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24-629: The Scenic Rim is a group of forested mountain ranges of the Great Dividing Range , located south of Brisbane agglomeration, straddling the border between south-eastern Queensland and north-eastern New South Wales , Australia . In 2021, the Scenic Rim was named as a Lonely Planet top destination for 2022. Yugarabul (also known as Ugarapul and Yuggerabul) and Yugembah (also known as Yugumbir, Jugambel, Jugambeir, Jugumbir, Jukam, Jukamba) are Australian Aboriginal languages of

48-942: A subtropical climate with (at the lowest altitudes) average minimum winter temperatures of 6 °C, average maximum summer temperatures of 29 °C, and average annual rainfall of 1555 mm. Areas protected in national parks and other conservation reserves include the Border Ranges National Park , Glen Rock Regional Park, Koreelah National Park , Lamington National Park , Limpinwood Nature Reserve , Main Range National Park , Mebbin National Park , Moogerah Peaks National Park , Mount Barney National Park , Mount Chinghee National Park , Mount Clunie National Park , Mount Nothofagus National Park , Mount Warning National Park , Numinbah Nature Reserve and Springbrook National Park . Parts of

72-488: A 64 kilometres (40 mi) gravel road circuit through sub tropical, cool and warm temperate rainforest types. The area was extensively logged during the 20th century, providing timber to a number of nearby sawmills. The Lions Road and the Sydney–Brisbane rail corridor pass through the park at its narrow middle section. Border Ranges and Lamington National Park are recognised as a biodiversity hotspot, containing

96-578: A mixture of northern and southern flora species (the McPherson-Macleay overlap) with a number of endemic , rare and endangered species. Fauna is similarly diverse and species like the Hastings River mouse , have been rediscovered in the park in recent years. Lower areas of the park contain eucalypt forests that provide habitat for eastern grey kangaroos , red-necked wallabies and koalas . Pademelons and potoroo are also found in

120-562: A zone where tropical, temperate and western species overlap in a biodiversity hot spot. Biologists refer to this region as the Macleay-McPherson Overlap. The mountainous landscape forms a quarter circle ridge positioned roughly from south of Toowoomba around to Springbrook . Tamborine Mountain , Lever's Plateau and the Lamington Plateau are part of the rim formation. The scenic rim is considered part of

144-729: Is a protected national park that is located in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales , Australia . A small portion of the national park is also located in South East Queensland . The 31,729-hectare (78,400-acre) park is situated approximately 150 kilometres (93 mi) south of Brisbane , north of Kyogle . The park is part of the Shield Volcano Group World Heritage Site Gondwana Rainforests of Australia inscribed in 1986 and added to

168-538: Is at work while the mountains are being uplifted until the mountains are reduced to low hills and plains. The early Cenozoic uplift of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado provides an example. As the uplift was occurring some 10,000 feet (3,000 m) of mostly Mesozoic sedimentary strata were removed by erosion over the core of the mountain range and spread as sand and clays across the Great Plains to

192-865: The Alpide belt . The Pacific Ring of Fire includes the Andes of South America, extends through the North American Cordillera , the Aleutian Range , on through Kamchatka Peninsula , Japan , Taiwan , the Philippines , Papua New Guinea , to New Zealand . The Andes is 7,000 kilometres (4,350 mi) long and is often considered the world's longest mountain system. The Alpide belt stretches 15,000 km across southern Eurasia , from Java in Maritime Southeast Asia to

216-551: The Annamite Range . If the definition of a mountain range is stretched to include underwater mountains, then the Ocean Ridge forms the longest continuous mountain system on Earth, with a length of 65,000 kilometres (40,400 mi). The position of mountain ranges influences climate, such as rain or snow. When air masses move up and over mountains, the air cools, producing orographic precipitation (rain or snow). As

240-694: The Australian National Heritage List in 2007. The Border Ranges region, which includes the McPherson Range , Tweed Range , Lamington Plateau and Levers Plateau, were formed from the erosion of the Tweed Volcano over many years. A number of volcanic plugs remain in the Border Ranges National Park. Notable for extensive stands of Nothofagus moorei (Antarctic beech), the park offers

264-634: The Gold Coast hinterland . Parts of the rim are well developed, crossed by highways with facilities for tourists like Cunninghams Gap , others are privately owned agricultural properties and rural villages such as Beechmont and Tamborine Mountain. Much of the rest is protected in national parks and nature reserves . The ranges include the Little Liverpool Range , Main Range , Mistake Mountains, McPherson Range , Teviot Range and

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288-804: The Iberian Peninsula in Western Europe , including the ranges of the Himalayas , Karakoram , Hindu Kush , Alborz , Caucasus , and the Alps . The Himalayas contain the highest mountains in the world, including Mount Everest , which is 8,848 metres (29,029 ft) high. Mountain ranges outside these two systems include the Arctic Cordillera , Appalachians , Great Dividing Range , East Siberians , Altais , Scandinavians , Qinling , Western Ghats , Vindhyas , Byrrangas , and

312-600: The Mithrim Montes and Doom Mons on Titan, and Tenzing Montes and Hillary Montes on Pluto. Some terrestrial planets other than Earth also exhibit rocky mountain ranges, such as Maxwell Montes on Venus taller than any on Earth and Tartarus Montes on Mars . Jupiter's moon Io has mountain ranges formed from tectonic processes including the Boösaule , Dorian, Hi'iaka and Euboea Montes . Border Ranges National Park The Border Ranges National Park

336-1016: The Tweed Range . Valleys of the Scenic Rim include Laidley Creek, Christmas Creek, Lockyer Valley , Fassifern Valley , Numinbah Valley , the Albert River , Logan River , Coomera River and the Bremer River . The geology and landscape of the Scenic Rim is largely volcanic in origin, deriving from the prehistoric Tweed Volcano , including the Mount Warning shield volcano , and the Focal Peak and Main Range volcanic rocks . Some areas of sedimentary origin include parts of Mount Barney and eastern Lamington national parks. The deeply weathered, mainly basaltic , soils support rainforest and vine thicket ecosystems , as well as rare eucalypt and grassland communities . The area has

360-406: The critically endangered Coxen's fig parrot . Migratory cuckoos can be seen and heard from Spring to Summer. There are many recreational activities for day-trippers , rockclimbers , hikers and nature lovers on the ranges. The concept of the Scenic Rim was first described by Arthur Groom and Romeo Lahey in the 1920s. They were campaigning for the protection of the forests from Main Range to

384-492: The Lamington Plateau. At about the same time the Binna Burra Lodge and O'Reilly's Guesthouse were established as the popularity of the area grew with tourists. 28°07′22″S 153°11′22″E  /  28.12278°S 153.18944°E  / -28.12278; 153.18944 Mountain range Mountain ranges are usually segmented by highlands or mountain passes and valleys . Individual mountains within

408-570: The Scenic Rim, Gondwana Rainforests , are listed as a World Heritage Site , and some are designated Wilderness Areas . A 1,351 km area encompassing the Scenic Rim has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it supports populations of endangered eastern bristlebirds , black-breasted button-quails , rufous scrub-birds , Albert's lyrebirds , pale-yellow robins , paradise riflebirds , green catbirds , regent bowerbirds and Australian logrunners . There are also historical and recent sight records of

432-505: The Scenic Rim, South-East Queensland.The Yugarabul language region includes the landscape within the local government boundaries of Brisbane City Council , Ipswich City Council and the Scenic Rim Regional Council. The Yugembah language areas include Gold Coast, Logan, Scenic Rim, Tweed River Valley, Albert River , Beaudesert , Beenleigh , Coolangatta , Coomera , Logan River , Pimpama and Tamborine , within

456-627: The air descends on the leeward side, it warms again (following the adiabatic lapse rate ) and is drier, having been stripped of much of its moisture. Often, a rain shadow will affect the leeward side of a range. As a consequence, large mountain ranges, such as the Andes, compartmentalize continents into distinct climate regions . Mountain ranges are constantly subjected to erosional forces which work to tear them down. The basins adjacent to an eroding mountain range are then filled with sediments that are buried and turned into sedimentary rock . Erosion

480-485: The east. This mass of rock was removed as the range was actively undergoing uplift. The removal of such a mass from the core of the range most likely caused further uplift as the region adjusted isostatically in response to the removed weight. Rivers are traditionally believed to be the principal cause of mountain range erosion, by cutting into bedrock and transporting sediment. Computer simulation has shown that as mountain belts change from tectonically active to inactive,

504-586: The local government boundaries of the City of Gold Coast , City of Logan , Scenic Rim Regional Council and the Tweed River Valley. The Scenic Rim has been described as one of Queensland's great natural treasure troves. The landscape is visually stunning. The topography is varied and rainfall fairly high, especially in the east. In the west dryer conditions lead to distinct vegetation types, such as dry eucalyptus forest, dominating. The Scenic Rim lies in

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528-552: The park as well as a diverse array of birdlife including the rare Albert's lyrebird . The park is part of the Scenic Rim Important Bird Area , identified as such by BirdLife International because of its importance in the conservation of several species of threatened birds. The Border Ranges contains one of Australia's most diverse range of spider species within its montane rainforests. Two camp grounds (car/camper and walk-in tent camping only) and

552-627: The rate of erosion drops because there are fewer abrasive particles in the water and fewer landslides. Mountains on other planets and natural satellites of the Solar System, including the Moon , are often isolated and formed mainly by processes such as impacts, though there are examples of mountain ranges (or "Montes") somewhat similar to those on Earth. Saturn 's moon Titan and Pluto , in particular, exhibit large mountain ranges in chains composed mainly of ices rather than rock. Examples include

576-531: The same mountain range do not necessarily have the same geologic structure or petrology . They may be a mix of different orogenic expressions and terranes , for example thrust sheets , uplifted blocks , fold mountains, and volcanic landforms resulting in a variety of rock types . Most geologically young mountain ranges on the Earth's land surface are associated with either the Pacific Ring of Fire or

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