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48-463: Sandpoint is the largest city in, and the county seat of, Bonner County , Idaho , United States . Its population was 9,777 as of the 2022 census . Sandpoint's major economic contributors include forest products, light manufacturing, tourism, recreation and government services. As the largest service center in the two northern Idaho counties ( Bonner and Boundary ), as well as northwestern Montana, it has an active retail sector. Sandpoint lies on

96-531: A Superior Court and Sheriff (as an officer of the court ), both located in a designated "shire town". Bennington County, Vermont has two shire towns; the court for "North Shire" is in the shire town Manchester , and the Sheriff for the county and court for "South Shire" are in the shire town Bennington. In 2024, Connecticut , which had not defined their counties for anything but statistical, historical and weather warning purposes since 1960, along with ending

144-410: A county seat may be an independent city surrounded by, but not part of, the county of which it is the administrative center; for example, Fairfax City is both the county seat of Fairfax County, Virginia and completely surrounded by Fairfax County, but the city is politically independent of the county. When the county seat is in the independent city, government offices such as the courthouse may be in

192-575: A lawsuit filed against them. The lawsuit bankrupted the organization and forced them to give up their Hayden Lake property and disband. In December 2011, Sandpoint became the first city in Idaho to pass an ordinance prohibiting discrimination in housing, employment and public accommodations based on sexual orientation or gender identity. Community organizations stage a number of regionally known annual events, including Sandpoint Winter Carnival in February;

240-431: A weekend. Despite search efforts, no leads were found, and the case remains unsolved. These disappearances have led to various local theories, some of which reference the dense forests surrounding the town. In addition, there have been occasional reports of unusual lights over Lake Pend Oreille at night. Described as glowing orbs, these lights have been attributed to various causes, including possible military activity from

288-596: Is among the five deepest lakes in the United States. The area around the lake is the traditional home of the Kalispel Indian peoples. David Thompson established a North West Company trading post on the lake in 1809. A Canadian fur trader in Thompson's party is believed to have given the lake its name. The words "Pend Oreille" are French for an ear-hanging or pendant. Ear pendants were characteristic of

336-856: Is in Kootenai County and is home to Farragut State Park , formerly the Farragut Naval Training Station during World War II , of which a small part is still active and conducts U.S. Navy acoustic underwater submarine research. The surrounding forests consist of ponderosa pine , Douglas fir , red cedar , poplar , quaking aspen , hemlock , paper birch and western larch . Local animal species include white-tailed deer , elk , gray wolves , moose , mice , squirrels , chipmunks , black bears , grizzly bear , coyotes , mountain goat , cougar and bobcats , along with bald eagles , wild turkeys , osprey , owls , hummingbirds , hawks , woodpeckers , ducks , and

384-409: Is known as the seat of its county. Generally, the county legislature, county courthouse, sheriff's department headquarters, hall of records, jail and correctional facility are located in the county seat, though some functions (such as highway maintenance, which usually requires a large garage for vehicles, along with asphalt and salt storage facilities) may also be located or conducted in other parts of

432-514: Is part of the Lake Pend Oreille School District. Sandpoint High School and Lake Pend Oreille Alternative High School educate students in grades 9 through 12. Forrest Bird Charter School educates grades 6–12. Amtrak 's Empire Builder carries passengers daily in both directions between Chicago , Illinois to the east and Seattle , Washington and Portland , Oregon to the west. Sandpoint's Amtrak station serves as

480-746: The Clark Fork River and the Pack River , and drains into the Pend Oreille River , as well as subsurfacely into the Spokane Valley–Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer . It is surrounded by national forests and a few small towns, with the largest population on the lake at Sandpoint . The majority of the shoreline is non-populated and all but the southern tip of the lake is in Bonner County . The southern tip

528-486: The census of 2010, there were 7,365 people, 3,215 households, and 1,811 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,850 inhabitants per square mile (714.3/km). There were 3,769 housing units at an average density of 947 per square mile (365.6/km). The racial makeup of the city was 95.5% White , 0.1% African American , 0.7% Native American , 0.8% Asian , 0.5% from other races , and 2.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.9% of

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576-478: The mountain bluebird . The lake is a home for several species of migratory water fowl. Lake Pend Oreille was glacially formed during the ice age . It is also believed that the eastern side of the lake was in the path of the ancient Missoula Floods . The lake sits at the south end of the Purcell Trench, carved by glaciers moving south from Canada. The eastern side of the glacier is believed to have formed

624-641: The over-harvested Great Lakes region. Several lumber companies operated in the region from as early as 1896 to present, the most notable being the Humbird Lumber Company which operated from 1900 to around 1944. The lumber companies bought land from the Northern Pacific Railroad and built a major mill at Sandpoint and adjacent Kootenai. Lumber company-owned railroads extended into many of the local drainages including Grouse Creek, Gold Creek and Rapid Lightning Creek. Although

672-599: The 1950s. The economy was given a boost during World War II from Farragut Naval Station , a training center for the US Navy located at the southwestern end of Lake Pend Oreille. The opening of Schweitzer Mountain Resort in 1963 turned the area into a year-round tourism destination. The beauty of the surrounding Selkirk and Cabinet Mountains and Lake Pend Oreille has kept Sandpoint a tourist favorite for water sports, hunting, hiking, horseback riding, fishing and skiing. In

720-619: The 1980s and 1990s, 30 miles south of Sandpoint, the areas of Coeur d'Alene and Hayden Lake attracted nationwide publicity when white supremacist Neo-Nazi groups (most notably the Aryan Nations ) set up headquarters in the area. Many Sandpoint residents reacted negatively to such groups; some formed the Bonner County Human Rights Task Force in opposition. In 2001, the Aryan Nations lost

768-644: The Kalispel tribe. The lake is shaped much like a human ear when viewed from above or on a map. In 1846, Great Britain ceded the bulk of its claims to the Pacific Nortwest pursuant to the Oregon Treaty . During World War II , the south end was the second largest naval training ground in the world and the largest "city" in the state. Built as a result of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor ,

816-619: The Lost in the 50s vintage car show in May; and the Festival at Sandpoint summer music festival in August. Sandpoint's historic vaudeville-era Panida Theater hosts frequent performing art events and an ongoing independent film series. The Music Conservatory of Sandpoint provides classical music classes and inaugurated its "Little Carnegie" concert hall in 2022. A robust visual arts community supported by

864-553: The Pend Oreille Arts Council also contributes to Sandpoint's reputation as a center for arts and culture in northern Idaho and the Inland Northwest. Over the years, Sandport has been the subject of a few unexplained occurrences that have sparked local curiosity. The most well-known is the "Sandport Disappearances" of 1972, when four residents—two adults and two children—went missing over the course of

912-884: The United States, followed by Towson , the county seat of Baltimore County, Maryland . Likewise, some county seats may not be incorporated in their own right, but are located within incorporated municipalities. For example, Cape May Court House, New Jersey , though unincorporated, is a section of Middle Township , an incorporated municipality. In some states, often those that were among the original Thirteen Colonies , county seats include or formerly included "Court House" as part of their name, such as Spotsylvania Courthouse, Virginia . Most counties have only one county seat. However, some counties in Alabama , Arkansas , Georgia , Iowa , Kentucky , Massachusetts , Mississippi , Missouri , New Hampshire , New York , and Vermont have two or more county seats, usually located on opposite sides of

960-492: The area. In August 1888, 29-year-old author and civil servant Theodore Roosevelt visited Sandpoint on a caribou-hunting trip in the Selkirk Mountains . Roosevelt documented what a rough-and-tumble environment "Sand Point" was at that time (and for many decades following). Sandpoint was officially incorporated in 1898. Timber harvesting and railroads drove the economy for nearly a century as loggers moved in from

1008-407: The city was $ 46,712. The per capita income for the city was $ 28,210. The percentage of persons below the poverty line (2016–2020) was 14.7%. The median value of owner-occupied housing in the city was $ 228,800. The homeownership rate (2006–2010) was 49.6%. Of the population over 25 years of age (2006–2010), 89.9% had graduated high school, 25.6% had achieved a bachelor's degree or higher. As of

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1056-526: The counties after his unification, there were about 1,000. Under the Eastern Han dynasty , the number of counties increased to above 1,000. About 1400 existed when the Sui dynasty abolished the commandery level (郡 jùn), which was the level just above counties, and demoted some commanderies to counties. In Imperial China, the county was a significant administrative unit because it marked the lowest level of

1104-418: The county, especially if it is geographically large. A county seat is usually an incorporated municipality . The exceptions include the county seats of counties that have no incorporated municipalities within their borders, such as Arlington County, Virginia , where the county seat is the entire county. Ellicott City , the county seat of Howard County, Maryland , is the largest unincorporated county seat in

1152-420: The county. Examples include Harrison County, Mississippi , which has both Biloxi and Gulfport as county seats, and Hinds County, Mississippi , which has both Raymond and the state capital of Jackson . The practice of multiple county seat towns dates from the days when travel was difficult. There have been few efforts to eliminate the two-seat arrangement, since a county seat is a source of civic pride for

1200-577: The dam for the Missoula floods, at the point where the Clark Fork river enters the lake between the Cabinet and Bitterroot mountains. The lake is made slightly larger by the dam at Albeni Falls , just east of Oldtown ; the dam is ninety feet (27 m) high and operated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers . Along with Crater Lake , Lake Tahoe , Lake Chelan , and Lake Superior , Lake Pend Oreille

1248-459: The day to very cool at night. The record low was −37 °F (−38 °C) on December 30, 1968, while the record high was 106 °F (41 °C) recorded on June 30, 2021. The wettest month was December 1933 with 11.99 inches (304.5 mm) of total precipitation and the most monthly snowfall 68.8 inches (174.8 cm) in January 1969. The median income between 2016 and 2020 for a household in

1296-616: The former Farragut Naval Training Station was used to accommodate the 12th World Scout Jamboree (1 to 8 August), the dates being significant as it marked 60 years to the date after Sir Robert Baden Powell held his first scout camp on Brownsea Island in Poole Harbour, Dorset in England. The following towns are adjacent to the lake: The lake is viewed from the Pend Oreille Scenic Byway , State Highway 200 along

1344-424: The imperial bureaucratic structure; in other words, it was the lowest level that the government reached. Government below the county level was often undertaken through informal non-bureaucratic means, varying between dynasties. The head of a county was the magistrate , who oversaw both the day-to-day operations of the county as well as civil and criminal cases. The current number of counties mostly resembled that of

1392-530: The increase of Han Chinese population in Taiwan, the number of counties also grew by time. By the end of Qing era, there were 11 counties in Taiwan. Protestant missionaries in China first romanized the term as hien . When Taiwan became a Japanese colony in 1895, the hierarchy of divisions also incorporated into the Japanese system in the period when Taiwan was under Japanese rule. By September 1945, Taiwan

1440-625: The independent city under an agreement, such as in Albemarle , or may in be enclaves of the county surrounded by the independent city, such as in Fairfax . Others, such as Prince William , have the courthouse in an enclave surrounded by the independent city and have the county government, the Board of Supervisors, in a different part of the county, far from the county seat. The following counties have their county seat in an independent city: Bedford

1488-758: The later years of the Qing dynasty . Changes of location and names of counties in Chinese history have been a major field of research in Chinese historical geography, especially from the 1960s to the 1980s. There are 1,355 counties in Mainland China out of a total of 2,851 county-level divisions. In Taiwan , the first counties were first established in 1661 by the Kingdom of Tungning . The later ruler Qing empire inherited this type of administrative divisions. With

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1536-583: The nearby Farragut Naval Training Station , though no definitive explanations have been provided. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 4.79 square miles (12.41 km), of which 3.98 square miles (10.31 km) is land and 0.81 square miles (2.10 km) is water. Sandpoint has a fairly typical inland Northwestern humid continental climate ( Köppen Dsb ), with cold, snowy winters and dry summers with large diurnal temperature swings from hot in

1584-873: The north shore. US 95 crosses the lake via Long bridge. Much of the shore is mountainous. The mountains to the east are the Green Monarchs; to the north are the Cabinet Mountains ; to the southwest the Coeur d'Alene Mountains ; and to northwest are the Selkirk Mountains . The lake is known to harbor several invasive species . Some of these species include: The lake is home to many species of fish, including rainbow trout , lake trout , bull trout , cutthroat trout , brown trout , cutbow , perch , black crappie , bluegill , largemouth bass , smallmouth bass , whitefish , walleye , northern pike , northern pikeminnow , and kokanee salmon . Lake Pend Oreille

1632-470: The northern Idaho Panhandle is the largest lake in the U.S. state of Idaho and the 38th-largest lake by area in the United States , with a surface area of 148 square miles (380 km ). It is 69 kilometres (43 mi) long, and 1,152 feet (351 m) deep in some regions, making it the fifth-deepest in the nation and having a volume of 43,939,940 acre feet = 54 km . The lake is fed by

1680-674: The only stop in Idaho. Sandpoint is on the main line of the BNSF Railroad , 80 railroad miles northeast of Spokane . Traffic flow was improved in 2023 by paralleling a 2.2-mile segment including the lake crossing that had been constricted by a single-track bridge. Television stations serving Sandpoint originate from the Spokane , Washington market: County seat In Canada , the provinces of Ontario , Quebec , New Brunswick , Prince Edward Island , and Nova Scotia have counties as an administrative division of government below

1728-543: The past decade, in 2011 Sandpoint was named the nation's "Most Beautiful Small Town" by Rand McNally and USA Today . Salish Tribes , specifically the Kalispel , and the Kootenai , built encampments on the shore of Lake Pend Oreille every summer, fished, made baskets of cedar, and collected huckleberries before returning to either Montana or Washington in the fall. The encampments ended before 1930. The region

1776-442: The population. There were 3,215 households, of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.4% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.7% were non-families. 36.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

1824-775: The provincial level, and thus county seats. In the provinces of Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia the term "shire town" is used in place of county seat. County seats in China are the administrative centers of the counties in the People's Republic of China . Xian have existed since the Warring States period and were set up nationwide by the Qin dynasty . The number of counties in China proper gradually increased from dynasty to dynasty. As Qin Shi Huang reorganized

1872-617: The shores of Idaho's largest lake, 43-mile-long (69 km) Lake Pend Oreille , and is surrounded by three major mountain ranges, the Selkirk , Cabinet and Bitterroot ranges. It is home to Schweitzer Mountain Resort , Idaho's largest ski resort, and is on the International Selkirk Loop and two National Scenic Byways (Wild Horse Trail and Pend Oreille Scenic Byway ). Among other distinctions awarded by national media in

1920-777: The state's area, has no borough government or borough seat. One borough, the Lake and Peninsula Borough , has its borough seat located in another borough, namely King Salmon in Bristol Bay Borough . In Louisiana , which is divided into parishes rather than counties, county seats are referred to as "parish seats". In New England , counties have served mainly as dividing lines for the states' judicial systems. Rhode Island has no county level of government and thus no county seats, and Massachusetts has dissolved many but not all of its county governments. In Vermont , Massachusetts , and Maine county government consists only of

1968-416: The towns involved, along with providing employment opportunities. There are 33 counties with multiple county seats in 11 states: Alaska is divided into boroughs rather than counties; the county seat in these case is referred to as the "borough seat"; this includes six consolidated city-borough governments (one of which is styled as a "municipality"). The Unorganized Borough, Alaska , which covers 49% of

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2016-644: The training station is now Farragut State Park . The lake's Large Scale Vehicle Range is still used by the Navy 's Acoustic Research Detachment for sonar testing with large-scale submarine prototypes on the Pend Oreille Calibration Station. The significant depth gives acoustic properties similar to the open ocean. Background noise is less than at ocean testing locations, and the sound signatures being investigated cannot be monitored by foreign governments in international waters. In 1967,

2064-467: The trees were never exhausted in the area, Humbird Lumber succumbed to the low timber prices of the Great Depression . "Stump ranches" were sold by Humbird to many families who slowly cleared much of the valley land of tree stumps. Farming and ranching became the third largest business in the area, behind lumber and railroads, prior to the "discovery" of Lake Pend Oreille as a sports fishery in

2112-544: The use of county seats in particular, will fully transition with the permission of the United States Census Bureau to a system of councils of government for the purposes of boundary definition and as county equivalents. Two counties in South Dakota , Oglala Lakota and Todd , have their county seat and government services centered in a neighboring county. Their county-level services are provided by Fall River County and Tripp County , respectively. In Virginia ,

2160-426: Was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.86. The median age in the city was 38.8 years. 23.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.2% were from 25 to 44; 25.9% were from 45 to 64; and 16.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.2% male and 51.8% female. Since 2002, Sandpoint has been home to aircraft manufacturer Quest Aircraft . Sandpoint

2208-428: Was an independent city from 1968 to 2013, while also being the county seat of Bedford County . Bedford reverted to an incorporated town, and remains the county seat, though is now part of the county. The state with the most counties is Texas, with 254, and the state with the fewest counties is Delaware, with 3. Lake Pend Oreille Lake Pend Oreille ( / ˌ p ɒ n d ə ˈ r eɪ / POND -ə- RAY ) in

2256-573: Was divided into 8 prefectures ( 州 and 廳 ), which remained after the Republic of China took over. There are 13 county seats in Taiwan, which function as county-administered cities , urban townships , or rural townships . In most of the United States , a county is an administrative or political subdivision of a state that consists of a geographic area with specific boundaries and usually some level of governmental authority. The city, town, or populated place that houses county government

2304-696: Was extensively explored by David Thompson of the North West Company starting in 1807. Disputed joint British/American occupation of the Columbia District led to the Oregon boundary dispute . This controversy ended in 1846 with the signing of the Oregon Treaty , whereby Britain ceded all rights to land south of the 49th parallel . In the 1880s, the Northern Pacific Railroad brought European and Chinese settlement to

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