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36-558: Adams was born in Dunkirk, New York . Adams was a muckraker, known for exposing public-health injustices. He was the son of Myron Adams, Jr., a minister, and Hester Rose Hopkins. Adams attended Hamilton College in Clinton, New York from 1887 to 1891. He also attended a semester at Union College. In 1907, Adams divorced his wife, Elizabeth Ruffner Noyes, after having two daughters. Eight years later Adams married an actress, Jane Peyton . Adams

72-704: A Phi Beta Kappa member, in 1929. He then returned to New York and began working for The New York Times . He joined the Music Department there in 1930. In 1935, he was named Music Editor. For about a year, from 1944 to 1945, Taubman served in the Army and worked in Italy as a writer for Stars and Stripes . In 1955, he became the chief music critic at the Times , replacing Olin Downes upon Downes' death. Also in

108-470: A female householder with no husband present, and 39.1% were non-families. 33.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 3.02. In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.3% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

144-417: A freelance writer and used his writings to support himself. In 1905, Adams was hired by Collier's to prepare articles on patent medicines . In a series of 11 articles he wrote for the magazine in 1905, "The Great American Fraud", Adams exposed many of the false claims made about patent medicines, pointing out that in some cases these medicines were damaging the health of the people using them. The series had

180-731: A huge impact and led to the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 . In 1911, the Supreme Court ruled that the prohibition of falsifications referred only to the ingredients of the medicine. This meant that companies were again free to make false claims about their products. Adams returned to the attack, and in another series of articles in Collier's Weekly , Adams exposed the misleading advertising that companies were using to sell their products. Linking his knowledge of newspapers with patent medicines, he wrote The Clarion (1914), which

216-416: A newspaper ad for his show Subways Are for Sleeping . The ad appeared to quote praise from Taubman, Walter Kerr , and other prominent New York critics for the commercially faltering musical. The individuals quoted, however, were not the theater critics themselves, but like-named New Yorkers hired by Merrick to provide positive quotes. From 1966 until he retired in 1972, Taubman was a critic-at-large for

252-616: A reduced contract with the city for advanced life support when needed. In recent years, Dunkirk Fire's dispatching merged with the county dispatch center in Mayville but still maintains its FCC ID of KED 653. Alstar Ambulance has its north county satellite station on Monroe Street in Dunkirk just southwest of NY 60. Dispatching is still controlled by the main station in Jamestown via MEDCOM. Several transportable units are housed here. There

288-466: Is 7a, accommodating for plants that can withstand an average minimum air temperature between 0 °F (−18 °C) and 5 °F (−15 °C). As of the census of 2010, there were 12,563 people, 5,477 households, and 3,690 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,774.6 people per square mile (1,119.2 per km ). There were 6,071 housing units at an average density of 1,340.6 per square mile (517.4 per km ). The city's racial makeup of

324-456: Is a fenced-in and pre-lit landing pad on the property for any medevac needing to use the landing pad. Howard Taubman Hyman Howard Taubman (July 4, 1907 – January 8, 1996) was an American music critic, theater critic, and author. Born in Manhattan, Taubman attended DeWitt Clinton High School and then won a four-year scholarship to Cornell University , from which he graduated, as

360-488: Is land and 0.04 square miles (0.1 km ), or 1.10%, is water. According to the Köppen climate classification system using 1991-2020 data, Dunkirk has an oceanic climate ( Cfb ) closely bordering on both a humid subtropical climate ( Cfa ) and a humid continental climate ( Dfa / Dfb ), owing to the significant moderating influence of Lake Erie that prevails especially during the summer months. The plant hardiness zone

396-630: The American Antiquarian Society in Worcester, Massachusetts. Dunkirk, New York Dunkirk is a city in Chautauqua County, New York , United States. It was settled around 1805 and incorporated in 1880. The population was 12,743 as of the 2020 census . Dunkirk is bordered on the north by Lake Erie . It shares a border with the village of Fredonia to the south, and with the town of Dunkirk to

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432-507: The Brooks Memorial Hospital following a donation by Brooks's daughter in 1898. The city thrived as a steel town for Roebling and others through the 1950s. In addition, it was a manufacturing leader with Plymouth Tube and Ralston Purina . Its coal-burning Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation plant provided power for the region. The plant was mothballed in 2016, negatively impacting Dunkirk's tax base. NRG Energy acquired

468-629: The Times writing about cultural events from around the globe. After retiring from the Times, Taubman worked as a consultant to Exxon Corporation for the PBS series Great Performances . Taubman was the author of several books, primarily related to music. He was the recipient of honorary degrees from the Philadelphia Academy of Music , Oberlin College , and Temple University . Taubman

504-632: The poverty line , including 38.0% of those under age 18 and 11.1% of those age 65 or over. The Chautauqua County/Dunkirk Airport , in the town of Dunkirk , provides training facilities and charter services. Freight railroad service in Dunkirk is provided by CSX Transportation (via the Buffalo-Cleveland-Willard (Ohio)-Chicago Main Line) and Norfolk Southern Railway (Buffalo-Cleveland-Fort Wayne-Chicago Main Line). The Lake Shore Limited daily Amtrak passenger train passes through

540-546: The " Buffalo Billion ." In 2016, Willie Rosas, a former law enforcement officer, became the first Hispanic to be elected mayor in the State of New York. Dunkirk lies on the southeastern shore of Lake Erie and is 45 miles (72 km) southwest of Buffalo . According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has an area of 4.6 square miles (11.8 km ), of which 4.5 square miles (11.7 km )

576-405: The 1950s, Taubman acted as the ghostwriter of Marian Anderson 's autobiography My Lord, What a Morning. In 1960, he took the post of chief drama critic for the Times after Brooks Atkinson retired from that position. Taubman remained in that role until 1965. In 1961, Taubman, along with six other theater critics, was the victim of a famous hoax when Broadway producer David Merrick placed

612-718: The People in It’’ (1917), ‘’Success’’ (1921), ‘’Siege’’ (1924), ‘’The Gorgeous Hussy’’ (1934), ‘’Maiden Effort’’ (1937), ‘’ The Harvey Girls ‘’ (1942; adapted into the 1946 movie musical starring Judy Garland ), ‘’ Canal Town ’’ (1944), ‘’Plunder’’ (1948), ‘’ Grandfather Stories ‘’ (1955), “Chingo Smith of the Erie Canal” (1958) and m. ‘’Average Jones’’ is a series of stories about a detective investigating fraudulent or unusual advertisements. In addition to his many books, Adams also wrote 415 short stories and articles. ‘’Tenderloin’’ described

648-683: The basis for the 1934 film ‘’ It Happened One Night ‘’. Adams’ first solo novel was in 1908, ‘’Flying Death’’, which added to his mystery collection. His best-known novel, ‘’Revelry’’ (1926), based on the scandals of the Warren G. Harding administration , was later followed by ‘’Incredible Era’’ (1939), a biography of Harding. Among his other works are ‘’The Great American Fraud’’ in ‘’ Collier's ‘’ (1905–06), ‘’The Mystery’’ (1907), with S. E. White, ‘’Average Jones’’ (1911), ‘’The Secret of Lonesome Cove’’ (1912), ‘’The Health Master’’ (1913), ‘’The Clarion’’ (1914), ‘’The Unspeakable Perk’’ (1916), ‘’Our Square and

684-472: The battle between Charles H. Parkhurst and Tammany Hall . ‘’ The New York Times ‘’ reviewer H. I. Brock called the book an “outstanding period piece” and “a finale to a long and varied writing career”. ‘’Tenderloin’’ was adapted into a 1960 musical with book by George Abbott and Jerome Weidman and songs by Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick , the team that had created ‘’ Fiorello! ‘’ ‘’Tenderloin’’ ran for 216 performances. New critic Howard Taubman praised

720-474: The city but does not stop. Erie Railroad and New York Central trains stopped at one station. Nickel Plate and Pennsylvania Railroad trains stopped at another station. As recently as 1968 the New York Central operated a Buffalo-Chicago daytime train, #51, the former Empire State Express , that made a stop westbound in Dunkirk. Two other daily trains eastbound stopped in Dunkirk, #64 and #90,

756-411: The city was 65.70% White , 5.1% Black or African American , 0.52% Native American , 0.50 Asian , 0.02% Pacific Islander , 9.14% from other races , and 1.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 26.40% of the population. There were 5,477 households, out of which 28.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.4% were married couples living together, 16.7% had

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792-936: The east and west. Dunkirk is the westernmost city in the state of New York . The Iroquoian languages -speaking Erie people occupied this area of the forested lakefront along the southern shore of Lake Erie well into the 1600s, when Europeans, mostly French, started trading around the Great Lakes . They were pushed out by the Seneca people , one of the Five Nations of the powerful Iroquois League , based here and further east in New York. The European-American demarcation and settlement of Chadwick Bay and subsequent naming of Dunkirk - after Dunkirk in France - began in earnest in 1826. The Dunkirk Lighthouse at Point Gratiot

828-467: The former Chicagoan. In the late 1990s Amtrak considered adding the city as a stop between Buffalo and Erie. Dunkirk was listed as a stop with service "to commence on a date to be announced" on several timetables, but the stop was never added. The New York State Thruway ( Interstate 90 ) passes through the southern edge of the city, with access from Exit 59 ( NY Route 60 ) just east of the city limits. The Thruway leads northeast 42 miles (68 km) to

864-694: The lead; and The Wild Party featuring Clara Bow . Novels published under the pseudonym "Warner Fabian" include: Adams had a winter residence in Beaufort, South Carolina . He died in Beaufort on November 16, 1958, at the age of 87. He was cremated and his ashes were scattered at his home at Owasco Lake in New York State . Adams's papers are archived in academic libraries, including Syracuse University, Hamilton College, and Harvard University. A significant portion of his collections are located at

900-516: The leadership of Police Chief David Ortolano. It employs full-time officers and part-time dispatchers for the police department only. Dunkirk has a paid fire department under the leadership of Fire Chief Mike Edwards. There are three stations throughout the city staffed by the cities 24 Firefighter/EMT's. The firefighters belong to IAFF Local 616, the union for the city's firefighters. As of 2011, Dunkirk Fire started handling 90 percent of EMS transports and billing accordingly. Alstar Ambulance still has

936-560: The manufacture of hardback books (see external links). Adams last book, ‘’Tenderloin’’ (1959), was published after his death and was later adapted into a Broadway musical. In the 1920s and 1930s, Adams, under the pseudonym of Warner Fabian , wrote several novels that at the time were considered highly risqué. These titillating works, which mainly featured young women flappers and their trials and tribulations of early adulthood, often became best-sellers avidly read by Jazz Age youth. Flaming Youth , Adams' first novel of this sort, dealt with

972-467: The model for similar relief efforts in cities elsewhere in the United States. Beginning in the 1980s, the city refocused its economic efforts on revitalizing its pier and fishing, to improve the quality of life for residents and attract more tourists. In addition, in 2016 it attracted a high-tech drug manufacturing project as part of business related to the state project of area investment called

1008-465: The outskirts of Buffalo and southwest 28 miles (45 km) to the Pennsylvania border. New York State Route 5 runs through the center of the city, leading northeast 9 miles (14 km) to Silver Creek and southwest 18 miles (29 km) to Westfield . New York State Route 60 runs from Dunkirk south, heading toward Jamestown, New York . The city of Dunkirk has its own police force under

1044-654: The plant and proceeded with plans to convert it from coal-burning to run on natural gas. Since the 1970s, population has declined following a regional drop in manufacturing as the steel industry and other restructured. Overall employment has declined in the area. Dunkirk gained international recognition in 1946 for the Dunkirk-to-Dunkerque campaign. It was a humanitarian assistance program for its namesake and sister city, Dunkerque, France, which had been devastated in World War II . Dunkirk-to-Dunkerque became

1080-452: The second half of the 19th century was Brooks Locomotive Works , founded in 1869 by Horatio G. Brooks . The Brooks plant built almost 4,000 steam locomotives , for which they won several awards at international exhibitions, and a few of their locomotives were hailed as the fastest and largest locomotives in the world. Brooks Locomotive Works was merged into American Locomotive Company in 1901. The homestead of Horatio G. Brooks became

1116-460: The sexual urges of young women and had a sexual frankness that was shocking for its time. Because of the nature of the novels, Adams utilized the Fabian pseudonym so that his more standard works would not be tainted by any scandal accruing to these novels. Most of these novels were later brought to the screen, including Flaming Youth starring Colleen Moore ; Sailors' Wives , with Mary Astor in

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1152-553: The songs, but complained about a “dragging book” and said, “The wages of virtue, alas, are largely dullness.” Adams also published a biography of Alexander Woollcott (1945) and three books for the Landmark Series, ‘’The Pony Express’’ (1950), ‘’The Santa Fe Trail’’ (1952), and ‘’The Erie Canal’’ (1953). The printing of his 1947 novel ‘’Banner by the Wayside’’ was the subject of an ‘’Encyclopædia Britannica’’ documentary on

1188-408: Was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.8 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 28,313, and the median income for a family was $ 35,058. Males had a median income of $ 29,462 versus $ 21,682 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 15,482. About 18.5% of families and 22.3% of the population were below

1224-636: Was a close friend of both the investigative reporter Ray Stannard Baker and District Attorney Benjamin Darrow . From 1891 to 1900, he was a reporter for the New York Sun where his career began, and then joined McClure's Magazine , where he gained a reputation as a muckraker for his articles on the conditions of public health in the United States. In 1904, Adams became an editorial staffer with McClure's Magazine working with Lincoln Steffens , Ida Tarbell , and Ray Stannard Baker. Adams considered himself

1260-491: Was built soon after and still stands. Dunkirk served as a minor railroad hub and steamship port on Lake Erie into the early 1900s. Both freight and passenger ships traveled the lakes. The city has been the site of the Chautauqua County Fair during the summer for more than 140 years, with the fairgrounds in use for sporadic events and functions at other points in the year. [1] A major employer in Dunkirk in

1296-592: Was critical of newspaper advertising practices and led to a series of consumer-protection articles in the New York Tribune . His service during World War I for the Committee on Public Information led to Common Cause (1919), a novel on a newspaper's battle against pro-Germans in Wisconsin. Adams was a prolific writer, who wrote fiction as well. “Night Bus” (1933), one of his many magazine stories, became

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