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33-729: The Old Parliament House , officially known as the Samvidhan Sadan ( Constitution House ), was the seat of the Imperial Legislative Council of India between 18 January 1927 and 15 August 1947, the Constituent Assembly of India between 15 August 1947 and 26 January 1950, and the Parliament of India between 26 January 1950 and 18 September 2023. For 73 years, it housed the Lok Sabha and

66-571: A casting vote in the event of a tie. It is customary for the Presiding Officer to exercise the casting vote in such a manner as to maintain the status quo. Speaker can be removed by the Lok Sabha by a resolution passed by the majority of all the then members of the house as per Constitution of India [Articles 94]. The Speaker is also removed on being disqualified for being Lok Sabha member under sections 7 and 8 of Representation of

99-730: A new office and residence for the Indian prime minister, as well as combining all ministerial buildings in a single central secretariat. The groundbreaking ceremony for the new building was held in October 2020 and the foundation stone was laid on 10 December 2020. After the inauguration of the New Parliament House , the Old Parliament House will be converted to a Museum of Democracy . In a speech held on 19 September 2023, Prime Minister Narendra Modi proposed that

132-634: The Constituent Assembly of India and after 1950, was succeeded by Parliament of India . During the rule of the East India Company , the council of the Governor-General of India had both executive and legislative responsibilities. The council had four members elected by the Court of Directors. The first three members were permitted to participate on all occasions, but the fourth member was only allowed to sit and vote when legislation

165-477: The Constituent Assembly of India , and then by the Indian Parliament once India's Constitution came into force on 26 January 1950 with India becoming a republic. The New Parliament House , built near this building on a triangular plot from 2020 to 2023 was inaugurated on 28 May 2023. It was built as part of the Indian government's Central Vista Redevelopment Project . The building was designed by

198-749: The Rajya Sabha (the lower and upper houses ) respectively in India's bicameral parliament. The building was designed by British architects Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker and was constructed between 1921 and 1927. It was opened in January 1927 as the seat of the Imperial Legislative Council and was known as the Council House . Following the British withdrawal from India, it was taken over by

231-670: The order of precedence , the Speaker of Lok Sabha ranks sixth, along with the Chief Justice of India . The Speaker is answerable to the House. Both the Speaker and Deputy Speaker may be removed by a resolution passed by the majority of the members. Lok Sabha Speaker can be elected by President on a nomination basis. All bills passed requires the speaker's signature to go to the Rajya Sabha for its consideration. The Speaker also has

264-401: The presiding officer and the highest authority of the Lok Sabha , the lower house of the Parliament of India . The speaker is elected generally in the first meeting of the Lok Sabha following general elections. The speaker does not enjoy a security of tenure and his term is subjected to the pleasure of the house i.e. can be removed anytime by a resolution of the Lok Sabha by a majority of

297-564: The British architects Sir Edwin Lutyens and Sir Herbert Baker in 1912–1913. The structure was built over a period of six years, starting in 1921 and culminating in 1927. Following the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms in 1919, there was an expansion of the Legislative Assembly which necessitated the construction of the building. The iconic circular design was proposed by Lutyens, who believed that this would be

330-684: The Central Legislative Assembly) as the lower house of a bicameral legislature and the Council of State as the upper house, reviewing legislation passed by the Assembly. The Governor-General nonetheless retained significant power over legislation. He could authorise the expenditure of money without the Legislature's consent for "ecclesiastical, political [and] defence" purposes, and for any purpose during "emergencies". He

363-716: The Council's composition. The council was now called the Governor-General's Legislative Council or the Imperial Legislative Council. Three members were to be appointed by the Secretary of State for India , and two by the Sovereign. (The power to appoint all five members passed to the Crown in 1869.) The viceroy was empowered to appoint an additional six to twelve members. The five individuals appointed by

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396-535: The Indian Secretary or Sovereign headed the executive departments, while those appointed by the Governor-General debated and voted on legislation. There were 45 Indians nominated as additional non-official members from 1862 to 1892. Out of these 25 were zamindars and seven were rulers of princely states . The others were lawyers, magistrates, journalists and merchants. The participation of

429-416: The Indian members in the council meetings was negligible. The Indian Councils Act 1892 increased the number of legislative members with a minimum of ten and maximum of sixteen members. The Council now had 6 officials, 5 nominated non-officials, 4 nominated by the provincial legislative councils of Bengal Presidency , Bombay Presidency , Madras Presidency and North-Western Provinces and 1 nominated by

462-796: The People Act, 1951 . After a general election and formation of a new government, a list of senior Lok Sabha members prepared by the Legislative Section is submitted to the Minister of Parliamentary Affairs , who forwards the name to the President of India . The President of India appoints the Protem Speaker. The first meeting after the election when the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker are selected by members of

495-604: The President of India notifies the first meeting of the Lok Sabha as well as the date for the election of the Speaker. Generally either on the day of the election of the Speaker or a day before it, the Prime Minister or the Minister of Parliamentary Affairs proposes the name of the candidate. Any other candidate may also submit their names . There have been three instances viz. 1952, 1967, 1976 when there were elections to

528-482: The Sovereign, and the other three members by the Secretary of State for India . The Regulating Act of 1773 limited the influence of the Governor-General of India and established the Council of Four , elected by the East India Company 's Court of Directors. Pitt's India Act of 1784 reduced the membership to three, and also established the India Board . The Indian Councils Act 1861 made several changes to

561-527: The Speaker is fixed by the President . Further, all comments and speeches made by members of the House are addressed to the Speaker. The Speaker also presides over the joint sitting of both houses of the Parliament of India . The counterpart of the Speaker in the Rajya Sabha (Council of the States) is its Chairperson; the Vice-President of India is the ex-officio chairperson of the Rajya Sabha. On

594-414: The all the then members of the house. The longest-serving speaker was Balram Jakhar , whose tenure lasted 9 years and 329 days. Newly elected Members of Parliament from the Lok Sabha elect the Speaker among themselves. The Speaker should be someone who understands how the Lok Sabha functions and the speaker should be someone accepted among the ruling and opposition parties. After the general elections,

627-407: The building be renamed Samvidhan Sadan ("Constitution House"). Speaker of the Lok Sabha , Om Birla , announced later that day that it had been so renamed. On 13 December 2001, five terrorists from Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) and Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) - two Pakistan -raised terrorist organisations - entered the grounds of Parliament and attempted to invade the building. They were all killed outside

660-403: The building. The attack led to the deaths of six Delhi Police personnel, two Parliament Security Services personnel, and a gardener – nine others in total – and led to increased tensions between India and Pakistan, resulting in the 2001–02 India–Pakistan standoff . Imperial Legislative Council of India It succeeded the Council of the Governor-General of India , and was succeeded by

693-412: The building. The third session of Central Legislative Assembly was held in this building on 19 January 1927. After independence, the house served as the seat of the Constituent Assembly from 1947–1950. The Constitution of India was created here, under the presidency of Rajendra Prasad . Two floors were added to the structure in 1956 due to a demand for more space. The Parliament Museum , which

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726-661: The centre of the building is the circular Central Chamber, and surrounding this Chamber are three semicircular halls that were constructed for the sessions of the Chamber of Princes (now used as the Library Hall), the State Council (later used for the Rajya Sabha ), and the Central Legislative Assembly (later used for the Lok Sabha ). The former parliament is surrounded by large gardens and

759-539: The chamber of commerce in Calcutta. The members were allowed to ask questions in the Council but not allowed to ask supplementaries or discuss the answer. They were however empowered to discuss the annual financial statement under certain restrictions but could not vote on it. The Indian Councils Act 1909 increased the number of members of the Legislative Council to 60, of whom 27 were to be elected. For

792-540: The first time, Indians were admitted to membership, and there were six Muslim representatives, the first time that such representation had been given to a religious group. The composition of the Council was as follows: Under the Government of India Act 1919 , the Imperial Legislative Council was converted into a bicameral legislature with the Imperial Legislative Assembly (also known as

825-539: The first, but the election required the Governor-General's approval. Under the Indian Independence Act 1947 , the Imperial Legislative Council and its houses were dissolved on 14 August 1947 and was replaced by the Constituent Assembly of India and the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan . Speaker of the Lok Sabha The speaker of the Lok Sabha ( IAST : Lok Sabhā Adhyakṣa ) is

858-406: The house and can punish a member for unruly behaviour with respect to law after suspending them. They also permit the moving of various kinds of motions and resolutions such as a motion of no confidence , motion of adjournment , motion of censure and calling attention notice as per the rules. The Speaker decides on the agenda to be taken up for discussion during the meeting. The date of election of

891-546: The most efficient design given the triangular shape of the plot of land on which the building is located. The foundation stone was laid by HRH Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn , in February 1921. On 18 January 1927, Sir Bhupendra Nath Mitra , a Member of the Governor-General's Executive Council, in charge of the Department of Industries and Labour, invited Lord Irwin , then Viceroy of India , to inaugurate

924-407: The perimeter is fenced off by sandstone railings ( jali ). The current building is planned to be converted into a Museum of Democracy after the new Parliament House becomes operational. Proposals for a new parliament building to replace Parliament House emerged in the early 2010s as a result of questions being asked about the stability of the original structure. In 2012, a committee was assembled by

957-400: The speaker post. If only one name is proposed, the Speaker is elected without any formal vote. However, if more than one nomination is received, a division (vote) is called. The successful candidate is elected as Speaker of the Lok Sabha. The Speaker of the Lok Sabha conducts the business in house, and decides whether a bill is a money bill or not. They maintain discipline and decorum in

990-627: The then Speaker , Mira Kumar , to suggest and assess several alternatives to the usage of the building. In 2019, the Indian government launched the Central Vista Redevelopment Project , a multi-billion dollar project to redevelop the Central Vista, India's central administrative area near Raisina Hill, New Delhi . The construction of a new parliament building, as well as redeveloping the Rajpath will create

1023-525: Was being debated. In 1858, the British Crown took over the administration from the East India Company . The council was transformed into the Imperial Legislative Council, and the Court of Directors of the Company, which had the power to elect members of the Governor-General's Council, ceased to have this power. Instead, the one member who had a vote only on legislative questions came to be appointed by

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1056-539: Was opened in 2006, stands next to the Parliament House, in the building of the Parliamentary Library. The architectural style of the structure can be described as an amalgamation of a classical style of architecture inspired from Greece and Rome and structural elements and decorative motifs from Indian architecture. The perimeter of the building is circular, with 144 columns on the outside. At

1089-504: Was permitted to veto, or even stop debate on, any bill. If he recommended the passage of a bill, but only one chamber co-operated, he could declare the bill passed over the objections of the other chamber. The legislature had no authority over foreign affairs and defence. The President of the Council of State was appointed by the Governor-General; the Central Legislative Assembly elected its own President, apart from

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