though some botanists treat them in just one or two species, with the others considered as varieties of the first described. The three are distinct in ecology , growing in different environments, but hybridise where they meet. The trees are especially prized for their wood , of which

196-566: Is decorated by statues of Hermes and Venus. To the east of the statue of Cupid on the left side are the granite steps that lead to the grottoes Loketek and Nut. They are created on the first period of construction of the Sofiyivsky park in Ukraine. Nut Grotto is located on the right side. He completes the composition of the Valley giants. In the grotto carved granite Not lava, and next to it

224-502: Is made three-stage waterfall. Taxodium Taxodium / t æ k ˈ s oʊ d i ə m / is a genus of one to three species (depending on taxonomic opinion) of extremely flood -tolerant conifers in the cypress family, Cupressaceae . The name is derived from the Latin word taxus , meaning " yew ", and the Greek word εἶδος ( eidos ), meaning "similar to." Within

252-533: Is named after the South-Eastern wall of Capitol fortress of Ancient Rome, and it has a wooden gazebo on it. During the rule of Potockiy, this point was the end of the park. Before the Flore Pavilion, on the left, you can see a spring - "Silver Sources". This natural source of water is decorated in antique style and was constructed in 1974. The main alley ends with "Flora Pavilion". It is located on

280-450: Is now called "The House of Science Art", is located nearby. This building has original architecture with observation area on the top. Besides a museum, the building has a hotel, restaurant, and sauna. Long time the entrance of the park was decorated with Black Poplars (trees with triangle shape). From "Sofiyivka" park, these trees became very popular all around Russian Empire. Before 1996, on the right side from entrance, small historical museum

308-537: The Odyssey , Calypso bore Odysseus a son, Latinus , though Circe is usually given as Latinus' mother. In other accounts, Calypso bore Odysseus two children, Nausithous and Nausinous . The story of Odysseus and Calypso has some close resemblances to the interactions between Gilgamesh and Siduri in the Epic of Gilgamesh in that "the lone female plies the inconsolable hero-wanderer with drink and sends him off to

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336-574: The Pliocene . New World Species : Calypso (mythology) In Greek mythology , Calypso ( / k ə ˈ l ɪ p s oʊ / ; Ancient Greek : Καλυψώ , romanized :  Kalupsō , lit.   'she who conceals') was a nymph who lived on the island of Ogygia , where, according to Homer 's Odyssey , she detained Odysseus for seven years against his will. She promised Odysseus immortality if he would stay with her, but Odysseus preferred to return home. Eventually, after

364-423: The heartwood is extremely rot - and termite -resistant. The heartwood contains a sesquiterpene called cypressene, which acts as a natural preservative . It takes decades for cypressene to accumulate in the wood, so lumber taken from old-growth trees is more rot resistant than that from second-growth trees. However, age also increases susceptibility to Pecky Rot fungus ( Stereum taxodii ), which attacks

392-517: The shoots , twisted at the base so as to appear in two flat rows on either side of the shoot. The cones are globose, 0.8–1.4 in (2–3.5 cm) diameter, with 10–25 scales, each scale with one or two seeds ; they are mature in 7–9 months after pollination , when they disintegrate to release the seeds. The male ( pollen ) cones are produced in pendulous racemes , and shed their pollen in early spring. Taxodium species grow cypress knees , when growing in or beside water. The function of these knees

420-668: The Kiev Official Chamber. The same year Nikolai I presented the park to his wife Alexandra Feodorovna . In 1836–59, the park was a property of the Military Settlements Administration and was majorly changed. It is one of the world-famous garden-park art creations. There are many scenic areas in the park including waterfalls, fountains, ponds, and a stone garden. It is one of the most famous examples of late 18th or early 19th century European landscape garden design that has been preserved to

448-597: The Ocean , Letitia Landon describes her as eternally yearning for Odysseus' return and comments on the folly of such obsession. Philosophers have written about the meaning of Calypso in the world of ancient Greece. Ryan Patrick Hanley commented on the interpretation of Calypso in Les Aventures de Télémaque written by Fénelon . Hanley says that the story of Calypso illustrates the link between Eros and pride. Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer brought attention to

476-609: The family, Taxodium is most closely related to Chinese swamp cypress ( Glyptostrobus pensilis ) and sugi ( Cryptomeria japonica ). Species of Taxodium occur in the southern part of the North American continent and are deciduous in the north and semi-evergreen to evergreen in the south. They are large trees , reaching 100–150 ft (30–46 m) tall and 6.5–10 ft (2–3 m) (exceptionally 36 ft or 11 m) trunk diameter. The needle-like leaves , 0.2–0.8 in (0.5–2 cm) long, are borne spirally on

504-687: The heartwood and causes some damaged trees to become hollow and thus useless for timber. Bald Cypress wood was much used in former days in the southeastern United States for roof shingles . The shredded bark of these trees is used as a mulch . In earth's history Taxodium was much more widespread in the Northern Hemisphere than today. The oldest fossils were found in Late Cretaceous deposits from North America. The trees persisted in Europe until around 2.5 million years ago, during

532-519: The intervention of the other gods , Calypso was forced to let Odysseus go. The name Calypso derives from the Ancient Greek καλύπτω ( kalyptō ), meaning ' to cover ' , ' to conceal ' , or ' to hide ' ; as such, her name translates to ' she who conceals ' as she conceals Odysseus from the rest of the world, keeping him on her island. According to the medieval dictionary Etymologicum Magnum , her name means ' concealing

560-537: The knowledge ' (from Greek : καλύπτουσα το διανοούμενον , romanized :  kalýptousa to dianooúmenon ), which – combined with the Homeric epithet δολόεσσα ( dolóessa , meaning ' subtle ' or ' wily ' ) – justifies the reclusive character of Calypso and her island. Calypso is generally said to be the daughter of the Titan Atlas . Her mother is mostly unnamed, but Hyginus wrote that it

588-664: The messenger Hermes to tell Calypso to set Odysseus free, for it was not Odysseus's destiny to live with her forever. She angrily comments on how the gods hate goddesses having affairs with mortals. Calypso provides Odysseus with an axe, drill, and adze to build a boat. Calypso leads Odysseus to an island where he can chop down trees and make planks for his boat. Calypso also provides him with wine, bread, clothing, and more materials for his boat. The goddess then sets wind at his back when he sets sail. After seven years Odysseus has built his boat and leaves Calypso. Homer does not mention any children by Calypso. By some accounts that came after

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616-816: The parents of Circe , perhaps due to her association with Circe; the two goddesses were sometimes confused due to their behaviour and connection to Odysseus. According to a fragment from the Catalogue of Women , Calypso bore the Cephalonians to Hermes as suggested by Hermes' visits to her island in the Odyssey . In Homer 's Odyssey , Calypso tries to keep the fabled Greek hero Odysseus on her island to make him her immortal husband, while he also gets to enjoy her sensual pleasures forever. According to Homer, Calypso kept Odysseus prisoner by force at Ogygia for seven years. Calypso enchants Odysseus with her singing as she moves to and from weaving on her loom with

644-613: The present time. The Sofiyivsky Park was named one of the Seven Wonders of Ukraine on 21 August 2007, based on voting by experts and the Internet community. By original idea of the architect, the park illustrates different parts of Homer 's poems Odyssey and Iliad . The park starts with "Main entrance" on Sadova Street. The central alley starts after the main entrance. Main entrance towers, which were built in 1850–1852, are still standing there. A tourist service center, which

672-457: The square where several roads are taking beginning in different directions. Compositional decision of the central zone of Sofiyivka in Ukraine based on scenes from the mythology of Ancient Greece and Rome, and some places are imitation of habitations of the Greek gods, heroes, writers and philosophers. On the contrary, Thunder grotto (the grotto of Calypso ) is a water pipeline to supply. That area

700-623: Was Pleione , mother of the Pleiades . Hesiod , and the Homeric Hymn to Demeter , mention either a different Calypso or possibly the same Calypso as one of the Oceanid daughters of Tethys and Oceanus . Apollodorus includes the name Calypso in his list of Nereids , the daughters of Nereus and Doris . John Tzetzes makes her a daughter of Helios and the Oceanid nymph Perse ,

728-584: Was estimated at 15 million złoty , a fortune by contemporary standards. The main contractor was Ludwik Metzel , a Polish military engineer who imported many rare plants from all around Europe. He employed the local serfs as his main labor force. The land for the park was highly undeveloped with numerous ravines and divided by the Kamianka river. The main composition of the park is located by the very same river with series of artificial basins and ponds (Upper-8 ha, Lower-1.5 ha, and others), waterfalls (the highest one

756-471: Was located. It was built in 1957 and was used as a laboratory. After 1980 it was modified to museum to train guides. In 1996 all exhibits were moved to administrative building. Now from the place of former museum you can see granitic cliffs and small "Geneva lake" which appeared here in the 1930s. On the glade up the Geneva lake, a small gazebo was built for the guard soldier. The shape of the gazebo looked like

784-463: Was named "Sofiyivka" after this park. The English landscape garden was founded in 1796 by Count Stanisław Szczęsny Potocki , a Polish noble who rebuilt Uman after a peasant uprising . The city of Uman at that time was part of the Russian Empire . The park is named after his Greek wife Sofia . It was a gift of Stanislaw Potocki to his wife on her birthday. The cost of the original park

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