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46-486: Saint-Maur-des-Fossés owes its name to Saint-Maur Abbey , founded in 638 by Queen Nanthild , regent for her son Clovis II , at a place called Fossati in Medieval Latin and Les Fossés in modern French , meaning "the moats". This place, located at the narrow entrance of a loop where the river Marne made its way round a rocky outcrop, was probably named after the moats of an ancient Celtic oppidum and later

92-534: A Roman castrum ; the site was known in medieval documents as Castrum Bagaudarum , at a time when the marauding Bagaudae had developed a legendary reputation as defenders of Christians against Roman persecution. Massive foundations, sited so far from a Roman frontier , were attributed by C. Jullian to a temple or a villa instead. In Merovingian times, Gallo-Roman villas in the royal fisc were repeatedly donated as sites for monasteries under royal patronage. The abbey, dedicated to Saint Peter , Saint Paul and

138-458: A church (known as "Abbatiale I"), it was built in 639, under the regency of Queen Nanthild , mother of Clovis II , on a ruined castrum , located in a peninsula formed by a meander of the Marne , on the territory of the future commune of Saint-Maur by a deacon of Paris named Blidegisilus. It took the name of "Saint-Pierre-du-Fossé" referring to the terrain of the place which is very steep up to

184-407: A market during the thirteenth century. The present territory also includes a formerly distinct village, La Varenne-Saint-Hilaire , against the perimeter of the nearby game preserve of Saint-Hilaire, part of the abbey's domaines. In 1791, part of the territory of Saint-Maur-des-Fossés was detached and became the commune of La Branche-du-Pont-de-Saint-Maur , later renamed Joinville-le-Pont . After

230-475: A new Polyptych begun, that is, a general inventory of the abbey's domains. In 1275 he had a Cartulary made, a collection of charters which, together with the Polyptych, formed a 600-page work known as the "Black Book". This document is a source of information on the customs and social organization of the 13th century. At his death on 5 June 1285, Pierre de Chevry was buried in the chapel of Saint Martin, which

276-610: Is 654.0 mm (25.75 in) with December as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 21.3 °C (70.3 °F), and lowest in January, at around 5.2 °C (41.4 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Joinville-le-Pont was 42.5 °C (108.5 °F) on 25 July 2019; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −15.6 °C (3.9 °F) on 17 January 1985. Joinville-le-Pont

322-518: Is a commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris , France . It is located 9.4 km (5.8 mi) from the center of Paris . The commune was created in 1791 under the name La Branche-du-Pont-de-Saint-Maur (literally "The Branch of Saint-Maur's Bridge") by detaching its territory from the commune of Saint-Maur-des-Fossés . The commune was renamed Joinville-le-Pont (literally "Joinville the Bridge") on 29 August 1831. Under Louis-Philippe of France ,

368-613: Is a French racing driver. Manu Katché (born 27 October 1958 in Saint-Maur-des-Fossés) is a French drummer and songwriter. Vincenzo Peruggia (1881–1925), an Italian thief who stole the Mona Lisa on 21 August 1911, died in Saint-Maur-des-Fossés. Laurent Pimond (born 6 April 1965 in Saint-Maur-des-Fossés) is a former French footballer . Germaine Tailleferre (1892–1983) was the only woman in

414-503: Is one of the bus terminal. There are 25 public preschools ( écoles maternelles ) and primary schools in the commune. Public junior high schools: Public senior high schools: Private schools: Saint-Maur-des-Fossés organizes an annual Short Subject Festival. Saint-Maur-des-Fossés was the filming location for the old-Paris sections of the 1958 Academy award winning film Mon Oncle by Jacques Tati . A statue of Tati in character as Monsieur Hulot along with two other characters from

460-584: Is one of the most important green spaces of the city. It is regularly used for festive events, including: the festival "Courts dans l'Herbe" (2005 to 2009), "Saint-Maur Médiéval" which takes place every year in May, as well as the European Heritage Days organized every year in September. Joinville-le-Pont Joinville-le-Pont ( French pronunciation: [ʒwɛ̃vil lə pɔ̃] )

506-439: Is partly known by a lapidary collection (three statues-columns and two twin chapiters ) was explored during the surveys carried out in 1988. The eastern cemetery, located outside the enclosure built in the 14th century, was explored in 1966-1969, 1970-1972 and again in 1983, revealing burials from the 11th-13th centuries, using stone forms, some of which had cephalomorphic features. The parc de l'abbaye of Saint-Maur-des-Fossés

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552-556: The Edict of Saint-Maur , which prohibited all religions but Catholicism . It prompted fierce religious intolerance in Paris and eventually led to the 1572, St. Bartholomew's Day massacre . Building projects at the site were only interrupted by Catherine's death (1589); the château was sold to the Condé family and was eventually completed, and furnished with extensive parterres , at the end of

598-512: The Middle Ages , the relics of Saint Maurus became very famous as they were supposed to heal gout and epilepsy , and Saint Pierre des Fossés became one of the most famous pilgrimage centers of medieval France. The rededication to Saint Maurus, in which abbey was renamed Saint-Maur-des-Fossés ("Saint Maurus of the Moats"), was justified by the story that during a drought in 1137, prayers to

644-621: The Prince of Condé and demolished. The Notre-Dame-des-Miracles chapel was closed during the French Revolution . In 1858-1861, the owner of the site, Édouard Bourières, brought together the different parts of the site and had the side of the abbey church and the Romanesque crypt excavated. He transformed the canons' stables into a curious neo-renaissance villa which still exists. The estate, which had passed to Senator Adolphe Maujan,

690-540: The Redoute de Gravelle was built in the commune. In 1929, the commune of Joinville-le-Pont lost more than a third of its territory when the city of Paris annexed the Bois de Vincennes , a part of which belonged to Joinville-le-Pont. Joinville-le-Pont has an oceanic climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfb ). The average annual temperature in Joinville-le-Pont is 12.9 °C (55.2 °F). The average annual rainfall

736-615: The Saint-Maur-des-Fossés suburb of Paris, France. The remains and the domain of the abbey have been transformed into a pleasure park named Parc de l'abbaye . The former abbey building has been replaced by a square at the corner of Avenue de Condé and Rue de l'Abbaye. Some ruins remain, such as the Rabelais tower, the 19th century Bourières villa and the old fortifications. The remains of the abbey have been classified as historical monuments since 13 June 1988. An abbey with

782-915: The Virgin Mary , was called Sanctus Petrus Fossatensis in Medieval Latin ( Saint Pierre des Fossés in French), meaning "Saint Peter of the Moats". It was founded by Blidegisil, archdeacon of Paris, in 638. One of the early abbots was Saint Babolen (died c.  671 ). In 868, King Charles the Bald invited the monks of the Abbey of Saint-Maur de Glanfeuil (in Le Thoureil , Maine-et-Loire , western France), who had fled their abbey due to Viking invasion, to relocate to Saint Pierre des Fossés with their precious relics of Saint Maurus . Later in

828-484: The "Parc de l'Abbaye", marks, according to tradition, the location of the primitive church where Babolein was buried. At the beginning of the 9th century, the abbey was one of the first to benefit from the vast reform imposed by Louis the Pious and the church (known as "Abbatiale II"), dedicated on 7 December 829, was rebuilt by Abbot Benedict (813-839), under the aegis of Count Beggo of Toulouse . On 13 November 868, on

874-709: The "Rabelais tower," remains today. In January 1378, Emperor Charles IV of the Holy Roman Empire, King of Bohemia, during a trip from Prague to visit his nephew Charles V, made a pilgrimage to Saint-Maur to cure his gout. He lived at the Abbey with his son and heir Wenceslaus and met the French king on 12 and 15 January. In 1430, the Armagnacs and then the English successively seized the abbey and pillaged it. In

920-448: The 15th century, the abbot's residence in the abbey was the scene of the signing of two treaties: The abbey fell in commendam in 1493 to Raoul V du Fou, bishop of Évreux , before being secularized in 1533 by its last abbot, the cardinal and bishop of Paris, Jean du Bellay . It became a chapter of canons. It is there that the cardinal, who became the first dean, welcomed Rabelais in 1536. Accused of apostasy and irregularity, Rabelais

966-753: The Annunciation in polychrome wood on which he had been working was finished. It is an " acheiropoietic " work known as Our Lady of Miracles "Virgo audiens"; conversions, graces and miracles have been attributed to her. It is now in a chapel in the parish church of Saint Nicholas. In 1096, the Glanfeuil Abbey was lost as a result of the intrigues of Fulk IV, Count of Anjou who wanted to take revenge on King Philip I of France who had taken his wife Bertrade of Montfort . The abbacies of Thibaud II (1107-1134) and Ascelin I (1134-1153) are marked by an intense artistic activity, manuscripts, and ornamentation of

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1012-479: The Notre-Dame-des-Miracles chapel was uncovered in 1967-1968. The northern part of the nave of this building, still partially elevated, was explored in 1970-1972. The nave of the chapel was partially excavated between 1980 and 1982 following the discovery of a funerary urn, revealing the paving and the clawed bases of the columns of the 12th century Romanesque apse building. This excavation allowed

1058-459: The Venerable, who in 989 entrusted the task of reforming the monastery to Saint Majolus of Cluny . Bouchard's son-in-law, Thibault I of Corbeil, abbot of Cormery, became regular abbot of Saint-Maur in 1005, the year of Bouchard the Venerable's death, and "Abbatiale IV" was solemnly rededicated on 13 November 1030 under Abbot Eudes II. It is a vast Romanesque pilgrimage church with a crypt under

1104-768: The Vieux-Saint-Maur or other local archaeological associations, the Commission du Vieux-Paris, departmental archaeologists or those commissioned by the State Archaeological Service) throughout the 20th century Stéphane Ardouin, David Coxall, Sophie Benhaddou, Pascale Chardron-Picault et Philippe Huard, "L'abbaye médiévale de Saint-Mur-des-Fossés (Val-de-Marne), état des connaissances archéologiques," Actes du colloque de Créteil, Revue archéologique d'Île-de-France, supplément n°3 , 2015, p. 175-190 ( ISSN   2101-3608 ). The abbey church

1150-624: The Virgin and Saints Peter and Paul having been ineffective, prayer to Saint Maur brought the needed rainfall. The abbey was secularised in 1535, and in 1541, the architect Philibert Delorme designed a château on the site for Cardinal Jean du Bellay , bishop of Paris, on four ranges of building around a square central court. Catherine de' Medici was a frequent visitor, preferring it to the château de Vincennes ; in 1563 she acquired this "château du Bellay" , and substantially rebuilt it. On September 23, 1568, her teenage son, King Charles IX , issued

1196-565: The abbacy of Adhelnée around 925, Saint-Maur fell into decadence like many other abbeys and was in the hands of lay abbots , the counts of Paris: Hugh the Great , Hugh Capet and Bouchard le vénérable, who was also count of Vendôme , Montoire and Lavardin, then of Corbeil and Melun. The monastery was run by a certain "abbot" Mainard who preferred to train his monks to hunt dogs and falcons rather than devote himself to religious life. The monk Adic complained about these disturbances to Count Bouchard

1242-499: The abbey are classified as historical monuments since 13 June 1988. The excavation carried out in 1861 on the initiative of the former owner Bourières is the first of a series of more or less well carried out and documented interventions on the former abbey site, in the enclosure of the current park or to the north, now occupied by a medical-educational institute and a retirement home. The archaeological explorations or chance discoveries were carried out by various people (associations of

1288-474: The abbey itself was abandoned, its church providing building materials in the town. During the French Revolution , Saint-Maur-des-Fossés was temporarily renamed Vivant-sur-Marne (meaning "Alive upon Marne") in a gesture of rejection of religion. After the Revolution, the official name of the commune was simply Saint-Maur; it is only in 1897 that "des-Fossés" was re-added to the name, probably to conform to

1334-462: The choir and a triple nave of six bays with one or several bell towers. In 1058 Guillaume Guerlenc count of Corbeil, became the advocatus of the abbey where he retired as a monk after taking a vow. According to a medieval legend, on 10 July 1068 a certain Rumolde, a sculptor, left his workshop briefly to answer a call he thought he heard. When he returned, he found that the statue of the Virgin of

1380-429: The cloister; most of the preserved sculptures date from this period. In 1134, the abbot of Ascelin I received from Stephen of Senlis , bishop of Paris, the abbey of Saint-Eloi en la cité which was attached to Saint-Maur. On this date, the Abbey of Saint-Maur became the owner of the domain of this abbey, which included the bourg Saint-Paul around the church of Saint-Paul-des-Champs, the agricultural land that extended from

1426-408: The discovery of a 14th century glazed tile floor working with a new flat chevet replacing the old semi-circular Romanesque apse. This floor was later raised by a stoop, then abandoned and replaced by a pavement, pierced by some burials. The abbey dwelling and part of the outbuildings were observed in 1966 during the supervision of the construction of a retirement home. The cloister, whose decoration

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1472-602: The film is visible in the Commune at Place d'Arme. US Lusitanos Saint-Maur  was founded in 1966 by Portuguese immigrants who worked in a factory in the town. They play their games at the Stade Adolphe-Chéron. Saint-Maur-des-Fossés is twinned with: Saint-Maur Abbey Saint-Maur Abbey ( French : Abbaye de Saint-Maur ), originally called the Abbaye des Fossés , is a former abbey now subsumed in

1518-423: The first to methodologically explore the entire stratigraphy of the site, brought to light Iron Age levels, well before the installation of the abbey, a few levels attributable to the early Middle Ages, including a Carolingian pit, and also traces of an 11th century buttressed building (partly observed in 1983-1984), the function of which is undetermined, to the north of the choir of the abbey. The primitive apse of

1564-556: The group of composers known as Les Six . Saint-Maur-des-Fossés is almost entirely surrounded by a loop of the river Marne . An immigrant is a person born in a foreign country not having French citizenship at birth. An immigrant may have acquired French citizenship since moving to France, but is still considered an immigrant in French statistics. On the other hand, persons born in France with foreign citizenship (the children of immigrants) are not listed as immigrants. Saint-Maur leans to

1610-476: The historical name and also to distinguish Saint-Maur-des-Fossés from other communes of France also called Saint-Maur. In 1924, a few vestiges of the abbey were collected in the newly established Musée du vieux Saint-Maur. Philippe Diolé (1908 – 1977), diver, writer and explorer, was born in Saint-Maur-des-Fossés. Roland Douce (1939–2018), plant biologist, was born in Saint-Maur-des-Fossés. Fabien Giroix (born 17 September 1960 in Saint-Maur-des-Fossés)

1656-516: The instructions of Charles the Bald , the abbey collected the relics of Saint Maurus from the Glanfeuil Abbey , near Saumur , which was threatened by the Vikings. Abbot Udon/Eudes I of Glanfeuil (died in 886), then became abbot of Saint-Maur and Glanfeuil became a priory . The "Abbatiale III" was rebuilt around 920 for the abbot Rainaud I by Count Hagano , favorite of Charles the Simple . After

1702-468: The pope to settle this problem of dates, and to allow Rabelais to regain his freedom legally. From the 17th century, the buildings, badly maintained and badly managed, threatened to fall into ruin. In 1735 the archbishop of Paris prohibited the great pilgrimage of Saint John, then on 23 April 1749, Christophe de Beaumont , archbishop of Paris, decided to abolish the chapter and to attach it to that of Saint-Louis-du-Louvre . The buildings were sold in 1751 to

1748-474: The right in presidential elections, giving François Fillon 33% of its votes in the first round of the 2017 French presidential election . Saint-Maur-des-Fossés is served by four stations on Paris RER line A : Saint-Maur – Créteil , Le Parc de Saint-Maur , Champigny , and La Varenne – Chennevières . Saint-Maur-des-Fossés is also served by many buses, like the TVM (Trans-Val-de-Marne), where Saint-Maur-Créteil

1794-464: The river. Babolein is mentioned as early as 9 May 641 as the first abbot. Audebert, bishop of Paris , refrained from intervening in the organization of the monastery in 643. In 658, the monastery received royal immunity from Clothar III . The oldest original documents in the abbey's archives are two charters, the first from 695-701 from Childebert IV and the second from 22 April 717. The Notre-Dame des Miracles chapel, whose ruins can still be seen in

1840-464: The seventeenth century. The Château de Saint-Maur, still in the possession of the Condé family, was nationalised during the French Revolution , emptied of its contents, and its terrains divided up among real-estate speculators. The structure was demolished for the value of its materials; virtually nothing remains. The little settlement that grew around the abbey, known as Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, developed

1886-497: The site of the rue Saint-Antoine to the territory of the present 12th arrondissement of Paris and beyond to Charenton , and the exercise of the right of low, medium and high justice over the inhabitants. In a 1136 bull of the Pope Innocent II , mention is made for the first time of the chapel Saint-Bon of Paris belonging to the abbey of Saint-Maur-des-Fossés. On 14 July 1256 Pierre de Chevry, prior of Saint-Éloi,

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1932-401: Was absolved by the pope but, by the brief of Paul III of 1536, had to commit himself to return to a Benedictine monastery of his choice and not to perform any more surgical operations. Cardinal du Bellay offered to receive him in the monastery of which he was the abbot. However, as the abbey had become a chapter of canons just before Rabelais came there, a new dispensation had to be requested from

1978-441: Was elected abbot to replace Jean I of Auxonne (1251-1256) who had "shown himself to be detestable" and had been deposed. For 30 years, Pierre I de Chevry left a strong mark on the monastic life of Saint-Maur. He was the first of the mitred abbots of the monastery and like the bishops he wore a ring, a dalmatic and a crosier . He instituted new offices such as those of Chamberlain, Cellarer and Treasurer. In 1273 Abbot Pierre I had

2024-533: Was given to the Dominican sisters who occupied it from 1920 to 1958 before selling it to the Caisse des Dépôts . The site was finally bought by the city of Saint-Maur in 1962. Today, the abbey no longer exists and has been replaced by a square at the corner of avenue de Condé and rue de l'Abbaye. Some ruins remain, such as the Rabelais tower, the 19th century Bourières villa and the old fortifications. The remains of

2070-536: Was open to the north transept of the abbey church and which he had had rebuilt. The reconstruction work in "Gothic" style of the choir and the chevet of the church, which now reaches 86 meters in length, was completed around 1281. Around 1358, during the Hundred Years' War , the abbey sheltered the troops of the Dauphin, the future King Charles V . Fortifications were built, of which the western tower, known as

2116-433: Was the object of several successive interventions which allowed the excavation of Carolingian burials, burials in stone formwork of the 11th-13th centuries and the walls of the nave in 1933 and 1982, a glazed tile floor of the 13th century on the north of the choir in 1933 and 1967. The north of the choir and the nave of the abbey church were uncovered during surveys carried out in 1958-1959 and especially in 1988. The latter,

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