79-422: ScanJet is a line of desktop flatbed and sheetfed image scanners originally sold by Hewlett-Packard (HP), later HP Inc. , since 1987. It was the first commercially widespread image scanner on the market, as well as one of the first scanners aimed at the small office/home office market. It was originally designed to compliment the company's LaserJet series of laser printers and allowed HP to compete in
158-404: A de facto standard for sound cards in desktop PCs during the 1990s until the early 2000s, when they were reduced to a niche product, as OEM desktop PCs came with sound boards integrated directly onto the motherboard. While desktops have long been the most common configuration for PCs, by the mid-2000s the growth shifted from desktops to laptops. Notably, while desktops were mainly produced in
237-401: A UPS to handle electrical disturbances like short interruptions, blackouts, and spikes; achieving an on-battery time of more than 20–30 minutes for a desktop PC requires a large and expensive UPS. A laptop with a sufficiently charged battery can continue to be used for hours in case of a power outage and is not affected by short power interruptions and blackouts. A desktop computer often has
316-435: A case that houses the power supply , motherboard (a printed circuit board with a microprocessor as the central processing unit , memory , bus , certain peripherals and other electronic components), disk storage (usually one or more hard disk drives , solid-state drives , optical disc drives , and in early models floppy disk drives ); a keyboard and mouse for input ; and a monitor , speakers , and, often,
395-478: A local area network through a NetWare server. The ScanJet 4si had a front-panel LCD for sending scans directly to a system on the network. In April 1997, HP released the successor to the ScanJet 4s, the ScanJet 5s, which was designed by HP from the ground-up. Allegedly, HP was unhappy with the original PaperPort's design and grew weary of Visioneer's slow efforts to design a successor model on which HP could base
474-450: A mainframe computer but that did not stop owners from using its built-in computational abilities as a stand-alone desktop computer. The HP 9800 series , which started out as programmable calculators in 1971 but was programmable in BASIC by 1972, used a smaller version of a minicomputer design based on ROM memory and had small one-line LED alphanumeric displays and displayed graphics with
553-471: A patched driver on their website. The ScanJet 5p contains a hardware Easter egg . On a cold power-on, holding down the scan button when the SCSI ID selector on the back is set to "0" will cause the ScanJet to play a rendition of Schiller 's " Ode to Joy ", by modulating the speed of the audible stepper motor drive to produce specific pitches. In November 1997, HP iterated on their ScanJet 4si design with
632-437: A printer for output. The case may be oriented horizontally or vertically and placed either underneath, beside, or on top of a desk. Desktop computers with their cases oriented vertically are referred to as towers . As the majority of cases offered since the mid-1990s are in this form factor, the term desktop has been retronymically used to refer to modern cases offered in the traditional horizontal orientation. Prior to
711-834: A tower is a form factor of desktop computer case whose height is much greater than its width, thus having the appearance of an upstanding tower block . In computing , a pizza box enclosure is a design for desktop computers. Pizza box cases tend to be wide and flat, resembling pizza delivery boxes and thus the name. Cube Workstations have a cube case enclosure to house the motherboard , PCI-E expansion cards, GPU , CPU , DRAM DIMM slots, computer cooling equipment, chipsets , I / O ports, hard disk drives , and solid-state drives . Gaming computers are desktop computers with high performance CPU , GPU , and RAM optimized for playing video games at high resolution and frame rates . Gaming computer peripheries usually include mechanical keyboards for faster response time, and
790-448: A tracing algorithm to detected line art—turning them into vector graphics and rasterizing the recreated vector as part of the final scan. IST was reportedly buggy and resulted in distorted output caused by false positives. The ScanJet 5200c, released in 1999, added USB connectivity, while the ScanJet 5300c, released in 2000, bumped the optical resolution to 1200 dpi and the color depth to 42 bits. The ScanJet 5370c, released in
869-525: A 2% worldwide market share in 1986. However, laptops have become increasingly popular, both for business and personal use. Around 109 million notebook PCs shipped worldwide in 2007, a growth of 33% compared to 2006. In 2008, it was estimated that 145.9 million notebooks were sold and that the number would grow in 2009 to 177.7 million. The third quarter of 2008 was the first time when worldwide notebook PC shipments exceeded desktops, with 38.6 million units versus 38.5 million units. The sales breakdown of
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#1732780815446948-437: A built-in keyboard and a pointing device (such as a touchpad ) for its user and can draw on power supplied by a rechargeable battery. Laptops also commonly integrate wireless technologies like Wi-Fi , Bluetooth , and 3G , giving them a broader range of options for connecting to the internet, though this trend is changing as newer desktop computers come integrated with one or more of these technologies. A desktop computer needs
1027-549: A decline in sales, in 2018, global PC sales experienced a resurgence, driven by the business market. Desktops remain a solid fixture in the commercial and educational sectors. According to the International Data Corporation (IDC) , PC sales shot up 14.8% between 2020 and 2021 and desktop market grew faster than the laptop market in the second quarter of 2021. Total PC shipments during 2021 reached 348.8 million units, up 14.8% from 2020. This represents
1106-431: A gaming computer mouse which can track higher dots per inch movement. These desktops are connected to home entertainment systems and typically used for amusement purpose. They come with high definition display, video graphics, surround sound and TV tuner systems to complement typical PC features. Over time some traditional desktop computers have been replaced with thin clients utilizing off-site computing solutions like
1185-533: A new one merely to keep pace with advancing technology. Notably, the successive release of new versions of Windows (Windows 95, 98, XP, Vista, 7, 8, 10 and so on) had been drivers for the replacement of PCs in the 1990s, but this slowed in the 2000s due to the poor reception of Windows Vista over Windows XP. IDC analyst Jay Chou suggested that Windows 8 actually hurt sales of PCs in 2012, as businesses decided to stick with Windows 7 rather than upgrade. Some suggested that Microsoft had acknowledged "implicitly ringing
1264-467: A plotter. The Wang 2200 of 1973 had a full-size cathode-ray tube (CRT) and cassette tape storage. The IBM 5100 in 1975 had a small CRT display and could be programmed in BASIC and APL . These were generally expensive specialized computers sold for business or scientific uses. Apple II , TRS-80 and Commodore PET were first generation personal home computers launched in 1977, which were aimed at
1343-510: A procedure in order for de facto standards to be processed through the formal standardization system to be transformed into international standards from ISO and IEC . In social sciences a voluntary standard that is also a de facto standard is a typical solution to a coordination problem . The choice of a de facto standard tends to be stable in situations in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. In contrast, an enforced de jure standard
1422-399: A second or third PC in the household that would have performed these tasks, though most families still retain a powerful PC for serious work. Among PC form factors, desktops remain a staple in the enterprise market but lost popularity among home buyers. PC makers and electronics retailers responded by investing their engineering and marketing resources towards laptops (initially netbooks in
1501-617: A server. Thin client computers may do almost all of their computing on a virtual machine in another site. Internal, hosted virtual desktops can offer users a completely consistent experience from anywhere. Workstations are advanced class of personal computers designed for a user and more powerful than a regular PC but less powerful than a server in regular computing. They are capable of high-resolution and three-dimensional interfaces, and typically used to perform scientific and engineering work. Like server computers, they are often connected with other workstations. The main form-factor for this class
1580-465: A trial version of Caere 's OmniPage , an optical character recognition (OCR) software package. HP collaborated with Caere to fine-tune OmniPage to support HP's new AccuPage algorithms for aiding in OCR. AccuPage comprised an adaptive thresholding filter for improved text detection and a model for detecting columns and tabular data, ensuring the proper flow of text in the resulting OCR text file. AccuPage
1659-465: Is a Latin phrase (literally " of fact "), here meaning "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but not officially established". A de facto standard contrasts an international standard which is defined by an organization such as International Standards Organization , or a standard required by law (also known as de jure standards ). Joint technical committee on information technology (ISO/IEC JTC1) developed
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#17327808154461738-490: Is a Tower case, but most vendors produce compact or all-in-one low-end workstations. Most tower workstations can be converted to a rack-mount version. Oriented for small business class of servers; typically entry-level server machines, with similar to workstation/gaming PC computing powers and with some mainstream servers features, but with only basic graphic abilities; and some desktop servers can be converted to workstations. Desktops have an advantage over laptops in that
1817-416: Is a line of networked ADF scanners. Models include: The ScanJet Pro is a line of flatbed and ADF scanners. Models include: Desktop computer A desktop computer , often abbreviated as desktop , is a personal computer designed for regular use at a stationary location on or near a desk (as opposed to a portable computer ) due to its size and power requirements. The most common configuration has
1896-453: Is a notable example of a compact desktop. A laptop without a screen can functionally be used as a compact desktop, sometimes called a "slabtop". An all-in-one (AIO) desktop computer integrates the system's internal components into the same case as the display, thus occupying a smaller footprint (with fewer cables) than desktops that incorporate a tower. The All-in-one systems are rarely labeled as desktop computers. In personal computing ,
1975-675: Is capable of scanning up to 24-bit color (about 16.7 million colors) at 400 dpi and has a platen capable of scanning legal paper–sized documents natively on the platen. The ScanJet IIc natively supports both the Mac and the PC and has connectors for both 25-pin and 50-pin SCSI interfaces. The scanner's RIP is capable of outputing full 24-bit color to the computer, or it can output 1-bit monochrome, 8-bit grayscale, spot color, 8-bit color, and halftones in both color and monochrome. HP sold an optional ADF for
2054-472: Is quite rare. Compact desktops are reduced in physical proportions compared to full-sized desktops. They are typically small-sized, inexpensive, low-power computers designed for basic tasks such as web browsing , accessing web-based applications , document processing, and audio/video playback. Hardware specifications and processing power are usually reduced and hence make them less appropriate for running complex or resource-intensive applications . A nettop
2133-481: Is still most popular on desktops (and laptops), while smartphones (and tablets) use Android or iOS . Towards the middle of the 2010s, media sources began to question the existence of the post-PC trend, at least as conventionally defined, stating that the so-called post-PC devices are just other portable forms of PCs joining traditional desktop PCs which still have their own operation areas and evolve. Although for casual use traditional desktops and laptops have seen
2212-519: The Apple Macintosh has seen sales of desktop Macs staying mostly constant while being surpassed by that of Mac notebooks whose sales rate has grown considerably; seven out of ten Macs sold were laptops in 2009, a ratio projected to rise to three out of four by 2010. The change in sales of form factors is due to the desktop iMac moving from affordable G3 to upscale G4 model and subsequent releases are considered premium all-in-ones. By contrast,
2291-614: The bit depth up to 8-bit, or 256 shades of gray, while retaining the 300 dpi maximum resolution of its predecessor. The ScanJet Plus could connect directly to any PC that had a bidirectional parallel port—namely the PS/2, which invented that standard for parallel connection—but it otherwise required an optional interface card at additional cost. Like the original ScanJet, the ScanJet Plus also sold with an optional ADF attachment. The ScanJet Plus had exceptional market uptake and
2370-406: The 1990s had pushed gamers and enthusiasts to frequently upgrade to the latest CPUs and graphics cards ( 3dfx , ATI , and Nvidia ) for their desktops (usually a tower case) in order to run these applications, though this has slowed since the late 2000s as the growing popularity of Intel integrated graphics forced game developers to scale back. Creative Technology 's Sound Blaster series were
2449-526: The 5490c with the ADF built-in. 2002's ScanJet 5550c was sold exclusively as an ADF-enabled flatbed for the document processing market. The ScanJet 5530, a more traditional image scanner, bumped the color depth to 48 bits and included a miniature ADF for 4-by-6-inch prints. 2004's ScanJet 5590 was an ADF–flatbed hybrid similar to the 5550c that increased the maximum number of pages per sheetfed scan from 35 pages to 50 pages. The ScanJet Enterprise Flow
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2528-583: The 6200c in terms of performance and quality. The ScanJet 5p was replaced by the ScanJet 5100c in March 1998, which was HP's first color ScanJet to connect to PCs using a 25-pin enhanced parallel port instead of SCSI. HP introduced a new technology to its RIP with the ScanJet 5100c, called Intelligent Scanning Technology (IST), which analyzes the scanned image for photo, line-art, and textual elements; identifies their boundaries; and applies post-processing to optimize each region for contrast and sharpness and performs
2607-760: The MSRP of the MacBook laptop lines have dropped through successive generations such that the MacBook Air and MacBook Pro constitute the lowest price of entry to a Mac, with the exception of the even more inexpensive Mac Mini (albeit without a monitor and keyboard), and the MacBooks are the top-selling form factors of the Macintosh platform today. The decades of development mean that most people already own desktop computers that meet their needs and have no need of buying
2686-573: The Network ScanJet 5 can act as a sort of fax machine, capable of sending documents to fax machines in the local area network or outside of it . However, it is incapable of receiving faxes directly; this still has to be done either through software on a computer system on the network or through an actual fax machine on the network. The ScanJet 6100c, released in August 1997, replaced the ScanJet 4c as HP's high-end flatbed scanner offering. Like
2765-410: The Network ScanJet 5, which connect directly to Ethernet routers (either 10BASE2 , 10BASE-T , or 100BASE-T ) and interface with servers running either NetWare or Windows NT Server . With a local interface comprising an LCD and a numeric keypad, the ScanJet can be controlled directly to send files to any computer on the network. If it is connected to a network capable of sending packet-switched faxes ,
2844-454: The ScanJet 3c was an involved process, requiring tweaking the sizes of each of the three-strip CCD sensor to correct for chromatic aberration caused by uneven path lengths of the filtered red, green, and blue beams of light as they bounce off the mirrors of the optical assembly. HP also had to design and manufacture a bespoke fluorescent tube with three specific phosphors that radiate even, controlled amounts of red, green, and blue light. Late in
2923-449: The ScanJet 4c (and the ScanJet 3c before it), the ScanJet 6100c has a CCD imaging sensor that scans up to 30-bit color at up to 600 dpi optically. HP sold as optionals an ADF and a transparency adapter for the ScanJet 6100c. As a pack-in feature, HP bundled the ScanJet 6100c with a passive transparency adapter, as a free alternative to the transparency adapter. The device consists of a small, hollow, plastic triangular prism , with one of
3002-459: The ScanJet 4p with the ScanJet 5p (sold as the ScanJet 5pse at retailers) in January 1997. It was sold alongside the ScanJet 4c as a budget offering. To that end, the ScanJet 5p was only capable of scanning up to 300 dpi and up to 24-bit color, exactly like its predecessor. The ScanJet 5p featured a redesigned chassis, with the addition of a scan button toward the front of the case that launches
3081-418: The ScanJet 6100c with the ScanJet 6200c in August 1998, which bumped the color depth to 36 bits and added USB connectivity. It was alternatively sold with an ADF built in as the ScanJet 6250c. The ScanJet 6200c was replaced in August 1999 with the ScanJet 6300c, which was alternatively sold as the 6350c with an ADF built-in and as the 6390c with the transparency adapter built-in. It was otherwise identical to
3160-560: The ScanJet IIc may send data up to 600 KB per second, which on contemporaneous personal computers was a data rate too fast for their disk buffers to handle. Thus, HP designed the ScanJet IIC's stepper motor drive system to occasionally stop the imaging sensor in place and ratchet it back several millimeters to allow for the disk buffer to clear and the scan to restart. The ratcheting motion prevents gaps and other distortions in
3239-466: The ScanJet IIc. Unlike the ScanJet Plus, the ScanJet IIc's scanning engine, as well as its charge-coupled device (CCD) imaging sensor, were designed entirely in-house at HP by a team of dozens. The ScanJet IIc uses an imaging sensor with three linear CCDs to scan a color image in one pass, illuminating the page with two fluorescent tube lamps . Each CCD receives red, green, and blue color information separately using an optical focusing system that focuses
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3318-488: The ScanJet IIcx while boosting the maximum color bit depth to 30 bits (over 1 billion colors) and the maximum grayscale bit depth to 10 bits (1024 shades of gray). This boost in bit depth aids in post-processing of images; for example, it allows the user to pull out detail from shadows in dark photographic prints while reducing banding . It was the cheapest scanner on the market to scan in 30-bit color at
3397-588: The ScanJet for the PC platform only, but in June 1988, the company released driver software and an application suite for the Macintosh platform supporting the ScanJet. The original ScanJet sold very well for HP, with PC Week calling it a "mammoth succes[s]" six months after its initial release. By the beginning of 1988, the ScanJet had accounted 27 percent of all scanner sales in terms of dollar volume, per Gartner Dataquest . Canon 's IX-12 had heretofore been
3476-473: The ScanJet line have been sporadic since the 2010s. Hewlett-Packard (HP) developed the first ScanJet in the mid-1980s at their printer division in Boise, Idaho . The ScanJet was released in March 1987, as a compliment to their LaserJet series, which was the first commercially successful line of laser printers ever released, introduced in 1984 and also developed at Boise. The ScanJet was developed to round out
3555-617: The United States, laptops had long been produced by contract manufacturers based in Asia, such as Foxconn . This shift led to the closure of the many desktop assembly plants in the United States by 2010. Another trend around this time was the increasing proportion of inexpensive base-configuration desktops being sold, hurting PC manufacturers such as Dell whose build-to-order customization of desktops relied on upselling added features to buyers. Battery-powered portable computers had just
3634-404: The advantage over a comparable laptop in computational capacity. Overclocking is often more feasible on a desktop than on a laptop; similarly, hardware add-ons such as discrete graphics co-processors may be possible to install only in a desktop. De facto standard A de facto standard is a custom or convention that is commonly used even though its use is not required. De facto
3713-501: The bundled PictureScan software and can be set up to initiate a scan without further user intervention. HP did not offer an ADF or a transparency scanner as options for the ScanJet 5p, however, because of its budget stature. The ScanJet 5p originally shipped with a buggy TWAIN driver that caused scans within certain image editors such as Photoshop to slow down dramatically compared to scans within HP's DeskJet software. The company later issued
3792-455: The burgeoning desktop publishing market of the early 1980s. The grayscale-only ScanJet Plus, co-developed with Canon and released in 1989, was a massive commercial success and had a wide influence in scanner design. For almost a decade at the low end of the market, the ScanJet Plus was a de facto standard for the specifications of scanner hardware. Starting in 1991, models of ScanJet were released that could scan in full color. Updates to
3871-401: The case for laptops, though adding or replacing some parts, like the optical drive , hard disk , or adding an extra memory module is often quite simple. This means that a desktop computer configuration, usually a tower case , can be customized and upgraded to a greater extent than laptops. This customization has kept tower cases popular among gamers and enthusiasts . Another advantage of
3950-413: The cloud. As more services and applications are served over the internet from off-site servers, local computing needs decrease, this drives desktop computers to be smaller, cheaper, and need less powerful hardware. More applications and in some cases entire virtual desktops are moved off-site and the desktop computer runs only an operating system or a shell application while the actual content is served from
4029-467: The company had released. The ScanJet 4s was a rebadge of Visioneer 's PaperPort scanner, which was a low-cost, slimline sheetfed unit. The ScanJet 4s had a limited feature set compared to the PaperPort but was less expensive. The ScanJet 4si on the other hand was an original HP design. It was a networked scanner, designed to plug into a Ethernet router (or a Token Ring router) to send scans across
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#17327808154464108-526: The company's desktop publishing products; desktop publishing was a nascent industry at the time, for which HP had a printing device, the LaserJet, but no imaging device to pair with it. The original ScanJet has a 8.5-by-13-inch platen and is capable of scanning at a maximum resolution of 300 dpi in 4-bit grayscale (16 shades of gray). The original ScanJet has an internal raster image processor (RIP), controlled by software, capable of outputting
4187-409: The congruent faces cut out to accommodate a single 35-mm slide and a mirror glued to one of the other congruent two faces from the inside. The light from the flatbed's lamp projects through the slide onto the mirror, which bounces back through the slide onto the imaging sensor. This system repurposes the scanner's built-in lamp as a backlight , necessary to scan transparencies on a flatbed. HP replaced
4266-473: The consumer market – rather than businessmen or computer hobbyists. Byte magazine referred to these three as the "1977 Trinity" of personal computing. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, desktop computers became the predominant type, the most popular being the IBM PC and its clones , followed by the Apple Macintosh , with the third-placed Commodore Amiga having some success in the mid-1980s but declining by
4345-475: The contrary, generally fit into one or a few refrigerator-sized racks, or, for the few smaller ones, built into a fairly large desk, not put on top of it. It was not until the 1970s when fully programmable computers appeared that could fit entirely on top of a desk. 1970 saw the introduction of the Datapoint 2200 , a "smart" computer terminal complete with keyboard and monitor, was designed to connect with
4424-412: The design of the ScanJet 5s, so HP decided to design it themselves. It was HP's first color sheetfed scanner and could scan documents up to 300 dpi optically (600 dpi interpolated) in 24-bit color. PC Magazine reviewed the ScanJet 5s negatively, writing that, "Unfortunately, [HP's] first entry in the color sheet-fed scanner market ... is slow and noisy", outputting mediocre scans. HP replaced
4503-568: The desktop PC death knell" as Windows 8 offered little upgrade in desktop PC functionality over Windows 7; instead, Windows 8's innovations were mostly on the mobile side. The post-PC trend saw a decline in the sales of desktop and laptop PCs. The decline was attributed to increased power and applications of alternative computing devices, namely smartphones and tablet computers. Although most people exclusively use their smartphones and tablets for more basic tasks such as social media and casual gaming , these devices have in many instances replaced
4582-750: The desktop is that (apart from environmental concerns ) power consumption is not as critical as in laptop computers because the desktop is exclusively powered from the wall socket. Desktop computers also provide more space for cooling fans and vents to dissipate heat, allowing enthusiasts to overclock with less risk. The two large microprocessor manufacturers, Intel and AMD , have developed special CPUs for mobile computers (i.e. laptops) that consume less power and lower heat, but with lower performance levels. Laptop computers, conversely, offer portability that desktop systems (including small form factor and all-in-one desktops) cannot due to their compact size and clamshell design . The laptop's all-in-one design provides
4661-470: The development of the 3c, the development team was forced to add a large metal plate to the bottom of the scanner acting as a charge sink to eliminate electrostatic discharge that was causing the scanner's SCSI bus to crash and reset. Along with the ScanJet 4c, HP also introduced the ScanJet 4s and the ScanJet 4si in November 1995. These models of ScanJet were HP's first standalone sheetfed scanners that
4740-430: The early 1990s. Early personal computers , like the original IBM Personal Computer , were enclosed in a " desktop case ", horizontally oriented to have the display screen placed on top, thus saving space on the user's actual desk, although these cases had to be sturdy enough to support the weight of CRT displays that were widespread at the time. Over the course of the 1990s, desktop cases gradually became less common than
4819-542: The final output by accounting for the inertia of the image sensor suddenly stopping in place. In November 1993, HP introduced the ScanJet IIcx, their replacement for the IIc, featuring a faster stepper motor drive assembly that scans images in grayscale mode at nearly twice the speed of the IIc; the speed of color scans remains the same, however. It was also HP's first ScanJet to ship with an optional transparency adapter, used for scanning slides and film negatives . HP offered
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#17327808154464898-419: The highest level of shipments the PC market has seen since 2012. In addition, gaming desktops have seen a global revenue increase of 54% annually. For gaming the global market of gaming desktops, laptops, and monitors is expected to grow to 61.1 million shipments by the end of 2023, up from 42.1 million, with desktops growing from 15.1 million shipments to 19 million. PC gaming as a whole accounts for 28% of
4977-473: The illuminated page onto two dichroic filters , which splits the image into the three color components that are read separately by each of the CCDs. The CCDs are refreshed periodically to eliminate low-pass filtering at the scanner's native 400 dpi, increasing vertical resolution. When scanning at lower resolutions, however, the sensor traverses the page at a faster rate, inducing a slight low-pass filter over
5056-425: The image (in an analog fashion) and eliminating aliasing effects on half-tone images, a beneficial side-effect when scanning halftone-printed originals. The simple linear interpolation of the ScanJet's RIP for producing scans in non-integer scalings of 400 dpi does produce aliasing artifacts when scanning certain halftone originals, however. In addition, when scanning at resolutions higher than 150 dpi,
5135-427: The late 2000s, and then the higher-performance Ultrabooks from 2011 onwards), which manufacturers believed had more potential to revive the PC market than desktops. In April 2017, StatCounter declared a "Milestone in technology history and end of an era" with the mobile Android operating system becoming more popular than Windows (the operating system that made desktops dominant over mainframe computers ). Windows
5214-525: The lowest-common denominator for numerous scanners on the market for nearly a decade, until the maturation of the TWAIN API for scanners occurred in the late 1990s. Even by 1996, the ScanJet Plus remained popular on the reseller market. In 1990, HP moved research and development of the ScanJet from Boise to Greeley, Colorado . There, the company developed the ScanJet IIc, the first ScanJet capable of scanning in color, released in August 1991. The ScanJet IIc
5293-544: The more-accessible tower cases that may be located on the floor under or beside a desk rather than on a desk. Not only do these tower cases have more room for expansion, they have also freed up desk space for monitors which were becoming larger every year. Desktop cases, particularly the compact form factors, remain popular for corporate computing environments and kiosks. Some computer cases can be interchangeably positioned either horizontally (desktop) or upright (mini-tower). Influential games such as Doom and Quake during
5372-540: The most popular scanner for the PC platform, but by 1989 the ScanJet had caught up in terms of sales and third-party software support. That year, Canon and HP collaborated on the design for the follow-up ScanJet Plus, released in February 1989. The scanning engine of the ScanJet Plus reused Canon's design for the IX-30F, while Hewlett-Packard designed the rest of the hardware as well as the support software. The ScanJet bumped
5451-572: The same optional ADF of the IIc for the IIcx; the transparency adapter option was however exclusive to the IIcx and is not backwards-compatible with older ScanJets. In March 1992, HP introduced the ScanJet IIp, a compact and lower-cost version of the ScanJet Plus that served as its direct replacement. It was one of the first scanners on the market to support the TWAIN API, for which Hewlett-Packard
5530-410: The same year, came with an optional transparency adapter that replaced the old system (in which the top lid is entirely replaced with the adapter unit) with a smaller, standalone unit that rests on the flatbed itself (with the lid open), plugging into the back of the main ScanJet unit to power its backlight. 2001's ScanJet 5470c bumped the optical resolution to 2400 dpi and was alternatively sold as
5609-489: The scan to the computer in raw 4-bit grayscale, in halftone dither, or in 1-bit monochrome. HP sold the original ScanJet with an optional automatic document feeder (ADF) attachment, intended for scanning multiple-page documents rapidly; the ADF attachment supports up to legal -sized documents. Customers were forced to buy a proprietary interface card that allowed the ScanJet to connect to an IBM PC or compatible desktop computer for nearly US$ 500 extra. HP initially targeted
5688-548: The spare parts and extensions tend to be standardized, resulting in lower prices and greater availability. For example, the size and mounting of the motherboard are standardized into ATX , microATX , BTX or other form factors . Desktops have several standardized expansion slots , like conventional PCI or PCI Express , while laptops tend to have only one mini-PCI slot and one PC Card slot (or ExpressCard slot). Procedures for assembly and disassembly of desktops tend to be simple and standardized as well. This tends not to be
5767-401: The time of its release. The ScanJet 3c also increased the maximum native resolution of the scanning element to 600 dpi. The ScanJet's hardware PDI is capable of upscaling the 600-dpi image to simulate up to 4800 dpi. Like the IIcx, the ScanJet 3c supports an aftermarket ADF and transparency adapter. The ScanJet 3c received a minor update in the form of the ScanJet 4c in November 1995. It
5846-583: The total gaming market as of 2017. This is partially due to the increasing affordability of desktop PCs. Full-sized desktops are characterized by separate display and processing components. These components are connected to each other by cables or wireless connections . They often come in a tower form factor. These computers are easy to customize and upgrade per user requirements, e.g. by expansion card . Early extended-size (significantly larger than mainstream ATX case) tower computers sometimes were labeled as " deskside computers ", but currently this naming
5925-410: The widespread use of microprocessors , a computer that could fit on a desk was considered remarkably small; the type of computers most commonly used were minicomputers , which, despite the name, were rather large and were "mini" only compared to the so-called " big iron ". Early computers, and later the general purpose high throughput " mainframes ", took up the space of a whole room. Minicomputers , on
6004-478: Was a principal author (as part of the TWAIN Working Group). Like the ScanJet Plus, the ScanJet IIp scans up to 300 dpi natively at up to 8-bit grayscale; alternatively it can output 600 dpi, interpolated from 300 dpi. However, its platen is slightly smaller than the ScanJet Plus', at 8.5 by 11.7 inches, in order to accommodate the smaller chassis. HP bundled the ScanJet IIp with
6083-516: Was later backported to the ScanJet IIc and made an open standard for other OCR vendors to license. In October 1994, HP replaced the ScanJet IIp with the ScanJet 3p, capable of scanning twice as fast as the ScanJet IIp at the same resolutions. An optional ADF was available for both the IIp and the 3p. HP replaced the ScanJet IIcx with the ScanJet 3c in April 1995. The ScanJet 3c doubled the scanning speed over
6162-414: Was virtually identical to the 3c, with the bundled DeskScan II scanner control and raster editor application updated for greater Windows 95 support. A cost-reduced version of the ScanJet 4c, the ScanJet 4p, was released in March 1996. It was limited to a maximum resolution of 300 dpi and a maximum color bit depth of 24 bits. The ScanJet 4c was sold as the ScanJet 4cse at retailers. Development of
6241-525: Was widely praised in the technology press. It was the first mass-marketed grayscale scanner for desktop computers and was influential in bringing the cost of the average scanner down from the multiple thousands of dollars to the sub-$ 2000 range. By 1991, the ScanJet Plus had become a de facto standard for scanner hardware, with new competing scanners boasting compatibility with the ScanJet Plus (in terms of feature set and API commands sent to DOS and Windows software). ScanJet Plus–compatibility would remain
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