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14-697: The town lies on the river Nive , 8 km (5.0 mi) from the Spanish border, and is the head town of the region of Basse-Navarre (Lower Navarre in English) and was classified among the Most Beautiful Villages of France in 2016. The Pays de Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port, also called Pays de Cize ( Garazi in Basque ), is the region surrounding Saint-Jean-Pied-Port. The town's layout is essentially one main street with sandstone walls encircling. It

28-528: A bakery, lists the price of wheat in 1789. The 14th-century red schist Gothic church, Notre-Dame-du-Bout-du-Pont, stands by the Porte d'Espagne. The original was built by Sancho the Strong of Navarre to commemorate the 1212 Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa where Moorish dominance of Spain was undermined. Above the town at the top of the hill is the citadel , remodelled by Vauban in the 17th century. Outside

42-482: A large market, with sheep and cattle driven into the town. At 5pm, there is a communal game of bare-handed pelote at the fronton . There are large fairs four times a year. Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port station is the southern terminus of the railway line from Bayonne through the French Basque Country, along the valley of the river Nive, with several services each day. It is 1 km from the centre of

56-595: A river in France is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Bayonne%E2%80%93Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port railway The Bayonne - Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port railway is a French 52-kilometre long railway line, that connects the Bayonne to Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port , running through the foothills of the Pyrenees . The railway was opened fully in 1898. The Bayonne - Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port railway leaves

70-474: Is about 50 kilometres (31 mi) by air and 75 kilometres (47 mi) on road away from Pamplona ( Basque : Iruña ), the capital of Upper Navarre , across the Spanish border. The original town at nearby Saint-Jean-le-Vieux was razed to the ground in 1177 by the troops of Richard the Lionheart after a siege. The Kings of Navarre refounded the town on its present site shortly afterwards. The town

84-474: The Bayonne station in a southerly direction. It crosses the river Adour south of Bayonne town centre, and then splits with the Toulouse-Bayonne railway and Bordeaux-Irun railway . It continues through valleys within the Pyrenees until it reaches Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port station , its south-eastern terminus. The line opened in 3 sections between 1891 and 1898 as follows: Between 1930 and 1931

98-650: The Way of St. James , the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela , as it stands at the base of the Roncevaux Pass across the Pyrenees . Pied-de-Port means 'foot of the pass' in Pyrenean French. The routes from Paris, Vézelay and Le Puy-en-Velay meet at Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port and it was the pilgrims' last stop before the arduous mountain crossing. In 1998, the Porte St-Jacques (city gate)

112-471: The Nive river. At one point, where the line crosses the river on a truss bridge, the ballast has been washed away over a distance of about 30 feet and the rail and crossties are suspended in mid-air. There is a collection of driftwood at this point; evidence of flood damage (probably at this location: 43.256303, -1.320315). The line was reopened on November 22, 2015. The Bayonne - Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port railway

126-468: The line was electrified to 1.5 kV DC , however in May 2010 the line was de-electrified to reduce the costs of renewing the electrical equipment. As of 2014 no trains run south from Cambo-les-Bains and a rail replacement bus service is used from this station onwards to SJPP. The rails are rusty and there are weeds growing up between the crossties. The line hugs a river valley and in places is only 20 feet above

140-554: The town. Biarritz Airport is the closest airport to Saint Jean Pied de Port. Nive The Nive ( French pronunciation: [niv] ; Basque : Errobi ; Occitan : Niva ) is a French river that flows through the French Basque Country . It is a left tributary of the river Adour . It is 78.9 km (49.0 mi) long. The river's source in the Pyrenees in Lower Navarre . The river Nive

154-739: The walls is a new town, with the Hôtel de Ville and a pelota fronton . Traditional crafts and foods remain in the town, including Basque linen from the Inchauspé family since 1848. The town is now an important tourist centre for the Pyrenees and the French Basque country and there are shops, restaurants and hotels. St-Jean-Pied-de-Port specializes in goat cheese, like the Ossau-Iraty AOP cheese, artisanal trout breeding and piperade omelette with peppers and Bayonne ham. Mondays see

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168-643: Was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites as part of the sites along the Routes of Santiago de Compostela in France . The cobbled rue de la Citadelle runs down hill and over the river from the fifteenth century Porte St-Jacques to the Porte d'Espagne by the bridge. From the bridge, there are views of the old houses with balconies overlooking the Nive. Many of the buildings are very old, built of pink and grey schist , and retain distinctive features, including inscriptions over their doors. One,

182-648: Was made famous by the Le petit Nicolas series. The Nive proper is formed from three head rivers in Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port : The Nive passes through the towns of Estérençuby (Nive de Béhérobie), Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port , Bidarray , Cambo-les-Bains , Ustaritz , Villefranque and Bayonne , where it flows into the Adour. This Pyrénées-Atlantiques geographical article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to

196-533: Was thereafter a town of the Kingdom of Navarre , and the seat of the sheriff of the Lower Navarre district ("merindad" of Ultrapuertos or Deça-Ports ). It remained as such up to the period of the Spanish conquest (1512-1528) when King Henry II of Navarre decided to transfer the seat of the royal institutions to Saint Palais (Donapaleu) on safety grounds. The town has traditionally been an important point on

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