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43-824: Since its origins at the turn of the 12th century, Sassari has been ruled by the Giudicato of Torres , the Pisans , as an independent republic in alliance with Genoa , by the Aragonese and the Spanish , all of whom have contributed to Sassari's historical and artistic heritage. Sassari is a city rich in art, culture and history , and is well known for its palazzi , the Fountain of the Rosello , and its elegant neoclassical architecture , such as Piazza d'Italia (Italy Square) and

86-577: A lingua franca between the first Sardinians , Corsicans , Tuscans and Ligurian people, during the period of the maritime republics . The original Tuscan structure was influenced by the Sardinian Logudorese spoken in the area, with a strong influence that can be felt in its phonetics and vocabulary, and by Catalan and Spanish in vocabulary. Sassarese is spoken in Sassari and its immediate area by approximately 120,000 people out

129-523: A matrimonial alliance with Genoa, his choice for a brother-in-law fell on Brancaleone. The marriage took place in 1376, a political alliance only, for the Bas-Serra family of Eleanor was opposed to the royal pretensions of the House of Barcelona , to which Brancaleone was affiliated. Already at the time of his marriage, he had illegitimate children, Giannettino and Nicholas, by an anonymous woman. When Hugh

172-557: A period in which it may have been the most populous city in Sardinia. Further attempts made by Genoa to conquer the city failed. In 1391 it was conquered by Brancaleone Doria and Marianus V of Arborea , of the independent Sardinian Giudicato of Arborea , of which it became the last capital. However, in 1420, the city was sold along with the remaining territory for 100,000 florins to the Crown of Aragon, replaced by Spain after 1479 on

215-456: A portion of the ancient road that connected the Latin city of Turris Libisonis with Caralis . In the locality of Fiume Santo is also found a fossil site where an Oreopithecus bambolii , a prehistoric anthropomorphic primate, was discovered, dated at 8.5 million years. The origin of the city remains uncertain. Among the theses, according to folk tradition the first village was founded around

258-632: A total population of 175,000 inhabitants; it is also the language of the north-west of Sardinia, including Stintino , Sorso and Porto Torres ; in the mid-northern areas of Sardinia, its Castellanesi dialects of Castelsardo , Tergu and Sedini are more similar to the Gallurese . The city of Sassari has U.S.D. Latte Dolce , the Torres Calcio Femminile that won seven Serie A titles, eight Coppa Italia , seven Supercoppa Italiana and two Italy Women's Cup . The main football team

301-502: A wide karstic plateau that slopes gently down towards the Gulf of Asinara and the Nurra plain. The city is surrounded by a green belt of thousands of hectares of olive plantations , which from the 19th century have partly replaced the mixed woodlands of oak and other Mediterranean trees as well as the maquis shrubland . The thinly populated Nurra Plain, located to the west, occupies

344-477: Is S.E.F. Torres 1903 who won the two Serie C2 in 1986-87 and 1999-00. The club is also famous for lanching players like Gianfranco Zola , Pietro Paolo Virdis , Antonello Cuccureddu , Comunardo Niccolai , Theofilos Karasavvidis , Walter Mazzarri . Sassari has the main basketball team that Dinamo Sassari in the 2014–15 won Italian League , the club won also the Italian Cup in 2014 and 2015 and

387-487: The Giudicato of Arborea on the island of Sardinia in the late 14th century. He was a scion of the influential Doria family of the Republic of Genoa , the son of the elder Brancaleone and a woman named Giacomina. On 16 March 1357, he became a vassal of Peter IV of Aragon , the nominal King of Sardinia , to legitimate the possessions of his father on the island. When Hugh III of Arborea , Eleanor's brother, sought out

430-484: The Italian Communist Party . Sassari is also the birthplace of Domenico Alberto Azuni , a jurist expert in commercial law. Notable historical personages Contemporary personalities Sassari is twinned with: Giudicato of Torres The Judicate of Logudoro or Torres ( Sardinian : Judicadu de Logudoro or Torres , Rennu de Logudoro or Logu de Torres ) was one of

473-643: The Italian Supercup in 2014 and 2019. in 2018–19 the club won the FIBA Europe Cup . The city has the main Stadio Vanni Sanna where it is held some concerts and where plays the Torres Calcio Femminile , S.E.F. Torres 1903 and U.S.D. Latte Dolce . The Palasport Roberta Serradimigni is the indoor basketball arena where the basketball team of Dinamo Sassari plays and where it is held some concerts. The Municipality of Sassari

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516-656: The Republic of Pisa with a semi-independent status. In 1284, the Pisans were defeated by the Genoese fleet at the Battle of Meloria , and the city was able to free itself: it became the Republic of Sassari , the first and only early independent renaissance city-state of Sardinia, with statutes of its own, allied to Genoa; the Genoese were pleased to see it thus withdrawn from Pisan control. Its statutes of 1316 are remarkable for

559-514: The four kingdoms or iudicati into which Sardinia was divided during the Middle Ages . It occupied the northwest part of the island from the 11th through the 13th century, bordering the Gallura to the east, Arborea to the south, and Cagliari to the southeast. Its original capital was Porto Torres . The region is still called Logudoro today. Logudoro was the largest and earliest of

602-520: The house of Savoy . The city was occupied by troops at the time. The dynasty of the Piedmontese King of Sardinia went on to the monarchs of Italy. Sassari, along with the rest of Italy, became part of the newly created Kingdom of Italy . At the end of the 18th century, the university was restored. In 1836, after six hundred years, the medieval walls were partially demolished, allowing the town to expand. New urban plans were developed, on

645-594: The iudicati but also the second to be subsumed by a foreign power. It was divided into twenty curatoriae , ruled by curatores . Sardinia was an imperial province of the Byzantine Empire until the 9th century, when the Arabs and Imazighen began pursuing aggressive policies of expansion and piracy in the Mediterranean . The conquest of Sicily by these groups in 827 effectively cut Sardinia off from

688-420: The 11th century the archontate became divided into four oprovinces ( giudicati , literally "judgeships"), though two — Logudoro and Arborea — were combined at the start of the 11th century. By 1073, these districts had become de facto independent states, their ruling kings still titled as iudices or judikes ("judges"') after their imperial civil servant predecessors. The first capital city of

731-456: The 9th–10th century AD by the inhabitants of the ancient Roman port of Turris Libisonis (current Porto Torres ), who sought refuge in the mainland to escape the Saracen attacks from the sea. It developed from the merger of a number of separate villages, such as San Pietro di Silki, San Giacomo di Taniga, and San Giovanni di Bosove. The oldest mention of the village is in an 1131 document in

774-574: The ARST reaches Alghero , Sorso , Nulvi and Palau . Dual carriage motorways link Sassari to Porto Torres , Platamona , Cagliari ( SS131 ), Olbia ( SS199 ) and to Alghero ( SS291 ). High-capacity traffic roads connect Sassari to Tempio Pausania ( SS672 ) and Ittiri . Notable people born here include the former presidents of the Italian Republic , Antonio Segni and Francesco Cossiga , and Enrico Berlinguer , secretary of

817-515: The French, and two plagues in 1528 and 1652, with periods of cultural and economic prosperity. The Jesuits founded the first Sardinian university in Sassari in 1562. In the same year, the first printing press was introduced and the ideals of Renaissance humanism became more widely known. Several artists of the Mannerist and Flemish schools practiced their art in the city. After the end of

860-504: The Giudicato of Logudoro was ancient Torres (now Porto Torres ), but the coastal city was exposed to Arab attacks, and so the seat of the judgeship was transferred first to Ardara and finally to Sassari . Logudoro only began to emerge from the fog of history during the reign of Barisone I from about 1038 to 1073. He brought Western monasticism to the island by requesting monks from Abbot Desiderius of Montecassino and in this he

903-626: The Institute of Sciences of Food Production ( ISPA ), and the Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment ( ISPAAM ). Manufacturing includes construction, pharmaceutical, food, typographic industry, and also, indirectly, petrochemical and the new greenchemicals located in Porto Torres . Tourism is concentrated mainly along the coasts. Platamona , Porto Ferro , Porto Palmas and Argentiera are

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946-730: The Spanish period following the European wars of the early 18th century, the brief period of Austrian rule (1708–1717) was succeeded by domination by the Piedmontese, who then took over the title of Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861). In 1795 an anti-feudal uprising broke out in the town, led by the Emissary of the Viceroy Giovanni Maria Angioy , a Sardinian civil servant, who later fought unsuccessfully against

989-472: The Teatro Civico (Civic Theatre). As Sardinia's second most populated city, it has a considerable amount of cultural, touristic , commercial and political importance in the island. The city's economy mainly relies on tourism and services , however also partially on research , construction , pharmaceuticals and the petroleum industry. Although Sassari was founded in the early Middle Ages ,

1032-555: The archive of the Monastery of St. Peter in Silki where is cited a man named Jordi de Sassaro (George of Sassari), a serf from the nearby village of Bosove. Sassari was sacked by the Genoese in 1166. Immigration continued until, in the early 13th century, it was the most populous city in the Giudicato of Torres , and its last capital. After the assassination of Michele Zanche , the latter's last ruler in 1275, Sassari became subject to

1075-461: The castles of Fava , Galtellì , Bonvehì , and Pedreso . Only Alghero and Longosardo remained in Aragonese hands. On 3 October, he entered Villa di Chiesa . In a letter written at Sanluri on 3 February 1392, he announced having repossessed all the territories lost to the Aragonese in 1388. On 16 March, a fleet under Martin of Aragon appeared off Capo San Marco , conducted from Sicily for

1118-522: The central government and military might of the empire, and the Byzantines found the island increasingly difficult to supply and defend. In the absence of instruction or reinforcement, the Sardinian provincial Byzantine officials, called iudici ("judges") began to govern autonomously. A single archontate was formed to govern the entire island, that nominally still recognized the byzantine emperor. By

1161-465: The city center, and the closest seaport is located at Porto Torres , 16 km (10 mi) away. Urban and suburban public transport is operated by about 25 bus lines of Azienda Trasporti Pubblici (ATP) and by a light rail transit of Azienda Regionale Sarda Trasporti (ARST). Two different railway companies connect the town to the rest of the island: Trenitalia links Sassari to Porto Torres , Oristano , Cagliari , Olbia , Golfo Aranci , and

1204-572: The city, architecturally dominated by Eclecticism , Art Nouveau and Art Deco styles, which created a movement towards the hybrid experimentation of new local architectural styles, known as the Sassarese Liberty . During the Fascist dictatorship, the town had over fifty thousand inhabitants and new neighbourhoods were built, the most important of these being Monte Rosello and Porcellana, typical examples of Rationalist Architecture . On

1247-758: The city. Several research centers are located in town: the University ones, the Center of Regional Weather Service ( Meteo Sar. ), the Regional Agency for Environmental Protection ( ARPA ), the Zooprophylaxis Institute of Sardinia, and many labs of the National Research Center ( CNR ): the Institute of Biometeorology ( IBIMET ), the Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ( ICB ), the Institute of Ecosystem Studies ( ISE ),

1290-572: The famous Carta de Logu (the constitution issued by Marianus IV of Arborea and updated later by his daughter the Giudichessa Eleanor of Arborea ) in the 14th century. The University of Sassari gained first place in 2009 in the ranking for the best “medium-sized” Italian university, awarded by the Censis Research Institute. The nearest airport, Fertilia International Airport , is 25 km (16 mi) from

1333-480: The joining of the Aragonese and Castilian thrones. During the period of Aragonese and then Spanish domination the city was known as Sàsser in Catalan language and Saçer in old Spanish . The city alternated years of crisis, featuring economic exploitation, the decrease of the maritime trade , made unsafe by the daily raids of Saracen pirates, political corruption of its rulers, the sacking of Sassari in 1527 by

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1376-605: The leniency of the penalties imposed when compared with the penal laws of the Middle Ages. From 1323, the Republic of Sassari decided to side with the King of Aragon, in whose hands it remained for much of the following centuries, though the population revolted at least three times. The revolts ceased when King Alfonso V of Aragon nominated the town as a Royal Burg, directly ruled by the King and free from feudal taxation, during

1419-488: The main part of the region of Sassari, while the urban agglomeration , with a population of about 275,000 inhabitants, is located to the south east. The abundance of water, with about 400 springs and artesian wells , has made for much development of horticulture over the centuries. Sassarese ( Sassaresu or Turritanu ) is much closer to Corsican and Tuscan language than it is to Sardinian , although this fact has caused some political controversy. It originated as

1462-470: The model of the capital of the new regime ( Turin ), with geometric streets and squares. Sassari became an important industrial center. In the 19th century, it was the second most important town in what was to become the future Italy for the production of leather , and in 1848 the Sassarese entrepreneur Giovanni Antonio Sanna gained control of the mine at Montevecchio , becoming the third richest man in

1505-399: The new Kingdom of Italy. The first railway was opened in 1872. In 1877, the old Aragonese castle was demolished, and on the site the "Caserma La Marmora" was built, where the headquarters of " Brigata Sassari " is still located. Founded in 1915, it still consists mainly of Sardinian soldiers. At the end of the 19th century, new urban developments grew on Cappuccini Hill and to the south of

1548-496: The other hand, the newspaper La Nuova Sardegna , considered subversive, was closed down. During the Second World War three Allied attempts to bomb the town failed: only the railway station was damaged, and there was only one casualty. The 8th Stage of the 2023 Giro Donne finished at Salassa on 8 July. Sassari is located in north-western Sardinia, at 225 metres (738 ft) above sea level . The area rises up on

1591-613: The principal seaside tourist spots of the municipality. The University of Sassari is the oldest in Sardinia (founded by the Jesuits in 1562), and has a high reputation, especially in Jurisprudence, Veterinary Medicine, Medicine, and Agriculture. Its libraries contain a number of ancient documents, among them the condaghes , Sardinia's first legal codes and the first documents written in the Sardinian language (11th century) and

1634-419: The queen Adelasia died without an heir. After this, Logudoro was effectively ruled by the Genoese families of Doria and Malaspina , and the ruling family of Arborea. Sassari meanwhile became an autonomous city-state . This Italian history article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Brancaleone Doria Brancaleone Doria was the husband of Eleanor of Arborea , regent of

1677-605: The surrounding area has been inhabited since the Neolithic age, and throughout ancient history , by the Nuragics and the Romans . Many archaeological sites and ancient ruins are located inside or around the town: the prehistoric step pyramid of Monte d'Accoddi , a large number of Nuraghes and Domus de Janas (Fairy Houses), the ruins of a Roman aqueduct, the ruins of a Roman villa discovered under San Nicholas Cathedral, and

1720-492: Was assassinated in 1383, Eleanor and Brancaleone's young son Frederick succeeded to the Giudicato of Arborea. At that time, Brancaleone was in Catalonia to receive the honorific title of "Count of Monteleone and Baron of Lower Marmilla". As soon as Peter IV heard of the election of Frederick, he arrested Brancaleone and sent him to Cagliari to be imprisoned first in the tower of Pancrazio and then in that of Elefante. Arborea

1763-465: Was governed in the meantime by Eleanor. Frederick, later seized and imprisoned by Peter himself, died young and in captivity. He was succeeded by Brancaleone's second son, Marianus V . Brancaleone was finally liberated on 1 January 1390, by which time his loyalty to the Aragonese crown was broken. On 1 April 1391, Brancaleone marched on Castel di Cagliari and, on 16 August, occupied Sassari and Osilo with his son Marianus. In September, he conquered

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1806-434: Was subdivided into ten circoscrizioni (administrative districts), reduced to six since the elections of May 3, 2000, and four since the elections of May 31, 2010. The economy of town is mainly focused on services and the advanced tertiary sector . It is the principal administrative centre of central and northern Sardinia. The main Sardinian banks ( Banco di Sardegna and Banca di Sassari ) have head office and presidency in

1849-594: Was supported by both Pope Alexander II and Godfrey the Bearded , Margrave of Tuscany , though the archdiocese of Pisa , thitherto the chief religious influence on the island, opposed it. The monks had spiritual, scholastic and military roles. On the death of Barisone I, Arborea chose its own judge in Marianus de Zori , while the Logudorese chose Andrew Tanca . The kingdom of Logudoro came to an end in 1259, when

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