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66-485: It is supposed to be the functional replacement for the Social Encounter Party , a Christian-oriented, social conservative party which lost its registration after failing to attract sufficient vote share in the 2018 general election . All the structure that is participating today is Encuentro Social ... Basically the structure from 2014 is the same people that are doing the job. There are no changes in

132-469: A double entendre referring to women in relation to the number of sexual relations they have had in their lifetime. Ochoa Reza's tweet apologized to dark-skinned people but not to women. Later Sinembargo.mx revealed that José Antonio Meade justified Enrique Ochoa's usage of the expression, by saying: uno se excede y es natural (English: one gets-ahead-of-themselves and it is natural) and saying that his quick apology talked positively about him. In March,

198-454: A López Obrador victory would turn Mexico into "another Venezuela". In a speech, PRI president Enrique Ochoa Reza said that "if the people from MORENA like Venezuela so much, they should just go and live there". The PRI was believed to have hired Venezuelan right-wing political strategist JJ Rendón to work in their campaign, as he stated in January that he would do "everything within

264-580: A consequence, he feared for the safety of his, and his family's lives. Additionally as of 2018, many of the politicians of the PRI political party who supported Peña Nieto during his presidential campaign would be later declared criminals by the Mexican government (some already elected, while others were campaigning concurrently with Peña Nieto, and would be elected), near the end of Peña Nieto's time as president. A total of 22 state ex-governors, all members from

330-615: A lawyer, former deputy and wife of former president Felipe Calderón , had originally intended to run as the PAN nominee; however, on 6 October, she left the party and launched an independent bid. Explaining her decision, she said that the formation of Por México al Frente meant there would be no internal PAN selection, denying her a chance to be a candidate. Jaime Rodríguez Calderón , the independent governor of Nuevo León , also announced his candidacy, as did Senator Armando Ríos Piter . The National Indigenous Congress announced on 28 May 2017

396-689: A month than towards investigating Peña Nieto's Odebretch money and Meade's lost Secretariat of Social Development funds over the last six years. Santiago Nieto said the PGR and FEPADE were only attacking the rivals of the PRI, and the investigating organizations were not being neutral. In an interview with The Wall Street Journal , Santiago Nieto would later reveal that Peña Nieto's government tried to bribe him to keep him silent, which he refused saying, "Sorry, but I can't receive any money from Peña Nieto." He received menacing phone messages stating: "Death follows you" and "Words of advice: stay out of Trouble", and as

462-543: A new President of Mexico to serve a six-year term, 128 members of the Senate for a period of six years and 500 members of the Chamber of Deputies for a period of three years. It was one of the largest election days in Mexican history, with most of the nation's states holding state and local elections on the same day, including nine governorships, with over 3,400 positions subject to elections at all levels of government. It

528-423: A pun on the word PRI-etos (because morena is a synonym for prieto ). The expression was criticized, and Ochoa Reza quickly deleted the tweet as it was interpreted to be racist. Aristegui Noticias published that Ochoa Reza apologized, and also criticized the insensitive expression, additionally commenting that the part que ya no aprietan (who cannot hold) could also be interpreted as misogynistic due to being

594-587: A single presidential candidate achieved majorities in the Senate and Chamber of Deputies . This election also represented the PRI's greatest electoral setback and the worst for a sitting Mexican administration since universal male suffrage was implemented in 1917. The country's president is elected by plurality in a single round of voting. The 500 members of the Chamber of Deputies are elected to three-year terms by two methods; 300 are elected in single-member constituencies by first-past-the-post voting , with

660-563: Is part of the Por México al Frente coalition, along with the PAN and the PRD) and performed by an indigenous child called Yuawi, became popular and Yuawi turned into a celebrity overnight. Drawing on its success, the pre-candidate for the Frente, Ricardo Anaya recorded a video in which he performed the song with Yuawi. PRI candidate José Antonio Meade was accused of plagiarism when it

726-707: Is the alliance of the center-right National Action Party (PAN) and the center-left Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) and Citizens' Movement (which both nominated Andrés Manuel López Obrador in the elections of 2006 and 2012) formed in an effort to defeat both the ruling party, the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), and the front-runner Andrés Manuel López Obrador of the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA). On 5 September,

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792-547: Is the coalition composed of the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA), the Labor Party (PT), and the Social Encounter Party (PES). On 12 December Andrés Manuel López Obrador registered as the presumptive nominee for MORENA and submitted his resignation as party president. This was López Obrador's third presidential bid; the previous two attempts were with the PRD . After the 2012 presidential election, López Obrador left

858-607: The Juntos Haremos Historia alliance. This was the first time a candidate won an outright majority (according to official vote counts) since 1988 , and the first time that a candidate not from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) or its predecessors has done so since the Mexican Revolution . Furthermore, it marked the first time that a coalition of political parties (excluding the PRI) supporting

924-590: The Attorney General of the Republic (PGR) started an official investigation into money-laundering allegations against Ricardo Anaya. During the investigation, Santiago Nieto, the ex-chief of FEPADE (the prosecutor's office that focuses on electoral violations) was controversially removed from his job in October 2017, coincidentally right after starting an investigation regarding illicit campaign money from

990-760: The PAN , but in 2013, it allied with the PRI in Baja California instead, which led it to elect a state deputy to a district in Tecate and four council members in Tijuana . In July 2014, it obtained federal registry. After doing so, eight of its nine political assemblies were nullified, as bribes were given to attendees. The party was primarily composed of Evangelical Christians, though it has declared itself as "not religious" in character. The 2015 legislative elections

1056-450: The Pemex leader at the time, Lozoya, was legally stopped after a judge controversially ordered it days after. Santiago Nieto said that the PGR was being used by Peña Nieto's government to tamper with elections and benefit Meade by removing Anaya from the race, complaining that it was a politically motivated use of law-enforcement agencies, which had made more efforts to investigate Anaya in

1122-459: The states and 32 elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation . In the three-member constituencies, two winning candidates shall be allocated to the party receiving the highest number of votes and one seat to the party receiving the second-highest number of votes. Members may hold office for up to two terms. Por México al Frente (English: "For Mexico to the Front")

1188-474: The 2012 presidential campaign that allegedly was received by Peña Nieto and by the future president of Pemex , Emilio Lozoya , from the Brazilian conglomerate Odebrecht . The ex-chief of FEPADE said that the accusations against Anaya were minor in comparison to Odebretch and Peña Nieto scandal, adding also the same opinion about the money lost by Secretariat of Social Development , to corrupt governors from

1254-666: The INE decision on a 6–1 vote in October 2020. In the 2021 Mexican legislative election , PES achieved less than the 3% of the vote needed to keep its registry as a valid national party, so it lost its registry once again, as it previously did under the guise of the Social Encounter Party. The party lost its official national registration on August 30, 2021. It maintains registration in some states for subnational elections. Social Encounter Party Social Encounter Party ( Spanish : Partido Encuentro Social , PES )

1320-593: The Necessities of Each Person). Citizens on social media mocked the idea as absurd and impossible to develop, comparing it to writing letters to Santa Claus or just plainly asking for miracles. Meade has supported Peña Nieto's energy reforms, saying that "everyone wins with the gasolinazo ", and announcing that if he won he intended to continue it. López Obrador promised to end the gasolinazos by building two new fuel refineries, which would allow more petroleum to be processed into gasoline domestically, thus lowering

1386-583: The PAN on 6 October, after being a member for 33 years, and registered as an independent candidate six days later. She sought the presidency through an independent bid, but withdrew on 16 May 2018. Nominee Todos por México (English: "Everyone for Mexico") is the coalition composed of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM), and the New Alliance Party (PANAL). On 9 August 2017,

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1452-657: The PES gubernatorial candidate in the state of San Luis Potosí compared homosexuality to drug trafficking and violence . Likewise, it opposed abortion and pornographic magazines. Other proposals made by the PES included shifting the collection of value-added tax to the states instead of the federal government and consolidating it with income tax . 2018 Mexican general election Enrique Peña Nieto PRI Andrés Manuel López Obrador MORENA General elections were held in Mexico on 1 July 2018. Voters elected

1518-533: The PES was assigned to choose 75 deputies and 16 senators. The alliance has received criticism as it was a coalition between two leftist parties (MORENA and the PT) with a formation related to the evangelical right (PES). In response, the national president of MORENA, Yeidckol Polevnsky , mentioned that her party believes in inclusion, joint work to "rescue Mexico" and that they will continue to defend human rights, while Hugo Eric Flores Cervantes, national president of

1584-482: The PES winning 35 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and seven in the Senate , its standalone performance was poor. The PES itself failed to attract three percent of the vote in the elections for president, federal deputies, and senators, which under Mexican law prompted the loss of its federal registry and the appointment of a liquidator by the Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE) to dispose of

1650-609: The PES, mentioned that "the only possibility of real change in our country is the one headed by Andrés Manuel López Obrador" and that his party had decided to be "on the right side of history." Results and dissolution The results for the Juntos Haremos Historia coalition were strong; López Obrador was elected president in a landslide victory, as well as winning five of the nine state governorships (one of them for PES candidate Cuauhtémoc Blanco in Morelos ), and

1716-450: The PGR was being used to protect the allies of Peña Nieto and the PRI, and attack their rivals. López Obrador said that failure to take action against Duarte was one of the main reasons why Mexicans had lost their faith in the PRI, saying the few ex-governors that were declared criminals were only to a pretense of concern. After, Meade decided to change his strategy; and due to his poor reception, Ochoa Reza left his position as president of

1782-561: The PRD to found MORENA. This was MORENA's first presidential election. Joining MORENA in the Juntos Haremos Historia coalition was the left-wing Labor Party and the right-wing Social Encounter Party. Nominee For the first time in Mexico's modern democratic history, candidates were allowed to run for the presidency as independents. Several people announced their intention to contest the election as an independent candidate. Margarita Zavala ,

1848-439: The PRI held its convention of delegates, where Meade was formally selected as the party's presidential candidate; Meade is the PRI's first presidential candidate in its almost 90-year history not to be a member of the party. Due to the circumstances of Meade's candidacy, critics compared his selection to the PRI's historical practice of dedazo ("tap of the finger"), where presidents hand-picked their successor. The coalition

1914-498: The PRI on 2 May. On 16 May, Margarita Zavala suspended her presidential campaign. Santiago Nieto decided to join AMLO's campaign, with both promising to continue the investigation into the alleged scandal involving Peña Nieto, the PRI and Odebretch. Meanwhile, César Duarte disappeared before being incarcerated, and was subsequently declared a fugitive from justice by the PGR. More than 130 political figures were killed from when

1980-402: The PRI revised its requirements for presidential candidates, eliminating the requirement that candidates must have 10 years of party membership, and allowing non-party members to lead the party. This move benefited finance secretary José Antonio Meade Kuribreña , who is not a member of the PRI, as well as education secretary Aurelio Nuño Mayer , whose length of membership was questioned. Meade

2046-597: The PRI such as Javier Duarte , all while José Antonio Meade was the man in charge of the Secretariat of Social Development. The scandal is known as La Estafa Maestra (The Master Robbery), and about 435 million pesos were lost. The same week the PRI legislators were criticized for voting for stopping the investigation of Odebretch against the wishes of Mexican people and organizations campaigning against corruption such as Mexicanos contra la corrupción (Mexicans against corruption). The investigation about Odebretch against

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2112-458: The PRI, were accused of misuse of public funds and misdirection of money (with some money speculated to have been directed to the PRI); only five were sent to jail, with PGR receiving criticism for not investigating further. Among the most prominent criminals were: Tomás Yarrington from Tamaulipas (along his predecessor Eugenio Hernández Flores ), Javier Duarte from Veracruz , César Duarte Jáquez from Chihuahua (no family relation between

2178-640: The PT approved to stand for election in 2018 in an electoral alliance with MORENA; however the coalition was not officially registered before the National Electoral Institute , the electoral authorities of the country. For MORENA, the alliance was facilitated as a result of Óscar González Yáñez , the PT gubernatorial candidate in the State of Mexico, withdrawing from the race and endorsing MORENA candidate Delfina Gómez Álvarez . At first, there

2244-479: The campaign began in September 2017 until July 2018. López Obrador promised to end many of the benefits received by ex-presidents, particularly the lifelong pension they receive. He added that he would redirect the money saved to be used to help senior citizens. Zavala said she would also attempt to end the practice, though she had not decided how to use the money saved, while Meade and Anaya said they would keep

2310-468: The coalition resulted in the election of 55 federal deputies and 7 senators belonging to the party. However, the party failed to attract three percent of the vote in the elections for president, federal deputies, and senators, which under Mexican law prompts the loss of its federal registry and the appointment of a liquidator by the INE to dispose of the national party's assets. The PES and New Alliance Party ,

2376-512: The country received phone calls originating in the city of Puebla , in which a recorded message warned them not to vote for López Obrador because he supposedly agreed to sell Mexico's oil to "the Russians". The MORENA representative in Puebla asked for an investigation into the phone calls. In March, telephone company Axtel traced the number that made the calls, revealing it was a number that

2442-494: The country. López Obrador promised that if he won the presidency, Mexico would follow "its own agenda". López Obrador called for a change in security strategy and offered the controversial proposal of giving amnesty for drug dealers as a way to combat the drug cartels. During a debate in April, Rodríguez Calderón said "We have to cut off the hands of those who rob (in public service). It's that simple." He later explained that it

2508-573: The election of María de Jesús Patricio Martínez as their spokeswoman and indigenous representative for the 2018 general election, aiming to obtain an independent candidacy. Only Zavala gathered enough signatures to appear on the ballot; however, on 10 April the Electoral Court accepted an appeal from Rodríguez and ordered the National Electoral Institute to register him as candidate. On 16 May Zavala announced she

2574-489: The electoral alliance was officially registered with the INE as Frente Ciudadano por México (Citizen Front for Mexico). On 8 December the coalition changed its name to Por México al Frente (Mexico to the Front). The next day, Ricardo Anaya Cortés , president of the PAN, resigned from his position and expressed his intent to be the alliance's candidate. The former first lady Margarita Zavala submitted her resignation from

2640-418: The end of November 2017, the leaders of MORENA and the PES announced that they were in talks to form a possible alliance. In this sense, Hugo Eric Flores said, "We don't negotiate with the PRI, we have two options, go alone or with MORENA." On December 13, the coalition between MORENA, the PT and the PES was formalized under the name Juntos Haremos Historia (English: Together we will make history). Following

2706-476: The government of Puebla (whose governor is from the PAN) controlled. Puebla's government denied the accusations. Also in January, López Obrador uploaded a video via social media asking president Peña Nieto and PRI president Ochoa Reza to "calm down", and advised them to take some " López Obradordipine ". A jingle entitled Movimiento Naranja , which was recorded for the political party Movimiento Ciudadano (which

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2772-438: The ideology of the party. Alejandrina Moreno, national coordinator of the PES, on the organization of the new party In 2018, the Social Encounter Party , in its second federal election, ran as part of the Juntos Haremos Historia alliance with the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA) and Labor Party (PT). However, despite the alliance electing the winning presidential candidate— Andrés Manuel López Obrador —and

2838-591: The involvement of religious ministers in party events "a direct and grave violation of the Constitution ". INE councilor Ciro Murayama expressed dismay at the vote, highlighting that the secular state had been damaged and "the legacy of [Benito] Juárez emerges damaged" from the decision. The party's registration was ratified by the TEPJF after it denied a challenge by the National Action Party to

2904-436: The law to prevent López Obrador from becoming President"; Rendón had previously worked for the PRI during Peña Nieto's 2012 presidential campaign. In January, former president Felipe Calderón shared a video on via social media, in which a Venezuelan citizen living in Mexico warned voters not to vote for López Obrador, as he would put Mexico in the "path to ruin" like Chavismo had done in her country. It later surfaced that

2970-403: The law. The result was a marathon session of the INE's General Council on September 5, 2020, which resulted in the board approving the registration of the new PES as a political party on a 6–5 vote; the majority voted to annul only the relevant assemblies, which still left the party over the minimum requirements of members and assemblies. Lorenzo Córdova Vianello , the head of the institute, called

3036-411: The legislature elected in this election will be the first allowed to run for reelection in subsequent elections. The National Electoral Institute (INE) officially declared the new process underway on 8 September 2017. The presidential election was won, by a landslide margin of almost 31 points, by Andrés Manuel López Obrador of the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA), running as the candidate of

3102-532: The money was lost while he was in charge of the Secretariat of Social Development, the government ministry that supervises the resources received by each state. Despite the overwhelming evidence against César Duarte, in March 2018 the PGR found him innocent of any crime. The successor governor Javier Corral from the PAN, who previously fought against the Televisa law , gave a similar opinion to Santiago Nieto, saying

3168-464: The national party's assets. The Social Encounter Party challenged the result and lost, leading to its dissolution on September 3, 2018. In March 2019, the TEPJF rendered a final verdict upholding the party's dissolution. Hours later, Hugo Eric Flores Cervantes announced the registration of a new national political group under the name Partido Encuentro Solidario , using the same initials and relying on

3234-583: The other party to lose its registry after the 2018 elections, challenged the results to no avail and on 3 September 2018, the party was dissolved as it had not reached the 3% of the national vote. PES was reborn as the Solidarity Encounter Party ( Partido Encuentro Solidario ), using the same initials, and granted preliminary recognition to participate in the 2021 Mexican legislative election on September 2, 2020. The PES tended to include many strands of Christian humanist thought and

3300-509: The political infrastructure and party base developed by its now-defunct predecessor. State- and district-level assemblies were held throughout 2019 and early 2020 to meet the federal registration requirements, with 263 district assemblies having taken place by November 2019. Despite meeting the registration requirements, concern arose at the INE about the open participation of 15 registered religious ministers in six district assemblies and Christian organizations, barred from political activity under

3366-467: The practice going. Anaya promised to implement a basic income for Mexican citizens, Anaya said Nobel prize -winning economist Milton Friedman supported the idea. While well received, El Economista criticized how Anaya announced it, and called the idea populist . Meade proposed to create an office that would track the unique needs of each individual citizen, in what he would call Registro Único de Necesidades de Cada Persona (Unique Register of

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3432-636: The price by not outsourcing the refining to other countries. Anaya promised to investigate and do everything to make sure President Peña Nieto is sent to jail for his aforementioned multiple presidential scandals, with López Obrador agreeing and suggesting to up the ante by also investigating every living former president. On 26 January, López Obrador accused the International Monetary Fund of being an accomplice to corruption in Mexican politics and claimed that its policies are in part responsible for poverty, unemployment, and violence in

3498-520: The remaining 200 elected from five regional constituencies by proportional representation , with seats allocated using the simple quotient and largest remainder method . No party is allowed to hold more than 300 seats. Members may hold office for up to four consecutive terms. The 128 members of the Senate are elected to six-year terms, concurrent with the president, and also elected by two methods, with 96 elected in 32 three-member constituencies based on

3564-425: The signing of the agreement, Andrés Manuel López Obrador was appointed as a pre-candidate for the three political formations. It was a partial coalition that promoted López Obrador as a presidential candidate and, with respect to the legislative elections: MORENA was assigned to choose candidates in 150 federal electoral districts and 32 districts to the Senate; PT was assigned to choose 75 deputies and 16 senators, and

3630-423: The two Duartes), and Roberto Borge from Quintana Roo , along their unknown multiple allies who enabled their corruption. Although Peña Nieto was not found to be their ally, by being part of the same political party, there were severely negative consequences to Peña Nieto's image as president, as well as of the PRI. Also, while not a member of the PRI at the time, Meade's image also received damage, because much of

3696-421: The woman, whose name is Carmen Martilez, is an actress who previously had uploaded a video in which she asked for street vendors to be "exterminated". That same month, the PRI began to claim that López Obrador's campaign was supported by "Venezuelan and Russian interests". López Obrador dismissed the accusations and later joked about them, calling himself "Andrés Manuelovich". Later in January, citizens across

3762-428: Was a Mexican conservative political party established on the national level in 2014 and dissolved in 2018. It was part of the coalition Juntos Haremos Historia with the National Regeneration Movement and Mexico's Labor Party for the 2018 Mexican election . It preceded the Solidarity Encounter Party , established as its replacement in 2019 and granted national party status in 2020. The Social Encounter Party

3828-488: Was considered the favorite, because while the PRI was dogged by scandal and controversy, Meade was personally unaffected. On 27 November, Meade resigned from cabinet and announced his intention to be the PRI's candidate in the upcoming election. He quickly received the support of President Peña Nieto and PRI-linked institutions such as the CTM union. With no challengers, Meade became the presumptive nominee. On 18 February 2018,

3894-423: Was founded in 2006 by Dr. Hugo Eric Flores Cervantes , a pastor of a Neo-Pentecostal church that supported Felipe Calderón in the 2006 presidential election . It had previously been a "national political grouping", which does not receive public funding. The party made many of its early successes in the state of Baja California . In 2007, it supported the successful candidacy of José Guadalupe Osuna Millán of

3960-457: Was generally socially conservative , and Flores has stated that it was a "family" party . The Baja California state party used a stylized ichthys in its logo, which was not used by the national organization. The party characterized itself as the "party of the family". It opposed same-sex marriage and was responsible for reforms to the Baja California constitution in 2008 that established marriage as "between one man and one woman". In 2015,

4026-516: Was initially named Meade Ciudadano por México (English: Citizen Meade for Mexico), until the INE deemed it unconstitutional to include a candidate's name within the coalition's name, on the grounds that the presidential candidate would receive advertising from every piece of campaign advertising of the coalition used for local candidates. The coalition subsequently changed its name to Todos por México (Everyone for Mexico). Nominee Juntos Haremos Historia (English: "Together We Will Make History")

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4092-572: Was noted that one of his ads, in which he criticized a "populist" speech on TV, was identical to an ad that was used by Justin Trudeau when he became leader of the Liberal Party of Canada in 2013. Later in February, the PRI's Enrique Ochoa Reza tweeted that PRI politicians who defected to MORENA as Prietos que no aprietan (Dark-skinned people who can't get a hold) while trying to make

4158-400: Was speculation about the possibility of a front grouping all the leftist parties: MORENA, PRD, PT and Citizens' Movement (MC). However, Andrés Manuel López Obrador rejected any kind of agreement due to political differences, especially after the elections in the State of Mexico, when the candidates of the PRD and MC continued with their campaigns refusing to support the candidate of MORENA. At

4224-567: Was the first election where PES participated at a federal level. It managed to obtain eight proportional representation seats in the Chamber of Deputies as a result of obtaining 3.3 percent of the vote. The 2018 Mexican general election was the first general election where the PES participated with a candidate aspiring for the presidency , as the party formed a coalition with left-wing National Regeneration Movement (MORENA) and Labor Party (PT). The parties nominated Andrés Manuel López Obrador as their presidential candidate. On 24 June 2017,

4290-400: Was the most violent campaign Mexico has experienced in recent history, with 130 political figures killed since September 2017. The incumbent president Enrique Peña Nieto was not constitutionally eligible for a second term. Incumbent members of the legislature were term-limited, thus all members of Congress were newly elected. As a consequence of the political reform of 2014, the members of

4356-407: Was withdrawing her candidacy. As in the 2006 and 2012 federal elections, the 2018 campaign featured numerous accusations and attack advertisements directed at the leftist frontrunner candidate Andrés Manuel López Obrador , who contested the elections with the support of his party MORENA . A campaign described as " Red Scare -like" was used by the PRI and PAN candidates to convince voters that

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