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115-492: The San Francisco Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Pride Celebration (formerly "International Lesbian and Gay Freedom Day", "Gay Freedom Day", and "Christopher Street West"), usually known as San Francisco Pride, is a pride parade and festival held at the end of June most years in San Francisco , California , to celebrate the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender ( LGBT ) people. The San Francisco Pride parade

230-495: A pejorative for men who love men , roughly equivalent to the English language term " pansy ". Beginning in the 1960s, the term was reappropriated by Japanese gay media: notably with the 1961 anthology Ba-ra-kei: Ordeal by Roses  [ ja ] , a collection of semi-nude photographs of homosexual writer Yukio Mishima by photographer Eikoh Hosoe , and later with Barazoku ( 薔薇族 , lit. "rose tribe") in 1971,

345-515: A "Christopher Street Liberation Day Gay-In" brought some 200 people to Golden Gate Park ; the gathering was raided by officers from the San Francisco Police Department on Hondas and on horseback, with seven people taken into custody at Park Station, then released without charges. From 1972 until 2019, the event was held each year. The name of the festival has changed over the years. The event organizers each year select

460-557: A $ 1,500 fee for police service. That, too, was dismissed when the California Superior Court ordered the police to provide protection as they would for any other group. The eleventh-hour California Supreme Court decision ordered the police commissioner to issue a parade permit citing the "constitutional guarantee of freedom of expression." From the beginning, L.A. parade organizers and participants knew there were risks of violence. Kight received death threats right up to

575-783: A Queer Womxn Pride is also organized on International Women's Day. In 1992, the Lesbian Collective marched during the Internal Women's Day celebrations only to be met with opposition by progressive feminist movements marching. In 1993, UP Babaylan, an LGBT student support group, participated in the University of the Philippines Diliman's Lantern March. Thanks to the positive reception from this march, members of UP Babaylan would participate in any future Lantern Marches. On June 26, 1994, to celebrate

690-494: A bisexual contingent for the Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights in 1987. The design of the biangles began with the pink triangle , a Nazi concentration camp badge that later became a symbol of gay liberation representing homosexuality . The addition of a blue triangle contrasts the pink and represents heterosexuality . The two triangles overlap and form lavender, which represents

805-665: A celebrity"—neither of which befit Manning. Both the election and its nullification proved contentious. On April 29, an estimated 200 protesters disrupted the board's meeting, demanding that PFC Manning be reinstated. Supporters of Manning filed a complaint with the San Francisco Human Rights Commission . On May 12, the board said it would meet "in a larger venue after the 2013 Celebration and Parade [to] allow people from all sides of that issue and others to fully air and hear one another's viewpoints", but that it would not "let one issue, as important as it

920-492: A double crescent moon symbol of bisexuality was devised by Vivian Wagner in 1998. This symbol is common in Germany and surrounding countries. The ace ring , a black ring worn on the middle finger of one's right hand, is a way asexual people signify their asexuality. The ring is deliberately worn in a similar manner as one would a wedding ring to symbolize marriage. Use of the symbol began in 2005. The aro ring ,

1035-525: A fundraiser for the 1991 San Francisco Gay Freedom Day Parade (as it was called then) and quickly became a national trend. In October 2009, LGBT activist Amy Andre was appointed as Executive Director of the San Francisco Pride Celebration Committee, making her San Francisco Pride's first openly bisexual woman of color Executive Director. Also in 2009, Asexual Visibility and Education Network members participated in

1150-672: A greater number of people, and encompass the ideas and ideals of the larger struggle in which we are engaged-that of our fundamental human rights-be moved both in time and location. We propose that a demonstration be held annually on the last Saturday in June in New York City to commemorate the 1969 spontaneous demonstrations on Christopher Street and this demonstration be called "Christopher Street Liberation Day". No dress or age regulations shall be made for this demonstration. We also propose that we contact homophile organizations throughout

1265-565: A march in Los Angeles on June 28, 1970. In Los Angeles, Morris Kight (Gay Liberation Front LA founder), Reverend Troy Perry (Universal Fellowship of Metropolitan Community Churches founder) and Reverend Bob Humphries (United States Mission founder) gathered to plan a commemoration. They settled on a parade down Hollywood Boulevard. But securing a permit from the city was no easy task. They named their organization Christopher Street West, "as ambiguous as we could be." But Rev. Perry recalled

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1380-568: A metaphor for sexual pursuits. Violets and their color became a special code used by lesbians and bisexual women. The symbolism of the flower derives from several fragments of poems by Sappho in which she describes a lover wearing garlands or a crown with violets. In 1926, the play La Prisonnière by Édouard Bourdet used a bouquet of violets to signify lesbian love. When the play became subject to censorship, many Parisian lesbians wore violets to demonstrate solidarity with its lesbian subject matter. White lilies have been used since

1495-449: A nearby park or city-provided closed-off street, with information booths, music concerts, barbecues, beer stands, contests, sports, and games. The 'dividing line' between onlookers and those marching in the parade can be hard to establish in some events, however, in cases where the event is received with hostility, such a separation becomes very obvious. There have been studies considering how the relationship between participants and onlookers

1610-526: A program was held with a Queer Pride Mass and solidarity remarks from various organizations and individuals. In 1995, Pro Gay Philippines and MCC did not lead a pride parade. In 1996, 1997 and 1998 large and significant marches were organized and produced by Reach Out AIDS Foundation, all of which were held in Malate, Manila, Philippines. These pride parades were organized a celebration of gay pride, but also were parading to raise awareness for discrimination and

1725-652: A safe space to voice their support for the community, for the LGBT human rights advocacy, and for the people they love and march with every year. A pride parade known as Pink Dot SG has been held in Singapore since 2009 with increasing attendance amounting to the tens of thousands. There are often held in either June or July. It is one of the largest such pride events in Southeast Asia, with attendance reaching up to 35,000. LGBT symbols#Freedom Rings Over

1840-460: A special edition Blåhaj in the colors of a transgender pride flag, with the winner's name embroidered on its fin. Daniel Thaxton and Bernie Toale created a lavender rhinoceros symbol for a public ad campaign to increase visibility for gay people in Boston helmed by Gay Media Action-Advertising; Toale said they chose a rhinoceros because "it is a much maligned and misunderstood animal" and that it

1955-491: A statute which made homosexual acts between males a crime. Lesbian sexual relations were illegal only in Austria and historians differ on whether they were persecuted or not, due to lack of evidence. Some lesbians were imprisoned with a black triangle symbolizing supposed "asociality", this symbol was later reclaimed by postwar lesbians. The biangles symbol of bisexuality was designed by artist Liz Nania, as she co-organized

2070-416: A symbol of LGBTQ culture due to earlier associations between the animal and rainbows being extended to the rainbow flag created in 1978 by Gilbert Baker . Alice Fisher of The Guardian wrote in 2017, "The unicorn has also done its bit for the LGBT community in the last century... Rainbows and unicorns are so intrinsically linked (the association is also a Victorian invention) that it's unsurprising that

2185-495: A symbol. The icon has established itself as an example of the phenomenon of reappropriation of elements of the anti-LGBTQ discourse in contemporary society through social networks. Other versions derived from the original symbol involving other flags belonging to the LGBTQ community, such as the transgender flag , or the bisexual flag , have also become popular. In the 1970s, the modern handkerchief (or hanky) code emerged in

2300-644: A theme for the event, which is reflected in the logo and the event's publicity. The original rainbow flags flew at the San Francisco Gay Freedom Day Parade (as it was called then) on June 25, 1978. In 1986 Autumn Courtney was elected co-chair of San Francisco's Lesbian Gay Freedom Day Pride Parade Committee; she was the first openly bisexual person to hold this sort of position in the United States. Freedom Rings , designed by David Spada in 1991, were originally sold as

2415-480: A white ring, worn on the middle finger on one's left hand is a way aromantic people signify their identity on the aromantic spectrum. Use of the symbol began in 2015. This was chosen as the opposite of the ace ring which is a black ring worn on the right hand. Another symbol often used by aromantic people is arrows or an arrow as the word arrow is a homophone to the shortened word aro used by aromantic people to refer to themselves. Ace playing cards , due to

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2530-483: Is Suzanne Ford, who in 2023 was announced as the first openly transgender person paid to be Executive Director of the San Francisco Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender Pride Celebration Committee. The event is funded by a combination of community fundraising both by the pride committee and on their behalf, corporate sponsorships, San Francisco city grants, and donations collected from the participants at

2645-505: Is affected by the divide, and how space is used to critique the heteronormative nature of society. Though the reality was that the Stonewall riots themselves, as well as the immediate and the ongoing political organizing that occurred following them, were events fully participated in by lesbian women, bisexual people and transgender people, as well as by gay men of all races and backgrounds, historically these events were first named Gay ,

2760-632: Is also the sacred flower of Eros , the Greek god of love and sex, and patron of love between men. Eros was responsible for the first rose to sprout on Earth, followed by every flower and herb. Roses are a symbol of pederasty in ancient Greece : handsome boys were metaphorically called roses by their male admirers in homoerotic poems such as those by Solon , Straton , Meleager , Rhianus , and Philostratos . Animals that lovers gave as gifts to their beloved also became symbols of pederastic love, such as hares , roosters , deer , felines and oxen , as

2875-416: Is an LGBT pride parade that is held on a Sunday morning as part of a two-day Festival . The route is usually west along San Francisco's Market Street , from Steuart Street to 8th Street and it runs from 10:30 am until almost 4:00 pm. Participants line up off the parade route in advance of the start of the parade. The parade consists of hundreds of contingents from various groups and organizations. Some of

2990-505: Is an LGBTQ symbol based on the ghost emoji (U+1F47B, "👻") of Android 5.0 . It is a modification of the original icon that uses a background with the colors of the rainbow flag . It became popular in Spain from April 2019 following a tweet posted on the official account of the populist far-right party Vox , after which a multitude of users belonging to the LGBTQ movement began to use it as

3105-543: Is built on notions of celebration. Large parades often involve floats, dancers, drag queens and amplified music; but even such celebratory parades usually include political and educational contingents, such as local politicians and marching groups from LGBT institutions of various kinds. Other typical parade participants include local LGBT-friendly churches such as Metropolitan Community Churches , United Church of Christ , and Unitarian Universalist Churches, PFLAG , and LGBT employee associations from large businesses. Even

3220-539: Is commonly associated with LGBTQ culture, in particular the transgender community, in part due to being colored similarly to a transgender pride flag . Early origins of this are traced back to around 2020 and in 2021 IKEA ran an ad-campaign to support same-sex marriage in Switzerland featuring the shark. In response to this popularity, IKEA Canada hosted a giveaway in November 2022, offering transgender people

3335-706: Is held on the Friday before the parade while the Dyke March and trans march events are held on the Friday and Saturday nights preceding the march and rally in The Castro . The festival is run by a non-profit organization, the San Francisco Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender Pride Celebration Committee. According to their web site, their mission is "to educate the World, commemorate our heritage, celebrate our culture, and liberate our people." The current Executive Director

3450-818: Is often seen as a public expression or symbol of lesbian identity, particularly on the femme side of the femme-butch spectrum . On October 31, 1969, sixty members of the Gay Liberation Front , the Committee for Homosexual Freedom (CHF), and the Gay Guerilla Theatre group staged a protest outside the offices of the San Francisco Examiner in response to a series of news articles disparaging people in San Francisco's gay bars and clubs. The peaceful protest against

3565-409: Is organized on June 29 every year. There are also Pride Parades organized by Blue Diamond Society and Mitini Nepal. A youth-led pride parade which uses broader umbrella terms as Queer and MOGAI, is organized by Queer Youth Group and Queer Rights Collective. Blue Diamond Society's rally on Gai Jatra is technically not considered as a Pride Parade. Mitini Nepal organizes Pride Parades on Feb 14 while,

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3680-423: Is to some, overshadow the concerns and interests of the hundreds of thousands who attend SF Pride." On May 18, SF Pride selected Bebe Sweetbriar as Community Grand Marshal. On June 7, 2013, the board announced that since none of the alternatives submitted at a May 31 community forum garnered a consensus majority, the board's decision to rescind PFC Manning's grand marshalship would stand. The board also reported that

3795-805: Is unclear whether this was the first instance of the term yuri in this context, an association of yuri with lesbianism subsequently developed. In Korea and China , "lily" is used as a semantic loan from the Japanese usage to describe female-female romance media, where each use the direct translation of the term – baekhap (백합) in Korea and bǎihé (百合) in China. The IKEA plush toy shark Blåhaj (stylized BLÅHAJ, Swedish pronunciation: [ˈbloːhaj] , lit.   ' blue shark ' ; colloquially anglicised as / ˈ b l ɑː h ɑː ʒ / , / ˈ b l ɑː h ɑː / or / ˈ b l oʊ h aɪ / )

3910-828: The Cape Town Pride parade and Khumbu Lani Pride in Cape Town , Durban Pride in Durban , and Nelson Mandela Bay Pride in Port Elizabeth . Limpopo Pride is held in Polokwane , Limpopo. In August 2012, the first Ugandan pride parade was held in Entebbe to protest the government's treatment of its LGBT citizens and the attempts by the Ugandan Parliament to adopt harsher sodomy laws, colloquially named

4025-737: The Christopher Street Liberation Day , to recall the events of Stonewall one year earlier. On November 2, 1969, Craig Rodwell , his partner Fred Sargeant, Ellen Broidy , and Linda Rhodes proposed the first gay pride parade to be held in New York City by way of a resolution at the Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations (ERCHO) meeting in Philadelphia . That the Annual Reminder, in order to be more relevant, reach

4140-620: The Examiner turned tumultuous and was later called "Friday of the Purple Hand" and "Bloody Friday of the Purple Hand". Examiner employees "dumped a barrel of printers' ink on the crowd from the roof of the newspaper building", according to glbtq.com . Some reports state that it was a barrel of ink poured from the roof of the building. The protestors "used the ink to scrawl slogans on the building walls" and slap purple hand prints "throughout downtown [San Francisco]" resulting in "one of

4255-772: The Kill the Gays Bill , which would include life imprisonment for aggravated homosexuality. A second pride parade was held in Entebbe in August 2013. The law was promulgated in December 2013 and subsequently ruled invalid by the Constitutional Court of Uganda on August 1, 2014, on technical grounds. On August 9, 2014, Ugandans held a third pride parade in Entebbe despite indications that the ruling may be appealed and/or

4370-451: The LGBTQ community to safely and easily perform digital penetration during sex. The most distinct and modern form of the manicure entails long nail extensions on every finger apart from the index finger , middle finger , and sometimes thumb of the dominant hand , thus preventing injury or discomfort to the vulva or vagina during intercourse while otherwise maintaining the fashion of long acrylic nails in one's daily life. The style

4485-594: The Louisville Cardinals men's basketball team during the 1978–1979 season. After retiring from baseball, Burke, who was one of the first openly gay professional athletes, used the high five with other gay residents of the Castro district of San Francisco , and it became a symbol of gay pride . A lesbian manicure (also known as queer manicure, lez nails, or femmicure) is a style or trend of manicure intended to allow lesbians and other queer people in

4600-565: The Romantic era of Japanese literature to symbolize beauty and purity in women, and are a de facto symbol of the yuri genre ( yuri ( 百合 ) translates literally to " lily "), which describes the portrayal of intimate love, sex, or emotional connections between women. The term Yurizoku ( 百合族 , lit. "lily tribe") was coined in 1976 by Ito Bungaku , editor of the gay men's magazine Barazoku (see above), to refer to his female readers. While not all those women were lesbians, and it

4715-733: The SOGIE Equality Bill . East Asia saw its first pride march on August 28, 1994, when a march was held in Tokyo in Japan . The largest ever pride march in the region was held in 2022 when over 120,000 people marched in Taiwan to support equal rights. The first pride march in South Asia was held on July 2, 1999, in the city of Kolkata in India . Central Asia 's first pride march

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4830-784: The Stonewall riots . In the 1980s, there was a cultural shift in the gay movement. Activists of a less radical nature began taking over the march committees in different cities, and they dropped "Gay Liberation" and "Gay Freedom" from the names, replacing them with "Gay Pride". The term "Gay Pride" was claimed to be coined either by Jack Baker and Michael McConnell , an activist couple in Minnesota, or by Thom Higgins , another gay rights activist in Minnesota. The Middle East had its first pride march in 1979 in Israel . The pride march has grown to over 250,000 participants by 2019. In 2017,

4945-443: The astronomical symbols for the planets Venus and Mars respectively. Following Linnaeus , biologists use the planetary symbol for Venus to represent the female sex , and the planetary symbol for Mars to represent the male sex . Two interlocking female symbols (⚢) represent a lesbian or the lesbian community, and two interlocking male symbols (⚣) a gay male or the gay male community. These symbols first appeared in

5060-751: The urbanization rate is at least 80%. On 26 June 2021, a community of the LGBT community in Malawi held its first Pride Parade. The parade was held in the country's capital city, Lilongwe. As of June 2006, the Rainbow Parade Mauritius is held every June in Mauritius in the town of Rose Hill . It is organized by the Collective Arc-En-Ciel, a local non-governmental LGBTI rights group, along with some other local non-governmental groups. The first South African pride parade

5175-536: The "queerness of bisexuality", referencing the Lavender Menace and 1980s and 1990s associations of lavender with queerness . Michael Page stated that when designing the bisexual flag he took the colors and overlap of the flag from the biangles. Some bisexual individuals object to the use of a pink triangle in the biangles symbol of bisexuality (see above), as it was a symbol that Adolf Hitler 's regime used to tag and persecute homosexuals. In response,

5290-606: The 1970s. The combined male-female symbol (⚦) is used to represent androgyne or transgender people; when additionally combined with the female (♀) and male (♂) symbols (⚧) it indicates gender inclusivity, though it is also used as a transgender symbol. In 1970, graphic designer Tom Doerr selected the lower-case Greek letter lambda (λ) to be the symbol of the New York chapter of the Gay Activists Alliance . The alliance's literature states that Doerr chose

5405-514: The 1976 Boston Pride Parade and on a flag that was raised at Boston City Hall in 1987. Outside of Boston, Theatre Rhinoceros , located in San Francisco , and founded in 1977, based its name on this symbol. Theatre Rhinoceros, also called Theatre Rhino, or The Rhino, is a gay and lesbian theatre. It claims to be the world's longest-running professional queer theatre company. An online bookstore focused on LGBTQ authors and books called "The Lavender Rhino" launched in 2023. Unicorns have become

5520-527: The 25th anniversary of the Stonewall Riots, Progressive Organization of Gays in the Philippines (Pro Gay Philippines) and Metropolitan Community Church (MCC) Manila organized the first LGBT Pride March in Philippines, marching from EDSA corner Quezon Avenue to Quezon City Memorial Circle ( Quezon City , Metro Manila, Philippines) and highlighting broad social issues. At Quezon City Memorial Circle,

5635-655: The American Lambda Literary Foundation derive their names from this symbol. In 19th century in England , green indicated homosexual affiliations, as popularized by gay author Oscar Wilde , who often wore a green carnation on his lapel. According to some interpretations, American poet Walt Whitman used the sweet flag plant to represent homoerotic male love because of its phallic connotations. The term bara ( 薔薇 ) , " rose " in Japanese, has historically been used in Japan as

5750-483: The Board Treasurer, became Interim Executive Director. Ford was announced as Executive Director (no longer Interim) in 2023. This made her the first openly transgender person paid to be Executive Director of the San Francisco Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender Pride Celebration Committee. In 2022, the parade's concluding event at Civic Center was cut short by the organizers after a person was spraying mace near

5865-585: The Central Government must work to develop the community's skills and create employment opportunities that will prevent members of the community from resorting to unethical means of income and thus becoming socially marginalized." Tel Aviv hosts an annual pride parade, attracting more than 260,000 people, making it the largest LGBT pride event in Asia. Three Pride parades took place in Tel Aviv on

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5980-749: The Independence Day of India), the gay community in Mumbai held its first-ever formal pride parade (although informal pride parades had been held many times earlier), to demand that India 's anti-gay laws be amended. A high court in the Indian capital, Delhi ruled on July 2, 2009, that homosexual intercourse between consenting adults was not a criminal act, although the Supreme Court later reversed its decision in 2013 under widespread pressure from powerful conservative and religious groups, leading to

6095-550: The LGBT Freedom March calling for systemic and structural change. At historic Plaza Miranda, in front of Quiapo Church, despite the pouring rain, a program with performances and speeches depicting LGBT pride was held soon after the march. In 2007, the first transgender women's group participated in the Metro Manila Pride March. On December 6, 2014, Philippines celebrated the 20th anniversary of

6210-678: The Los Angeles Police Chief Edward M. Davis telling him, "As far as I'm concerned, granting a permit to a group of homosexuals to parade down Hollywood Boulevard would be the same as giving a permit to a group of thieves and robbers." Grudgingly, the Police Commission granted the permit, though there were fees exceeding $ 1.5 million. After the American Civil Liberties Union stepped in, the commission dropped all its requirements but

6325-442: The Metro Manila Pride March with the theme: Come Out for Love Kasi Pag-ibig Pa Rin (Come Out for Love Because It's Still All About Love). The theme is a reminder of the love and passion that started and sustained 20 years of taking to the streets for the recognition and respect of LGBT lives as human lives. It is also a celebration of and an invitation for families, friends, and supporters of LGBT people to claim Metro Manila Pride as

6440-661: The San Francisco Human Rights Commission had declined to investigate the discrimination claims filed against SF Pride. Pride parade In the 1960s and 1970s a surge of public demonstrations in the US focused on civil rights, anti-war movements, and early LGBTQ+ rights activism. One of the first demonstrations for the cause of gay and lesbian rights was a 1965 "homophile march" by the Mattachine Society and Daughters of Bilitis outside

6555-455: The Sunday morning parade. It is a collection of booths, dance stages, and vendors around the Civic Center area near San Francisco City Hall . On the Sunday of the parade, an area of the festival called Leather Alley features fetish and BDSM oriented booths and demonstrations. The festival is traditionally held in the last full weekend in June. This commemorates the Stonewall riots . The independently organized San Francisco Trans March

6670-442: The White House, highlighting discrimination in federal employment and advancing LGBTQ+ equality. Also in 1965, the gay rights protest movement was visible at the Annual Reminder pickets, again organized by members of the lesbian group Daughters of Bilitis , and the gay men's group Mattachine Society . Mattachine members were also involved in demonstrations in support of homosexuals imprisoned in Cuban labor camps . Early on

6785-407: The city. It had originally been prohibited by a municipal ban which was canceled by the court. Many of the religious leaders of Jerusalem's Muslim , Jewish , and Christian communities had arrived at a rare consensus asking the municipal government to cancel the permit of the parades. Another parade, this time billed as an international event, was scheduled to take place in the summer of 2005, but

6900-471: The colors of the rainbow flag . These rings are worn by themselves or as part of necklaces, bracelets, and keychains. They are a symbol of gay pride, and were originally sold as a fundraiser for the 1991 San Francisco Gay Freedom Day Parade and quickly became a national trend. In June 1992, several of MTV 's on-air hosts wore Freedom Rings in recognition of Pride Month , elevating their visibility. They are sometimes referred to as "Fruit Loops". Gaysper

7015-447: The country and suggest that they hold parallel demonstrations on that day. We propose a nationwide show of support. All attendees to the ERCHO meeting in Philadelphia voted for the march except for the Mattachine Society of New York City, which abstained. Members of the Gay Liberation Front (GLF) attended the meeting and were seated as guests of Rodwell's group, Homophile Youth Movement in Neighborhoods (HYMN). Meetings to organize

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7130-449: The course of its history, the LGBTQ community has adopted certain symbols for self-identification to demonstrate unity, pride , shared values, and allegiance to one another. These symbols communicate ideas, concepts, and identity both within their communities and to mainstream culture. The two symbols most recognized internationally are the pink triangle and the rainbow flag . The female and male gender symbols are derived from

7245-425: The curb with a clear view of the street. Others climb onto bus shelters, the walls of subway station stairs, or scaffolding on buildings to get a clear view. As the parade ends, the spectators are able to pass through the barriers and march down Market street behind the parade. The end of the parade route is near the Festival location at the Civic Center . A two-day (Saturday and Sunday) festival has grown up around

7360-442: The event. In 2019, activists blocked the Pride parade route for almost an hour, in protest of police and corporate presence at the event. In January 2020, Fred Lopez was named as the new Executive Director, having served in that position in an interim role since July 2019. The 2020 and 2021 pride events were canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic . In 2022, Executive Director Fred Lopez stepped down, and Suzanne Ford, previously

7475-534: The festival. Several veteran contractors are employed to take on specific roles for the event. Also involved in the running of the festival and parade are hundreds of volunteers. Of particular note are: The first events resembling the modern San Francisco Pride parade and celebration were held on the last weekend of June 1970: Organized by the San Francisco Gay Liberation Front, a "Gay Liberation March" saw 20 to 30 people walk from Aquatic Park to Civic Center on Polk Street on Saturday, June 27. The following afternoon,

7590-437: The first and only LGBTIQ+ pride in the arabophone world, and its largest LGBTIQ+ event. It has been the topic of four MA theses, one post-doctoral research and six documentaries, so far covered in 17 languages in 350 articles. Its first installment gathered 4,000 persons, and 2,700 people participated in the first three days of its 2018 edition, before the police cracked it down and arrested its founder Hadi Damien. The next day,

7705-413: The first asexual entry into an American pride parade when they walked in the San Francisco Pride Parade. They have entered subsequent parades since. George Ridgely was hired to the position of Executive Director on January 7, 2014, and served in that position until July 11, 2019. In 2016, Black Lives Matter and the TGI Justice Project withdrew from the parade in protest of increased police presence at

7820-437: The first commercially produced gay magazine in Asia . The use of the rose as a prominent symbol of love between males is supposedly derived from the Greek myth of King Laius having affairs with boys under rose trees. Since the 2000s, bara has been used by non-Japanese audience as an umbrella term to describe a wide variety of Japanese and non-Japanese gay media featuring love and sex between masculine men . The rose

7935-432: The first pride march week in the Middle East was established in Lebanon . In Southeast Asia , the first pride march was celebrated on June 26, 1994, when 30-50 individuals marched in Quezon City in the Philippines . Less than three decades later, the government rejected an equality legislation, sparking the largest pride march in Southeast Asia , where over 110,000 people in 2023 marched in Quezon City in support of

8050-485: The following years and more and more annual marches started up in other cities throughout the world. In Atlanta and New York City the marches were called Gay Liberation Marches , and the day of celebration was called "Gay Liberation Day"; in Los Angeles and San Francisco they became known as 'Gay Freedom Marches' and the day was called "Gay Freedom Day". As more cities and even smaller towns began holding their own celebrations, these names spread. The rooted ideology behind

8165-497: The form of bandanas , worn in back pockets, in colors that signaled sexual interests, fetishes, and if the wearer was a "top" or "bottom" . It was popular among the gay leather community of the United States and the cruising scene more broadly. There are many origin stories of the high five , but the two most documented candidates are Dusty Baker and Glenn Burke of the Los Angeles Dodgers professional baseball team on October 2, 1977, and Wiley Brown and Derek Smith of

8280-537: The ground." The accounts of police brutality include women being thrown to the ground and protesters' teeth being knocked out. Inspired by Black Hand extortion methods of Camorra gangsters and the Mafia , some gay and lesbian activists attempted to institute "purple hand" as a symbol against anti-gay attacks, but the symbol was only briefly used. In Turkey, the LGBTQ rights organization MorEl Eskişehir LGBTT Oluşumu (Purple Hand Eskişehir LGBT Formation) bears

8395-523: The law of "outraging public decency" by wearing only his underwear in an area of the road cordoned off for the parade. On June 29, 2008, four Indian cities ( Delhi , Bangalore , Pondicherry , and Kolkata ) saw coordinated pride events. About 2,200 people turned up overall. These were also the first pride events of all these cities except Kolkata, which had seen its first such event in 1999 - making it South Asia 's first pride walk and then had been organizing pride events every year since 2003 (although there

8510-630: The law reintroduced in Parliament and homosexual acts still being illegal in the country. The first pride march in East Timor 's capital Dili was held in 2017. The first International Day Against Homophobia pride parade in Hong Kong was held on May 16, 2005, under the theme "Turn Fear into Love", calling for acceptance and care amongst gender and sexual minorities in a diverse and friendly society. The Hong Kong Pride Parade 2008 boosted

8625-442: The magic creature started to appear on T-shirts and banners at Gay Pride around the world, with slogans such as 'Gender is Imaginary' or 'Totally Straight' emblazoned under sparkling rainbow unicorns." Gay Star News said in 2018 that unicorns are the "gay, LGBTI and queer icons of our time". Symbols of the LGBTQ community have been used to represent members' unity, pride, shared values, and allegiance to one another. One of

8740-563: The march began in early January at Rodwell's apartment in 350 Bleecker Street . At first there was difficulty getting some of the major New York organizations like Gay Activists Alliance (GAA) to send representatives. Craig Rodwell and his partner Fred Sargeant, Ellen Broidy, Michael Brown , Marty Nixon, and Foster Gunnison of Mattachine made up the core group of the CSLD Umbrella Committee (CSLDUC). For initial funding, Gunnison served as treasurer and sought donations from

8855-534: The march on a Sunday, and so as to mark the date of the start of the Stonewall uprising, the CSLDUC scheduled the date for the first march for Sunday, June 28, 1970. With Dick Leitsch 's replacement as president of Mattachine NY by Michael Kotis in April 1970, opposition to the march by Mattachine ended. The first marches were both serious and fun and served to inspire the widening LGBT movement ; they were repeated in

8970-708: The misinformation surrounding AIDS. In 1999, Reach Out Aids Foundation handed its organization to a newly formed Task Force Pride Philippines (TFP), a network of LGBT and LGBT-friendly groups and individuals seeking to promote positive visibility for the LGBT community. In 2003, a decision was made to move the Pride March from June to the December Human Rights Week to coincide with related human rights activities such as World AIDS Day (December 1), Philippine National Lesbian Day (December 8), and International Human Rights Day (December 10). TFP organized

9085-409: The more well-known contingents are: During the 1990s it was common to see anti-gay protestors in the spectator area along the parade route, holding large signs condemning homosexuality, often with biblical passages. In the 2000s such protestors have become less common. Hundreds of thousands of spectators line the parade route along Market Street. Some arrive hours in advance to claim a prime spot on

9200-574: The morning of Saturday, June 28, 1969, LGBTQ people rioted following a police raid on the Stonewall Inn in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan , New York City. The Stonewall Inn was a gay bar which catered to an assortment of patrons, but which was popular with the most marginalized people in the gay community: transvestites , transgender people, effeminate young men, hustlers, and homeless youth. As

9315-538: The morning of the parade. Unlike later editions, the first gay parade was very quiet. The marchers convened on Mccadden Place in Hollywood , marched north and turned east onto Hollywood Boulevard. The Advocate reported "Over 1,000 homosexuals and their friends staged, not just a protest march, but a full-blown parade down world-famous Hollywood Boulevard." On Sunday, June 28, 1970, at around noon, in New York gay activist groups held their own pride parade, known as

9430-422: The most festive parades usually offer some aspect dedicated to remembering victims of AIDS and anti-LGBT violence. Some particularly important pride parades are funded by governments and corporate sponsors and promoted as major tourist attractions for the cities that host them. In some countries, some pride parades are now also called Pride Festivals. Some of these festivals provide a carnival-like atmosphere in

9545-473: The most visible demonstrations of gay power" according to the Bay Area Reporter . According to Larry LittleJohn, then president of Society for Individual Rights , "At that point, the tactical squad arrived — not to get the employees who dumped the ink, but to arrest the demonstrators. Somebody could have been hurt if that ink had gotten into their eyes, but the police were knocking people to

9660-623: The movement became more radical in the late 1960s, particularly after the Stonewall Uprising, they were called Gay Liberation or Gay Freedom marches which emphasized demands for full equality and liberation. On Saturday, June 27, 1970, the Chicago Gay Liberation organized a march from Washington Square Park ("Bughouse Square") to the Water Tower at the intersection of Michigan and Chicago avenues, which

9775-438: The name of this symbol. The white knot is a symbol of support for same-sex marriage in the United States. The white knot combines two symbols of marriage, the color white and " tying the knot ," to represent support for same-sex marriage . The white knot has been worn publicly by many celebrities as a means of demonstrating solidarity with that cause. The white knot was created by Frank Voci in November 2008, in response to

9890-725: The names were not Pride Parade until 2007). In 2005, an administrative institution, the Tokyo Pride was founded to have Pride Parade constantly every year. In May 2011, Tokyo Pride was dissolved and most of the original management went on to found Tokyo Rainbow Pride. Beirut Pride is the annual non-profit LGBTIQ+ pride event and militant march held in Beirut , the capital of the Lebanon , working to decriminalize homosexuality in Lebanon. Since its inception in 2017, Beirut Pride has been

10005-548: The national homophile organizations and sponsors, while Sargeant solicited donations via the Oscar Wilde Memorial Bookshop customer mailing list and Nixon worked to gain financial support from GLF in his position as treasurer for that organization. Other mainstays of the GLF organizing committee were Judy Miller, Jack Waluska, Steve Gerrie and Brenda Howard . Believing that more people would turn out for

10120-423: The necessity for the state to establish a Transgender Welfare Board to protect the rights of the gay community, adding, "The society must accept us as we are. We, too, are members of society and should not face discrimination. The source of societal biases, discrimination, and injustice directed at us is, surprisingly, a lack of knowledge. We, too, have the right to live with respect and dignity, and in order to do so,

10235-469: The oldest of these symbols is the downward-pointing pink triangle that male homosexuals, male bisexuals, and transgender women in Nazi concentration camps were required to wear on their clothing. The badge is one of several badges that internees wore to identify what kind of prisoners they were. Many of the estimated 5,000–15,000 gay men imprisoned in concentration camps did not survive. The pink triangle

10350-422: The parades is a critique of space which has been produced to seem heteronormative and 'straight', and therefore any act appearing to be homosexual is considered dissident by society. The Parade brings this queer culture into the space. The marches spread internationally, including to London where the first "gay pride rally" took place on 1 July 1972, the date chosen deliberately to mark the third anniversary of

10465-590: The passage of Proposition 8 in California and bans on same-sex marriage and denial of other civil rights for LGBTQ persons across the nation. A pride flag is any flag that represents a segment or part of the LGBTQ community . Pride in this case refers to the notion of LGBTQ pride . The terms LGBTQ flag and queer flag are often used interchangeably. Pride flags can represent various sexual orientations , romantic orientations , gender identities , subcultures , and regional purposes, as well as

10580-479: The phonetic shortening from asexual to ace, are sometimes used to represent asexuality. The ace of hearts and ace of spades are used to symbolize romantic asexuality and aromantic asexuality respectively. Likewise, the ace of clubs is used to symbolize gray asexuality and grayromanticism , and the ace of diamonds is used to symbolize demiromanticism and demisexuality . Freedom Rings, designed by David Spada in 1991, are six aluminum rings, each in one of

10695-794: The pride parades for two decades before the Metro Manila Pride organization would assume responsibility in 2016. On December 10, 2005, the First LGBT Freedom March, with the theme "CPR: Celebrating Pride and Rights" was held along the streets of España and Quiapo in Manila, Philippines. Concerned that the prevailing economic and political crisis in the country at the time presented threats to freedoms and liberties of all Filipinos, including sexual and gender minorities, LGBT individuals and groups, non-government organizations and members of various communities and sectors organized

10810-870: The prosecutor of Beirut suspended the scheduled activities, and initiated criminal proceedings against Hadi for organizing events "that incite to debauchery". Beirut Pride holds annual events adapted to the current circumstances in the country. Queer Culture Festivals in South Korea consist of pride parades and various other LGBT events, such as film festivals . Currently there are eight Queer Culture Festivals, including Seoul Queer Culture Festival (since 2000), Daegu Queer Culture Festival (since 2009), Busan Queer Culture Festival (since 2017), Jeju Queer Culture Festival (since 2017), Jeonju Queer Culture Festival (since 2018), Gwangju Queer Culture Festival (since 2018), Incheon Queer Culture Festival (since 2018), and Daejeon Queer Culture Festival (since 2024). Nepal Pride Parade

10925-562: The queer pride parade is to honor and celebrate lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons, as well as to raise awareness in society so that people can break free from the stigma and biases that surround them. Swabhiman, a non-governmental organization, coordinated the Queer Pride Walk. More than seven months after four transgender people in Tripura had a harrowing experience at a police station that went viral on social media,

11040-499: The rally count above 1,000 in the second largest East Asian Pride after Taipei's. By now a firmly annual event, Pride 2013 saw more than 5,200 participants. The city continues to hold the event every year, except in 2010 when it was not held due to a budget shortfall. In the Hong Kong Pride Parade 2018, the event broke its previous record, with 12,000 participants. The police arrested a participant who violated

11155-763: The re-criminalization of homosexuality in India. Pride parades have also been held in smaller Indian cities such as Nagpur , Madurai , Bhubaneshwar and Thrissur . Attendance at the pride parades has been increasing significantly since 2008, with an estimated participation of 3,500 people in Delhi and 1,500 people in Bangalore in 2010. On September 6, 2018, sex between same-sex adults was legalized by India's Supreme Court. On September 12, 2022, Tripura celebrated its first 'Queer Pride Walk' held in Agartala . The major goal of

11270-651: The stage, causing a panic, followed by multiple street brawls. In 2023, for the first time, the San Francisco Pride parade organizers began requesting donations to keep the parade financially afloat. Note : Several facts in this section are taken from "San Francisco LGBT Historical Timeline" by KQED (see External links). The themes of Pride festivals from 1970 to 2015 may be seen at San Francisco Pride website. On April 24, 2013, Pride announced that its electoral college had chosen U.S. Army Private First Class Chelsea (then known as Bradley) Manning , at

11385-473: The state's queer community held its first-ever pride walk on Monday in Agartala , claiming the right to live in dignity and equality, free of gender discrimination, stigma, and taboo for being different. Hundreds of lesbians, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) persons marched in the colorful pride parade, waving rainbow flags and holding banners urging people to reject gender stigma and sexuality stereotypes. 'Swabhiman' President Sneha Gupta Roy asserted

11500-548: The subsequent demonstrations, marches and memorials, and who had been members of early activist organizations such as Gay Liberation Front and Gay Activists Alliance. The language has become more accurate and inclusive, though these changes met with initial resistance from some in their own communities who were unaware of the historical events. Changing first to Lesbian and Gay , today most are called Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) or simply "Pride". Pride parades are held in many urban areas and in many countries where

11615-601: The symbol specifically for its denotative meaning in the context of chemistry and physics : "a complete exchange of energy–that moment or span of time witness to absolute activity". The lambda became associated with gay liberation , and in December 1974, it was officially declared the international symbol for gay and lesbian rights by the International Gay Rights Congress in Edinburgh, Scotland . The gay rights organization Lambda Legal and

11730-448: The time imprisoned for leaking classified documents to WikiLeaks , as Community Grand Marshal in absentia for the 43rd annual Gay Pride Parade. Two days later, Pride's board president vetoed the election, declaring it "an error" due to a "systemic failure that now has become apparent and will be rectified." The board subsequently explained that the category in which Manning was elected is restricted to "a local hero (individual) not being

11845-479: The week of June 11, 2010. The main parade, which is also partly funded by the city's municipality, was one of the largest ever to take place in Israel, with approximately 200,000 participants. The first Pride parade in Tel Aviv took place in 1993. On June 30, 2005, the fourth annual Pride march of Jerusalem took place. The Jerusalem parade has been met with resistance due to the high presence of religious bodies in

11960-407: The word at that time being used in a more generic sense to cover the entire spectrum of what is now variously called the 'queer' or LGBT community. By the late 1970s and early 1980s, as many of the actual participants had grown older, moved on to other issues, or died, this passage of time led to misunderstandings as to who had actually participated in the Stonewall riots, who had actually organized

12075-534: Was lavender because that is a mix of pink and blue, making it a symbolic merger of the feminine and masculine. (Lavender had already been used to represent LGBTQ people in other contexts ). However, in May 1974, Metro Transit Advertising said its lawyers could not "determine eligibility of the public service rate" for the lavender rhinoceros ads, which tripled the cost of the ad campaign. Gay Media Action challenged this but were unsuccessful. The lavender rhinoceros symbol

12190-408: Was a gap of a year or so in-between). The pride parades were successful, given that no right-wing group attacked or protested against the pride parade, although the opposition party BJP expressed its disagreement with the concept of gay pride parade. The next day, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh appealed for greater social tolerance towards homosexuals at an AIDS event. On August 16, 2008 (one day after

12305-656: Was formed in May 2013 to organize a "People's Pride", which was "envisioned as an inclusive and explicitly political movement for social justice". Other pride parades held in the Johannesburg area include Soweto Pride which takes place annually in Meadowlands , Soweto, and Ekurhuleni Pride which takes place annually in KwaThema , a township on the East Rand . Pride parades held in other South African cities include

12420-471: Was held on May 8, 2019, in Bishkek , Kyrgyzstan. Many parades still have at least some of the original political or activist character, especially in less accepting settings. The variation is largely dependent upon the political, economic, and religious settings of the area. However, in more accepting cities, the parades take on a festive or even Mardi Gras -like character, whereby the political stage

12535-585: Was held towards the end of the apartheid era in Johannesburg on October 13, 1990, the first such event on the African continent. Section Nine of the country's 1996 constitution provides for equality and freedom from discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation among other factors. The Joburg Pride organizing body disbanded in 2013 due to internal conflict about whether the event should continue to be used for political advocacy. A new committee

12650-490: Was later reclaimed by gay men, as well as some lesbians, in various political movements as a symbol of personal pride and remembrance. AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power ( ACT-UP ) adopted the downward-pointing pink triangle to symbolize the "active fight back" against HIV / AIDS "rather than a passive resignation to fate." The pink triangle was used exclusively with male prisoners, including transfeminine individuals, as cisgender lesbians were not included under Paragraph 175 ,

12765-569: Was postponed once more in 2014, as a result of Protective Edge Operation. In 2022 local environmentalists from Tel Aviv started planning how to make the current year's parade and future parades more sustainable, using composting stations and removing single use plastic from the largest pride parade in the Middle East. The first Pride Parade in Japan was held on August 28, 1994, in Tokyo (while

12880-568: Was postponed to 2006 due to the stress on police forces during the summer of Israel's unilateral disengagement plan . In 2006, it was again postponed due to the Israel-Hezbollah war . It was scheduled to take place in Jerusalem on November 10, 2006, caused a wave of protests by Haredi Jews around central Israel. The Israel National Police had filed a petition to cancel the parade due to foreseen strong opposition. Later, an agreement

12995-573: Was reached to convert the parade into an assembly inside the Hebrew University stadium in Jerusalem. June 21, 2007, the Jerusalem Open House organization succeeded in staging a parade in central Jerusalem after police allocated thousands of personnel to secure the general area. The rally planned afterwards was canceled due to an unrelated national fire brigade strike which prevented proper permits from being issued. The parade

13110-582: Was seen on signs, pins, and t-shirts at the Boston Pride Parade later in 1974, and a life-sized papier-mâché lavender rhinoceros was part of the parade. Money was raised for the ads, and they began running on the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority 's Green Line by December 3, 1974, and ran there until February 1975. The lavender rhinoceros continued as a symbol of the gay community, appearing at

13225-497: Was the route originally planned, and then many of the participants spontaneously marched on to the Civic Center (now Richard J. Daley) Plaza . The date was chosen because the Stonewall events began on the last Saturday of June and because organizers wanted to reach the maximum number of Michigan Avenue shoppers . The West Coast of the United States saw a march in San Francisco on June 27, 1970 and 'Gay-in' on June 28, 1970 and

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