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102-516: SFCC's Higher Education Center offers televised and online connections to bachelor and masters programs at the University of New Mexico , New Mexico Highlands University and the Institute of American Indian Art . The Santa Fe Community College Campus occupies 366 acres (1.48 km) of land, about 12 miles (19 km) southwest of Santa Fe city center. The Santa Fe Community College District

204-571: A 430-home microgrid deployed in Les Anglais investigated how to distinguish NTL from the total power losses, aiding in energy theft detection. The Mpeketoni Electricity Project, a community-based diesel-powered micro-grid system, was set up in rural Kenya near Mpeketoni. Due to the installment of these microgrids, Mpeketoni has seen a large growth in its infrastructure. Such growth includes increased productivity per worker, at values of 100% to 200%, and an income level increase of 20–70% depending on

306-551: A California junior college to the office of the UNM registrar. Subsequent investigation turned up a manufactured college seal from Mercer County Community College in New Jersey, along with blank transcripts and records of previous forgery. Further investigation uncovered alleged incentives like cars and apartments doled out to prime players and exposed a vast network of sports gambling. The scandal forced Ellenberger to resign and defined

408-549: A Campus Microgrid by 2019. 35°36′19″N 105°59′52″W  /  35.6053°N 105.9979°W  / 35.6053; -105.9979 University of New Mexico The University of New Mexico ( UNM ; Spanish : Universidad de Nuevo México ) is a public research university in Albuquerque, New Mexico . Founded in 1889 by the New Mexico Territorial Legislature , it is

510-430: A bidirectional converter, allowing power to flow in both directions between the two buses. A microgrid presents various types of generation sources that feed electricity, heating, and cooling to the user. These sources are divided into two major groups – thermal energy sources (e.g.,. natural gas or biogas generators or micro combined heat and power ) and renewable generation sources (e.g. wind turbines and solar). In

612-695: A bond measure, $ 12 million of which was earmarked to fund the construction of a facility for the HEC. In March 2011, the New Mexico Legislature passed House Joint Memorial 9, authorizing the state's General Services Department to sell to the college a tract of land for the center's building site. In July 2011, the Higher Education Department approved the land purchase, and the sale was finalized in September 2011. A pilot of

714-599: A building, campus, or community when not connected to the electric grid, e.g. in the event of a disaster." A microgrid that can be disconnected from the utility grid (at the 'point of common coupling' or PCC) is called an 'islandable microgrid'. An EU research project describes a microgrid as comprising Low-Voltage (LV) distribution systems with distributed energy resources (DERs) ( microturbines , fuel cells , photovoltaics (PV), etc.), storage devices ( batteries , flywheels ) energy storage system and flexible loads. Such systems can operate either connected or disconnected from

816-493: A health and sciences building, which was begun in 2009, as well as a trades and technology center, which was opened in 2011. In March 2014 the college settled with fired president Ana M. (Cha) Guzmán for $ 500,000 for wrongful dismissal. In July 2019, the college hired Dr. Becky Rowley as its ninth president. Dr. Rowley worked as president of Clovis Community College in Clovis, New Mexico since 2011. Prior to becoming president, she

918-450: A major centralized energy source is too far and costly to operate. They offer an option for rural electrification in remote areas and on smaller geographical islands. A stand-alone microgrid can effectively integrate various sources of distributed generation (DG), especially renewable energy sources (RES). Control and protection are difficulties to microgrids, as all ancillary services for system stabilization must be generated within

1020-420: A microgrid as ‘‘a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources within clearly defined electrical boundaries that acts as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid. A microgrid can connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in both grid-connected or island-mode.’’ The Berkeley Lab defines: "A microgrid consists of energy generation and energy storage that can power

1122-402: A microgrid using machine learning techniques such as deep reinforcement learning . In case of emergencies such as blackouts, tertiary control can manage a group of interconnected microgrids to form what is called "microgrid clustering", acting as a virtual power plant to continue supplying critical loads. During these situations the central controller should select one of the microgrids to be

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1224-470: A microgrid, consumption simply refers to elements that consume electricity, heat, and cooling, which range from single devices to the lighting and heating systems of buildings, commercial centers, etc. In the case of controllable loads, electricity consumption can be modified according to the demands of the network. In a microgrid, energy storage performs multiple functions, such as ensuring power quality, performing frequency and voltage regulation, smoothing

1326-567: A national grid or 'macrogrid', a process that requires technical, regulatory and legal planning. Large remote areas may be supplied by several independent microgrids, each with a different owner (operator). Although such microgrids are traditionally designed to be energy self-sufficient, intermittent renewable sources and their unexpected and sharp variations can cause unexpected power shortfall or excessive generation in those microgrids. Without energy storage and smart controls, this will immediately cause unacceptable voltage or frequency deviation in

1428-426: A peaceful sit-in protest near Kirtland Air Force Base led to the arrest of thirty-five people and was pushed back to UNM, leading to eight more arrests. The following day, tear gas was used against hundreds of demonstrators on campus and the situation continued to deteriorate, leading the university to declare a state of emergency. New programs and schools were created in the 1970s and the university gained control over

1530-404: A permanent facility in 1984, funded by a 5 million dollar bond and donations. A fitness building was added in 1993, a technology and occupation lab was added in 1995, an early childhood development center in 1996, and a fine arts center in 1999. In 2001 an instructional technology center was added, while in 2005 a sustainability program was begun. in 2007 a bond for $ 25 million funded the addition of

1632-634: A possibly excessive number of higher education options in New Mexico. In May 2012, attorneys for Santa Fe Community College filed a legal action in district court requesting an order to force the New Mexico Higher Education Department (HED) to grant a hearing to review construction plans for the center. The Higher Education Center opened in January, 2015. The college, in collaboration with Siemens, has established

1734-497: A shortage in the host grid, faults in the local grid, or for economical reasons. By means of modifying energy flow through microgrid components, microgrids facilitate the integration of renewable energy, such as photovoltaic, wind and fuel cell generations, without requiring re-design of the national distribution system. Modern optimization methods can also be incorporated into the microgrid energy management system to improve efficiency, economics, and resiliency. Microgrids, and

1836-439: A single controllable entity and is able to operate in either grid-connected or island mode . Microgrid Knowledge defines a microgrid as a "self-sufficient energy system that serves a discrete geographic footprint, such as a college campus, hospital complex, business center or neighborhood." A stand-alone microgrid or isolated microgrid, sometimes called an "island grid", only operates off-the-grid and cannot be connected to

1938-436: A smaller energy storage device does not discharge faster than those with larger capacities. Likewise, it is preferred that a smaller storage device does not get fully charged before those with larger capacities. This can be achieved under a coordinated control of energy storage devices based on their state of charge. If multiple energy storage systems (possibly working on different technologies) are used and they are controlled by

2040-429: A three‑tier analysis beginning with settlement archetypes (case‑studied using Bolivia ). In regards to the architecture of microgrid control, or any control problem, there are two different approaches that can be identified: centralized and decentralized. A fully centralized control relies on a large amount of information transmittance between involving units before a decision is made at a single point. Implementation

2142-472: A unique supervising unit (an energy management system - EMS), a hierarchical control based on a master/slaves architecture can ensure best operations, particularly in the islanded mode. This is the point in the electric circuit where a microgrid is connected to a main grid. Microgrids that do not have a PCC are called isolated microgrids which are usually present in remote sites (e.g., remote communities or remote industrial sites) where an interconnection with

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2244-421: A wider electric power system. They are usually designed for geographical islands or for rural electrification. In many non-industrialized countries, microgrids that are used to provide access to electricity in previously unelectrified areas are often referred to as " mini grids ". Nanogrids belong to a single home or building and the interconnection of multiple nanogrids forming a network (microgrid), facilitating

2346-495: Is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities - very high research activity". According to the National Science Foundation , it spent over $ 243 million on research and development in 2021, ranking 103rd in the U.S. UNM is classified as a Hispanic-Serving Institution (HSI) by the U.S. Department of Education , with nearly half its students being Hispanic. UNM's 16 varsity sports programs, known as

2448-417: Is able to operate in grid-connected and in island mode . A ' stand-alone microgrid ' or ' isolated microgrid ' only operates off-the-grid and cannot be connected to a wider electric power system. Very small microgrids are called nanogrids. A grid-connected microgrid normally operates connected to and synchronous with the traditional wide area synchronous grid (macrogrid), but is able to disconnect from

2550-444: Is built in areas that are far distant from any transmission and distribution infrastructure and, therefore, have no connection to the utility grid. Studies have demonstrated that operating a remote area or islands' off-grid microgrids, that are dominated by renewable sources, will reduce the levelized cost of electricity production over the life of such microgrid projects. In some cases, off-grid microgrids are indeed incorporated into

2652-536: Is deployed in rural Les Anglais , Haiti. The system consists of a three-tiered architecture with a cloud-based monitoring and control service, a local embedded gateway infrastructure and a mesh network of wireless smart meters deployed at over 500 buildings. Non-technical loss (NTL) represents a major challenge when providing reliable electrical service in developing countries, where it often accounts for 11-15% of total generation capacity. An extensive data-driven simulation on seventy-two days of wireless meter data from

2754-411: Is designed to satisfy the following requirements: The primary control provides the setpoints for a lower controller which are the voltage and current control loops of DERs. These inner control loops are commonly referred to as zero-level control. Secondary control has typically seconds to minutes sampling time (i.e. slower than the previous one) which justifies the decoupled dynamics of the primary and

2856-484: Is difficult since interconnected power systems usually cover extended geographic locations and involve an enormous number of units. On the other hand, in a fully decentralized control, each unit is controlled by its local controller without knowing the situation of others. A compromise between those two extreme control schemes can be achieved by means of a hierarchical control scheme consisting of three control levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary. The primary control

2958-567: Is famous for its venue, The Pit . It may be best known as the site of the 1983 NCAA basketball championship, in which North Carolina State University , coached by Jim Valvano , upset the University of Houston . The UNM women's basketball team has won the Mountain West championship for four of the past five years, and have gone to the NCAA Tournament for the past six consecutive years. The UNM women's cross-country team won

3060-535: Is identical to the Santa Fe Public School District, which covers most of Santa Fe County and includes the outlying areas of Glorieta , Madrid , Cerrillos , Lamy , La Cienega , Galisteo and Tesuque . SFCC campus has made a number of ecological improvements, such as a biomass boiler for heating, LEED Gold certification for two buildings, and treated grey water irrigation for most landscaping and recreation areas. In early 1983,

3162-467: Is located on 800 acres (3.2 km ) in Albuquerque on the heights a mile east of Downtown Albuquerque. It is split in three parts – central, north, and south. The central campus is situated between Central Avenue on the south, Girard Boulevard on the east, Lomas Boulevard on the north, and University Boulevard on the west, and is home to the main academic university. The North Campus, which includes

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3264-456: Is now common to see remote off-grid microgrids being largely powered by renewable energy and operated with customer-level smart controls, something that is not always easy to implement in the larger power sector because of incumbent interests and older, pre-existing infrastructure. These microgrids are being actively deployed with focus on both physical and cyber security for military facilities in order to assure reliable power without relying on

3366-510: Is the Solar Alone Multi-objective Advisor (SAMA), an open-source microgrid optimization software program designed to optimize hybrid energy system sizes economically (primarily powered with solar photovoltaic systems ) using metaheuristic algorithms based on specific load profiles and meteorological data. Another is HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Model for Multiple Energy Resources), originally developed by

3468-547: Is the graduate student government of UNM, led by an elected president and a representative council from the different schools of study on campus since 1969. The University of New Mexico is home to several fraternities and sororities; on-campus sources claim that around 5% of the UNM student body is involved in Greek life. UNM owns and operates KUNM-FM , one of two National Public Radio stations in Albuquerque. In 2008, KUNM-FM won 16 Associated Press awards, including Station of

3570-459: Is the last (and the slowest) control level, which considers economical concerns in the optimal operation of the microgrid (sampling time is from minutes to hours), and manages the power flow between microgrid and main grid. This level often involves the prediction of weather, grid tariff, and loads in the next hours or day to design a generator dispatch plan that achieves economic savings. More advanced techniques can also provide end to end control of

3672-478: Is the popular Frontier Restaurant , a late-night eatery located across Central Avenue from main campus and a popular meeting spot for students. The Duck Pond is a popular relaxation spot for students and local residents, particularly in the warmer months. There are over 400 student-run organizations on campus, which include academic, athletic, ethnic, honorary, political, religious, and service groups, as well as fraternities and sororities. The Associated Students of

3774-605: The Estufa , was constructed, and the Victorian-style Hodgin Hall was plastered over to create a monument to Pueblo Indian culture. However, Tight was vilified for his primitivism and was removed from office for political reasons, though history would vindicate him as the Pueblo Revival style became the dominant architectural style on campus. Under David Ross Boyd , the university's fifth president,

3876-643: The Graduate Record Examinations test to provide the school with a measurement of how well it was educating its students. The university started the Law School and School of Business Administration during his tenure. In 1947, Wernette came into conflict with the Board of Regents over the hiring of two faculty members he thought were unqualified. His contract was not renewed by the Board

3978-595: The Lobos , compete in NCAA Division I ( FBS for football ) and are members of the Mountain West Conference ; the school has won national championships in skiing and cross country running. UNM's official colors are cherry and silver. The school has approximately 200,000 alumni worldwide. The University of New Mexico was founded on February 28, 1889, with the passage of House Bill No. 186 by

4080-452: The NCAA championship in 2015 and 2017. Lobo Ednah Kurgat also won the individual title in 2017, and UNM's Weini Kelati won in 2019. The Lobo football team plays at University Stadium which is located across the street from The Pit. The team has been to six bowl games since 1997 after a 35-year bowl drought. Placekicker Katie Hnida made history in the 2003 Las Vegas Bowl when she became

4182-778: The National Renewable Energy Laboratory . There are also some power flow and electrical design tools guiding microgrid developers. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory designed the publicly available GridLAB-D tool and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) designed OpenDSS. A European tool that can be used for electrical, cooling, heating, and process heat demand simulation is EnergyPLAN from Aalborg University in Denmark. The open source grid planning tool OnSSET has been deployed to investigate microgrids using

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4284-693: The Rio Grande Rivalry , a competitive series based on points awarded to the winners of head-to-head competitions between the two universities in every sport. A rotating trophy is granted to the winning university for a period of one year, until the award presentation the following year. The rivalry is celebrated at UNM by the Red Rally, a large bonfire that takes place the Thursday before the UNM-NMSU football game. The Lobo men's basketball team

4386-789: The macrogrid . These types of microgrids are maturing quickly in North America and eastern Asia; however, the lack of well-known standards for these types of microgrids limits them globally. Main reasons for the installation of an industrial microgrid are power supply security and its reliability. There are many manufacturing processes in which an interruption of the power supply may cause high revenue losses and long start-up time. Industrial microgrids can be designed to supply circular economy (near-)zero-emission industrial processes, and can integrate combined heat and power (CHP) generation, being fed by both renewable sources and waste processing; energy storage can be additionally used to optimize

4488-638: The AC variable frequency and voltage to AC waveform with another frequency at another voltage. Whilst power sources with DC output use DC/AC converters for the connection to the AC bus. In DC microgrid topology, power sources with DC output are connected to DC bus directly or by DC/DC converters. On the other hand, power sources with AC output are connected to the DC bus through AC/DC converter. The hybrid microgrid has topology for both power source AC and DC output. In addition, AC and DC buses are connected to each other through

4590-696: The Art Annex and Sara Reynolds Hall. The Estufa , one of the first Pueblo Revival style structures in the country and the first on campus, is also on the list. Other structures on the registry are Carlisle Gymnasium , Jonson Gallery, Scholes Hall, and the University House. The central campus is home to four museums: the Maxwell Museum of Anthropology in the anthropology building, the Silver Family Geology Museum and

4692-865: The Directed Energy Center at UNM became established hrough a cooperative agreement with the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). On 22nd April of 2024, UNM students joined other campuses across the United States in protests and establishing encampments against the Israel–Hamas war and the genocide of Palestinians in Gaza. There was support from faculty for the protests, and Jewish participants celebrated Passover . However police were called in and made arrests, which led to injuries to students. UNM's main campus

4794-727: The HEC, Santa Fe residents can earn bachelor's or master's degrees from the University of New Mexico, located in Albuquerque; NM Highlands University, located in Las Vegas, NM; and the Institute of American Indian Art, located in Santa Fe, by attending online and instructional TV classes at Santa Fe Community College. They have coordinated existing resources from their institutions and have agreed to allow students to take basic coursework through SFCC before completing higher degrees through

4896-543: The HEC. About 500 students are enrolled in the program. In 2009, Santa Fe Community College submitted a proposal to the NM Higher Education Department to establish a Higher Education Center (HEC) after a survey showed that a majority of local residents questioned would seek a higher degree if it were located in the city. The Higher Education Department approved the proposal and the HEC was formally established. In 2010, SFCC District voters approved

4998-536: The Legislative Assembly of the Territory of New Mexico , which stipulated that: Said institution is hereby located at or near the town of Albuquerque, in the county of Bernalillo within two miles north of railroad avenue in said town, upon a tract of good high and dry land, of not less than twenty acres suitable for the purposes of such institution. The act also provided that UNM was "intended to be

5100-518: The Lobos finished the regular season 8–4 and were invited to the New Mexico Bowl for the second straight season. The Lobos shut out the favored Nevada Wolf Pack 23–0 to win their first bowl game since the 1961 Aviation Bowl . The main university campus is located in the lower Heights of Albuquerque just east of Downtown Albuquerque and is the focal point for the neighborhoods surrounding it;

5202-402: The Lobos, who compete in the Mountain West Conference . Two human mascots, referred to as Louie Lobo and Lucy Lobo , rouse crowds at New Mexico athletic events. The official school colors are cherry and silver. The Lobos have won national championships in skiing and cross country running. UNM maintains strong athletic rivalries with New Mexico State University . The UNM-NMSU rivalry is called

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5304-835: The Meteorite Museum which are located in Northrop Hall, the Museum of Southwestern Biology in the CERIA building, and the University Art Museum in the Center for the Arts. In an effort to promote sustainability and lessen the environmental impact of the campus, UNM has been reducing the campus energy usage through monitoring and retrofitting cooling, heating, water, and lighting technologies. Due to these efforts,

5406-660: The New Mexico State Legislature approved a bill to provide 1.5 million dollars to fund the creation of a community college in Santa Fe. In September the program began offering classes in temporary facilities at several sites around town, including the New Mexico School for the Deaf , Santa Fe High School , the Institute of American Indian Arts and the College of Santa Fe . Construction began on

5508-839: The Technology and Education Center are the only LEED-certified buildings on campus, with a Gold and Platinum rating respectively. Several other buildings are currently registered for LEED status. The primary UNM library units are the Health Sciences Library and Informatics Center, the Law Library, and the University Libraries, which consists of: The University of New Mexico offers more than 215 degree and certificate programs, including 94 baccalaureate , 71 masters and 37 doctoral degrees, through 12 colleges and schools: In its list of "Best Colleges" in

5610-417: The U.S. for 2022, U.S. News & World Report ranked UNM as tied for 212th among national universities, tied for 107th among public universities, and tied at 90th for "Top Performers on Social Mobility". Several graduate programs are highly ranked nationally, including family medicine (7th), graduate clinical training (8th), nuclear engineering (14th), and primary care (16th); among the graduate programs in

5712-524: The University of New Mexico (ASUNM) is the undergraduate student government of UNM, with an elected student body president, vice-president, student court, and 20 senators. Senators are elected to two-semester terms. There are two elections each school year; in each, 10 senators are elected. Many candidates run in slates. There are different agencies within ASUNM, such as Lobo Spirit and Community Experience. The Graduate and Professional Student Association (GPSA)

5814-529: The Year. UNM also owns and operates the University of New Mexico Press, its publishing arm established in 1929. With Albuquerque Public Schools , UNM also operates New Mexico PBS , Albuquerque's public television station which currently broadcasts in High Definition Digital on two channels, English and Spanish. The Daily Lobo is UNM's student-run daily newspaper and is a publication serving

5916-577: The buildings designed by former university architect John Gaw Meem , who is credited with imbuing the campus with its distinctive Southwestern feel. The central campus is also home to the University of New Mexico Arboretum , which contains some 320 species of woody plants. Eight university buildings are listed separately on the National Register of Historic Places , including Hodgin Hall, the university's first building, and two adjacent structures,

6018-484: The campus was enlarged from 20 to 300 acres (1.2 km ) and a 200,000-acre (810 km ) federal land grant was made to the university. In 1922, the university was accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools . During this time, more facilities were constructed for the university, but it was under the tenure of James F. Zimmerman , the university's seventh president, that

6120-423: The conversion of many streets to pedestrian malls in order to make a more pedestrian-friendly campus. At the end of the decade, the university was implicated in a recruiting scandal dubbed "Lobogate" by the press. An FBI wiretap on the phone of a prominent Lobo booster recorded a conversation in which basketball head coach Norm Ellenberger arranged with assistant coach Manny Goldstein to transfer bogus credits from

6222-550: The country. In the first decade of the 2000s, major expansion began on medical facilities on North Campus. The current visitor center, a new engineering center, and George Pearl Hall were constructed. Renovations and expansions were undertaken on several buildings on Main Campus, along with the creation of a branch campus in Rio Rancho . This wave of construction is continuing at present with more projects ongoing. In 2016, UNM

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6324-685: The current student union building, the College of Education complex, the business center, the engineering complex, the Fine Arts Center, the Student Health Center, University Stadium, University Arena (now officially known by its nickname of The Pit), and North Campus. This period also saw the foundation of UNM's branch facilities in Los Alamos and Gallup and the acquisition of the D.H. Lawrence Ranch north of Taos. During

6426-620: The early 1970s, two sit-in protests at UNM led to a response from law enforcement officers. On May 5, 1970, protestors against the Vietnam War and the Kent State massacre occupied the Student Union Building. The National Guard was ordered to sweep the building and arrest those inside; eleven students and journalists were bayonetted when those outside did not hear the order to disperse given inside. On May 10, 1972,

6528-744: The effort, paying for signs and stickers around campus as well as a PSA shown during orientation. Into the 21st century, UNM has become a major contributor to New Mexico's burgeoning bioscience sector : The university's health sciences and biomedical engineering programs have helped launch 39 health-related startups since 2013, as well as 40 tech startups during the same period. Bioscience ventures accounted for 17 of 29 companies, or 58%, that formed from UNM-based research and technology between 2019 and 2022. The school has launched several programs and initiatives aimed at fostering more technology startups, often in collaboration with local, state, and federal agencies as well as other southwestern universities. In 2021,

6630-467: The energy provided by the solar panels and stored in the battery and hot water heaters to the system of 23 houses. The smart grid software dynamically updates energy supply and demand in 5-minute intervals, deciding whether to pull energy from the battery or from the panels and when to store it in the hot water heaters. This pilot program was the first such project in France. A wirelessly managed microgrid

6732-514: The expense of control via off-the-shelf products (e.g. using a Raspberry Pi). The UNDP project “Enhanced Rural Resilience in Yemen” (ERRY) uses community-owned solar microgrids. It cuts energy costs to just 2 cents per hour (whereas diesel-generated electricity costs 42 cents per hour). It won the Ashden Awards for Humanitarian Energy in 2020. A two-year pilot program, called Harmon’Yeu,

6834-440: The first woman to play in an NCAA Division I-A game, attempting but missing an extra point in the Lobos's 27–13 loss to UCLA . She later attempted and made two extra points in UNM's 72–8 victory over Texas State . New Mexico also lost its 2003 and 2004 bowl games, making its record in bowl games 2–8–1. The football team went to the first year of the New Mexico Bowl in 2006 and lost to San Jose State University 20–12. In 2007,

6936-477: The following year the university's first building, Hodgin Hall , opened. The third president of UNM, William G. Tight , who served from 1901 to 1909, introduced many programs for students and faculty, including the first fraternity and sorority . Tight introduced the Pueblo Revival architecture for which the campus has become known. During Tight's term, the first Pueblo Revival style building on campus,

7038-537: The following year. Thomas L. Popejoy was appointed in 1948 as Wernette's successor, being the first native New Mexican to serve as university president. Holding his position for the next twenty years, Popejoy presided over a period major growth for the university. During this time, enrollment jumped from nearly 5,000 to more than 14,000; new programs such as medicine, nursing, dental, and law were founded; and numerous new facilities were constructed, including Mesa Vista Hall, Mitchell Hall, Johnson Gymnasium, new dormitories,

7140-531: The hospital on North Campus. New facilities for the medical and law schools were constructed on North Campus and new Main Campus buildings were constructed on the site of the now demolished Zimmerman Field , including Ortega Hall, Woodward Hall, the Humanities building, and the Art building. The campus also underwent a new landscaping plan, which included the construction of the duck pond west of Zimmerman Library and

7242-511: The integration of distributed energy resource (DER) units in general, introduce a number of operational challenges that need to be addressed in the design of control and protection systems, in order to ensure that the present levels of reliability are not significantly affected, and the potential benefits of Distributed Generation (DG) units are fully harnessed. Some of these challenges arise from assumptions typically applied to conventional distribution systems that are no longer valid, while others are

7344-498: The interconnected grid and to function autonomously in "island mode" as technical or economic conditions dictate. In this way, they improve the security of supply within the microgrid cell, and can supply emergency power, changing between island and connected modes. This kind of grids are called ' islandable microgrids' . A stand-alone microgrid has its own sources of electricity , supplemented with an energy storage system . They are used where power transmission and distribution from

7446-437: The main grid is not feasible due to either technical or economic constraints. A microgrid is capable of operating in grid-connected and stand-alone modes and of handling the transition between the two. In the grid-connected mode, ancillary services can be provided by trading activity between the microgrid and the main grid. Other possible revenue streams exist. In the islanded mode, the real and reactive power generated within

7548-482: The main grid. The operation of microsources in the network can provide benefits to the overall system performance, if managed and coordinated efficiently. Electropedia defines a microgrid as a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources with defined electrical boundaries, which form a local electric power system at distribution voltage levels, meaning both low and medium voltage up to 35 kV. This cluster of associated consumer and producer nodes acts as

7650-465: The medical, nursing, pharmacological, and law schools as well as the University of New Mexico Hospital , is located on the north side of Lomas across from the central campus. The South campus is located a mile south of the central campus, centered around the intersection of University Boulevard and Avenida César Chavez, and includes most of UNM's athletic facilities. The central campus is noted for its unique Pueblo Revival architectural style, with many of

7752-408: The metro area. Atrisco Heritage Academy HS , Kirtland Air Force Base , and National Museum of Nuclear Science & History are adjacent to but outside of the city limits. Rio Grande HS and Sandia Peak Tramway are near but not in the city limits. Microgrid A microgrid is a local electrical grid with defined electrical boundaries, acting as a single and controllable entity. It

7854-504: The microgrid and low short-circuit levels can be challenging for selective operation of the protection systems. An important feature is also to provide multiple useful energy needs, such as heating and cooling besides electricity, since this allows energy carrier substitution and increased energy efficiency due to waste heat utilization for heating, domestic hot water, and cooling purposes (cross sectoral energy usage). The United States Department of Energy Microgrid Exchange Group defines

7956-682: The microgrid, including that provided by the energy storage system, should be in balance with the demand of local loads. Microgrids offer an option to balance the need to reduce carbon emissions with continuing to provide reliable electric energy in periods of time when renewable sources of power are not available. Microgrids also offer the security of being hardened from severe weather and natural disasters by not having large assets and miles of above-ground wires and other electric infrastructure that need to be maintained or repaired following such events. A microgrid may transition between these two modes because of scheduled maintenance, degraded power quality or

8058-408: The microgrids. To remedy such situations, it is possible to interconnect such microgrids provisionally to a suitable neighboring microgrid to exchange power and improve the voltage and frequency deviations. This can be achieved through a power electronics-based switch after a proper synchronization or a back to back connection of two power electronic converters and after confirming the stability of

8160-523: The neighborhoods to the immediate south and west are home to a large population of students. However, the vast majority of UNM's student population live off-campus around the Albuquerque metropolitan area, with only just over 2,000 living in on-campus housing. The Student Union Building (SUB) is a major activity center for students on-campus, with a food court, a movie theater, event facilities, student government and organization offices, student services, and recreation areas. Another major hotspot for students

8262-420: The new system. The determination of a need to interconnect neighboring microgrids and finding the suitable microgrid to couple with can be achieved through optimization or decision making approaches. Because remote off-grid microgrids are often small and built from scratch, they have the potential to incorporate best practices from the global electricity sector and to incorporate and drive energy innovation. It

8364-450: The operations of these sub-systems. Microgrids can also be anchored by a large commercial retailer with a large quantity of generation for resiliency or economic reasons. Architectures are needed to manage the flow of energy from different types of sources into the electrical grid. Thus, the microgrid can be classified into three topologies: Power sources with AC output are interfaced to AC bus through AC/AC converter which will transform

8466-428: The output of renewable energy sources, providing backup power for the system, and playing a crucial role in cost optimization. Energy storage may be achieved by a combination of chemical, electrical, pressure, gravitational, flywheel, and heat storage technologies. When multiple energy storage devices with various capacities are available in a microgrid, it is preferred to coordinate their charging and discharging such that

8568-708: The program began in August 2011 on the Santa Fe Community College campus. In November 2011, the college learned that the administration of Governor Susana Martinez , who was elected in November 2010, was of the opinion that the college had to gain further approval from the Legislature before the Higher Education Department would review construction plans for the center. A primary source of criticism has been concerns over long-term funding, as well as

8670-640: The result of stability issues formerly observed only at a transmission system level. The most relevant challenges in microgrid protection and control include: To plan and install microgrids correctly, engineering modelling is needed. Multiple simulation tools and optimization tools exist to model the economic and electric effects of microgrids. A widely used economic optimization tool is the Distributed Energy Resources Customer Adoption Model (DER-CAM) from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory . Another free tool

8772-470: The same community. The community microgrid may also have a centralized or several distributed energy storages. Such microgrids can be in the form of an ac and dc microgrid coupled together through a bi-directional power electronic converter. These microgrids are generally not designed or intended to connect to the macrogrid and instead operate in an island mode at all times because of economic issues or geographical position. Typically, an "off-grid" microgrid

8874-530: The school received 12,181 freshmen applications, of which 5,973 were admitted (49.0%) and 2,594 enrolled. The average GPA of enrolled freshmen was 3.44, while the middle 50% range of SAT composite scores were 1000–1290, 520–640 for evidence-based reading and writing, and 520–630 for math. The middle 50% range of the ACT Composite score was 19–25. UNM's NCAA Division I program ( FBS for football ) offers 18 varsity sports. The teams are known as

8976-461: The secondary control loops and facilitates their individual designs. The setpoint of primary control is given by secondary control in which, as a centralized controller, it restores the microgrid voltage and frequency and compensates for the deviations caused by variations of loads or renewable sources. The secondary control can also be designed to satisfy the power quality requirements, e.g., voltage balancing at critical buses. Tertiary control

9078-509: The sharing of power between individual nanogrids. The focus of campus microgrids is aggregating existing on-site generation to support multiple loads located in a tight geographical area where an owner can easily manage them. Community microgrids can serve thousands of customers and support the penetration of local energy (electricity, heating, and cooling). In a community microgrid, some houses may have some renewable sources that can supply their demand as well as that of their neighbors within

9180-1064: The slack (i.e. master) and the rest as PV and load buses according to a predefined algorithm and the existing conditions of the system (i.e. demand and generation). In this case, the control should be real time or at least at a high sampling rate. A less utility-influenced controller framework is that from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers , the IEEE 2030.7. The concept relies on 4 blocks: a) Device level control (e.g. voltage and frequency control), b) Local area control (e.g. data communication), c) Supervisory (software) control (e.g. forward looking dispatch optimization of generation and load resources), and d) Grid layers (e.g. communication with utility). A wide variety of complex control algorithms exist, making it difficult for small microgrids and residential distributed energy resource (DER) users to implement energy management and control systems. Communication upgrades and data information systems can be expensive. Some projects try to simplify and reduce

9282-457: The state University when New Mexico shall [be] admitted as a state into the Union". Bernard Shandon Rodey , a judge of the territory of New Mexico, pushed for Albuquerque as the location of the university and was one of the authors of the statute that created UNM, earning him the title of "Father of the University". Two years later, Elias S. Stover became the first president of the University and

9384-709: The state's second oldest university, a flagship university in the state, and the largest by enrollment, with 22,630 students in 2023. UNM comprises twelve colleges and schools, including a medical school and the only law school in New Mexico. It offers 215 degree and certificate programs, including 94 baccalaureate , 71 master , and 37 doctoral degree programs. The main campus spans 800 acres (320 ha) in central Albuquerque, with branch campuses in Gallup , Los Alamos , Rio Rancho , Taos , and Los Lunas . 35°05′02″N 106°37′07″W  /  35.08389°N 106.61861°W  / 35.08389; -106.61861 UNM

9486-461: The term of William E. Davis , UNM's eleventh president. The university has continued to grow, with expanding enrollment and new facilities. In the 1980s, dramatic expansion occurred at the medical center, business school, and engineering school. The Centennial Library was also constructed. During the 1990s, an Honors College was founded, and the university completed construction of a new bookstore and Dane Smith Hall. The Research Park at South Campus

9588-470: The top 100 nationwide are electrical engineering (63), computer engineering (69), chemical engineering (77), and physics (77). UNM ranks 8th in the "Military Friendly" rating, which denotes institutions that excel in accommodating, aiding, and retaining students who are military veterans. Undergraduate admission to UNM is rated "selective" by U.S. News & World Report , with an acceptance rate of 65% according to The Princeton Review . For Fall 2019,

9690-529: The university underwent its first major expansion. Under Zimmerman, many new buildings were constructed, student enrollment increased, new departments were added, and greater support was generated for scientific research. Among the new buildings constructed were Zimmerman Library , Scholes Hall , the first student union building (now the anthropology complex), the university's first gymnasium and its first stadium . John Gaw Meem , an architect based in Santa Fe ,

9792-530: The university's faculty, programs, and services. He instituted an eighteen-point program of procedures for the selection of new faculty and appointed a committee to ensure better teaching candidates for faculty members. He also developed a program for faculty advancement. Offices of the General Placement Bureau, Veterans Assistance, and Testing and Counseling Services were formed to assist students and Wernette required all seniors in 1946 to take

9894-588: The university's grade on the College Sustainability Report Card 2009 improved from a "C" to a "B" according to the Sustainable Endowments Institute. Since 2008, following an executive order that all new state buildings over 15,000 sq ft (1,400 m ) must meet LEED silver at minimum, all new construction on campus has been registered for LEED status. So far, an expansion of Castetter Hall and

9996-460: Was also expanded. By this point, the university had one of the largest student and faculty populations of Hispanics and Native Americans in the country. A study released in 1995 showed that the number of full-time Hispanic faculty at UNM was four times greater than the national average and the number of Native American teachers five times greater. The schools of law and business had some of the largest Hispanic student populations of any university in

10098-565: Was contracted to design many of the buildings constructed during this period and is credited with imbuing the campus with its distinctive Pueblo Revival style. During World War II , UNM was one of 131 U.S. colleges and universities that took part in the V-12 Navy College Training Program , which offered students a path to a Navy commission. In 1945, the university hired John Philip Wernette to be its eighth president. Upon arrival, Wernette focused on improving

10200-428: Was executive vice president (academics and student services) at CCC. Before moving into administration, she taught English as a fulltime faculty member at Clovis Community College for seven years. The Santa Fe Higher Education Center was developed after a needs assessment survey showed that Santa Fe residents were interested in pursuing a bachelor's or master's degree but were concerned about cost and commuting. Through

10302-521: Was initiated in the spring of 2020 to interconnect 23 houses in the Ker Pissot neighborhood and surrounding areas with a microgrid that was automated as a smart grid with software from Engie . Sixty-four solar panels with a peak capacity of 23.7 kW were installed on five houses and a battery with a storage capacity of 15 kWh was installed on one house. Six houses store excess solar energy in their hot water heaters. A dynamic system apportions

10404-533: Was the first university in the country to launch a Signature School Program with the Central Intelligence Agency , which enables students to interact with analysts and learn how to join the CIA once they graduate. In 2017, the campus became smoke and tobacco free, with the exception of a few designated smoking areas located near the residence halls. The New Mexico Department of Health assisted in

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