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90-614: Sant Miquel (Catalan for Saint Michael ) may refer to: Buildings [ edit ] Sant Miquel , Benedictine monastery in Cruïlles, Monells i Sant Sadurní de l'Heura, Catalonia, Spain Sant Miquel del Fai , Benedictine monastery in Bigues i Riells, Catalonia, Spain Places [ edit ] Port de Sant Miguel , small beach resort on

180-477: A church was dedicated to him in the early fourth century on the 12th of the month of Paoni . The 12th of the month of Hathor is the celebration of Michael's appointment in heaven, where Michael became the chief of the angels. Protestants recognize Michael as an archangel. The Anglican and Methodist traditions recognize four archangels: Michael, Raphael , Gabriel , and Uriel . The controversial Anglican bishop Robert Clayton (d. 1758) proposed that Michael

270-555: A continually lit lamp or light in front of the Torah ark , where the Torah scroll is kept, called the ner tamid (eternal light). This lamp represents the continually lit ner Elohim of the menorah used in Temple times. In addition, many synagogues display either a menorah or an artistic representation of a menorah. A menorah appears in the Emblem of Israel , based on the depiction of

360-417: A cry of command, with the voice of an archangel, and with the sound of the trumpet". They believe the prominent roles assigned to Michael at Daniel 12:1, Revelation 12:7, Revelation 19:14, and Revelation 16 are identical to Jesus' roles, being the one chosen to lead God's people and as the only one who "stands up", identifying the two as the same spirit being. Because they identify Michael with Jesus, he

450-1075: A festive service in Lutheran churches, for which Bach composed several cantatas, for example the chorale cantata Herr Gott, dich loben alle wir, BWV 130 in 1724, Es erhub sich ein Streit , BWV 19 , in 1726 and Man singet mit Freuden vom Sieg , BWV 149 , in 1728 or 1729. Many Protestant theologians identify a relationship, (e.g. typological or identical), between Michael with Christ, including: Martin Luther Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg , Andrew Willet Herman Witsius W. L. Alexander , Jacobus Ode, Campegius Vitringa , Philip Melanchthon , Hugh Broughton , Franciscus Junius , Hävernick Amandus Polanus , Johannes Oecolampadius , Samuel Horsely , William Kincaid John Calvin Isaac Watts , John Brown , and James Wood. Charles Spurgeon once stated that Jesus

540-505: A light or lamp (e.g. Psalms 119:105; Psalms 119:130; cf. Proverbs 6:23). In the Eastern Orthodox Church the use of the menorah has been preserved, always standing on or behind the altar in the sanctuary. Though candles may be used, the traditional practice is to use olive oil in the seven-lamp lampstand. There are varying liturgical practices, and usually all seven lamps are lit for the services, though sometimes only

630-468: A nine-branched variant of the menorah, is closely associated with the Jewish festival of Hanukkah . The Hebrew Bible states that God revealed the design for the menorah to Moses and describes the construction of the menorah as follows: Make a lampstand of pure gold. Hammer out its base and shaft, and make its flowerlike cups, buds and blossoms of one piece with them. Six branches are to extend from

720-553: A number of Eastern Orthodox hymns and prayer, and his icons are widely used within Eastern Orthodox churches. In many Eastern Orthodox icons, Christ is accompanied by a number of angels, Michael being a predominant figure among them. In Russia, many monasteries, cathedrals, court and merchant churches are dedicated to the Chief Commander Michael; most Russian cities have a church or chapel dedicated to

810-680: A number of cities and countries. Catholic tradition includes also elements such as the Prayer to Saint Michael , which specifically asks for the faithful to be "defended" by the saint. The Chaplet of Saint Michael consists of nine salutations, one for each choir of angels. Sancte Míchael Archángele, defénde nos in próelio; contra nequítiam et insídias diáboli esto praesídium. Imperet illi Deus, súpplices deprecámur, tuque, Prínceps milítiae caeléstis, Sátanam aliósque spíritus malígnos, qui ad perditiónem animárum pervagántur in mundo, divína virtúte, in inférnum detrúde. Saint Michael

900-631: A piece of itself, some of which will burn. This is articulated by Al-Tha'labi , whose narrative states that God tells Earth that some will obey him and others will not. Michael is called Mika'il or Mikha'il in Muslim works generally, but in the one instance in which he is mentioned in the Quran he is called Mīkāl. The single Quranic mention comes in the QS 2:98, when the Jews of Medina challenged Muhammed to tell them

990-431: A place in the Jewish liturgy: "When a man is in need he must pray directly to God, and neither to Michael nor to Gabriel ." Jeremiah addresses a prayer to him. The rabbis declare that Michael entered into his role of defender at the time of the biblical patriarchs. Rabbi Eliezer ben Jacob said he rescued Abraham from the furnace into which he had been thrown by Nimrod (Midrash Genesis Rabbah xliv. 16). Some say he

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1080-709: A single block of solid gold, with decorations based on the depiction of the original in the Arch of Titus and the Temple Institute's interpretation of the relevant religious texts. A menorah appeared on the cap badge of the First Judeans of the Jewish Legion (1919–1921). Sometimes when teaching learners of the Hebrew language , a chart shaped like the seven-lamp menorah is used to help students remember

1170-459: A supplication reportedly handed down by the 6th Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq , the reciter sends blessing upon Michael (with his name spelled as Mīkā'īl): O Allah! Bestow your blessing on Michael-angel of Your mercy and created for kindness and seeker of pardon for and supporter of the obedient people. In the creation narrative of Adam he was sent to bring a handful of earth, but the Earth did not yield

1260-649: A symbol closely associated with the Jewish holiday of Hanukkah . According to the Talmud , after the Seleucid desecration of the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem , there was only enough sealed (and therefore not desecrated) consecrated olive oil left to fuel the eternal flame in the Temple for one day. Miraculously, the oil burned for eight days, which was enough time to make new pure oil. The Talmud states that it

1350-623: A total of 66 units, which Conner claims is a picture of the Protestant canon of scripture (containing 66 books). Moreover, Conner notes that the total decorative units on the shaft and three branches equate to 39 (the number of Old Testament books within Protestant versions of the Bible); and the units on the remaining three branches come to 27 (the number of New Testament books). Conner connects this to Bible passages that speak of God's word as

1440-473: Is "the true Michael" and "the only Archangel". John Gill comments on Jude 9, "'Yet Michael the archangel ...' By whom is meant, not a created angel, but an eternal one, the Lord Jesus Christ ..." Seventh-day Adventists believe that "Michael" is but one of the many titles applied to the pre-existent Christ, or Son of God. According to Adventists, such a view does not in any way conflict with

1530-805: Is a seven-branched candelabrum that is described in the Hebrew Bible and in later ancient sources as having been used in the Tabernacle and in the Temple in Jerusalem . Since ancient times, it has served as a symbol representing the Jewish people and Judaism in both the Land of Israel and the Diaspora . It eventually became the State of Israel 's official emblem after its founding in 1948. According to

1620-612: Is a seven-lamp oil lamp lit to represent the seven stars of the Northern Dipper . This lampstand is a requirement for all Taoist temples, never to be extinguished. In the first 9 days of the lunar 9th month festival, an oil lamp of nine connected lamps may also be lit to honour both the Northern Dipper and two other assistant stars (collectively known as the Nine Emperor Stars), sons of Dou Mu appointed by

1710-516: Is also responsible for universal or environmental events, and is often depicted as the archangel of mercy. He is said to be friendly, asking God for mercy toward humans and is, according to Muslim legends, one of the first to obey God's orders to bow before Adam . He is also responsible for the rewards doled out to good persons in this life. From the tears of Michael, angels are created as his helpers. Consensus of Islamic scholars and clerics has enclosed various hadiths as interpretation material for

1800-493: Is called a hanukkiah in Modern Hebrew . This is alluded to in the verses: "Though I walk through the valley of the deepest darkness, I will fear no evil, because You are with me" and "because even if I have fallen, I will rise again; even if I feel in the darkness, Hashem is my light. "Let the light of Divinity perceptions descend into the depths of "darkness ", into "the valley of the deepest darkness", to illuminate

1890-508: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Michael (archangel) The Book of Enoch lists him as one of seven archangels (the remaining names are Uriel , Raguel , Raphael , Sariel , Gabriel , and Remiel ), who, in the Book of Tobit , "stand ready and enter before the glory of the Lord". The fact that Michael is introduced implies

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1980-699: Is in itself a negative element, that is, it does not give the hope of obtaining complete devotion: "darkness" is like an inaccessible place, darkness conceals the depth of the gaze; in Chassidut an awakening from below is the "service" for God, i.e. the Avodah . During the victory of the Kedushah in Hanukkah, the Kohen Gadol almost declared that divine light must triumph. When the risk of "fall" can do

2070-690: Is often depicted holding scales. In his fourth role, Saint Michael, the special patron of the Chosen People in the Old Testament, is also the guardian of the Church. Saint Michael was revered by the military orders of knights during the Middle Ages . The names of villages around the Bay of Biscay reflect that history. Moreover, doubtless for the same motive he was considered the patron saint of

2160-510: Is prohibited to use a seven-lamp menorah outside of the Temple. A Hanukkah menorah therefore has eight main branches, plus the raised ninth lamp set apart as the shamash (servant) light which is used to kindle the other lights. The word shamash was not originally a "Hanukkah word" and only became associated with the holiday in the 16th century although it first appeared in the Mishnah (c. 200 C.E.) and Talmud (c. 500 C.E.). This type of menorah

2250-614: Is saying. According to Clement of Alexandria and Philo Judaeus , the seven lamps of the golden menorah represented the seven classical planets in this order: the Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. It is also said to symbolize the burning bush as seen by Moses on Mount Horeb . Kevin Conner has noted of the original menorah, described in Exodus 25, that each of

2340-565: Is that… the Menorah was on the southern side [of the Temple]." The seven lamps allude to the branches of human knowledge , represented by the six lamps inclined inwards towards, and symbolically guided by, the light of God represented by the central lamp. The menorah also symbolizes the creation in seven days, with the center light representing the Sabbath . A nine-branched menorah is also

2430-503: Is therefore considered the first and greatest of all God's heavenly sons, God's chief messenger, who takes the lead in vindicating God's sovereignty , sanctifying his name, fighting the wicked forces of Satan and protecting God's covenant people on earth. Jehovah's Witnesses also identify Michael with the " Angel of the Lord " who led and protected the Israelites in the wilderness. Their earliest teachings stated that Archangel Michael

2520-543: The Byzantine army recovered it in 533 and brought it to Constantinople , then later returned it to Jerusalem, but many other theories have been advanced for its eventual fate, and no clear evidence of its location has been recorded since late antiquity . The menorah is frequently used as a symbol in Jewish art . There are no representations of the menorah from the First Temple period , but some examples dating from

2610-784: The Israelites crossed the Jordan River . When the tabernacle tent was pitched in Shiloh , it is assumed that the menorah was also present. However, no mention is made of it during the years that the Ark of the Covenant was moved in the times of Samuel and Saul . According to 2 Kings and the Books of Chronicles , Solomon created ten lampstands ("menorahs"), that were put in the heikal, Solomon's Temple main chamber. The weight of

2700-545: The Leonine Sacramentary . The seventh-century Gelasian Sacramentary included the feast "S. Michaelis Archangeli" , as did the eighth-century Gregorian Sacramentary . Some of these documents refer to a Basilica Archangeli (no longer extant) on via Salaria in Rome. The angelology of Pseudo-Dionysius , which was widely read as of the sixth century, gave Michael a rank in the hierarchy of angels . Later, in

2790-624: The Litany of the Saints . In the shortened version used in the Easter Vigil , he alone of the angels and archangels is mentioned by name, saints Gabriel and Raphael being omitted. In Roman Catholic teachings , Saint Michael has four main roles or offices. His first role is the leader of the Army of God and the leader of heaven's forces in their triumph over the powers of hell. He is viewed as

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2880-817: The Old City of Jerusalem , and in Magdala (on the Magdala Stone ). The use of menorahs in Jewish art and in particular in Jewish funerary art became much more common in the late Roman and Byzantine periods. The menorah was a distinctive symbol of Samaritan identity during the Byzantine and Islamic periods. Repurposed stone menorah reliefs, some with accompanying plant decorations, have been found in contemporary structures in several villages of ancient Samaria , including Qariyet Hajjah , Kafr Abbush , Kafr Zibad , Kafr Qaddum and Kafr Jit . Synagogues have

2970-562: The Roman destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple in 70 CE, the menorah was taken to Rome ; the Arch of Titus , which still stands today, famously depicts the menorah being carried away by the triumphant Romans along with other spoils of the destroyed temple. The menorah was reportedly taken to Carthage by the Vandals after the sacking of Rome in 455. Byzantine historian Procopius reported that

3060-535: The Second Temple period have been recorded. Menorah images that were discovered include the coins of Antigonus II Mattathias , the last Hasmonean king of Judea, as well as on the walls of an Upper City mansion and Jason's Tomb in Jerusalem, and objects such as the Magdala stone . Following the destruction of the Second Temple, the menorah came to be recognized as a distinctively Jewish symbol and

3150-621: The Temple of Peace in Rome , or in the Imperial Palace. It was still there when the city was sacked by Vandals in 455 CE. The location and state of the Menorah following the Vandal sack of Rome remains a mystery. Many scholars assume that at this point the Menorah left Rome for Carthage and further destinations, but some believe that the Menorah remains in Rome to this day. The objects that were crafted, and then hidden away are these:

3240-564: The Archangel Michael. In Ukraine, the Archangel Michael is the patron saint of the capital city, Kyiv. He became popular since the time of Prince Vsevolod of Kievan Rus'. While in the Serbian Orthodox Church Saint Sava has a special role as the establisher of its autocephaly and the largest Belgrade church is devoted to him, the capital Belgrade 's Orthodox cathedral , the see church of

3330-526: The Archangel, defend us in battle. Be our defense against the wickedness and snares of the Devil. May God rebuke him, we humbly pray, and do thou, O Prince of the heavenly hosts, by the power of God, thrust into hell Satan, and all the evil spirits, who prowl about the world seeking the ruin of souls. The Eastern Orthodox accord Michael the title Archistrategos , or "Supreme Commander of

3420-469: The Heavenly Hosts". The Eastern Orthodox pray to their guardian angels and above all to Michael and Gabriel. The Eastern Orthodox have always had strong devotions to angels. In contemporary times they are referred to by the term of "Bodiless Powers". A number of feasts dedicated to Archangel Michael are celebrated by the Eastern Orthodox throughout the year. Archangel Michael is mentioned in

3510-519: The Hebrew Bible, the menorah was made out of pure gold , and the only source of fuel that was allowed to be used to light the lamps was fresh olive oil . The menorah was placed in the Tabernacle . Biblical tradition holds that Solomon's Temple was home to ten menorahs, which were later plundered by the Babylonians ; the Second Temple is also said to have been home to a menorah. Following

3600-483: The Muslims recited the names of both in the obligatory daily prayers (the salat). The place of Michael, and some of the other archangels, is not clearly identified in the major sources, and among ordinary Muslims knowledge of them is drawn from non-Islamic sources, notably Jewish. Temple menorah The menorah ( / m ə ˈ n ɔː r ə / ; Hebrew : מְנוֹרָה mənōrā , pronounced [menoˈʁa] )

3690-559: The Qurʾān in one mode, and Michael told him to ask more, till he reached seven modes, each mode being sufficiently health-giving. According to another hadith in Sahih Muslim , Michael, along with Gabriel both dressed in white, were reported to have accompanied Muhammad on the day of the Battle of Uhud . Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri has recorded in his historiography works of Quran and Hadith revelation in Prophetic biography , that Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas testified has saw Jibril and Mikail during that battle. In Shia Islam , in Dua Umm Dawood,

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3780-407: The Talmud, the miracle of the ner hama'aravi ended after the High Priesthood of Simon the Just in the 3rd or 4th century BC. Contrary to some modern designs, the ancient menorah burned oil and did not contain anything resembling candles , which were unknown in the Middle East until about 400 CE. The original menorah was made for the tabernacle , and the Bible records it as being present until

3870-439: The Taoist Trinity (the Three Pure Ones) to hold the Books of Life and Death of humanity. The lamps represent the illumination of the 7 stars, and lighting them are believed to absolve sins while prolonging one's lifespan. The menorah features prominently in the 2013 crypto-thriller The Sword of Moses by Dominic Selwood . It is also featured in the archaeology novels Crusader Gold , by David Gibbins , The Last Secret of

3960-502: The advocate of Israel, and sometimes had to fight with the princes of the other nations (Daniel 10:13) and particularly with the angel Samael , Israel's accuser. Their enmity dates from the time Samael was thrown from heaven and tried to drag Michael down with him, necessitating God's intervention. The idea that Michael was the advocate of the Jews became so prevalent that in spite of the rabbinical prohibition against appealing to angels as intermediaries between God and his people, he held

4050-429: The angelic model for the virtues of the "spiritual warrior", his conflict with evil taken as "the battle within". The second and third roles of Michael in Catholic teachings deal with death. In his second role, he is the angel of death, carrying the souls of Christians to heaven. Catholic prayers often refer to this role of Michael. In his third role, he weighs souls on his perfectly balanced scales. For this reason, he

4140-475: The angels" he led the angels and thus the statement in Revelation 12:7–9 identifies/refers to Jesus as Michael. Jehovah's Witnesses believe Michael to be another name for Jesus in heaven , in his pre-human and post-resurrection existence. They say the definite article at Jude 9 —referring to "Michael the archangel"—identifies Michael as the only archangel. They consider Michael to be synonymous with Christ, described at 1 Thessalonians 4:16 as descending "with

4230-408: The belief in the full deity and eternal preexistence of Jesus Christ, nor does it in the least disparage his person and work. According to Adventist theology, Michael was considered the "eternal Word", and the one by whom all things were created. The Word was then born incarnate as Jesus. They believe that name "Michael" signifies "One Who Is Like God" and that as the "Archangel" or "chief or head of

4320-403: The body of Moses, "did not presume to pronounce the verdict of 'slander' but said, 'The Lord punish you!' Michael was venerated as a healer in Phrygia (modern-day Turkey). The earliest and most famous sanctuary to Michael in the ancient Near East was also associated with healing waters. It was the Michaelion built in the early fourth century by Constantine the Great at Chalcedon , on

4410-430: The depiction on the Arch of Titus, which could possibly have been carved by an eyewitness to the actual menorah present at the time in the Temple at Jerusalem. This menorah has arms which are polygonal, not rounded, and the base is not graduated but triangular. It is notable, however, that this artifact was found a significant distance from Jerusalem and the Arch of Titus has often been interpreted as an eyewitness account of

4500-448: The disciples, the goal being to accuse them, but the accusation is opposed by Jesus, who thus takes on the role played by angels, and especially by Michael, in Judaism. Michael is mentioned by name for the second time in the Epistle of Jude , a passionate warning against divisive, abusive, ungodly persons. In verses 9–10 the author denounces the ungodly persons by contrasting them with the archangel Michael, who, disputing with Satan over

4590-403: The end-time, "Michael, the great prince who protects your people, will arise". Enoch was instrumental in establishing the pre-eminent place of Michael among the angels or archangels, and in later Jewish works, he is said to be their chief, mediating the Torah (the law of God), and standing at the right hand of the throne of God. In the traditions of the Qumran community, he defends or leads

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4680-438: The height of the First Jewish–Roman War . Its fate is recorded by Josephus, who states that it was brought to Rome and carried along during the triumph of Vespasian and Titus . The bas relief on the Arch of Titus in Rome depicts a scene of Roman soldiers carrying away the spoils of the Second Temple, including the menorah. For centuries, the menorah and the other temple treasures were displayed as war trophies either at

4770-404: The knowledge of him and the other named angels. He is mentioned again in last chapters of the Book of Daniel , a Jewish apocalypse composed in the second century BC although set in the sixth, in which a man clothed in linen (never identified, but probably the archangel Gabriel ) tells Daniel that he and "Michael, your prince" are engaged in a battle with the " prince of Persia ", after which, at

4860-470: The lampstand, a second bud under the second pair, and a third bud under the third pair—six branches in all. The buds and branches shall be all of one piece with the lampstand, hammered out of pure gold. Then make its seven lamps and set them up on it so that they light the space in front of it. Its wick trimmers and trays are to be of pure gold. A talent of pure gold is to be used for the lampstand and all these accessories. See that you make them according to

4950-431: The lampstands (plural) when he pillaged the Temple. The later record of the making of "new holy vessels" may refer to the manufacture of new lampstands. According to the Talmud , the returning Hasmoneans were poor and forced to construct the Menorah out of wood. They later upgraded it to silver and ultimately gold. The menorah from the Second Temple was carried to Rome after the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE at

5040-451: The lampstands forms part of the detailed instructions given to Solomon by David . According to the Book of Jeremiah , the lampstands were taken away by the Babylonian general Nebuzaradan following the destruction of Jerusalem . During the construction of the Second Temple following the Return to Zion , no mention is made of the return of the menorah but only of "vessels." The book of Maccabees records that Antiochus IV took away

5130-460: The loss of faith in the Jewish religion as the abyss of Israel's personal and collective identity, the Kohen Gadol thus insists for the "awakening" of the most distant souls in order to direct them with Kavanah towards the fulfillment of the Mitzvot : ...because the Torah is the light and the Mitzvah is a lamp . The New Testament Book of Revelation refers to a mystery of seven golden lampstands representing seven churches. The messages to

5220-410: The lowest, so that even that light and consciousness of Divinity reaches them, so that He can heal and correct them to return them to Him. In Kabbalah Or Panim ("the light of the Face") is a fundamental conception for the process called Tikkun . All the Kavvanot , the spiritual measures of faith for the realization of the Kingdom of God, focus on the manifestation of the Or Panim ; actually darkness

5310-421: The menorah , the curtain [that partitioned the holy from the holy-of-holies], and the head-plate are still sitting in Rome. The menorah symbolized the ideal of universal enlightenment. The idea that the menorah symbolizes wisdom is noted in the Talmud, for example, in the following: "Rabbi Isaac said: He who desires to become wise should incline to the south [when praying]. The symbol [by which to remember this]

5400-460: The menorah on the Arch of Titus. The Temple Institute has created a life-sized menorah, designed by goldsmith Chaim Odem, intended for use in a future Third Temple . The Jerusalem Post describes the menorah as made "according to excruciatingly exacting Biblical specifications and prepared to be pressed into service immediately should the need arise." The menorah is made of one talent (interpreted as 45 kg) of 24 karat pure gold, hammered out of

5490-593: The menorah was placed in the antechamber of the Temple sanctuary, over against its southernmost wall, the Talmud ( Menahot 98b) brings down a dispute between two scholars on whether or not the menorah was situated north to south, or east to west. The branches are often artistically depicted as semicircular, but Rashi , (according to some contemporary readings) and Maimonides (in a sketch commented on by his son Avraham ), held that they were straight; all other Jewish authorities, both classical (e.g. Philo and Josephus) and medieval (e.g. Ibn Ezra), who express an opinion on

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5580-423: The name of the angel (malaika = creature with a knowledge) from whom he received his revelations; when he told them it was Gabriel, the Jews said that Gabriel was their enemy, and that revelations came from Michael. The hadith (sayings of and about the Prophet collected by his followers) quote Muhammed mentioning both Gabriel and Michael as two angels who showed him Paradise and hell, and in the early years of Islam

5670-423: The north west coast of Ibiza Sant Miquel de Balansat , village in the Spanish island of Ibiza Sant Miquel de Campmajor , municipality in the comarca of Pla de l'Estany Sant Miquel de Fluvià , municipality in the comarca of Alt Empordà Sant Miquel de Solterra , highest mountain of the Guilleries Massif, Catalonia, Spain See also [ edit ] Miquel (disambiguation) Topics referred to by

5760-428: The original menorah being looted from the temple in Jerusalem. According to the Book of Exodus , the lamps of the menorah were lit daily from fresh, consecrated olive oil and burned from evening until morning. Josephus states that three of the seven lamps were allowed to burn during the day also; however, according to one opinion in the Talmud , only the center lamp was left burning all day, into which as much oil

5850-416: The patriarch, is devoted to Archangel Michael (in Serbian: Арханђел Михаило / Arhanđel Mihailo ). The place of Michael in the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria is as a saintly intercessor . He is the one who presents to God the prayers of the just, who accompanies the souls of the dead to heaven, who defeats the devil. He is celebrated liturgically on the 12th of each Coptic month . In Alexandria ,

5940-406: The pattern shown you on the mountain. The Book of Numbers (Chapter 8) adds that the seven lamps are to give light in front of the lampstand and reiterates that the lampstand was made in accordance with the pattern shown to Moses on the mountain. Rabbinic sources teach that the menorah stood 18 handbreadths/palms (three common cubits ) high, or approximately 1.62 metres (5.3 ft). Although

6030-425: The people of God in the eschatological (i.e., end-time) battle. And in other writings, he is responsible for the care of Israel (and he may be the "one like a son of man" mentioned in Daniel 7:13–14) and the commander of the heavenly armies; he is Israel's advocate contesting Satan's claim to the body of Moses; he intercedes between God and humanity and serves as High Priest in the heavenly sanctuary; and he accompanies

6120-411: The role of the binyanim of the Hebrew verb . The menorah is the main element in several Holocaust memorials . The kinara is also, like the menorah, a seven candleholder which is associated with the African American festival of Kwanzaa . One candle is lit on each day of the week-long celebration, in a similar manner as the Hannukah menorah. In Taoism , the Seven-Star Lamp qi xing deng 七星燈

6210-417: The ruins of a synagogue in Magdala with pottery dating from before the destruction of the Second Temple were discovered under land owned by the Legionaries of Christ , who had intended to construct a center for women's studies. Inside that synagogue's ruins, a carved stone block was discovered, which had on its surface, among other ornate carvings, a depiction of the seven-lamp menorah differing markedly from

6300-457: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Sant Miquel . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sant_Miquel&oldid=736336887 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

6390-409: The seven churches from Jesus Christ found have at least four applications: (1) a local application to the specific cities and believers in the church; (2) to all the churches of all generations; (3) a prophetic application unveiling seven distinct phases of church history from the days of the apostle John until today; (4) a personal application to individual believers who have ears to hear what the Spirit

6480-401: The sides of the lampstand—three on one side and three on the other. Three cups shaped like almond flowers with buds and blossoms are to be on one branch, three on the next branch, and the same for all six branches extending from the lampstand. And on the lampstand are to be four cups shaped like almond flowers with buds and blossoms. One bud shall be under the first pair of branches extending from

6570-532: The site of an earlier temple called Sosthenion . Epiphanius of Salamis (c. 310–320 – 403) in his Coptic-Arabic Hexaemeron referred to Michael as a replacement of Satan . Accordingly, after Satan fell, Michael was appointed to the function Satan served when he was still one of the noble angels. A painting of the Archangel slaying a serpent became a major art piece at the Michaelion after Constantine defeated Licinius near there in 324. This contributed to

6660-418: The six tributary branches coming out of the main shaft was decorated with three sets of "cups... shaped like almond blossoms... a bulb and a flower..." (Exodus 25:33, NASB). This would create three sets of three units on each branch, a total of nine units per branch. The main shaft, however, had four sets of blossoms, bulbs and flowers, making a total of twelve units on the shaft (Exodus 25:34). This would create

6750-424: The souls of the righteous dead to Paradise. The seven archangels (or four – the traditions differ but always include Michael) were associated with the branches of the menorah , the sacred seven-branched lampstand in the Temple as the seven spirits before the throne of God, and this is reflected in the Book of Revelation 4:5 ("From the throne came flashes of lightning, and rumblings and peals of thunder, and before

6840-570: The standard iconography that developed of the Archangel Michael as a warrior saint slaying a dragon. The Michaelion was a magnificent church and in time became a model for hundreds of other churches in Eastern Christianity ; these spread devotions to the Archangel. In the fourth century, Saint Basil the Great 's homily ( De Angelis ) placed Saint Michael over all the angels. He was called "Archangel" because he heralds other angels,

6930-427: The subject state that the arms were round. The Roman-Jewish historian Josephus , who witnessed the Temple's destruction, says that the menorah was actually situated obliquely, to the east and south. The most famous preserved representation of the menorah of the Second Temple was depicted in a frieze on the Arch of Titus , commemorating his triumphal parade in Rome following the destruction of Jerusalem in

7020-401: The tent of meeting and the vessels contained therein, the ark and the broken tablets, the container of manna, and the flask of anointing oil, the stick of Aaron and its almonds and flowers, the priestly garments, and the garments of the anointed [high] priest. But, the spice-grinder of the family of Avtinas [used to make the unique incense in the Temple], the [golden] table [of the showbread],

7110-689: The thirteenth century, others such as Bonaventure believed that he is the prince of the Seraphim , the first of the nine angelic orders. According to Thomas Aquinas ( Summa Ia. 113.3), he is the Prince of the last and lowest choir, the Angels. Catholics often refer to Michael as "Holy Michael, the Archangel" or "Saint Michael", a title that does not indicate canonisation . He is generally referred to in Christian litanies as "Saint Michael", as in

7200-548: The three centermost are lit for the lesser services. If the church does not have a sanctuary lamp the centermost lamp of the seven lamps may remain lit as an eternal flame . The use of the temple menorah as an artistic decoration during the Second Temple period and up to the Bar Kokhba revolt is quite rare. Examples were uncovered in burial caves near Mukhmas (ancient Michmas ), in the Herodian Quarter in

7290-664: The throne were burning seven torches of fire, which are the seven spirits of God" – ESV). Michael is mentioned explicitly in Revelation 12:7–12, where he does battle with Satan and casts him out of heaven so that he no longer has access to God as accuser (his formal role in the Old Testament). The fall of Satan at the coming of Jesus marks the separation of the New Testament from Judaism. In Luke 22:31 Jesus tells Peter that Satan has asked God for permission to "sift"

7380-479: The time of the Exodus and destroyed Sennacherib 's army. In Islam, Michael, or Mīkāʾīl, is the angel said to effectuate God's providence as well as natural phenomena, such as rain. He is one of the four archangels along with Jibril (Gabriel, whom he is often paired with), ʾIsrāfīl (trumpeter angel) and ʿAzrāʾīl (angel of death). Michael in Islam is tasked with providing nourishment for bodies and souls and

7470-548: The title Ἀρχαγγέλος (archangelos) being used of him in Jude 1:9. Into the sixth century, the view of Michael as a healer continued in Rome; after a plague, the sick slept at night in the church of Castel Sant'Angelo (dedicated to him for saving Rome), waiting for his manifestation. In the sixth century, the growth of devotions to Michael in the Western Church was expressed by the feasts dedicated to him, as recorded in

7560-602: The verse of Surah Al Imran 3:124 that Gabriel, Michael, Raphael and thousands of best angels from third level of sky, all came to the battle of Badr. Various hadith traditions linked to the Surah Al Imran 3:124 , has stated that those angels has taken form of Zubayr ibn al-Awwam , companion of Muhammad . In a version of a hadith by an-Nasāʾi , Muhammad is quoted as saying that Gabriel and Michael came to him, and when Gabriel had sat down at his right and Michael at his left, Gabriel told him to recite

7650-482: The year 70 CE. In that frieze, the menorah is shown resting upon a hexagonal base, which in turn rests upon a slightly larger but concentric and identically shaped base; a stepwise appearance on all sides is thus produced. Each facet of the hexagonal base was made with two vertical stiles and two horizontal rails, a top rail and a bottom rail, resembling a protruding frame set against a sunken panel. These panels have some relief design set or sculpted within them. In 2009,

7740-423: Was depicted on tomb walls, synagogue floors, sculptures and reliefs, as well as glass and metal objects. The menorah has been also used since then to distinguish synagogues and Jewish cemeteries from the places of worship and cemeteries of Christians and pagans . The symbol has also been found in several archaeological artifacts from ancient Samaritan , Christian and Islamic communities. The Hanukkah menorah ,

7830-604: Was not to be worshipped. Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints believe that Michael is Adam , the Ancient of Days (Dan. 7), a prince, and the patriarch of the human family. They also hold that Michael assisted Jehovah (the pre-mortal form of Jesus ) in the creation of the world under the direction of God the Father ( Elohim ); under the direction of the Father, Michael also cast Satan out of heaven. According to rabbinic tradition , Michael acted as

7920-571: Was put as into the others. Although all the other lights were extinguished, that light continued burning oil, in spite of the fact that it had been kindled first. This miracle, according to the Talmud, was taken as a sign that the Shechinah rested among Israel. It was called the ner hama'aravi (Western lamp) because of the direction of its wick. This lamp was also referred to as the ner Elohim (lamp of God), mentioned in I Samuel 3:3. According to

8010-517: Was the Logos and Gabriel the Holy Spirit . Controversy over Clayton's views led the government to order his prosecution, but he died before his scheduled examination. The Lutheran Churches of St. Michael's Church, Hamburg and St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim are named for Michael. In Bach 's time, the annual feast of Michael and All the Angels on 29 September was regularly celebrated with

8100-524: Was the "one that had escaped" (Genesis 14:13 ), who told Abraham that Lot had been taken captive (Midrash Pirke R. El.), and who protected Sarah from defilement by Abimelech. Michael prevented Isaac from sacrifice by his father by substituting a ram in his place. He saved Jacob , while yet in his mother's womb, from death by Samael. He later prevented Laban from harming Jacob.( Pirke De-Rabbi Eliezer , xxxvi). The midrash Exodus Rabbah holds that Michael exercised his function of advocate of Israel at

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