Misplaced Pages

#967032

91-663: When a renegade Japanese gang known as the Katana take control of the cocaine trade in Los Angeles , the LAPD transfer in a "samurai" policeman from the SDPD to help tackle the problem. Joe Marshall has been trained by the masters in Japan and “speaks fluent Japanese”, but dresses like a commoner. An attempted bust meets with failure after a bizarre car chase leads to multiple deaths and

182-429: A Vice interview that the lead actor of Samurai Cop , Mathew Karedas , (who is credited as Matt Hannon) was believed by many fans of the cult hit to have been dead for two years. Cocaine Cocaine (from French cocaïne , from Spanish coca , ultimately from Quechua kúka ) is a tropane alkaloid that acts as a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant . As an extract, it

273-540: A withdrawal state with emotional-motivational deficits upon cessation of cocaine use. Crack baby is a term for a child born to a mother who used crack cocaine during her pregnancy. The threat that cocaine use during pregnancy poses to the fetus is now considered exaggerated. Studies show that prenatal cocaine exposure (independent of other effects such as, for example, alcohol, tobacco, or physical environment) has no appreciable effect on childhood growth and development. In 2007, he National Institute on Drug Abuse of

364-426: A bridge between the use of different groups of drugs. It is legal for people to use coca leaves in some Andean nations, such as Peru and Bolivia, where they are chewed, consumed in the form of tea, or are sometimes incorporated into food products. Coca leaves are typically mixed with an alkaline substance (such as lime ) and chewed into a wad that is retained in the buccal pouch (mouth between gum and cheek, much

455-503: A class of functionality different from both its own derived phenyltropanes analogues which have that removed. In addition to this, cocaine has some target binding to the site of the κ-opioid receptor . Cocaine also causes vasoconstriction , thus reducing bleeding during minor surgical procedures. Recent research points to an important role of circadian mechanisms and clock genes in behavioral actions of cocaine. Media Blasters Media Blasters , sometimes abbreviated as MB ,

546-455: A final sword battle between Joe and Yamashita ends the Katanas' reign of terror. At the end, Joe and Jennifer embrace again on the beach. The film moved swiftly into production, within a week of Amir Shervan and ex- Sylvester Stallone bodyguard Matt Hannon's first meeting. Upon walking into Shervan's office for the first time, Matt Hannon was told that he was perfect and was immediately handed

637-517: A flat, hard surface (such as a mobile phone screen, mirror, CD case or book) and divided into "bumps", "lines" or "rails", and then insufflated. A 2001 study reported that the sharing of straws used to "snort" cocaine can spread blood diseases such as hepatitis C . Subjective effects not commonly shared with other methods of administration include a ringing in the ears moments after injection (usually when over 120 milligrams) lasting 2 to 5 minutes including tinnitus and audio distortion. This

728-411: A greater likelihood of relapse when the drug is withheld. ΔFosB increases the expression of AMPA receptor subunit GluR2 and also decreases expression of dynorphin , thereby enhancing sensitivity to reward. DNA damage is increased in the brain of rodents by administration of cocaine. During DNA repair of such damages, persistent chromatin alterations may occur such as methylation of DNA or

819-469: A heavily robotic sound. Both lead actors, Hannon and Frazer, also supplied much of the voice over in the looping process. Hannon has stated in an interview with Red Letter Media that, "Amir did about 80% of the ADR voices." During these ADR sessions, Amir would film much of the necessary pick up shots, all from within the office. This is why many of the inserts of Frazer and Hannon in the film seem to be shot from

910-480: A hypothesis that cocaine may also function as a so-called "DAT inverse agonist" or "negative allosteric modifier of DAT" resulting in dopamine transporter reversal , and subsequent dopamine release into the synaptic cleft from the axon terminal in a manner similar to but distinct from amphetamines . Sigma receptors are affected by cocaine, as cocaine functions as a sigma ligand agonist. Further specific receptors it has been demonstrated to function on are NMDA and

1001-431: A joint or blunt . Acute exposure to cocaine has many effects on humans, including euphoria, increases in heart rate and blood pressure, and increases in cortisol secretion from the adrenal gland. In humans with acute exposure followed by continuous exposure to cocaine at a constant blood concentration, the acute tolerance to the chronotropic cardiac effects of cocaine begins after about 10 minutes, while acute tolerance to

SECTION 10

#1732801266968

1092-477: A long period of time who do not hydrate sufficiently may experience demineralization of their teeth due to the pH of the tooth surface dropping too low (below 5.5). Cocaine use also promotes the formation of blood clots . This increase in blood clot formation is attributed to cocaine-associated increases in the activity of plasminogen activator inhibitor , and an increase in the number, activation, and aggregation of platelets . Chronic intranasal usage can degrade

1183-473: A marked elevation of blood pressure, which can be life-threatening, abnormal heart rhythms , and death. Anxiety, paranoia , and restlessness can also occur, especially during the comedown. With excessive dosage, tremors, convulsions and increased body temperature are observed. Severe cardiac adverse events, particularly sudden cardiac death , become a serious risk at high doses due to cocaine's blocking effect on cardiac sodium channels. Incidental exposure of

1274-489: A pipe made from a small glass tube, often taken from " love roses ", small glass tubes with a paper rose that are promoted as romantic gifts. These are sometimes called "stems", "horns", "blasters" and "straight shooters". A small piece of clean heavy copper or occasionally stainless steel scouring pad – often called a "brillo" (actual Brillo Pads contain soap, and are not used) or "chore" (named for Chore Boy brand copper scouring pads) – serves as

1365-438: A reduction base and flow modulator in which the "rock" can be melted and boiled to vapor. Crack is smoked by placing it at the end of the pipe; a flame held close to it produces vapor, which is then inhaled by the smoker. The effects felt almost immediately after smoking, are very intense and do not last long — usually 2 to 10 minutes. When smoked, cocaine is sometimes combined with other drugs, such as cannabis , often rolled into

1456-450: A single character. Actors also wore their own clothes and drove their own cars. Much of the film was shot without sound and done with single takes. Shervan had to dub voices months after production but could not get many of the bit part actors to return. Choosing to use his own voice, he warped it in post-production to sound different. His lack of ability to do this correctly resulted in ADR with

1547-437: A stroke, irreversible brain damage, or a heart attack. Persons with regular or problematic use of cocaine have a significantly higher rate of death, and are specifically at higher risk of traumatic deaths and deaths attributable to infectious disease. The extent of absorption of cocaine into the systemic circulation after nasal insufflation is similar to that after oral ingestion. The rate of absorption after nasal insufflation

1638-553: A tax paper stating they were out of business, which ended up resulting in the company losing a majority of their titles, most notably Rurouni Kenshin , Berserk , and Bakuman . In January 2015, the company signed a deal with MB VoiceWorks to help produce English dubs for its anime titles in-house. Despite the closure of MB VoiceWorks in May 2016, Media Blasters would still continue to produce its English dubs in-house and that MB VoiceWorks co-founder Brittany Lauda would continue to lead

1729-418: Is a central nervous system stimulant. Its effects can last from 15 minutes to an hour. The duration of cocaine's effects depends on the amount taken and the route of administration. Cocaine can be in the form of fine white powder and has a bitter taste. Crack cocaine is a smokeable form of cocaine made into small "rocks" by processing cocaine with sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and water. Crack cocaine

1820-412: Is also systemic, relating to disputes between crack dealers and users. Acute exposure may induce cardiac arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation , supraventricular tachycardia , ventricular tachycardia , and ventricular fibrillation . Acute exposure may also lead to angina , heart attack , and congestive heart failure . Cocaine overdose may cause seizures , abnormally high body temperature and

1911-889: Is an American entertainment company that was founded by John Sirabella in 1997 and is based in New York City . It is in the business of licensing, translating, and releasing to the North American market manga and anime compilations, Asian films and television series, adult anime , monster movies, concert films, independent films, horror films, and exploitation films. Over its history, the company has licensed several popular titles, such as Rurouni Kenshin , Berserk , Bakuman , Shamanic Princess , Weiß Kreuz , Jubei-chan: The Ninja Girl , Chu-Bra!! , Grenadier , Holy Knight , Elf Princess Rane , Voogie's Angel , Iron Virgin Jun , Ultimate Girls and Blade of

SECTION 20

#1732801266968

2002-400: Is colloquially referred to as a "bell ringer". In a study of cocaine users, the average time taken to reach peak subjective effects was 3.1 minutes. The euphoria passes quickly. Aside from the toxic effects of cocaine, there is also the danger of circulatory emboli from the insoluble substances that may be used to cut the drug. As with all injected illicit substances , there is a risk of

2093-470: Is limited by cocaine-induced vasoconstriction of capillaries in the nasal mucosa. Onset of absorption after oral ingestion is delayed because cocaine is a weak base with a pKa of 8.6, and is thus in an ionized form that is poorly absorbed from the acidic stomach and easily absorbed from the alkaline duodenum. The rate and extent of absorption from inhalation of cocaine is similar or greater than with intravenous injection, as inhalation provides access directly to

2184-470: Is mainly used recreationally and often illegally for its euphoric and rewarding effects. It is also used in medicine by Indigenous South Americans for various purposes and rarely, but more formally, as a local anaesthetic or diagnostic tool by medical practitioners in more developed countries. It is primarily obtained from the leaves of two Coca species native to South America: Erythroxylum coca and E. novogranatense . After extraction from

2275-425: Is not what is involved in the habituation of the substance so much as the conformation and binding properties to where and how on the transporter the molecule binds. Conflicting findings have challenged the widely accepted view that cocaine functions solely as a reuptake inhibitor. To induce euphoria an intravenous dose of 0.3-0.6 mg/kg of cocaine is required, which blocks 66-70% of dopamine transporters (DAT) in

2366-406: Is occasionally used during surgery on the throat or inside of the nose to control pain, bleeding, and vocal cord spasm . Cocaine crosses the blood–brain barrier via a proton-coupled organic cation antiporter and (to a lesser extent) via passive diffusion across cell membranes . Cocaine blocks the dopamine transporter , inhibiting reuptake of dopamine from the synaptic cleft into

2457-417: Is possible in regular users until after the sections of hair grown during the period of cocaine use are cut or fall out. The pharmacodynamics of cocaine involve the complex relationships of neurotransmitters (inhibiting monoamine uptake in rats with ratios of about: serotonin :dopamine = 2:3, serotonin: norepinephrine = 2:5). The most extensively studied effect of cocaine on the central nervous system

2548-521: Is referred to as "crack" because of the crackling sounds it makes when heated. Cocaine use leads to increases in alertness, feelings of well-being and euphoria , increased energy and motor activity, and increased feelings of competence and sexuality. Analysis of the correlation between the use of 18 various psychoactive substances shows that cocaine use correlates with other " party drugs " (such as ecstasy or amphetamines ), as well as with heroin and benzodiazepines use, and can be considered as

2639-434: Is that the smoking of cocaine chemically breaks down tooth enamel and causes tooth decay . Cocaine can cause involuntary tooth grinding, known as bruxism , which can deteriorate tooth enamel and lead to gingivitis . Additionally, stimulants like cocaine, methamphetamine, and even caffeine cause dehydration and dry mouth . Since saliva is an important mechanism in maintaining one's oral pH level, people who use cocaine over

2730-404: Is the blockade of the dopamine transporter protein. Dopamine neurotransmitter released during neural signaling is normally recycled via the transporter; i.e., the transporter binds the transmitter and pumps it out of the synaptic cleft back into the presynaptic neuron , where it is taken up into storage vesicles . Cocaine binds tightly at the dopamine transporter forming a complex that blocks

2821-406: The 5-HT 3 receptor , which is a ligand-gated ion channel . An overabundance of 5-HT 3 receptors is reported in cocaine-conditioned rats, though 5-HT 3 's role is unclear. The 5-HT 2 receptor (particularly the subtypes 5-HT 2A , 5-HT 2B and 5-HT 2C ) are involved in the locomotor-activating effects of cocaine. Cocaine has been demonstrated to bind as to directly stabilize

Samurai Cop - Misplaced Pages Continue

2912-448: The DAT transporter on the open outward-facing conformation. Further, cocaine binds in such a way as to inhibit a hydrogen bond innate to DAT. Cocaine's binding properties are such that it attaches so this hydrogen bond will not form and is blocked from formation due to the tightly locked orientation of the cocaine molecule. Research studies have suggested that the affinity for the transporter

3003-657: The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs has required countries to make recreational use of cocaine a crime . In the United States, cocaine is regulated as a Schedule II drug under the Controlled Substances Act , meaning that it has a high potential for abuse but has an accepted medical use. While rarely used medically today, its accepted uses are as a topical local anesthetic for the upper respiratory tract as well as to reduce bleeding in

3094-468: The Zatoichi franchise. Another division, Shriek Show, was founded in 2001 to focus on re-mastering horror titles for DVD release. In 2004, Media Blasters began publishing manga . The company first published shōnen manga titles for older readers, and later on it increased its yaoi manga line. At the height of its success, they released around five titles a month and had about 50 employees, but as

3185-534: The cartilage separating the nostrils (the septum nasi ), leading eventually to its complete disappearance. Due to the absorption of the cocaine from cocaine hydrochloride, the remaining hydrochloride forms a dilute hydrochloric acid. Illicitly-sold cocaine may be contaminated with levamisole. Levamisole may accentuate cocaine's effects. Levamisole-adulterated cocaine has been associated with autoimmune disease. Cocaine use leads to an increased risk of hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes . Cocaine use also increases

3276-604: The liver to form cocaethylene . Studies have suggested cocaethylene is more euphoric , and has a higher cardiovascular toxicity than cocaine by itself. Depending on liver and kidney functions, cocaine metabolites are detectable in urine between three and eight days. Generally speaking benzoylecgonine is eliminated from someone's urine between three and five days. In urine from heavy cocaine users, benzoylecgonine can be detected within four hours after intake and in concentrations greater than 150 ng/mL for up to eight days later. Detection of cocaine metabolites in hair

3367-545: The mesolimbic pathway in the brain. Mental effects may include an intense feeling of happiness , sexual arousal , loss of contact with reality , or agitation . Physical effects may include a fast heart rate , sweating, and dilated pupils . High doses can result in high blood pressure or high body temperature . Onset of effects can begin within seconds to minutes of use, depending on method of delivery, and can last between five and ninety minutes. As cocaine also has numbing and blood vessel constriction properties, it

3458-552: The mouth against the inner cheek ; it has traditionally been used to combat the effects of cold, hunger, and altitude sickness . Cocaine was first isolated from the leaves in 1860. Globally, in 2019, cocaine was used by an estimated 20 million people (0.4% of adults aged 15 to 64 years). The highest prevalence of cocaine use was in Australia and New Zealand (2.1%), followed by North America (2.1%), Western and Central Europe (1.4%), and South and Central America (1.0%). Since 1961,

3549-637: The Andes to prevent altitude sickness . Its actual effectiveness has never been systematically studied. In 1986 an article in the Journal of the American Medical Association revealed that U.S. health food stores were selling dried coca leaves to be prepared as an infusion as "Health Inca Tea". While the packaging claimed it had been "decocainized", no such process had actually taken place. The article stated that drinking two cups of

3640-443: The D 1 dopamine receptor. Cocaine also blocks sodium channels , thereby interfering with the propagation of action potentials ; thus, like lignocaine and novocaine , it acts as a local anesthetic. It also functions on the binding sites to the dopamine and serotonin sodium dependent transport area as targets as separate mechanisms from its reuptake of those transporters; unique to its local anesthetic value which makes it in

3731-558: The Global Burden of Disease study found that cocaine use caused around 7,300 deaths annually. Coca leaves have been used by Andean civilizations since ancient times . In ancient Wari culture , Inca culture, and through modern successor indigenous cultures of the Andes mountains , coca leaves are chewed, taken orally in the form of a tea , or alternatively, prepared in a sachet wrapped around alkaline burnt ashes, and held in

Samurai Cop - Misplaced Pages Continue

3822-467: The Immortal . Before Media Blasters was founded, John Sirabella had previously founded Software Sculptors in 1992. After it was purchased by Central Park Media , Sirabella decided to leave and found Media Blasters in 1997 in New York City , New York . The company is divided into several divisions that target different aspects of the video market. They license titles for release and are involved in

3913-483: The Secretary of State took action. They also said that, at the time of posting, they had completed their filings properly and that they will continue to release titles. In March 2013, the company released a statement saying that, because a major back accident occurred in their warehouse, they were unable to travel to Japan to acquire licenses. This resulted in business associates of the company going around Japan showing

4004-648: The United States in December 2017, and is indicated for the introduction of local anesthesia of the mucous membranes for diagnostic procedures and surgeries on or through the nasal cavities of adults. Cocaine hydrochloride ( Numbrino ) was approved for medical use in the United States in January 2020. The most common adverse reactions in people treated with Goprelto are headache and epistaxis . The most common adverse reactions in people treated with Numbrino are hypertension, tachycardia, and sinus tachycardia. Cocaine

4095-419: The United States warned about health risks while cautioning against stereotyping: Many recall that "crack babies", or babies born to mothers who used crack cocaine while pregnant, were at one time written off by many as a lost generation. They were predicted to suffer from severe, irreversible damage, including reduced intelligence and social skills. It was later found that this was a gross exaggeration. However,

4186-455: The acetylation or methylation of histones at the sites of repair. These alterations can be epigenetic scars in the chromatin that contribute to the persistent epigenetic changes found in cocaine addiction . In humans, cocaine abuse may cause structural changes in brain connectivity, though it is unclear to what extent these changes are permanent. Cocaine dependence develops after even brief periods of regular cocaine use and produces

4277-464: The adult label. The Tokyo Shock division covers live action movies and television series from Japan and other Asian markets, such as several notable films from Toho Co. Ltd and Shaw Brothers (HK) Ltd. The Shriek Show division handled distribution of obscure horror and exploitation films. This division and the Fresh Meat line were discontinued in 2013. The Fresh Meat line was a part of

4368-674: The baby to grow poorly. As a result, cocaine-exposed babies are more likely than unexposed babies to be born with low birth weight (less than 5.5 lb or 2.5 kg). Low-birthweight babies are 20 times more likely to die in their first month of life than normal-weight babies, and face an increased risk of lifelong disabilities such as mental retardation and cerebral palsy. Cocaine-exposed babies also tend to have smaller heads, which generally reflect smaller brains. Some studies suggest that cocaine-exposed babies are at increased risk of birth defects, including urinary tract defects and, possibly, heart defects. Cocaine also may cause an unborn baby to have

4459-449: The brain. Re-administering cocaine beyond this threshold does not significantly increase DAT occupancy but still results in an increase of euphoria which cannot be explained by reuptake inhibition alone. This discrepancy is not shared with other dopamine reuptake inhbitors like bupropion , sibutramine , mazindol or tesofensine , which have similar or higher potencies than cocaine as dopamine reuptake inhibitors. These findings have evoked

4550-625: The breakdown of the blood–brain barrier. Physical side effects from chronic smoking of cocaine include coughing up blood , bronchospasm , itching , fever , diffuse alveolar infiltrates without effusions, pulmonary and systemic eosinophilia , chest pain, lung trauma, sore throat, asthma , hoarse voice, dyspnea (shortness of breath), and an aching, flu -like syndrome. Cocaine constricts blood vessels , dilates pupils , and increases body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. It can also cause headaches and gastrointestinal complications such as abdominal pain and nausea. A common but untrue belief

4641-455: The dialogue in the film, while also expressing frustration at the lack of multiple takes. Hannon admitted to intentionally ruining takes due to his frustration, assuming that Shervan would not put them in the film, but these takes ended up in the film. A reflective Hannon was able to laugh at this, stating "so shame on me" in a 2014 interview with Red Letter Media . The shooting schedule was also poorly planned as Hannon and Mark Frazer both assumed

SECTION 50

#1732801266968

4732-615: The dubbing department and direct dubs for the company. In August 2020, the company created a new Twitter account to promote their new releases. The company also teased that many new releases would be coming in the future. In November 2020, the company announced that they will stop using their DVD-on-demand system. In January 2021, the company introduced a new opening animation. Their titles are streamed on Crunchyroll , Tubi , Amazon Prime Video , RetroCrush , and Midnight Pulp . Some of their titles were available on Hulu , but they have been removed. On December 31, 2015,

4823-764: The euphoric effects of cocaine begins after about one hour. With excessive or prolonged use, the drug can cause itching , fast heart rate , and paranoid delusions or sensations of insects crawling on the skin . Intranasal cocaine and crack use are both associated with pharmacological violence. Aggressive behavior may be displayed by both addicts and casual users. Cocaine can induce psychosis characterized by paranoia, impaired reality testing , hallucinations , irritability, and physical aggression. Cocaine intoxication can cause hyperawareness, hypervigilance , and psychomotor agitation and delirium . Consumption of large doses of cocaine can cause violent outbursts, especially by those with preexisting psychosis. Crack-related violence

4914-512: The eye to sublimated cocaine while smoking crack cocaine can cause serious injury to the cornea and long-term loss of visual acuity. Although it has been commonly asserted, the available evidence does not show that chronic use of cocaine is associated with broad cognitive deficits. Research is inconclusive on age-related loss of striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) sites, suggesting cocaine has neuroprotective or neurodegenerative properties for dopamine neurons. Exposure to cocaine may lead to

5005-504: The fact that most of these children appear normal should not be over-interpreted as indicating that there is no cause for concern. Using sophisticated technologies, scientists are now finding that exposure to cocaine during fetal development may lead to subtle, yet significant, later deficits in some children, including deficits in some aspects of cognitive performance, information-processing, and attention to tasks—abilities that are important for success in school. There are also warnings about

5096-420: The film was discovered by an employee of Hatanaka's in a vault that was specifically meant to store reels of film and preserve them. It was assumed that Shervan had stored the print for Samurai Cop as well as a few of his other films in this vault where they were happened upon by chance. The film gained a following and achieved cult classic status due to its unintentional humor. On March 25, 2016, Samurai Cop

5187-412: The film was finished before Shervan called them in for reshoots in early 1991. Amir Shervan could not afford lighting to shoot at night so the entire film is set during the day. Shervan also only had access to a handful of prop firearms, with the same Ruger GP100 and Smith & Wesson Model 15 revolvers reappearing in the hands of multiple characters, whereas Joe's Taurus PT92 pistol is exclusive to

5278-470: The first release by Media Blasters as a whole, was Rei-Lan: Orchid Emblem . Media Blasters also publishes both hentai and yaoi manga under this imprint. It has also released several titles formerly released by Central Park Media 's Anime 18 imprint. In 2011, they entered a licensing partnership with Fakku to stream select titles, starting with Immoral Sisters . In 2017, they were acquired by Fakku for digital distribution, while physical distribution

5369-427: The full script to the film. Despite the film being titled Samurai Cop , Hannon had no experience with weapons training, and all of his formal practice would be classified as MMA . As a result of Hannon's lack of experience and Shervan's inability to direct, all of the combat scenes were choreographed by martial arts expert Gerald Okamura, or were planned out by the actors themselves, sometimes only fifteen minutes before

5460-614: The market decreased, so did the company. In January 2012, John Sirabella announced that the company would be laying off approximately 10 employees, reducing its workforce by about 60 percent. He stated that this will not affect their production rates. In May 2012, it was reported that the New York State Department of State listed them as an inactive company due to not filing their taxes properly. The company later stated on Facebook that they had filed extensions for 2009, 2010, and 2011, but without their notice

5551-436: The mechanisms of cocaine addiction. The onset of cocaine's euphoric effects is fastest with inhalation, beginning after 3–5 seconds. This gives the briefest euphoria (5–15 minutes). Cocaine is smoked by inhaling the vapor produced when crack cocaine is heated to the point of sublimation. In a 2000 Brookhaven National Laboratory medical department study, based on self-reports of 32 people who used cocaine who participated in

SECTION 60

#1732801266968

5642-399: The mouth, throat and nasal cavities. Cocaine eye drops are frequently used by neurologists when examining patients suspected of having Horner syndrome . In Horner syndrome, sympathetic innervation to the eye is blocked. In a healthy eye, cocaine will stimulate the sympathetic nerves by inhibiting norepinephrine reuptake, and the pupil will dilate; if the patient has Horner syndrome,

5733-414: The nose by about five minutes. This occurs because cocaine's absorption is slowed by its constricting effect on the blood vessels of the nose. Insufflation of cocaine also leads to the longest duration of its effects (60–90 minutes). When insufflating cocaine, absorption through the nasal membranes is approximately 30–60% In a study of cocaine users, the average time taken to reach peak subjective effects

5824-492: The number of dendritic branches and spines present on neurons involved with the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex areas of the brain. This change can be identified rather quickly, and may be sustained weeks after the last dose of the drug. Transgenic mice exhibiting inducible expression of ΔFosB primarily in the nucleus accumbens and dorsal striatum exhibit sensitized behavioural responses to cocaine. They self-administer cocaine at lower doses than control, but have

5915-497: The only witness burned and unable to testify. Katana boss Fuj Fujiyama orders the injured Katana member to be executed and his head displayed on a piano to remind all remaining Katana members of their code of silence . Joe and his partner Frank confront the Katana at the Carlos'n Charlie's restaurant on Sunset Boulevard and attempt to reprimand them into obeying the law. When that fails, Fujiyama's right-hand man Yamashita wages war in

6006-499: The overall risk of death, and intravenous use potentially increases the risk of trauma and infectious diseases such as blood infections and HIV through the use of shared paraphernalia . It also increases risk of stroke , heart attack , cardiac arrhythmia, lung injury (when smoked), and sudden cardiac death . Illicitly sold cocaine can be adulterated with fentanyl , local anesthetics , levamisole , cornstarch, quinine , or sugar, which can result in additional toxicity. In 2017,

6097-611: The parking lot, executing his own men who fail to subdue Joe and Frank, thus maintaining the code of silence. Joe eventually seduces Fujiyama's girlfriend Jennifer and they become intimate while several of his police comrades are tortured and killed by the Katana gang who are looking for him, and Fujiyama kidnaps Jennifer out of revenge. Unable to contain his anger any longer, commanding officer Captain Rohmer sanctions an assassination of every single Katana gang member. Joe and Frank head to Fujiyama's compound and gun down every living person and

6188-516: The peak effects are attained. Cocaine crosses the blood–brain barrier via both a proton-coupled organic cation antiporter and (to a lesser extent) via passive diffusion across cell membranes . As of September 2022, the gene or genes encoding the human proton-organic cation antiporter had not been identified. Cocaine has a short elimination half life of 0.7–1.5 hours and is extensively metabolized by plasma esterases and also by liver cholinesterases , with only about 1% excreted unchanged in

6279-399: The plant, and further processing into cocaine hydrochloride (powdered cocaine), the drug is administered by being either snorted , applied topically to the mouth , or dissolved and injected into a vein . It can also then be turned into free base form (typically crack cocaine ), in which it can be heated until sublimated and then the vapours can be inhaled . Cocaine stimulates

6370-584: The post-synaptic neuron, contributing to the mental and physical effects of cocaine exposure. A single dose of cocaine induces tolerance to the drug's effects. Repeated use is likely to result in addiction . Addicts who abstain from cocaine may experience prolonged craving lasting for many months. Abstaining addicts also experience modest drug withdrawal symptoms lasting up to 24 hours, with sleep disruption, anxiety, irritability, crashing, depression , decreased libido , decreased ability to feel pleasure , and fatigue being common. Use of cocaine increases

6461-469: The pre-synaptic axon terminal ; the higher dopamine levels in the synaptic cleft increase dopamine receptor activation in the post-synaptic neuron, causing euphoria and arousal. Cocaine also blocks the serotonin transporter and norepinephrine transporter , inhibiting reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft into the pre-synaptic axon terminal and increasing activation of serotonin receptors and norepinephrine receptors in

6552-482: The production, localizing, and distribution. The Anime Works division was created in 1997, and focuses on localization and distribution of anime titles, but has also licensed non-anime works such as Invader Zim . The adult label Kitty Media was also started in 1997 and features explicit hentai works. Created in 1998, Tokyo Shock is Media Blaster's Asian cinema division, which is responsible for American localization of works such as Zatoichi: The Blind Swordsman of

6643-578: The pulmonary capillary bed. The delay in absorption after oral ingestion may account for the popular belief that cocaine bioavailability from the stomach is lower than after insufflation. Compared with ingestion, the faster absorption of insufflated cocaine results in quicker attainment of maximum drug effects. Snorting cocaine produces maximum physiological effects within 40 minutes and maximum psychotropic effects within 20 minutes. Physiological and psychotropic effects from nasally insufflated cocaine are sustained for approximately 40–60 minutes after

6734-598: The risk of having a heart attack . Relatives of persons with cocaine addiction have an increased risk of cocaine addiction. Cocaine addiction occurs through ΔFosB overexpression in the nucleus accumbens , which results in altered transcriptional regulation in neurons within the nucleus accumbens . ΔFosB levels have been found to increase upon the use of cocaine. Each subsequent dose of cocaine continues to increase ΔFosB levels with no ceiling of tolerance. Elevated levels of ΔFosB leads to increases in brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) levels, which in turn increases

6825-401: The same as chewing tobacco is chewed) and sucked of its juices. The juices are absorbed slowly by the mucous membrane of the inner cheek and by the gastrointestinal tract when swallowed. Alternatively, coca leaves can be infused in liquid and consumed like tea. Coca tea , an infusion of coca leaves, is also a traditional method of consumption. The tea has often been recommended for travelers in

6916-546: The same corner of an office, which doesn't match with the rest of the location for any given scene. Director/Producer Amir Shervan took the film to the American Film Market (AFM) in the hopes of finding a distributor to buy the final product and give it a proper release. The film was never given a proper theatrical release; however, Polish distributor Demel International Corporation released it in Europe on VHS. It

7007-488: The scene in question was filmed. Filming took place over several months, starting in June 1990. When actor Hannon had considered shooting to be finished, he had his hair cut short, only to be told that further shooting was to be done. Director Shervan obtained a lady's wig for the actor, which can be seen in several close up shots throughout the film. Lead actor Hannon stated that he and several other actors became frustrated with

7098-454: The study, "peak high" was found at a mean of 1.4 ± 0.5 minutes. Pyrolysis products of cocaine that occur only when heated/smoked have been shown to change the effect profile, i.e. anhydroecgonine methyl ester , when co-administered with cocaine, increases the dopamine in CPu and NAc brain regions, and has M 1 — and M 3 — receptor affinity. People often freebase crack with

7189-491: The sympathetic nerves are blocked, and the affected eye will remain constricted or dilate to a lesser extent than the opposing (unaffected) eye which also receives the eye drop test. If both eyes dilate equally, the patient does not have Horner syndrome. Topical cocaine is sometimes used as a local numbing agent and vasoconstrictor to help control pain and bleeding with surgery of the nose, mouth, throat or lacrimal duct . Although some absorption and systemic effects may occur,

7280-437: The tea per day gave a mild stimulation , increased heart rate , and mood elevation, and the tea was essentially harmless. Nasal insufflation (known colloquially as "snorting", "sniffing", or "blowing") is a common method of ingestion of recreational powdered cocaine. The drug coats and is absorbed through the mucous membranes lining the nasal passages . Cocaine's desired euphoric effects are delayed when snorted through

7371-556: The television network Toku was launched, replacing the Funimation Channel . It aired many anime and live action titles from the Media Blasters catalog, such as Juden Chan , Ladies versus Butlers! , and Rio: Rainbow Gate! They were the main anime provider for the network. Media Blasters later revealed Blu-ray releases of retro ecchi comedies such as Jungle De Ikou! in 2020. Eiken and Grenadier

7462-470: The threat of breastfeeding : The March of Dimes said "it is likely that cocaine will reach the baby through breast milk," and advises the following regarding cocaine use during pregnancy: Cocaine use during pregnancy can affect a pregnant woman and her unborn baby in many ways. During the early months of pregnancy, it may increase the risk of miscarriage. Later in pregnancy, it can trigger preterm labor (labor that occurs before 37 weeks of pregnancy) or cause

7553-432: The transporter's function. The dopamine transporter can no longer perform its reuptake function, and thus dopamine accumulates in the synaptic cleft . The increased concentration of dopamine in the synapse activates post-synaptic dopamine receptors, which makes the drug rewarding and promotes the compulsive use of cocaine. Cocaine affects certain serotonin (5-HT) receptors; in particular, it has been shown to antagonize

7644-486: The urine. The metabolism is dominated by hydrolytic ester cleavage, so the eliminated metabolites consist mostly of benzoylecgonine (BE), the major metabolite , and other metabolites in lesser amounts such as ecgonine methyl ester (EME) and ecgonine . Further minor metabolites of cocaine include norcocaine , p-hydroxycocaine, m-hydroxycocaine, p-hydroxybenzoylecgonine (pOHBE), and m-hydroxybenzoylecgonine. If consumed with alcohol , cocaine combines with alcohol in

7735-408: The use of cocaine as a topical anesthetic and vasoconstrictor is generally safe, rarely causing cardiovascular toxicity, glaucoma , and pupil dilation . Occasionally, cocaine is mixed with adrenaline and sodium bicarbonate and used topically for surgery, a formulation called Moffett's solution . Cocaine hydrochloride ( Goprelto ), an ester local anesthetic, was approved for medical use in

7826-648: The user contracting blood-borne infections if sterile injecting equipment is not available or used. An injected mixture of cocaine and heroin , known as " speedball ", is a particularly dangerous combination, as the converse effects of the drugs actually complement each other, but may also mask the symptoms of an overdose. It has been responsible for numerous deaths, including celebrities such as comedians/actors John Belushi and Chris Farley , Mitch Hedberg , River Phoenix , grunge singer Layne Staley and actor Philip Seymour Hoffman . Experimentally, cocaine injections can be delivered to animals such as fruit flies to study

7917-411: Was 14.6 minutes. Any damage to the inside of the nose is due to cocaine constricting blood vessels — and therefore restricting blood and oxygen/nutrient flow — to that area. Rolled up banknotes , hollowed-out pens , cut straws , pointed ends of keys, specialized spoons , long fingernails , and (clean) tampon applicators are often used to insufflate cocaine. The cocaine typically is poured onto

8008-611: Was added on Tubi. Anime Works is the division used for the bulk of the company's anime titles. Some of the series released under this imprint include Magic Knight Rayearth , Rurouni Kenshin , The King of Braves GaoGaiGar , Berserk , and Blade of the Immortal . The imprint also produced two original series with Yasuomi Umetsu , those being Kite Liberator and Mezzo Forte . Kitty Media specializes in adult anime ( hentai ) and pornographic films. The division also specializes in films and anime series that contain scenes of rape and graphic sexuality. Its first release, and

8099-490: Was maintained by Media Blasters. In late 2020 however, CEO of Fakku Jacob Grady announced in the official forums of Fakku that they have indefinitely deprioritized video streaming of Kitty Media adult anime because of distribution and copyright issues, causing some titles to be removed from the site. As of January 2023, Kitty Media is no longer part of Fakku after its nearly six year, unsuccessful venture in legal adult anime video streaming, giving Media Blasters back full control of

8190-463: Was released as a VOD title by RiffTrax . The RiffTrax edition received a two-day theatrical release in April 2017, provided by Fathom Events . In August 2021, RiffTrax made the film officially available for free on their YouTube channel. Gregory Hatanaka , founder of Cinema Epoch, produced and directed a sequel, Samurai Cop 2: Deadly Vengeance , which was released in 2015. It was revealed in

8281-407: Was released on DVD by Media Blasters in 2004 and on DVD in 2013 and Blu-ray in 2014 by Cinema Epoch. There were rumors that the initial released cut of Samurai Cop was a print that had been found in a castle. Gregory Hatanaka , the founder of Cinema Epoch, and the one who owns the rights to the initial Samurai Cop film, claimed that this story was only partially true. The original 35mm print of

#967032