Misplaced Pages

#160839

47-499: Saarinen is a Finnish surname of Virtanen type derived from the word 'saari', "island". Notable people with the surname include: Aarne Saarinen , Finnish politician Aino-Kaisa Saarinen , Finnish skier Aline B. Saarinen (1914–1972), American art and architecture critic Ari Saarinen (born 1967), Finnish ice hockey player Arno Saarinen , Finnish gymnast Eliel Saarinen , Finnish architect Eero Saarinen , son of Eliel, also

94-1343: A Finnish architect and furniture designer Eeva Saarinen , Finnish breaststroke swimmer Eric Saarinen (born 1942), American cinematographer and film director Esa Saarinen , Finnish philosopher Ingegerd Saarinen , Swedish politician Jaana Saarinen , Finnish actress Janne Saarinen , Finnish footballer Jarno Saarinen , (1945–1973), Finnish motorcycle racer Jenni Saarinen , Finnish figure skater Jesse Saarinen (born 1985), Finnish ice hockey player Johanna Saarinen (born 1973), Finnish biathlete Lilian Swann Saarinen (1912–1995), American sculptor and artist Mari Saarinen , Finnish ice hockey player Martti Saarinen , Finnish singer Olavi Saarinen , Finnish politician Ossi Saarinen , Finnish ice hockey player Pekka Saarinen , Finnish car racer Sakari Saarinen , Finnish footballer Sanna Saarinen (born 1991), Finnish women's footballer Simo Saarinen , Finnish ice hockey player Tero Saarinen (born 1964), Finnish dancer and choreographer Veli Saarinen , Finnish cross-country skier Yrjö Saarinen (1899–1977), Finnish engineer and politician Yrjö Saarinen (painter) (1899–1958), Finnish painter See also [ edit ] All pages with titles containing Saarinen [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with

141-586: A child, Kusti as an adolescent, Kyösti or Köpi as an adult and Kustaa as an old man. In the early 19th century, almost all Finnish first names were taken from the official almanac , published by the Royal Academy of Turku , later by the University of Helsinki . The names were mostly names of the saints whose cults had been popular before the Reformation , but the almanac also incorporated

188-519: A deliberate archaism. Unlike in Swedish, Finnish patronymics were not transferred into hereditary family names. Thus, the Finnish situation differs considerably from, for instance, Sweden, which has hundreds of thousands of Johanssons and Anderssons. The Swedish patronymic-like surnames are treated like any other surnames. Real patronymics are handled like additional first names, i.e., one must still have

235-618: A double-barreled name (e.g., marriage of a Forsius to Harkimo giving Forsius-Harkimo ). Patronymics were used in official documents until the late 19th century. Finns did not address each other by patronymics in colloquial speech. The natural Finnish way of referring to someone's parentage is the genitive: Matin Olli ("Matthew's Olaf") instead of the solemn Olli Matinpoika ("Olaf Matthew's son"). When patronymics were no longer required in documents, they quickly fell out of use. They are still perfectly legal, but very rare, often representing

282-440: A geminate or longer sound (e.g., Marjaana has a stressed short [ɑ] followed by an unstressed long [ɑː] and then another unstressed short [ɑ] ). As per Finnish phonotactics , both Finnish first names and surnames usually end in vowels, and always in either a vowel or a coronal consonant . This occurs regardless of gender, and surnames are no longer marked by gender. Pronunciation of Swedish names

329-423: A hyphen. Between 1986 and 2018, a spouse could keep their surname, take their spouse's name as a shared surname, or take their spouse's surname as a shared surname but use it in combination with their own as a hyphenated double surname, while their spouse used their original surname. If they had a shared surname, their children got that name, otherwise the surname of either parent would be chosen. (From 1929 to 1985,

376-513: A number of names from the Old Testament and Swedish royalty, which were added to certain days during the 17th and 18th centuries. During the 19th century, the Finnish forms were gradually added to the Finnish almanac, while the Swedish and Latin forms were removed (the Swedish forms were retained in a separate Swedish almanac). At the same time, the vicars gradually started to use Finnish name forms in parish registers. This, in turn, cemented

423-410: A reason for waiving this requirement. However, persons may change their surname to any surname that has been used by their ancestors, if they can prove such a claim. Surnames behave like regular words when forming grammatical cases. Thus, for example, the genitive of surname Mäki is Mäen , just like the regular word mäki ("hill") becomes mäen in the genitive. For given names, this is not always

470-406: A shared surname, that will be the surname of their children, otherwise their children can get either parent's surname or a double surname combining those of their parents. Grandparents' names can be used, based on a family's foreign name tradition. When combining double surnames, only one part of each can be used; the double surname can consist of the two individual surnames as such, or combined with

517-528: A surname. An exception is made for the Icelandic citizens resident in Finland, who are allowed to follow the Icelandic name tradition. The native Finnish tradition of first names was lost during the early Christian period, and by the 16th century, only Christian first names were accepted. The popular names were usually the names of saints whose cult was widespread. This resulted in some differences between

SECTION 10

#1732775542161

564-435: A wife had to take the husband's surname or a double name.) Regardless, siblings normally get the same surname. All persons have the right to change their surname once without any specific reason. A surname that is un-Finnish, contrary to the usages of the Swedish or Finnish languages, or in use by any person resident in Finland cannot be accepted as the new name, unless valid family reasons or religious or national customs give

611-413: Is a Swedish speaker. An effect of industrialization was that large numbers of people moved to the cities and towns and had to adopt a surname. Missing an inherited surname, they invented theirs. Initially, these were in Swedish, and they were not very stable; people called them "superfluous names" ( liikanimi ), and a person could change one's surname several times during their career. Later, Finnish became

658-417: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Virtanen type The Virtanen type Finnish surnames are the surnames that became popular in the 19th century in western Finland and that are formed by combining of a word related to nature (but not an animal) with the suffix -nen . The name of the type was introduced by Finnish expert in naming Sirkka Paikkala  [ fi ] after

705-410: Is similar, but long vowels are not doubled and the stress may be on any syllable. Finland has a long bilingual history and it is not unusual for Finnish speakers to have Swedish surnames or given names. Such names may be pronounced according to Finland–Swedish phonology or, depending on the person named, the person speaking and the language used, a Fennicized variant. When writing Finnish names without

752-603: The Finnish alphabet available (such as in e-mail addresses), the letters "ä" and "ö" are usually replaced with "a" and "o", respectively (e.g., Pääkkönen as Paakkonen ). This is not the same, but visually recognizable. Finland has three predominant surname traditions: the West Finnish , the East Finnish and that of the Swedish nobility , clergy , bourgeoisie and military . Until the early 20th century, Finland

799-454: The surname Saarinen . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saarinen&oldid=1222976349 " Categories : Surnames Finnish surnames of Virtanen type Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

846-469: The 19th century. The Act on Forenames and Surnames ( Finnish : Etu- ja sukunimilaki ; Swedish : Lag om för- och efternamn ) of 2017, in force since 1 January 2019, requires that all Finnish citizens and residents have at least one and at the most four given names. Persons who do not have a given name are obligated to adopt one when they are entered into the Finnish national population database. Parents of new-born children must name their child and inform

893-494: The Finnish name forms that were used. Names with originally Finnish etymologies were revived in the 19th century. In the absence of reliable information about ancient names, parents chose names of mythical characters from folklore ( Aino , Tapio ), and many new names were created from Finnish words ( Seppo "smith" or "skilled person", Ritva "birch twig"). Some clergymen initially refused to christen babies with such "pagan" names. The first given name of Finnish origin, Aino ,

940-596: The Western and Eastern Finnish first names, as the names in Eastern Finland might have had forms derived from Russian or Church Slavonic , instead of Swedish and Latin. For example, there are two Finnish cognates of George, Yrjö < Swedish Örjan and Jyri < Russian Юрий ( Yuri ). The most important source for researching the name forms actually used by the Finns themselves in the 15th to 18th centuries are

987-533: The almanac of the University of Helsinki and given a " name day " ( Finnish : nimipäivä ). In 2010, 792 of the 35,000 first names used in Finland were listed in the Finnish almanac. The name day calendar follows the Medieval Catholic saints' calendar when applicable. First names are subject to changing fashions, while second or third given names are more traditional and typically trisyllabic. In

SECTION 20

#1732775542161

1034-567: The case even if the name were a common word; for example, Suvi ("summer") becomes Suvin in the genitive, not Suven . In 1985, 38% of Finns had a -nen name, 8.9% -la , 7.4% with some other derivative suffix (e.g., -io/-iö , as in Meriö , or -sto/-stö , as in Niinistö ), 17.5% were other Finnish-language names, 14.8% non-Finnish (chiefly Swedish), 13.1% were compound names (e.g., Kivimäki "stone hill", Rautakoski "iron rapids"). Only 0.3% had

1081-579: The character Juhani was officially summoned as Juhani Juhanin-poika Jukola, Toukolan kylästä , in English 'Juhani, son of Juhani, from Jukola farm, Toukola village'. On the other hand, the East Finnish surname tradition dates back to the 13th century. There, the Savonians pursued slash-and-burn agriculture which necessitated moving several times during a person's lifetime. This in turn required

1128-409: The era of Finnish national awakening Finns started adopting "Virtanen-type" surnames, which followed the pattern of the existing surnames in Eastern Finland, but without any personal association, and the suffix -nen acquired a new meaning of an abstract surname-generating suffix. There are also some rare old surnames with suffix -nen of unknown origin, such as Korhonen . Later, the suffix -nen

1175-417: The families to have surnames, which were in wide use among the common folk as early as the 13th century. By the mid-16th century, the East Finnish surnames had become hereditary. Typically, the oldest East Finnish surnames were formed from the first names of the patriarchs of the families (e.g. Ikävalko , Termonen , Pentikäinen ). In the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, new names were most often formed by adding

1222-465: The letter "j" denotes the approximant [j] , as in English you . For example, the two different names Maria and Marja are pronounced nearly identically. The letter "y" denotes the vowel [y] , not found in English, but similar to German "ü" and French "u". "R" is rolled. The stress is always on the first syllable in Finnish. For example, Yrjö Kääriäinen is pronounced [ˈyrjø ˈkæːriæi̯nen] . Double letters always stand for

1269-432: The main holding (e.g. Yli-Ojanperä , Ala-Verronen ). In Pohjanmaa , there are similar prefixes Rinta- and Latva- ('downstream' and 'upstream' respectively). Common suffixes are -nen (in oblique form -se- ; e.g., Miettinen : Miettisen "Miettinen's"). Initially it was a diminutive suffix usually meaning "small", "junior", and -la / -lä , a locative suffix usually meaning "(place) of". The -nen suffix

1316-428: The names of this era, as well as more or less direct translations of Swedish names ( Helleranta < Hällstrand ). Fennicizing one's name also concealed non-Finnish origin. For example, Martti Ahtisaari 's grandfather was Adolfsen from Norway . Nevertheless, Fennicization was not mandatory and thus it is common to find entirely Finnish-speaking families with Swedish surnames; having a Swedish name does not imply one

1363-407: The overall modernization process and especially, the political movement of Fennicization brought forth a movement towards the adoption of Finnish surnames. At that time, many people with a Swedish or otherwise foreign surname changed their family name to a Finnish one. The features of nature with endings -o/ö , -nen ( Meriö < meri "sea", Nieminen < niemi "peninsula") are typical of

1410-563: The person moved to a different farm. Multiple names could be recorded in documents, such that for example Pentti Jussila l. Penttilä would be a person named Pentti who had moved from Jussila farm to Penttilä farm. Also, even if one had a surname, one would still be better known by the farm name. Farm names, patronyms and village names could be used to disambiguate between different people, but they were not true inherited surnames. For example, in Aleksis Kivi 's novel Seven Brothers (1870)

1457-513: The place name of the former or current place of residence (e.g., Puumalainen < "of Puumala "). In the East Finnish tradition, women carried the family name of their fathers in feminine form indicated by the -tar suffix (e.g. Puumalatar < Puumalainen ). By the 19th century, this practice fell into disuse due to the influence of Western European surname tradition. Also, women did not change their surnames with marriage. In 1921, surnames became compulsory for all Finns. At this point, if there

Saarinen - Misplaced Pages Continue

1504-502: The population registry within three months of the child's birth. The name may be chosen freely, but it must Exceptions may be made if five or more people of the same gender in the population register already have the name, on grounds of a connection to a foreign state in which the name conforms to the established practice of that state, religious custom, or another specific reason is deemed to apply. As in general in European culture ,

1551-474: The preferred language, and themes were taken from nature. Some of the most common examples of this type are Laine "wave", Vainio "cultivated field", Nurmi "grassland", and Salo "grove". When applicable, -nen or -la / -lä could be suffixed, such as in Koskinen "rapids + nen". Sharing a surname does not imply that the two people are related. Regulation of surnames to prevent two families from sharing

1598-615: The same farm contributed to the number of these shared names. In 21st century Finland, the use of surnames follows the German model . Every person is legally obliged to have a first and last name. A maximum of four first names are allowed (three prior to January 1, 2019). When marrying, a Finnish couple may adopt a shared surname, either one partner's surname or a combination of their surnames. They may also retain their surnames, either can take one of their spouse's surnames and either can combine their surname with that of their spouse. If they take

1645-405: The same name only began with the 1921 act. Before this, multiple families could have had Fennicized or otherwise changed their surnames to the same name. For example, the Finnish name Rautavaara was adopted by persons with the former Swedish names Sirius , Rosenqvist , Backman , Järnberg , Granlund and Mattson . Similarly, the adoption of farm names as surnames by unrelated persons living on

1692-629: The surname Virtanen , the most common surname of this type. Until 2009 Virtanen was the most common surname in Finland, later superseded by Korhonen , which is of unknown origin). The suffix -nen , commonly used as a diminutive , was already in use in Eastern Finland ( Savonia , Karelia ) since the Middle Ages to create surnames in church records from the name of the parent (i.e., used as patronymic , e.g., Pentikäinen ). Most people in Western Finland lacked surnames, and in

1739-418: The surname is seen as more formal and the first names as less formal. Strangers are expected to refer to each other by their surnames and using grammar in formal plural . The use of first names indicates familiarity, and children often refer to each other only by first names. However, many workplaces have familiarity between individuals who work on the same site being assumed. In contrast to European tradition,

1786-435: The surnames preserved in written sources, as these were often formed on the basis of a first name. The first names themselves are usually given in Swedish or Latin forms, as these are the languages used in the records. The name actually used was a Fennicized form of the name, which might have changed as the person became older. For example, a person given the Swedish name Gustaf in the parish register might be called Kustu as

1833-495: The table below, both first and given names are counted. Since the digitalization of the Finnish national population database in the 1970s, the most popular names in Finland (of all Finnish residents or citizens who have lived after that point) have been listed by Of the names listed, Annikki and Marjatta are etymologically related to Anna and Maria , but they are characters in the Kalevala , not used as given names before

1880-477: The use of titles such as tohtori ("Doctor") with surnames is not very common and is found only in highly formal contexts or is considered old-fashioned. The titles equivalent to Mr., Mrs. and Miss are herra , rouva and neiti , respectively. Thus, for example, in formal contexts, Matti Johannes Virtanen may be referred to as herra Virtanen or herra Matti Virtanen if several Virtanens are present. In most other contexts, simply one name, surname or first name,

1927-410: The wishes of the individual. The oldest noble surnames of Swedish origin were not original, but were derived from the charges in the coat of arms , sigil and flag of the family, for example with Svärd (Swedish: "sword"), Kurki/Kurck (Finnish: "crane") and Kirves (Finnish: "axe"). Families of German origin would use the von suffix (e.g., von Wright ). In the late 19th and early 20th century,

Saarinen - Misplaced Pages Continue

1974-415: Was a predominantly agrarian society and the names of West Finns were based on their association with a particular area, farm , or homestead (e.g. Jaakko Jussila 'Jaakko from the place of Jussi'). Farm names typically had the suffix -la , -lä , i.e. "(place) of", and could refer to the husband (like Jussila ) or describe the location (e.g. Isoaho 'large clearing'). This name could change every time

2021-444: Was accepted in the almanac in 1890, followed by numerous others in 1908. About 30% of Finns born in 1910–1939 received a name with Finnish etymology. By the 1930s, the use of Finnish names and name variants was stabilized, and most of the popular names were noted in the almanac. Since then, the almanac has been gradually changed to include new, popular names. At present, all names which have at least 1,000 bearers are incorporated into

2068-522: Was freely interchanged with -son or -poika as late as the 16th century, but its meaning was ambiguous as it could refer not only to a "son", but any member of a patriarch's family, a farm or even a place. For example, the surname Tuomonen could mean "Son of Tuomo" or "Farm of Tuomo" or something else belonging to Tuomo. Over time the suffix '-nen' lost his original meaning and became a generic surname-deriving suffix for surnames of so-called Virtanen type , see examples below. A third tradition of surnames

2115-468: Was introduced into Finland by the Swedish -speaking upper and middle classes which used typical German and Swedish surnames. By custom, all Finnish-speaking people who were able to get a position of some status in urban or learned society, discarded their Finnish name, adopting a Swedish, German or (in case of clergy) a Latin surname. In the case of enlisted soldiers , the new name was given regardless of

2162-402: Was no surname, the homestead names were usually adopted as surnames. Because the inhabitants often included farmhands and other non-family member, holders of the same surname are not necessarily genetically related. A typical feature of such names is the addition of prefixes Ala- or Ali- ('Lower') and Ylä- or Yli- ('Upper'), giving the location of the holding along a waterway in relation to

2209-457: Was often dropped altogether, and pairs of surnames, such as Lahtinen and Lahti , coexist. The surnames like Lahti are called the Laine type surnames, after the surname Laine , the most common one of this type. Finnish surname Finnish given names are often of Christian origin (e.g., Jukka from Greek Johannes ), but Finnish and Swedish origins are also common. In Finnish,

#160839