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33-515: The organization organizes various activities such as regattas, seminars or conferences on the subject of "Sail Training". Sail Training International is best known for organizing the Tall Ships' Races, which are now followed and/or attended by hundreds of thousands of onlookers each year. Sail Training International runs the annual Tall Ships' Races in Europe and the north Atlantic which attract

66-622: A fleet of up to 130 sail training vessels and draws millions of visitors to European ports. Besides organising the Tall Ships' Races, STI is a provider of races and events, conferences and seminars, publications, research and services for the international sail training community. In 2014 they launched an International Sail Endorsement Scheme together with the Nautical Institute . In 1956, the Sail Training International Race Committee (STIRC)

99-745: A friendly competition, organized the first edition of the Tall Ships' Races that took place in 1956 from Torbay – south of England – to Lisbon. It was also due to the perseverant mediation of Teotónio Pereira that, in 1961, Portugal bought the Sagres the school ship of the Portuguese Navy. He married Isabel Maria van Zeller Pereira Palha ( Lisbon , Santa Engrácia, 26 October 1903 –), daughter of Constantino Nicolau Pereira Palha and wife and cousin Maria do Patrocínio Pereira Palha van Zeller, of

132-611: A man of "outstanding ability and distinction". Hoare wrote that Teotónio Pereira gave him his help and friendship from the day of Hoare's arrival to Madrid in May 1940. The testimonials from Carlton Hayes and Samuel Hoare would later become very useful to Theotonio Pereira as, while he was placed as ambassador in Brazil, he was unduly accused by the press of having been close to the Nazis. Among other things, Teotónio Pereira, shared with Salazar

165-399: A monohull sailing vessel of at least 9.4 metres (30 ft) that is conducting sail training and education under sail voyages. Participating ships range from yachts to the large square-rigged sail training ships run by charities, schools and navies of many countries. After World War II, tall ships were a dying breed, having lost out to steam-powered ships several decades before. It was

198-584: A new and independent organization – one owned and controlled by the STAs of the various states.[4] Sail Training International took over ISTA's property, employees and contracts with regatta and event ports a few months after its formation. Co-founding National Sail Training Organizations were those of Australia, Belgium, Bermuda, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden,

231-544: A profound attachment to the historic Anglo-Portuguese alliance , and during the war years in Madrid, Teotónio Pereira proved himself a good friend of Britain. Mr. Carlton Hayes , then his American colleague in the diplomatic corps wrote of him in his book, Wartime Mission in Spain : "His strong patriotism was at all times evident as was also his loyalty to the historic Anglo-Portuguese alliance. He recognized, as fully as we did,

264-555: A reality. The first Tall Ships' race was held in 1956. It was a race of 20 of the world's remaining large sailing ships. The race was from Torquay , Devon to Lisbon , and was meant to be a last farewell to the era of the great sailing ships. Public interest was so intense, however, that race organizers founded the Sail Training International association to direct the planning of future events. Since then Tall Ships' Races have occurred annually in various parts of

297-519: A really neutral Peninsular bloc, he contributed immeasurably, at a time when the British and ourselves had much less influence, toward counteracting the propaganda and pleas of our enemies". Later in the same book, Hayes wrote of a "prodigious number of refugees", who began pouring into Spain in November and December 1942. Most were Frenchmen, half starved, without money or clothes, and Hayes wrote of

330-547: A retired solicitor from London, Bernard Morgan, who first dreamed up the idea of bringing young cadets and seamen under training together from around the world to participate in a friendly competition. The Portuguese Ambassador to the UK, Pedro Teotónio Pereira , was a big supporter of this original idea and believed that such a race would bring together the youth of the world's seafaring peoples. These two figures started discussions in 1953 and three years later they saw their vision become

363-1081: A squall during the 1984 race. 19 of the 28 crew were killed. In the 2013 race, the Norwegian vessel Wyvern was shipwrecked between the Swedish islands of Gotland and Öland in the Baltic Sea . The crew were rescued. A man from the Dutch schooner Wylde Swan was presumed drowned after he and two others from the schooner had boarded the Wyvern in an attempt to save it from going down. The Tall Ships' Races are organised by Sail Training International (STI) an international association of national sail training organisations devoted to promoting "the education and development of young people of all nationalities, religions and social backgrounds, through sail training ". Pedro Teot%C3%B3nio Pereira Pedro Teotónio Pereira (7 November 1902 – 14 November 1972)

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396-408: Is square-rigged vessels and all other vessels over 40 m LOA , and classes B/C/D are 9.14 m to under 40 m LOA. Participating vessels are manned by a largely cadet or trainee crew who are partaking in sail training , 50 percent of which must be aged between 15 and 25 years of age and who do not need any previous experience. Thus, tall ship does not describe a specific type of sailing vessel, but rather

429-885: The North Atlantic Treaty . He was board member of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation . While ambassador in Washington, in 1963, he was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease which forced him to request an early retirement. When Salazar became unable to govern, the President of the Republic, Américo Thomaz, who had the constitutional competence to choose a replacement, thought that Theotónio Pereira would have been “the most suitable personality to succeed Dr. Salazar, if his health had allowed it", as he wrote in his memoirs. In 1951, while he

462-539: The Spanish Civil War and achieved immense prestige and influence. Later, in April 1938, he officially become Portuguese Ambassador to Spain, where he remained throughout World War II. Following Salazar's policies Teotónio Pereira supported Franco from the very beginning but assumed the complicated role of fighting the influence of both Italians and Germans. The prestige and the influence that he gained with

495-655: The actuarial science in Switzerland. In his youth we was an active member of the Lusitanian Integralism and very close to António Sardinha . His expertise in life insurance and actuarial science caused him to be called by Salazar to reform the Portuguese social security system. At the end of World War I, a new legislation on compulsory social insurance had been introduced in Portugal, but

528-524: The Court of St. James, London (1953–58) and again in Washington (1961–63). When Teotónio Pereira was named the Portuguese ambassador to Washington, there were protests from members of the Portuguese-American community, who considered him to be an "extreme nationalist". As Portugal’s plenipotentiary in Washington he co-signed with President Truman, on 24 August 1949, the document implementing

561-586: The International Sail Training Association (ISTA), a wholly owned subsidiary of the British Sail Training Association, whose role was to continue to organize the Tall Ships' Races. Today's Sail Training International was formed in 2002 by the 20 Sail Training Associations and organizations that exist around the world and promote the idea of Sail Training nationwide, to transfer ISTA's duties to

594-640: The Prussian Maximilian August Hermann von Boetischer, an engineer , linked to the installation of the telephones in Portugal, and wife Maria José da Silva. His older brother Luís Teotónio Pereira was also a politician. Teotónio Pereira, graduated in Mathematics by the University of Lisbon . After his graduation, with the aim of following his family tradition in the insurance business, he made post-graduation studies in

627-495: The Spanish authorities proved to be of great support to allies during World War II. His role as ambassador during the war has been praised both by scholars and his fellow ambassadors. Scholars have used adjectives like brilliant, shrewd and observant and Samuel Hoare, 1st Viscount Templewood , the British ambassador in Madrid from 1940 to 1944, described in his book "Ambassador on Special Mission" Teotónio Pereira as an ally and

660-764: The United Kingdom, and the United States of America. Since 2003 Sail Training International has been recognized as a non-profit organization. Members of STI are the national sail training associations of: In 2007 Sail Training International was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize for its work in promoting international understanding and friendship. Tall Ships%27 Races The Tall Ships Races are races for sail training " tall ships " ( sailing ships ). The races are designed to encourage international friendship and training for young people in

693-478: The art of sailing. The races are held annually in European waters and consists of two racing legs of several hundred nautical miles , and a "cruise in company" between the legs. Over one half of the crew of each ship participating in the races must consist of young people. Between 1973 and 2003 the races were known as The Cutty Sark Tall Ships Races , having been sponsored by Cutty Sark whisky . From 2004 to 2010

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726-446: The corporatist structure and initiated a comprehensive social welfare system. This system was equally anti-capitalist and anti-socialist. The corporatisation of the working class was accompanied by strict legislation regulating business. Workers' organisations were subordinated to state control, but granted a legitimacy that they had never before enjoyed and were made beneficiaries of a variety of new social programs. Nevertheless, even in

759-605: The danger both to Portugal and to the Allied cause in any Axis intervention in Spain or in any unneutral collaboration of Spain with the Axis. Though he distrusted Serrano Súñer and heartily disliked the Falange, his long and close association with other influential advisers of General Franco and with large segments of the Spanish people stood us, as well as himself, in good stead.... In his constant endeavor to draw Spain with Portugal into

792-469: The decisive intervention of Teotónio Pereira in favour of 16,000 French military refugees who were trying in 1943 to get from Spain to North Africa to join the Allied forces. In that group were also Polish, Dutch and Belgians, most of whom were soldiers or would-be soldiers. According to Hayes, the Poles, in particular, were destined to perform brilliant feats in the later Italian campaign. In July 1945 he

825-445: The enthusiastic early years, corporatist agencies were not at the centre of power and therefore corporatism was not the true base of the whole system. He also served as Minister of Commerce and Industry (1936–1937). Unlike Britain, Portugal supported Franco from the outset. In January 1938, Teotónio Pereira was appointed by António de Oliveira Salazar Special Agent of Portuguese government near Francisco Franco 's government during

858-754: The lack of scientific studies caused the outcome of the experience of the Portuguese first Republic to be weak. Together with Salazar, Teotónio Pereira launched new legislation and established the foundations of the Portuguese Social Security system under the Estado Novo. He was one of the main builders of the corporativist politics of the Portuguese Estado Novo dictatorship. He served as Sub-Secretary of State of Corporations and Social Welfare, reporting directly to Salazar, and he enacted extensive legislation that shaped

891-543: The races were supported by the City , Province and Port of Antwerp . The sponsor of the Tall Ships Races 2010–2014 was the city of Szczecin . By the 21st century, "tall ship" is often used generically for large, classic, sailing vessels, but is also a technically defined term by Sail Training International. The definitions are subject to various technicalities, but by 2011 there are only two size classes, class A

924-467: The world, with millions of spectators. Today, the race attracts more than a hundred ships, among these some of the largest sailing ships in existence, like the Portuguese Sagres . The 50th Anniversary Tall Ships' Races took place during July and August 2006 and was started by the patron, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh , who also started the first race in 1956. The bark Marques sank in

957-677: Was a Portuguese politician and diplomat . He played a decisive role for the Allies, in drawing Spain with Portugal into a neutral peninsular bloc during World War II. He was a son of João Teotónio Pereira, Jr. ( Lisbon , 1869 – Lisbon, São Domingos de Benfica, 1948), administrator of the Companhia de Seguros Fidelidade, and wife Virgínia Hermann von Boetischer (Lisbon, Santa Engrácia, 1871 – Lisbon, 1969), paternal grandson of João Teotónio Pereira (1832–1916) and wife Clara Sobral (1840 – Freixo de Espada à Cinta , Fornos, 1910) and maternal grandson of

990-789: Was a great success in North America and Europe and was later published in sixteen languages. The Quest of the Schooner Argus made news on the BBC, in the main London newspapers, the National Geographic Magazine, and the New York Times. In 1953, Teotónio Pereira, together with Bernard Morgan, inspired by the idea of bringing young cadets and seamen under training together from around the world to compete in

1023-559: Was ambassador in Washington, Teotónio Pereira invited the Australian Navy official Alan Villiers to get on board of the schooner Argus, a fine cod fishing four-masted schooner, and to record the last commercial activity ever to make use of sails in ocean-crossings. Villiers ended up publishing a book, "The Quest Of The Schooner Argus: A voyage to the Grand Banks and Grenland on a modern four masted fishing schooner". The book

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1056-579: Was awarded the Grand Cross of the Spanish Order of Charles III , the most distinguished civil award that can be granted in Spain, restricted to 100 Spanish citizens and very seldom awarded to foreigners. He considered himself a "faithful servant of Salazar " and is remembered as one of the main accusers of Aristides de Sousa Mendes . He later became Portuguese ambassador in Brazil (1945–47), ambassador in Washington (1947–50), Ambassador to

1089-451: Was formed in the United Kingdom to organize a unique international tall ships' regatta. Due to the popularity of the regatta with the public and participating vessels, the first regatta evolved into the regular Tall Ships' Races (1973–2003 under the name Cutty Sark Tall Ships' Races), which continued to be organized by the STIRC. It was later succeeded by the British Sail Training Association or

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