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88-585: Taipei Songshan Airport ( IATA : TSA , ICAO : RCSS ) is a city airport and military airbase located in Songshan District , Taipei , Taiwan . The airport covers an area of 182 hectares (450 acres). The civilian section of Songshan Airport has scheduled flights to domestic destinations in Taiwan and international destinations including Seoul , Tokyo , and select cities in China. Songshan serves only

176-755: A Japanese military airbase, the Taihoku Airfield ( Japanese : 臺北飛行場 , Hepburn : Taihoku Hikōjō ) , also known as Matsuyama Airfield ( 松山飛行場 ) . In 1937, Matsuyama Airfield was occupied by the Japanese Navy's Kanoya Air Group and its Type 96 G3M bombers for bombing positions on Chinese positions. On August 14, 1937, an 18-bomber mission launched from Matsuyama Airfield targeted Jianqiao Airfield in Zhejiang Province and Guangde Airfield in Anhui Province, both in China. The raid

264-540: A garrison was established in 1721 near the site of present-day Taichung Park by Lan Ting-chen. North of the city, on the Dajia River , an aboriginal revolt broke out in 1731 after Chinese officials moved in and compelled them to provide labor. The revolt spread through the city as far south as Changhua County in May 1732 before the rebels were chased into the mountains by Qing forces. In 1786, another rebellion against

352-417: A large number of temples, many of which hold historic and cultural value. According to a 2018 survey by the city government, Taichung is home to 1,012 registered temples, of which 774 are Taoist and 208 are Buddhist . The Goddess Mazu is one of the most popular Deity . Jenn Lann Temple is the starting point of the annual Dajia Mazu Pilgrimage , one of two largest such pilgrimages in Taiwan (along with

440-567: A new airport is built, replacing the old one, leaving the city's new "major" airport (or the only remaining airport) code to no longer correspond with the city's name. The original airport in Nashville, Tennessee, was built in 1936 as part of the Works Progress Administration and called Berry Field with the designation, BNA. A new facility known as Nashville International Airport was built in 1987 but still uses BNA. This

528-619: A railway through the city. However, the provincial capital was ultimately moved to Taipei . After the Qing dynasty lost the Sino-Japanese War in 1895, Taiwan was ceded to Japan by the Treaty of Shimonoseki , and the name of the city was changed to Taichū ( Japanese : 臺中 ) . The Japanese sought to develop the city to make it the first "modern" area of Taiwan and invested in roads, dams, and levees. In 1901, Taichū Chō ( 臺中廳 )

616-416: A reduced number of flights. The continuing growth of Taipei City means that Songshan airport is situated in the heart of downtown Taipei. Compared to Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport , Songshan Airport saves travelers about 30 minutes due to its location inside Taipei City's central business district, but the city suffers from the noise, pollution, restrictions on urban planning , and traffic congestion

704-550: A small portion of the international flights for Taipei compared to the larger Taoyuan International Airport . Songshan Airport is also the base of certain Republic of China Air Force units as part of the Songshan Air Force Base. The Songshan Base Command's main mission is to serve the president and vice president of Taiwan . The airport was built on 28 March 1936 during Japanese rule with its origins as

792-506: A specialized lane, a first in Taiwan. The system began operation in July 2014; however, it did little to ameliorate traffic congestion, and was terminated within a year. The lane and specialized bus stops are currently used as a general bus lane, with bus lines 300-310 running through it. Taichung International Airport is the third and newest international airport in Taiwan. It occupies the western corner of Ching Chuan Kang Air Base (CCK) and

880-592: Is 1.3 trillion NTD, second largest after Taipei (5.8 trillion NTD) in Taiwan. Taichung is most famous for its suncakes . Taichung's Chun Shui Tang teahouse ( 春水堂 ) is where bubble tea was invented. Two railways run parallel to each other in Taichung: the Taichung Line , which passes through the urban areas in the interior, and the West Coast Line , which passes through rural areas closer to

968-509: Is GSN and its IATA code is SPN, and some coincide with IATA codes of non-U.S. airports. Canada's unusual codes—which bear little to no similarity with any conventional abbreviation to the city's name—such as YUL in Montréal , and YYZ in Toronto , originated from the two-letter codes used to identify weather reporting stations in the 1930s. The letters preceding the two-letter code follow

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1056-584: Is a special municipality in central Taiwan . Taichung is Taiwan's second-largest city, with more than 2.85 million residents, making it the largest city in Central Taiwan . It serves as the core of the Taichung–Changhua metropolitan area , Taiwan's second-largest metropolitan area. Located in the Taichung Basin , the city was initially developed from several scattered hamlets helmed by

1144-550: Is a crucial part of many Chinese cultures. In Taichung, there are two historic major temples dedicated to Wenchang Dijun , the patron deity of literature: Beitun Wenchang Temple and Nantun Wenchang Temple . The Taichung Confucian Temple is a large and relatively new complex dedicated to Confucius himself. There are also several ancestral shrines in Taichung, notably the Lin Family Ancestral Shrine ,

1232-420: Is a unicameral 46-member City Council. Each member is elected from one of six member districts where each voter has only one vote. Taichung consists of 29 districts, 28 districts and 1 mountain indigenous district. Inner Taichung refers to the eight former districts of Taichung City before the merger with Taichung County on December 25, 2010. Colors indicate statutory language status of Hakka language in

1320-611: Is about 20 kilometers (12 mi) from downtown Taichung City. The current airport replaced Shuinan Airport as Taichung's airport in 2004. In 1915, the Taichung Middle School (台灣公立台中中學校) (now Taichung Municipal Taichung First Senior High School ) was established as the first school for young people in Taiwan. In 1943, the Advanced Academy of Agronomy and Forestry (now National Chung Hsing University ) became an independent entity and moved to Taichung. It

1408-418: Is also known for its bicycle manufacturing. Notable business located in Taichung include Giant Bicycles , SRAM , and TRP Brakes. Taichung's financial center and central business district is the 7th Redevelopment Zone , where many corporation offices are located. The retail sector is another main industry in Taichung. Almost a quarter of all Taichung employees work in the retail sector., Its output value

1496-617: Is available. However, many railway administrations have their own list of codes for their stations, such as the list of Amtrak station codes . Airport codes arose out of the convenience that the practice brought pilots for location identification in the 1930s. Initially, pilots in the United States used the two-letter code from the National Weather Service (NWS) for identifying cities. This system became unmanageable for cities and towns without an NWS identifier, and

1584-506: Is being built in anticipation of a new air route between Taiwan and Japan. The unused Terminal 2 was refurbished to accommodate arriving flights while the main Terminal, now Terminal 1, was rearranged to handle increased passenger traffic. On 29 March 2011, the renovated Terminal 2 was re-opened to handle domestic flights. Similar to Buenos Aires–Aeroparque , London–City , Milan–Linate , and Toronto–Billy Bishop airports, Songshan Airport

1672-409: Is currently in the process of expansion to better accommodate international flights. On 6 March 2009, Japan and Taiwan signed a memorandum of understanding on the revision of Taiwan–Japan bilateral traffic. Four carriers ( EVA Air , China Airlines , Japan Airlines , and All Nippon Airways ) would be able to operate from Songshan Airport to Tokyo–Haneda. In December 2009, an affirmative schedule for

1760-523: Is different from the name in English, yet the airport code represents only the English name. Examples include: Due to scarcity of codes, some airports are given codes with letters not found in their names: The use of 'X' as a filler letter is a practice to create three-letter identifiers when more straightforward options were unavailable: Some airports in the United States retained their NWS ( National Weather Service ) codes and simply appended an X at

1848-671: Is governed by IATA Resolution 763, and it is administered by the IATA's headquarters in Montreal , Canada. The codes are published semi-annually in the IATA Airline Coding Directory. IATA provides codes for airport handling entities, and for certain railway stations. Alphabetical lists of airports sorted by IATA code are available. A list of railway station codes , shared in agreements between airlines and rail lines such as Amtrak , SNCF , and Deutsche Bahn ,

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1936-510: Is home to many factories, while nearby World Trade Center Taichung hosts many industrial conventions every year. Taichung is also home to the Central Taiwan Science Park , known for the many semiconductor factories located there, most notably TSMC . Some other famous companies located in Taichung included Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation , HIWIN , Largan Precision , and Pou Chen Corporation . Taichung

2024-513: Is in conjunction to rules aimed to avoid confusion that seem to apply in the United States, which state that "the first and second letters or second and third letters of an identifier may not be duplicated with less than 200 nautical miles separation." Thus, Washington, D.C. area's three airports all have radically different codes: IAD for Washington–Dulles , DCA for Washington–Reagan (District of Columbia Airport), and BWI for Baltimore (Baltimore–Washington International, formerly BAL). Since HOU

2112-479: Is in the Taichung Basin along the main western coastal plain that stretches along the west coast from northern Taiwan almost to the southern tip. The city borders Changhua County , Nantou County , Hualien County , Yilan County , Hsinchu County and Miaoli County . The Central Mountain Range lies just east of the city. Rolling hills run to the north leading to Miaoli County , while flat coastal plains dominate

2200-448: Is in the process of implementing Hanyu Pinyin on road signs throughout the city. However, there are still signs displaying spellings from previously used romanization systems, as well as Tongyong Pinyin and systems that do not conform to any standard system. Unlike Taipei , which uses a capital letter at the beginning of every syllable, Taichung City uses the standard form of Hanyu Pinyin on street signs erected in recent years. However,

2288-543: Is not followed outside the United States: In addition, since three letter codes starting with Q are widely used in radio communication, cities whose name begins with "Q" also had to find alternate codes, as in the case of: IATA codes should not be confused with the FAA identifiers of U.S. airports. Most FAA identifiers agree with the corresponding IATA codes, but some do not, such as Saipan , whose FAA identifier

2376-590: Is seen to have the potential to attract business travellers within Pacific Asia due to its location in downtown Taipei. Flights to Bangkok–Don Mueang , Jakarta–Halim Perdanakusuma , Kuala Lumpur–Subang , Nagoya–Komaki , Osaka–Itami , Seoul–Gimpo , Singapore–Seletar , Shanghai–Hongqiao , and Tokyo–Haneda are especially attractive since these airports are also closer to the central areas or business districts of their respective cities, and all these cities have larger far flung international airports. The airport

2464-726: Is served by the Songshan Airport metro station on the Wenhu line of the Taipei Metro . The TR Songshan Airport Line  [ zh ; ja ] also formerly served Songshan Airport from 1936 until 1976. Several city buses also serve this airport, providing frequent links to the Tamsui Line and Wenshan Line of the Taipei Metro . [REDACTED] Media related to Taipei Songshan Airport at Wikimedia Commons IATA airport code The assignment of these codes

2552-554: Is still in use today. The Japanese undertook a north–south island railway project. Taichū Train Station was completed and began operation in 1917, and still operates today. Taichū City was officially declared by Japanese authorities in 1920, and Taichū City Hall was completed in 1924 after eleven years of construction. Kōkan Airport ( 公館空港 ) , now known as Taichung Airport , was constructed during Japanese rule. Taichū Middle School (now known as Taichung First Senior High School )

2640-401: Is the beginning of higher education in Taichung. In 1955, Tunghai University was established, becoming the first private university in Taiwan. Currently, there are 17 universities, 50 high schools, 71 junior high schools, and 235 elementary schools in Taichung. In addition, there are four special schools, three international schools , and nine community colleges in the city. Taichung City

2728-416: Is used for William P. Hobby Airport , the new Houston–Intercontinental became IAH. The code BKK was originally assigned to Bangkok–Don Mueang and was later transferred to Suvarnabhumi Airport , while the former adopted DMK. The code ISK was originally assigned to Gandhinagar Airport (Nashik's old airport) and later on transferred to Ozar Airport (Nashik's current airport). Shanghai–Hongqiao retained

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2816-493: The Baishatun Mazu Pilgrimage ). Each year, worshippers carry a litter containing a statue of Mazu and travel 340 km (210 mi) on foot to Xingang, Chiayi and back. Lecheng Temple hosts a similar Eighteen Villages Pilgrimage, where the temple's "Hanxi Mazu" is paraded through eighteen villages for good luck. Other notable Mazu temples include Wanhe Temple and Haotian Temple . Confucianism

2904-571: The Canadian transcontinental railroads were built, each station was assigned its own two-letter Morse code : When the Canadian government established airports, it used the existing railway codes for them as well. If the airport had a weather station, authorities added a "Y" to the front of the code, meaning "Yes" to indicate it had a weather station or some other letter to indicate it did not. When international codes were created in cooperation with

2992-571: The Executive Yuan approved the plan to merge Taichung City and Taichung County to form a larger Taichung City. On 25 December 2010, the city was merged with the surrounding Taichung County to create a special municipality of 2.65 million people spread across 2,214 km (855 sq mi). In 2020, Taichung was classified as a "Gamma" level global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network . Taichung City

3080-493: The Kingdom of Middag , occupying the western part of present-day Taichung. In 1684, Zhuluo County was established, encompassing the underdeveloped northern two-thirds of Taiwan. Modern-day Taichung traces its beginnings to a settlement named Toatun ( Chinese : 大墩 ; pinyin : Dàdūn ; Wade–Giles : Ta -tun ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī : Toā-tun ; lit. 'large mound') in 1705. To strengthen Qing control,

3168-535: The Kuomintang in 2001 and 2005). Similarly, the Kuomintang majority in the city council is not as large as it is in other cities, and is only negligible when one excludes Beitun District , which is solidly pro-Kuomintang. The incumbent Mayor of Taichung is Lu Shiow-yen of the Kuomintang . Taichung City's executive branch is headed by mayor Lu Shiow-yen of the Kuomintang. Taichung's legislative branch

3256-590: The Lin Family Gardens , and many temples . The Atayal aborigines as well as several Taiwanese Plains Aboriginal tribes (including the Taokas , Papora , Pazeh , Hoanya and Babuzas ) populated the plains that make up modern Taichung. They were originally hunter gatherers who later lived by cultivating millet and taro . In the 17th century, the Papora , Babuza , Pazeh , and Hoanya established

3344-463: The Pan-Blue political camp, and the southern cities of Kaohsiung and Tainan that are solidly Pan-Green , Taichung is more balanced, with the urban city center area leaning Blue and the suburban and rural areas leaning Green. In fact, both major political parties have won a mayoral election among the last four with at least 49 percent of the vote ( Democratic Progressive Party in 1997 and 2014 and

3432-561: The South China Sea occasionally pose a threat to the city, as evidenced by Typhoon Wayne in 1986, which struck Taiwan's west coast near Taichung. Taichung's population was estimated to be 2,816,667 in March 2020. There are slightly more females in the city (50.97%) than males. 24.32% of residents are children, while 16.63% are young people, 52.68% are middle-age, and 6.73% are elderly. According to Ministry of Interior statistics,

3520-599: The Taiwanese indigenous peoples . It was constructed to be the new capital of Taiwan Province and renamed " Taiwan-fu " in the late Qing dynastic era between 1887 and 1894. During the Japanese era from 1895, the urban planning of present-day Taichung was performed and developed by the Japanese. The urban area of Taichung was organized as a provincial city from the start of ROC rule in 1945 until 25 December 2010, when

3608-723: The Zhang Family Temple , and the Zhang Liao Family Temple . Many other deities are worshipped in the city, including: Taichung has several open-air night markets that feature local food and diversions: Taichung has a famous hot spring, Guguan hot spring , located in Heping District. The Sinon Bulls was a professional baseball team playing in the four-team Chinese Professional Baseball League . While they were identified with Taichung City, many of their “home games” were played outside of

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3696-460: The Airbus A330 and Boeing 767. The following airlines operate regular passenger flights at Songshan: In 2018, Songshan Airport handled 6,225,932 passengers and 47,132.9 tons of cargo. The route between Taipei Songshan and Kinmen is the busiest domestic route in Taiwan, with 1,267,630 travelers in 2018. In 2018, the ten routes with the largest number of passengers are as follows: The airport

3784-876: The Fazi River on the outskirts of the city, while Freeway 3 runs along the Dadu River to the coastal plains on the west, where it then runs parallel to the coastline. Freeway 4 begins in Qingshui District and terminates in Fengyuan District . Highway 74 , known as the Taichung Ring Expressway circles the outskirts of the city, while Highway 63 , known as the Zhongtou Expressway, runs from Taichung southward to Caotun , Nantou . Many other highways run through

3872-530: The Qing, known as the Lin Shuangwen rebellion , began as an attempt to overthrow the government and restore the Ming dynasty . Unfortunately, as the rebels moved northward, they turned to slaughter and looting. They were eventually defeated by a coalition of Qing forces, Hakka , Quanzhou Fujianese descendants, and aboriginal volunteers. When Taiwan Province was declared an independent province in 1887,

3960-864: The Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport after the completion of the Taoyuan International Airport Access MRT System by the end of 2016. Also, the MRT system will make the international potential of Songshan airport less attractive. The Songshan Airport closing proposal was deferred under the Taipei City Government which has long been dominated by the Pan-Blue Coalition , who prefers the downtown airport connection concept with Shanghai, Seoul, and Tokyo. Due to

4048-552: The U.S. For example, several airports in Alaska have scheduled commercial service, such as Stebbins and Nanwalek , which use FAA codes instead of ICAO codes. Thus, neither system completely includes all airports with scheduled service. Some airports are identified in colloquial speech by their IATA code. Examples include LAX and JFK . Taichung Taichung ( / ˌ t aɪ ˈ tʃ ʊ ŋ / , Wade–Giles : Tʻai -chung , pinyin : Táizhōng ), officially Taichung City ,

4136-481: The United States, because "Y" was seldom used in the United States, Canada simply used the weather station codes for its airports, changing the "Y" to a "Z" if it conflicted with an airport code already in use. The result is that most major Canadian airport codes start with "Y" followed by two letters in the city's name (for example, YOW for O tta w a , YWG for W innipe g , YYC for C algar y , or YVR for V ancouve r ), whereas other Canadian airports append

4224-515: The airport became too small to handle an increased number of passengers, even after a series of expansions. This later worsened when new wide-body jets became common at the airport. Therefore, all international activities were relocated to Taoyuan International Airport (then known as Chiang Kai-shek International) after its inauguration on 26 February 1979. Consequently, the passenger load at the airport dropped from 6.2 million in 1978 to 2.9 million in 1979 (a 53% decrease). At its peak in 1997,

4312-541: The airport brings about. In the 2002 and 2006 Taipei Mayor Election DPP candidates Lee Ying-yuan and Frank Hsieh both proposed the plan to close Songshan Airport, and developed its land into road, huge park, detention basin and sports arena , since the Taiwan High Speed Rail could quickly take up the traffic load between Taipei and western Taiwan cities, and the remaining service to outlying islands and eastern Taiwan could be easily taken over by

4400-695: The airport handled over 15.3 million passengers annually. Service to Taichung and Chiayi was stopped in mid-2007 after the load factor dropped significantly due to the Taiwan High Speed Rail 's start of revenue service in January 2007. Passenger volume decreased from 6.7 million in 2006 to 4.4 million in 2007 (a 34% decrease). Also due to the opening of the high speed rail line, on 1 March 2008, Uni Air suspended its service to Kaohsiung, while Far Eastern Air Transport suspended its service to Tainan. TransAsia Airways decided to stop flights to Tainan and Kaohsiung after 1 August 2008. In early 1999 when

4488-440: The airport itself instead of the city it serves, while another code is reserved which refers to the city itself which can be used to search for flights to any of its airports. For instance: Or using a code for the city in one of the major airports and then assigning another code to another airport: When different cities with the same name each have an airport, they need to be assigned different codes. Examples include: Sometimes,

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4576-418: The airport's former name, such as Orlando International Airport 's MCO (for Mc C o y Air Force Base), or Chicago's O'Hare International Airport , which is coded ORD for its original name: Or char d Field. In rare cases, the code comes from the airport's unofficial name, such as Kahului Airport 's OGG (for local aviation pioneer Jimmy H ogg ). In large metropolitan areas, airport codes are often named after

4664-471: The city due to the inadequacies of the old Taichung Baseball Field . The team was expected to move into the newly completed Taichung Intercontinental Baseball Stadium in 2008, but never did. At the end of the 2012 season, Sinon Corporation announced its intention to sell the team. By late December, an agreement was reached between Sinon Corporation and E-United Group, and the team was renamed EDA Rhinos and moved to Kaohsiung. The Special Force II division of

4752-715: The city. Taichung Port , located on the coast in Taichung City, is the second largest cargo facility on the island capable of handling container shipping. Despite being the second largest port on the island of Taiwan, there are no passenger ferry services available and the port is closed to unauthorized personnel. Taichung City generally follows a radial road layout, with its center at Taichung railway station . Major roads start in Central District and run outwards, including Taiwan Boulevard, Xiangshang Road, Zhongqing Road, and Zhongshan Road. Freeway 1 runs along

4840-408: The city. Most road signs in the city have romanized spelling . The most frequently used public transportation system in Taichung is by bus, with 18 bus companies providing 275 routes that cover all districts. All station names are announced in both Mandarin and English, while some also provide Hokkien pronunciations. For local passengers using a contactless smartcard (for example, an EasyCard ),

4928-583: The coastal shore. Taichung railway station is located in the heart of the city in Central District and numerous bus companies provide connections to other towns by bus. The THSR Taichung Station is located in Wuri district , serving travel demands of both Taichung City and the northern parts of Changhua County. THSR Taichung Station is accessible by local trains and MRT Green Line through Xinwuri railway station as well as free shuttle buses into

5016-502: The code SHA, while the newer Shanghai–Pudong adopted PVG. The opposite was true for Berlin : the airport Berlin–Tegel used the code TXL, while its smaller counterpart Berlin–Schönefeld used SXF; the Berlin Brandenburg Airport has the airport code BER, which is also part of its branding. The airports of Hamburg (HAM) and Hannover (HAJ) are less than 100 nautical miles (190 km) apart and therefore share

5104-553: The construction of Taipei 101 had just started, Taiwan's Civil Aeronautics Administration changed this airport's certain SID and STAR procedures to avoid possible collision with the building. The 677-meter Fuxing North Road Underground Passage  [ zh ] ( 復興北路車行地下道 ) was constructed between 1997 and 2006 under this airport's runway to link the north and south side of this airport. Regular cross-strait charter flights to China started on 4 July 2008, with Songshan receiving

5192-934: The end. Examples include: A lot of minor airfields without scheduled passenger traffic have ICAO codes but not IATA codes, since the four letter codes allow more number of codes, and IATA codes are mainly used for passenger services such as tickets, and ICAO codes by pilots. In the US, such airfields use FAA codes instead of ICAO. There are airports with scheduled service for which there are ICAO codes but not IATA codes, such as Nkhotakota Airport/Tangole Airport in Malawi or Chōfu Airport in Tokyo, Japan. There are also several minor airports in Russia (e.g., Omsukchan Airport ) which lack IATA codes and instead use internal Russian codes for booking. Flights to these airports cannot be booked through

5280-412: The fertility rate in Taichung City in 2007 was 1.165 for each woman. The city surpassed Kaohsiung to become the second largest city in Taiwan in July 2017, growing at the 2nd fastest rate in Taiwan from 2012 to 2017. Recent population increases have been attributed to natural population growth , more people moving to the city, and subsidized housing. Unlike Taipei in the north, which is solidly in

5368-609: The first 10 kilometers are free. In addition, some taxi served as bus routes in rural areas. The city currently has one MRT line, the Green line , which opened on April 25, 2021. A second line, the Blue line , was approved in 2024 and is expected to open in 2034. For a short period of time, the city operated a bus rapid transit system, named the BRT Blue Line , running down Taiwan Boulevard. It used articulated buses running

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5456-558: The first mayor of Taichung County (which included Taichung City) was Lai Tien Shen. The position was appointed by the government to rule during the interim period. Taichung also served as the temporary capital of the exiled Jiangxi (Kiangsi) provincial government in 1949 after the Chinese Communist Party took control of the province. In 1950, Miaoli and Taoyuan were taken out from Taichung County area to form Miaoli County and Taoyuan County respectively. In June 2009,

5544-557: The first three letters of the city in which it is located, for instance: The code may also be a combination of the letters in its name, such as: Sometimes the airport code reflects pronunciation, rather than spelling, namely: For many reasons, some airport codes do not fit the normal scheme described above. Some airports, for example, cross several municipalities or regions, and therefore, use codes derived from some of their letters, resulting in: Other airports—particularly those serving cities with multiple airports—have codes derived from

5632-478: The following format: Most large airports in Canada have codes that begin with the letter "Y", although not all "Y" codes are Canadian (for example, YUM for Yuma, Arizona , and YNT for Yantai , China), and not all Canadian airports start with the letter "Y" (for example, ZBF for Bathurst, New Brunswick ). Many Canadian airports have a code that starts with W, X or Z, but none of these are major airports. When

5720-597: The form of " YYZ ", a song by the rock band Rush , which utilizes the Morse code signal as a musical motif. Some airports have started using their IATA codes as brand names , such as Calgary International Airport (YYC) and Vancouver International Airport (YVR). Numerous New Zealand airports use codes that contain the letter Z, to distinguish them from similar airport names in other countries. Examples include HLZ for Hamilton , ZQN for Queenstown , and WSZ for Westport . Predominantly, airport codes are named after

5808-421: The government intended to construct its capital city at the centrally located Toatun , which was also designated as the seat of Taiwan Prefecture . Thus the city took the title of "Taiwan-fu", meaning "capital city of Taiwan", from modern-day Tainan , which had held the title for more than 200 years. Qing official Liu Ming-chuan received permission to oversee development of the area, which included constructing

5896-487: The international air booking systems or have international luggage transferred there, and thus, they are booked instead through the airline or a domestic booking system. Several heliports in Greenland have 3-letter codes used internally which might be IATA codes for airports in faraway countries. There are several airports with scheduled service that have not been assigned ICAO codes that do have IATA codes, especially in

5984-403: The introduction of Taiwan-China flights and future international potential, the airport is undergoing extensive renovations, the first phase of which is expected to be completed by October 2010. The second and third phase renovations are expected to be completed by March and October 2011, respectively. However, as of November 2011 renovations are still in progress. A new international cargo terminal

6072-524: The landscape to the south leading to Changhua County and the Taiwan Strait to the west. The Dadu Plateau lies to the northwest. Taichung has a warm humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cwa ) bordering on a tropical monsoon climate , with an average annual temperature of 23.3 °C (73.9 °F). The highest temperature of the year occurs in July and August, while the lowest temperature occurs in January and February. Daytime temperatures remain warm to hot year-round, though night time temperatures during

6160-432: The majority of flights. Direct flights to China were an issue of contention. Then-mayor Ma Ying-jeou had been pressing to make Songshan Airport Taipei's main International terminal, citing that its location close to the city center would make it preferable for business travelers. However, building height restrictions around the airport raised concerns about flight safety, blocking of radio communications, noise pollution, and

6248-477: The members of this association were from Taichū and the surrounding area. The city became a center of Taiwanese culture and nationalism. From 1926 to 1945, Taichū Prefecture covered modern-day Taichung as well as Changhua County and Nantou County . After the handover of Taiwan from Japan to the Republic of China in October 1945, Taichung County was established, which consists of present-day area of Taichung City, Miaoli County and Taoyuan City . In 1947

6336-547: The municipal website uses the Taipei system. Most major intersections have at least one sign containing some form of romanization. Nearly every intersection in the downtown area has signs in Hanyu Pinyin. However, outside of the downtown area, while coverage by Hanyu Pinyin signs is improving, many intersections have signs in other romanization systems (especially Wade–Giles and MPS2) or no Romanized signs at all. Taichung has

6424-612: The name of the airport itself, for instance: This is also true with some cities with a single airport (even if there is more than one airport in the metropolitan area of said city), such as BDL for Hartford, Connecticut 's B ra dl ey International Airport or Baltimore's BWI, for B altimore/ W ashington I nternational Airport ; however, the latter also serves Washington, D.C. , alongside Dulles International Airport (IAD, for I nternational A irport D ulles) and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA, for D istrict of C olumbia A irport). The code also sometimes comes from

6512-584: The newer Boeing 787-8 on the route beginning in 2013 and 2014, respectively. Japan Airlines also previously used the Boeing 777-200ER on this route. On 14 June 2010, direct flights between Taipei–Songshan and Shanghai–Hongqiao began. Each week has 28 flights, served by China Eastern Airlines , Shanghai Airlines , Air China , China Airlines, EVA Air, and TransAsia Airways . The airport will undergo upgrades to its runway and reduce its jet bridges from eight to six to accommodate wider contemporary aircraft such as

6600-416: The one they are located in: Other airport codes are of obscure origin, and each has its own peculiarities: In Asia, codes that do not correspond with their city's names include Niigata 's KIJ , Nanchang 's KHN and Pyongyang 's FNJ . EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg , which serves three countries, has three airport codes: BSL, MLH, EAP. Some cities have a name in their respective language which

6688-710: The original provincial city and Taichung County were merged into a new special municipality. The city is home to the National Museum of Natural Science , the National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts , the National Taichung Theater , the National Library of Public Information , National Taiwan Museum of Comics , National Taiwan Symphony Orchestra , as well as many cultural sites, including the historic Taichung Park ,

6776-415: The reconstructed Civil Aeronautics Administration Taipei Airport ( 交通部民用航空局台北航空站 ). Domestic destinations have been Kaohsiung , Hualien , Taichung , Penghu , and Tainan . The first international destinations were Seattle , Tokyo , Busan , Manila , Bangkok , and Hong Kong . The first international airlines included Northwest Airlines , Pan Am , and Hong Kong Airways (now Cathay Pacific ). Later,

6864-614: The respective subdivisions. Note that Heping District is also an indigenous area of the Atayal people . Taichung is the center and the largest city in Central Taiwan . Its main industries are machinery and retail services. Taichung is home to many industries. It has six main manufacturing industries: tool machines, mechanical components, photoelectric panels, bicycles, woodworking machinery, and aerospace manufacturing. Taichung Industrial Park , located in Xitun District ,

6952-538: The route between Tokyo–Haneda and Taipei–Songshan was announced. Starting in October 2010, EVA Air , China Airlines , Japan Airlines , and All Nippon Airways each operates two flights a day from Taipei–Songshan to Tokyo–Haneda, with China Airlines and EVA Air both utilizing the Airbus A330-300 on the route. All Nippon Airways and Japan Airlines began this route with the Boeing 767-300ER , but have phased in

7040-506: The same first and middle letters, indicating that this rule might be followed only in Germany. Many cities retain historical names in their airport codes, even after having undergone an official name/spelling/transliteration change: Some airport codes are based on previous names associated with a present airport, often with a military heritage. These include: Some airports are named for an administrative division or nearby city, rather than

7128-500: The station code of Malton, Mississauga , where it is located). YUL is used for Montréal–Trudeau (UL was the ID code for the beacon in the city of Kirkland , now the location of Montréal–Trudeau). While these codes make it difficult for the public to associate them with a particular Canadian city, some codes have become popular in usage despite their cryptic nature, particularly at the largest airports. Toronto's code has entered pop culture in

7216-515: The two-letter code of the radio beacons that were the closest to the actual airport, such as YQX in Gander or YXS in Prince George . Four of the ten provincial capital airports in Canada have ended up with codes beginning with YY, including: Canada's largest airport is YYZ for Toronto Pearson (as YTZ was already allocated to Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport , the airport was given

7304-529: The use of two letters allowed only a few hundred combinations; a three-letter system of airport codes was implemented. This system allowed for 17,576 permutations, assuming all letters can be used in conjunction with each other. Since the U.S. Navy reserved "N" codes, and to prevent confusion with Federal Communications Commission broadcast call signs , which begin with "W" or "K", the airports of certain U.S. cities whose name begins with one of these letters had to adopt "irregular" airport codes: This practice

7392-778: The war’s final months. From March to August, 1945, the US Army Far East Air Forces bombed the airfield, with the last mission on 24 August using B-24 heavy bombers. After World War II , in 1946, it was taken over by the Republic of China Air Force , and renamed to Songshan Airport. Before the end of the Chinese Civil War and the establishment of the People's Republic of China , the airport provided flight routes between Shanghai and Taipei, occasionally via Fuzhou . Shared military and civilian use—both domestic and international—began on 16 April 1950 in

7480-580: The winter months are significantly cooler than those during the summer and the warm daytime temperature. Its average annual rainfall is just above 1,700 mm (67 in), relatively low compared to other major cities of Taiwan. The average humidity is 80%. Due to the protection provided by the Central Mountain Range to the east and the Miaoli hills to the north, Taichung is rarely severely affected by typhoons , but typhoons emerging from

7568-526: Was established as one of twenty local administrative districts on the island. In 1904, the town of Taichū had a population of 6,423, and Taichū District had more than 207,000. Taichū Park was completed in 1903. A tower marking the old north gate was moved to the new park where it stands today. The first market in Taichū was built in 1908, along Jiguang Road between the Zhongzheng and Chenggong Roads and it

7656-551: Was founded in 1915 by elite members of local gentry, including Lin Hsien-tang and his brother Lin Lieh-tang  [ zh ] , two wealthy Taiwanese intellectuals of the era. This was in an effort to teach children the culture of Taiwan and to foster the spirit of the Taiwanese localization movement . The Taiwanese Cultural Association , founded in 1921 in Taipei by Lin Hsien-tang, was moved to Taichū in 1927. Most of

7744-524: Was intercepted by Chinese fighter aircraft, resulting in the loss of four bombers without any casualties on the Chinese side. This date was later celebrated as Air Force Day in China. In 1944, the Japanese Army’s 37th Kyoiku Hikotai, a training unit equipped with Ki-61 fighters, was established at Matsuyama. Many of its instructors later engaged in combat against American forces over Taiwan and Japan during

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