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20-713: The oldest known mention of Solec dates back to 1263, when it was part of the Duchy of Kuyavia within fragmented Piast -ruled Poland . From 1267 it was part of the Polish Duchy of Inowrocław , which in the 14th century was transformed into the Inowrocław Voivodeship of the Kingdom of Poland , which soon became part of the larger Greater Poland Province . In 1325 Duke Przemysł of Inowrocław vested Solec with town rights , which were confirmed by various Polish kings in

40-824: A chequered co-existence, with Piast rulers like Mieszko I, Casimir I the Restorer or Władysław I Herman trying to protect the Polish state by treaties, oath of allegiances and marriage alliances with the Imperial Ottonian and Salian dynasties. The Bohemian Přemyslid dynasty , the Hungarian Arpads and their Anjou successors, the Kievan Rus' , later also the State of the Teutonic Order and

60-1259: A crescent, which became the coat of arms of the Duchy of Silesia . Piast kings and rulers of Poland appear in list form in the following table. For a list of all rulers, see List of Polish monarchs . JuraPark Solec Look for JuraPark Solec on one of Misplaced Pages's sister projects : [REDACTED] Wiktionary (dictionary) [REDACTED] Wikibooks (textbooks) [REDACTED] Wikiquote (quotations) [REDACTED] Wikisource (library) [REDACTED] Wikiversity (learning resources) [REDACTED] Commons (media) [REDACTED] Wikivoyage (travel guide) [REDACTED] Wikinews (news source) [REDACTED] Wikidata (linked database) [REDACTED] Wikispecies (species directory) Misplaced Pages does not have an article with this exact name. Please search for JuraPark Solec in Misplaced Pages to check for alternative titles or spellings. You need to log in or create an account and be autoconfirmed to create new articles. Alternatively, you can use

80-648: Is buried in Trzebnica Abbey . Nevertheless, numerous families, like the illegitimate descendants of the Silesian duke Adam Wenceslaus of Cieszyn (1574–1617), link their genealogy to the dynasty. About 1295, Przemysł II used a coat of arms with a white eagle – a symbol later referred to as the Piast coat of arms or as the Piast Eagle . The Silesian Piasts in the 14th century used an eagle modified by

100-514: Is the local historic museum. South of Solec Kujawski there is the longwave-transmitter Solec Kujawski . The local football team is Unia Solec Kujawski  [ pl ] . It competes in the lower leagues. Piast dynasty The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland . The first documented Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I ( c.  960 –992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with

120-671: The Civitas Schinesghe from about 960. The Piasts temporarily also ruled over Pomerania , Bohemia and the Lusatias , as well as part of Ruthenia , and the Hungarian Spiš region in present-day Slovakia . The ruler bore the title of a duke or a king , depending on their position of power. The Polish monarchy had to deal with the expansionist policies of the Holy Roman Empire in the west, resulting in

140-607: The Grand Duchy of Lithuania were mighty neighbours. The Piast position was decisively enfeebled by an era of fragmentation following the 1138 Testament of Bolesław III Wrymouth . For nearly 150 years, the Polish state shattered into several duchies, with the Piast duke against the formally valid principle of agnatic seniority fighting for the throne at Kraków , the capital of the Lesser Polish Seniorate Province . Numerous dukes like Mieszko III

160-500: The Selbstschutz and shot in the municipal park. Others were imprisoned by the Selbstschutz , beaten unconscious and murdered on the spot or at the local market. On the outskirts of the town, the Selbstschutz murdered at least 50 Poles, who hailed from Pomerania . The town was subjected to harsh Germanisation policies, Polish schools were closed down, and the usage of the Polish language was forbidden. The Germans destroyed both

180-469: The article wizard to submit a draft for review, or request a new article . Search for " JuraPark Solec " in existing articles. Look for pages within Misplaced Pages that link to this title . Other reasons this message may be displayed: If a page was recently created here, it may not be visible yet because of a delay in updating the database; wait a few minutes or try the purge function . Titles on Misplaced Pages are case sensitive except for

200-626: The German invasion of Poland , Wehrmacht soldiers and local German minority members murdered 44 people from the town already on September 14. Some of the victims were brutally beaten with rifles (up to the point that they broke apart). The town was then occupied by Germany until 1945. 42 Poles from Solec were executed by the Germans in October and early November 1939 in various places in the town. Some Poles were dragged out of their homes at night by

220-738: The Old , Władysław III Spindleshanks or Leszek I the White were crowned, only to be overthrown shortly afterwards, and others restored and ousted, at times repeatedly. The senior branch of the Silesian Piasts, descendants of Bolesław III Wrymouth 's eldest son Duke Władysław II the Exile , went separate ways and since the 14th century were vassals of the Bohemian Crown . After the Polish royal line and Piast junior branch had died out in 1370,

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240-560: The Polish crown fell to the Anjou king Louis I of Hungary , son of late King Casimir's sister Elizabeth Piast . The Masovian branch of the Piasts became extinct with the death of Duke Janusz III in 1526. The last ruling duke of the Silesian Piasts was George William of Legnica who died in 1675. His uncle Count August of Legnica , the last male Piast, died in 1679. The last legitimate heir, Duchess Karolina of Legnica-Brieg died in 1707 and

260-612: The death of King Casimir III the Great . Branches of the Piast dynasty continued to rule in the Duchy of Masovia (until 1526) and in the Duchies of Silesia until the last male Silesian Piast died in 1675. The Piasts intermarried with several noble lines of Europe, and possessed numerous titles, some within the Holy Roman Empire . The Jagiellonian kings ruling after the death of Casimir IV of Poland were also descended in

280-577: The female line from Casimir III's daughter. The early dukes and kings of Poland are said to have regarded themselves as descendants of the semi-legendary Piast the Wheelwright ( Piast Kołodziej ), first mentioned in the Cronicae et gesta ducum sive principum Polonorum (Chronicles and deeds of the dukes or princes of the Poles), written c. 1113 by Gallus Anonymus . However, the term "Piast Dynasty"

300-474: The following centuries. In the First Partition of Poland in 1772, the town was annexed by Prussia , which introduced Germanisation policies, confiscated Polish estates and limited Polish education. In 1807 Solec was regained by Poles and included within the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw , and in 1815 it was re-annexed by Prussia, initially as part of the semi-autonomous Grand Duchy of Poznań . After

320-573: The memorial and the tombstone of Polish insurgents of 1918–1919. About 1,000 Poles were expelled from Solec to the General Government , and some were also deported to Nazi concentration camps . Jan Mąkowski, local Catholic parish priest in the 1920s, was imprisoned in the Stutthof and Sachsenhausen concentration camps, and killed in the latter in 1940. The Germans brought English , Italian , French and Russian prisoners of war to

340-637: The outbreak of World War II , the Poles were preparing for the German invasion, while the local German minority members were preparing to carry out crimes against Poles. Local Germans carried out acts of sabotage against the Polish Army even before the German army entered the town on September 7, 1939, and afterwards they were organized into the Selbstschutz whose task was to exterminate Poles. During

360-482: The town as forced labour . In the final stages of the war Solec was restored to Poland. The memorial and the tombstone of Polish insurgents of 1918–1919 were rebuilt, and a new monument, which also commemorates the fallen in World War II, was erected in 1999. The dinosaur park JuraPark Solec  [ pl ] is located in the town. The Duke Przemysł Museum of Solec ( Muzeum Solca im. księcia Przemysła )

380-564: The unsuccessful Polish November Uprising of 1830–1831, Germanisation policies intensified, and in 1832 the Prussians completely removed the Polish language from offices. After World War I , in 1918, Poland regained independence, and the Greater Poland Uprising broke out, which goal was to reunite the region and town with Poland. A battle was fought nearby, and the town was eventually reintegrated with Poland. Just before

400-436: Was not applied until the 17th century. In a historical work, the expression Piast dynasty was introduced by the Polish historian Adam Naruszewicz ; it is not documented in contemporary sources. The first "Piasts", probably of Polan descent, appeared around 940 in the territory of Greater Poland at the stronghold of Giecz . Shortly afterwards they relocated their residence to Gniezno , where Prince Mieszko I ruled over

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