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69-664: It opened at its current location on November 24, 1891, though it had existed at previous locations in White Sulphur Springs near Vallejo starting in 1883; a location in Fasking Park in Alameda County; and another location in Santa Clara (near the intersection of Market and Washington Street) from 1885 to 1891. Dozens died at this hospital in an outbreak of Spanish influenza in 1918. California

138-502: A Niche study based on 2017 American Community Survey data. In 2022, Vallejo was again named the most diverse small town in America, with a 77% chance any two residents would be of a different census racial category. Hispanics comprise 28% of the local population, 23% are White, 23% are Asian, 19% are Black, and 7% are of mixed or other heritages. Note: the U.S. Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic. This table excludes Latinos from

207-452: A Taser. All of the reported victims have extreme difficulty communicating, but when questioned, one of them uttered the words "stun" and Millora's name which the incident report identified as "Staff A." He was eventually fired. Court records show in April, Millora pleaded no contest to misdemeanor possession of a loaded firearm. He got probation and a $ 190 fine in lieu of jail time. But Millora

276-399: A barbiturate that is commonly used as a sedative and to control seizures. The lab report showed that Turley's system had 75 milligrams of phenobarbital per liter of blood—nearly twice as much as what is considered safe. The investigation was closed with no answers. "It's hard to get that level in a person's system. Phenobarbital is . . . slow to uptake and slow to release. Administered twice

345-501: A complaint of abuse by staff while the patient was bathing. In another, a Sonoma caregiver was cleared of assault and went on to molest a second patient. In another, state investigators didn't act on a patient's complaint against a staff member. Her pregnancy was overlooked for several months and she eventually gave birth to a child. In 2012, the California Department for Public Health announced they were moving to revoke

414-517: A conflict of interest existed because investigators were employed by the same facility they were supposed to investigate. Some employees within the facility indicated that many incidents were never reported, in part because staff members were afraid of retaliation." In April 2002, Nicholas Turley, a 14 year old, collapsed at Sonoma Developmental Center. He died at the hospital 37 hours later. Chief deputy coroner Will Wallman said toxicology results indicated that Turley died from an overdose of phenobarbital,

483-491: A day (as in Turley's case), it should balance out to about 35 milligrams per liter... Natural, homicide, accident, suicide - we don't have enough to pin it on any of those four, so it's 'could not be determined." In September 2012, the director of Sonoma received an anonymous voicemail saying that a staff member was attacking patients with a stun gun. Archie Millora, who had worked as a psychiatric technical assistant for 14 years,

552-527: A dependent adult. He was the victim's direct caregiver. Sayler was sentenced to 7 years in prison. In 2000, the main building was listed in the National Register of Historic Places . In 2015, the state announced the closure of SDC by the end of 2018. This meant the relocation of more than 300 residents, and the development of a reuse plan for the property. The October 2017, the Nuns Fire had

621-667: A dramatic impact on SDC, necessitating a mandatory evacuation of hundreds of residents and staff, and burning the eastern third of the property along California State Route 12 . The main area of SDC withstood the fires, and the remaining residents all moved back in; however, the fire forced a major interruption of the State's site assessment process. In May 2017, the State hired Wallace Roberts & Todd (WRT) to provide architectural and engineering services to prepare "a comprehensive existing conditions study and an opportunities and constraints summary and analysis for SDC." The State incorporated

690-530: A federal judge released Vallejo from bankruptcy after nearly three years. According to United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 49.5 square miles (128 km ). Land area is 30.7 square miles (80 km ), and 18.9 square miles (49 km ) (38.09%) is water. The Napa River flows until it changes into the Mare Island Strait in Vallejo which then flows into San Pablo Bay , in

759-568: A field on site from 1892 to 1939. There are no headstones or grave markers. The State Archive in Sacramento has extensive holdings on the early history of the Home, including patient registers, photographs, maps, and records. The Gosney Archive at Caltech in Pasadena, CA contains information about sterilization from the 1920s. The SDC does have some historical resources, but these are not open to

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828-453: A kind of "revolving operating room." In an attempt to expand beyond the institution (and get around a legal loophole), Sonoma admitted patients solely for the purpose to be sterilized and then released. According to a study conducted by Paul Popenoe, between the years 1922–1925, 25% of those females sterilized fell into this category. This aggressive approach is likely the reason for Sonoma's comparatively high number of sterilizations. Sonoma

897-581: A male patient, and two instances in which staffers hit residents. Because of the state citations, as well as extensive inspection reports, the federal Health Care Financing Agency refused to recertify the center and moved to cut the flow of $ 3 million in monthly Medicaid dollars. These violations came less than three years after federal inspectors documented deaths and unsanitary conditions in California's homes in 1997. One man died of an overdose of anti-depressants in 1999. The coroners could not tell whether

966-573: A meeting with WRT on March 22, 2018. After the cancelled September CAC meeting, WRT had planned to finish the site assessment, presenting the findings one more time to the CAC, and then hold a public meeting in Sonoma where the whole community would be briefed on this critical information. The center officially closed on 31 December 2018. In December 2022, a memorial was dedicated to those who have lived and died at Sonoma. There are over 1,500 people buried in

1035-513: A mere 300. He eventually retired from public life, questioning the wisdom of his having welcomed the American acquisition of California in the first place. Vallejo died in 1890, a symbol of the eclipse of Californio wealth, power, and prestige. Although the town is named after Gen. Vallejo, the man regarded as the true founder of Vallejo is John B. Frisbie . After his daughter Epifania married Frisbie, Gen. Vallejo granted him power of attorney for

1104-462: A migration of gays and lesbians from San Francisco in the decade 2000–2009, openly gay members of the community encountered what they described as a backlash against them. The school district was threatened by the ACLU with a lawsuit for harassment on behalf of a 17-year-old lesbian by school administrators. The school settled the lawsuit with the student. The school agreed to pay her $ 25,000, adopt

1173-687: A mild, coastal Mediterranean climate and can be an average of 10 °F (−12 °C) cooler than nearby inland cities. Vallejo is influenced by its position on the northeastern shore of San Pablo Bay, but is less sheltered from heatwaves than areas directly on or nearer the Pacific Ocean/Golden Gate such as San Francisco and Oakland . Although slightly less marine, average temperatures range between 8 °C (46 °F) in January and 19.8 °C (67.6 °F) in July. However, summer

1242-820: A more stringent non-discrimination policy, and include a curriculum that positively portrayed gay and lesbian people. The Government of Vallejo is defined under the Charter of the City of Vallejo. It is a council–manager government and consists of the Mayor, City Council, and numerous departments and officers under the supervision of the City Manager, such as the Vallejo Police Department, Vallejo Fire Department, Vallejo Public Works Department, and Vallejo Economic Development Department. As of February 2023,

1311-483: A new bill required development centers to immediately report all resident "deaths and serious injuries of unknown origin" to their local law enforcement agency. This is after a 1999 investigation by the Index-Tribune found that: "the facility had hired inadequately trained, under-qualified, unsupervised investigators; that site administrators were called into incident scenes before investigators arrived; and that

1380-424: A pool of blood in a shower, a class-action lawsuit resulted in a settlement that stepped up the exodus of residents from developmental centers. In 2000, state health inspectors accused Sonoma of numerous violations that resulted in deaths. The state Department of Health Services has issued at least 15 citations, carrying penalties totaling $ 142,800.This includes an incident where a female staff member sexually fondled

1449-452: A strong community engagement plan as part of the WRT contract. In order to ensure that the site assessment was based on the best available data—and that the analysis is designed to answer the most pressing concerns of the local community—WRT created an SDC Community Advisory Committee (CAC). This committee is composed of a broad range of local stakeholders, and its purpose is "to provide comments to

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1518-500: Is a regional economic hub for the North Bay and specifically Solano County . According to the city's 2022 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: In recent years, Vallejo has attracted a large community of artists to the region in search of lower rent and larger work-spaces. Artists pushed out of larger Bay Area cities like San Francisco and Oakland have been working with city leaders to revitalize

1587-512: Is named after Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo , the famed Californio general and statesman. The city was founded in 1851 on Gen. Vallejo's Rancho Suscol to serve as the capital city of California, which it was 1852–1853, after which the Californian government moved to neighboring Benicia , named in honor of Gen. Vallejo's wife Benicia Carrillo de Vallejo . The Mare Island Naval Shipyard was founded in 1854, and defined Vallejo's economy until

1656-572: Is very long with June–September being almost equal in historical average temperatures. This seasonal lag sees October averages being higher than in May in spite of it being after the Equinox (meaning less daylight than darkness). Vallejo was named the most diverse city in the United States in a 2012 study by Brown University based on 2010 census data, and the most diverse city in California by

1725-862: Is within the Solano Community College district. The college has two campuses in Vallejo: the Vallejo Center, which is located along Columbus Parkway; and the Auto Tech Center, which is located along North Ascot Parkway. Vallejo's public transit includes the San Francisco Bay Ferry , which regularly runs from downtown Vallejo to the San Francisco Ferry Building , as well as Amtrak Thruway . SolTrans buses carry passengers around

1794-642: The California State Legislature , Vallejo is in the 3rd Senate District , represented by Democrat Bill Dodd , and in the 14th Assembly District , represented by Democrat Buffy Wicks . In the United States House of Representatives , it's in California's 5th congressional district , represented by Republican Tom McClintock . In 2008 the government of Vallejo filed for bankruptcy. A judge declared

1863-477: The Concord Fault to the south. The Concord Fault is considered active. Historically there have been local cinnabar mines in the Vallejo area. The Hastings Mine and St. John's Mine contribute ongoing water contamination for mercury ; furthermore, mine shaft development has depleted much of this area's spring water. Both Rindler Creek and Blue Rock Springs Creek have been affected. Vallejo has

1932-416: The shooting of Sean Monterrosa , who was unarmed, during protests following the murder of George Floyd in 2020. One of the officers who killed McCoy had previously killed an unarmed man as he fled, while another killed three men over a five-month period and was later promoted. Vallejo Police killed 19 people between 2010 and 2020. In 2012, police shootings accounted for six of the 20 homicides to occur in

2001-476: The California attorney general; but according to reporting from the Vallejo Free Press and ProPublica , only two of the recommendations had been fully implemented by 2022. Vallejo has seen a rate of killings by police officers that is significantly higher than the national average and other Bay Area cities. These incidents included the fatal shooting of Willie McCoy by six officers in 2019 and

2070-704: The Center for Investigative Reporting showed that the five developmental centers in California, also known as state schools, were directly responsible for 13 deaths since 2002, and held responsibility for many more. In October 2005, a staff member found a 25-year-old resident vomiting blood in his bed at the Sonoma Developmental Center. In his vomit, staff found a plastic-handled cotton swab used for dry mouth. They immediately transferred him to an outside hospital. The hospital found other swabs in his mouth, which had punctured his esophagus and aorta. Both

2139-699: The Mexican government of California in what would be known as the Bear Flag Revolt which resulted in Gen. Vallejo's imprisonment in Sutter's Fort . This was subsequently followed by the annexation of the California Republic to the United States. Gen. Vallejo, though a Mexican army officer, generally acquiesced in the annexation of California to the United States, recognizing the greater resources of

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2208-527: The October, 1952 issue of the Sonoma Index-Tribune , described the test of a live polio vaccine on "61 boys and girls (who) took the new vaccine in a glass of chocolate milk… regarding it merely as an extra 'treat'." The Index-Tribune article clarifies that parents of the young subjects had given their permission for the tests. In the 1990s, after a teenage boy was found injured and lying in

2277-403: The United States and benefits that would bring to California. In 1851, Vallejo was declared to become the official California State Capitol, with the new government prepared to meet for the first time the following year. In 1852, the legislature convened for the first time. However, Vallejo did not follow through with constructing a Capitol State Building for them to meet in. In 1853, it was again

2346-547: The WRT team on the Site Assessment findings and to offer input regarding the opportunities and constraints for the SDC site." The first meeting of the CAC was September 28, 2017. Ten days later, the fires raged through the North Bay, and WRT's goal of producing its reports and holding a series of community meetings by the end of 2017 was lost in the tumult of wildlife disaster response. After a three-month delay, CAC scheduled

2415-675: The autopsy and the public health department's investigation suggested that a caregiver left the swabs in his mouth. The autopsy read, "The decedent's conditions of quadriplegia with body and limb deformity related to cerebral palsy render him, in my opinion, very unlikely to have introduced the swabs himself." The center was fined $ 90,000. The 12 other citations for facilities found to have caused resident deaths ranged from $ 22,500 to $ 80,000. The Sonoma Developmental Center received eight citations linked to deaths of residents, with fines ranging from $ 1,000 (a resident with hypothermia didn't get immediate treatment) to $ 90,000 (the resident who swallowed

2484-467: The bankruptcy over in 2011, but analysts have noted that the city did little to resolve its largest expense—public pensions—and may face a second round of bankruptcy. As of September 2022, there were 69,546 registered voters in Vallejo; of these, 40,818 (58.7%) are Democrats, 8,751 (12.6%) are Republicans, and 15,612 (22.4%) stated no party preference. On April 17, 2012, the City Council approved

2553-551: The cities of Vallejo and Benicia, and offers express service to Fairfield, California , and Bay Area Rapid Transit stations in El Cerrito, California and Walnut Creek, California . The Vallejo Transit Center, located next to Vallejo Station is a hub for several bus lines at 311 Sacramento Street. The Amtrak Thruway 7 bus makes two stops in Vallejo daily; one at Vallejo Station , and one at Six Flags Discovery Kingdom . From there, connections are available to Martinez to

2622-408: The city council voted 7–0 to file for Chapter 9 bankruptcy , at the time becoming the largest California city to do so. Stephanie Gomes, Vallejo City Councilwoman, largely blames exorbitant salaries and benefits for Vallejo firefighters and police officers. Reportedly, salaries and benefits for public safety workers account for at least 80 percent of Vallejo's general-fund budget. On November 1, 2011,

2691-531: The city was $ 47,030, and the median income for a family was $ 53,805. Males had a median income of $ 40,132 versus $ 32,129 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 20,415. About 7.7% of families and 10.1% of the population were below the poverty line , including 12.2% of those under age 18 and 8.9% of those age 64 or over. As the second largest city in the North Bay region of the Bay Area , Vallejo

2760-528: The city, and the frequency of officer-involved shootings stood at around 38 times the national rate. Vallejo is served by one school district: the Vallejo City Unified School District (VCUSD). The city is also served by a community college district, private schools, and colleges. The Vallejo City Unified School District (VCUSD) includes the following campuses: Private institutions with campuses in Vallejo include: Vallejo

2829-464: The cotton swabs). In 2015, Rex Bradford Salyer, 63, a former Sonoma Developmental Center psychiatric technician, pleaded no contest Thursday to sexually abusing a disabled female resident over a yearlong period. The abuse started sometime in between his hiring in May 2013 and continued until his arrest on July 4 of 2014. He was found guilty of having sexual intercourse with someone incapable of giving legal consent, two counts of oral copulation and abusing

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2898-460: The council consists of Robert McConnell (Mayor), Rozanna Verder-Aliga (Vice Mayor), Diosdado "JR" Matulac, Mina Loera-Diaz, Charles Palmares, Peter Bregenzer, and Cristina Arriola. Residents of Vallejo participate in elections for Solano County Board of Supervisors Districts 1 and 2. As of November 2022, these seats were represented by Supervisors Erin Hannigan and Monica Brown, respectively. In

2967-451: The death was a homicide, suicide or accident. The hospital was cited for failure to prevent harm. Another incident was the 1999 death of a woman from toxic levels of opiates. In March 2001, five employees were suspended during an investigation into abuse. One of these abuses were "beat down parties" where employees would choose a resident and assault them. Other cases included staff members humiliating and slapping residents. In August 2001,

3036-611: The first citywide participatory budgeting (PB) process in the United States. The Council allocated $ 3.4 million to the Vallejo PB process and since then, Vallejo residents and business and property owners have been developing and designing project ideas. They have vetted and reduced more than 800 project ideas to 36 projects that will be on the ballot. Vallejo residents 14 years of age and older will vote and choose six out of 36 projects to vote on from May 11 through May 18, 2013. The second cycle of participatory budgeting in Vallejo

3105-450: The first decades of the 20th century. The yard functioned for over a hundred years, finally closing in 1996. The U.S. government appointed the influential Vallejo as Indian agent for Northern California. He also served on the state constitutional convention in 1849. Afterward, Vallejo remained active in state politics, but challenges to his land titles around Sonoma eventually left him impoverished and reduced his ranch from 250,000 acres to

3174-645: The general public. Vallejo, California Vallejo ( / v ə ˈ l eɪ ( h ) oʊ / və- LAY -(h)oh ; Spanish: [baˈʎexo] ) is a city in Solano County, California and the second largest city in the North Bay region of the Bay Area . Located on the shores of San Pablo Bay , the city had a population of 126,090 at the 2020 census . Vallejo is home to the California Maritime Academy , Touro University California and Six Flags Discovery Kingdom . Vallejo

3243-421: The land grant. It was Frisbie who hired E. H. Rowe, the man who designed the city layout and who named the east–west streets after states and the north–south streets after California counties. Mare Island Naval Shipyard was a critical submarine facility during WW II, both for constructing and overhauling vessels. Downtown Vallejo retains many of its historic Victorian and Craftsman homes. On May 6, 2008,

3312-705: The license of the Sonoma Developmental Center's Intermediate Care Facility that services 290 residents with intellectual disabilities, and decertifying it from participation in the federal Medicaid program. Terri Delgadillo, director of the state Department of Developmental Services, said, "We have removed the Executive Director and the Clinical Director (of the Sonoma Developmental Center) and taken disciplinary action against several employees, including job terminations." In

3381-450: The meeting place for the legislature, solely for the purpose of moving the capitol officially to Benicia , which occurred on February 4, 1853, after only a month. Benicia is named after Vallejo's wife, Benicia de Vallejo . After the legislature left, the government established a naval shipyard on Mare Island , which helped the city overcome the loss. Due to the presence of the shipyard, Filipinos began to immigrate to Vallejo beginning in

3450-744: The northeastern part of San Francisco Bay . Vallejo is located on the southwestern edge of Solano County, California in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area in Northern California. Vallejo borders the city of Benicia to the east, American Canyon and the Napa county line to the north, the Carquinez Strait to the south and the San Pablo Bay to the west. Several faults have been mapped in

3519-485: The once blighted downtown area. The artist-run Vallejo Art Walk scheduled on the second Friday of every month in downtown Vallejo has been recognized as a hub for artists in the Bay Area and the entirety of California. As early as the 1940s and before, Vallejo is known to have had a well-formed gay community, which was a short drive or boat ride away from San Francisco. At one time Vallejo boasted eight gay bars. After

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3588-656: The population) lived in households, 1,130 (1.0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 533 (0.5%) were institutionalized. There were 40,559 households, out of which 14,398 (35.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 17,819 (43.9%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 7,214 (17.8%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,755 (6.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,804 (6.9%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 497 (1.2%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . 9,870 households (24.3%) were made up of individuals, and 3,255 (8.0%) had someone living alone who

3657-407: The population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 46,043 people (39.7%) lived in rental housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 116,760 people, 39,601 households, and 28,235 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,493.3/km (3,868/sq mi). There were 41,219 housing units at an average density of 527.2/km (1,365/sq mi). The racial makeup of the city

3726-795: The racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. The 2010 United States Census reported that Vallejo had a population of 115,942. The population density was 2,340.3 inhabitants per square mile (903.6/km ). The racial makeup of Vallejo was 38,066 (32.9%) White , 25,572 (22.1%) African American , 757 (0.7%) Native American , 28,895 (24.9%) Asian (21.1% Filipino , 1.0% Indian, 0.9% Chinese, 0.5% Vietnamese, 0.2% Japanese, 0.2% Korean, 0.1% Laotian), 1,239 (1.1%) Pacific Islander , 12,759 (11.0%) from other races , and 8,656 (7.5%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 26,165 persons (22.6%). Non-Hispanic Whites numbered 28,946 persons (25.0%). The Census reported that 114,279 people (98.6% of

3795-618: The south, and Arcata to the north. Vallejo is accessible by Interstate 80 between San Francisco and Sacramento , and is the location for the northern half of the Carquinez Bridge . It is also accessible by Interstate 780 from neighboring Benicia to the east, and by Route 37 from Marin County to the west. Route 29 (former U.S. Route 40 ) begins in the city near the Carquinez Bridge and travels north through

3864-444: The state of California, and 215th in the U.S. by population. There were 39,601 households, out of which 36.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.1% were married couples living together, 16.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.7% were non-families. 22.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

3933-532: The turn of the 21st century. Vallejo was once home of the Coast Miwok as well as Suisunes and other Patwin Native American tribes. There are three confirmed Native American sites located in the rock outcrops in the hills above Blue Rock Springs Park. The California Archaeological Inventory has indicated that the three Indian sites are located on Sulphur Springs Mountain. The city of Vallejo

4002-594: The vicinity of Vallejo. The San Andreas Fault and Hayward Faults are the most active faults , although the San Andreas is at some distance. Locally, the Sulphur Springs Valley Thrust Fault and Southampton Fault are found. No quaternary seismic activity along these minor faults has been observed with the possible exception of a slight offset revealed by trenching. The Sulphur Mountain and Green Valley faults have been associated with

4071-414: The wake of a California state report that confirmed all that was found in previous CIR reports in 2011, advocates for developmentally disabled people gathered in 2013 at the state Capitol to demand that Gov. Jerry Brown take action on the abuse in these facilities. Kimberly Williams, who once lived at Sonoma, said, "It was the worst time of my life. Shut these hellholes down now." A 2015 investigation by

4140-407: Was 2.90 and the average family size was 3.43. In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.7 males. The median income for a household in

4209-490: Was 35.97% White , 23.69% African American , 0.66% Native American , 24.16% Asian , 1.09% Pacific Islander , 7.88% from other races , and 6.56% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 15.92% of the population. As of 2000, residents with Filipino ancestry made up 20.74% of Vallejo's population. As of 2009, Vallejo is the 9th largest city in the San Francisco Bay Area, 50th in

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4278-419: Was 37.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males. There were 44,433 housing units at an average density of 896.9 units per square mile (346.3 units/km ), of which 24,188 (59.6%) were owner-occupied, and 16,371 (40.4%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 9.4%. 68,236 people (58.9% of

4347-424: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82. There were 27,788 families (68.5% of all households); the average family size was 3.36. The population was spread out, with 26,911 people (23.2%) under the age of 18, 11, 69 people (10.1%) aged 18 to 24, 30,053 people (25.9%) aged 25 to 44, 33,312 people (28.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 13,999 people (12.1%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

4416-478: Was apprehended the next day with a Taser and a loaded gun in his car. He was placed on administrative leave but not arrested. A subsequent independent probe by the California Department of Public Health reveals that nurses examined and photographed patients in his care. They found suspicious abrasions on "the buttocks, thigh, arm and back" of 12 people. A forensic pathologist concluded that the marks were "strongly suggestive of electrical thermal burns," consistent with

4485-524: Was initiated on February 4, 2014, with $ 2.4 million allocated. A public vote open to all residents of Vallejo age 16 and over took place in October 2014. Vallejo has had one of California's highest rates of police killings in recent years. A 2023 Vallejo Sun story described Vallejo's police department as "one of California’s most deadly." In 2020, the department engaged a consulting firm to assess how to address extensive killings by its officers. The firm issued 45 recommendations, which were endorsed by

4554-417: Was never charged with the reported stun gun assaults—charges that if convicted, could have given him serious prison time. A Center for Investigative Reporting investigation in 2012 showed that at least 12 sexual assault reports at Sonoma were not investigated and hospital-supervised rape exams were not conducted in some cases. In one case, the report states, male caregivers were assigned to a patient even after

4623-468: Was once part of the 84,000-acre (340 km ) Rancho Suscol Mexican land grant of 1843 by Governor Manuel Micheltorena to Gen. Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo . The city was named after this Mexican military officer and title holder who was appointed in settling and overseeing the North Bay region. Gen. Vallejo was responsible for military peace in the region and founded the pueblo of Sonoma in 1836. In 1846, independence-minded Anglo immigrants rose up against

4692-439: Was said to have sterilized more "mental defectives" than any other institution in the world. Often overlooked, Sonoma conducted dangerous tests and trials on patients into the 1960s.  Testing in mental institution alleviated the compensation and consent required for researches.  Such treatments, including radiation dosing experiments, resulted in countless injuries and deaths that are still being investigated. A story in

4761-487: Was the third state to pass a compulsory sterilization law in 1909. F.O. Butler was the superintendent of Sonoma State home starting in 1918. He believed that sterilization benefited both the individuals and society as a whole, Both through public promotion and actual operations, he was largely responsible for thousands of sterilizations. He himself is estimated to have performed at least 1000 sterilizations throughout his career. During his time as superintendent, Sonoma acted as

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