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29-566: Schlosstheater Schwetzingen (Schwetzingen palace theater) is a court theater in Schwetzingen , Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The historic building, opened in 1753, is part of Schloss Schwetzingen and since 1952 the principal venue of the Schwetzingen Festival . It is also called Hoftheater (court theater), Hofoper (court opera), and Comoedienhaus (comedy house). The frequently applied name Rokokotheater (Rococo theater)

58-474: A divided shield with a golden lion on the upper half on a black background and on the lower half there is a silver ring on blue background. The city flag is white and blue. The lion symbolizes the Palatine Electorate, of which Schwetzingen was a member until 1803. The ring was originally a wheel originating from the seal of an inhabitant who had contacts to the castle of Schwetzingen. Schwetzingen

87-533: A globally recognised brand. He called the renaming a "secret act without any citizen participation." Sturm found that mentions of the name "Rococo theatre" from the 1920s, showing that the theatre had not received the name in Nazi times. He also submitted a question in the Landtag and organised a petition. On 30 November 2022, the planned renaming was cancelled. The theater is a fitting location for operas and plays from

116-568: Is an advanced technical college for administration of justice, maintained by the state of Baden-Württemberg . The Schlosstheater Schwetzingen , which was built as the Schlosstheatre ("castle theatre") in 1751–1752 by Nicolas de Pigage , is located in the complex of Schloss Schwetzingen, which hosts, among other events, the annual opera and music festival, the Schwetzingen Festival . The theatre fell into disuse by

145-503: Is located in Germany's warmest summer region, the " Rhine shift ". In summer, temperatures sometimes rise up to 35 °C (95 °F) and higher. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is " Cfb " (Marine West Coast Climate/ Oceanic climate ), bordering closely on a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), with summer months often averaging above 21 degrees (71 F). The following municipalities, listed clockwise beginning in

174-562: Is located on three major tourist or theme routes: Enno Poppe Enno Poppe (born 30 December 1969 in Hemer , North Rhine-Westphalia) is a German composer and conductor of classical music, and an academic teacher. Enno Poppe studied composition and conducting at the Hochschule der Künste Berlin with Friedrich Goldmann and Gösta Neuwirth , among others. He studied sound synthesis and algorithmic composition with Heinrich Taube at

203-588: Is misleading, because it shows also neoclassical elements, added in 1762. Karl Theodor , the Pfalzgraf who resided in Mannheim , had the theater built for his summer residence in Schwetzingen in 1752 to the plans of court architect Nicolas de Pigage . It was opened on 15 June 1753, presenting Ignaz Holzbauer 's opera Il figlio delle selve . The theater could then be considered a rococo creation, but

232-488: Is twinned with: Schwetzingen lies relatively favourably between the two autobahns A 5 (with the junction Heidelberg/Schwetzingen) and A 6 (with the junctions Schwetzingen/Hockenheim and Mannheim/Schwetzingen). Schwetzingen station was opened in 1870 on the Rhine Railway , connecting Mannheim and Karlsruhe. Between 1910 and 1938 there was a tramline connecting Schwetzingen and Ketsch , between 1927 and 1973 there

261-489: The Castle to the city of Heidelberg , 10 km away on the horizon, truly a remarkable feat of autocratic landscaping. The curving outbuildings of Schwetzingen inspired the smaller Rococo perfections of Schloss Benrath , with its quarter arcs of matching corps de logis embracing a formal sheet of water, built for Carl Theodor near Düsseldorf , 1756–1770. In 1759 Schwetzingen received permission to host markets and

290-597: The English garden style, with statuary by Peter Anton von Verschaffelt . Also worth seeing are the theatre, the orangery, the bath and various follies , including the temples of Apollo , Mercury and Minerva , the Mosque (built 1778–1791) and the fountain of Arion . The city hall was built in 1821 and expanded in 1889, 1912 and 1919. There are four churches in Schwetzingen: Schwetzingen

319-770: The Schlosstheater . The palace grounds also feature a mosque, the oldest in Germany. Although not functional, it was used by Muslim prisoners in the Franco-Prussian War . Schwetzingen is located in the Rhine - Neckar -triangle in the plain of the Rhine river, lying west of the Odenwald and in the east of the Rhine . A small stream, the Leimbach, runs through the city before joining the Rhine . Schwetzingen

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348-636: The Stone Age . Originally it consisted of two settlements, Ober- and Unterschwetzingen, that grew together in the course of the 17th and 18th century. Originally the town belonged to the diocese of Worms , but later passed to the Counts of the Palatinate in the 12th century. The moated castle of Schwetzingen is mentioned for the first time in 1350. It was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War and in

377-806: The Westdeutscher Rundfunk , the SWR for the Donaueschinger Musiktage and the Bayerischer Rundfunk . Poppe was a Stipendiat of the Villa Massimo in 1995/96, and won an Ernst von Siemens Composers' Prize in 2004. His opera Arbeit Nahrung Wohnung (Work, Nourishment, Lodging) on a libretto of Marcel Beyer was premiered at the Munich Biennale in 2008. Since 2008 Poppe has been a member of

406-565: The Zentrum für Kunst und Medientechnologie in Karlsruhe. Since 1998 he has conducted the ensemble mosaik for contemporary music in Berlin. He taught from 2002 to 2004 at the Hochschule für Musik "Hanns Eisler" . He received commissions from Salzburg Festival , Berliner Festwochen, Ensemble InterContemporain , The Louvre , Junge Deutsche Philharmonie , Ensemble Modern , Klangforum Wien ,

435-585: The Baroque and classical period. Voltaire 's L'orphelin de la Chine was premiered in 1755, his tragedy Olimpie was premiered in 1762, staged by Cosimo Alessandro Collini (1727–1806). Francesca Lebrun , the sister of Franz Danzi , a leading singer of the Mannheim Opera, performed, for example, the part of Parthenia in Anton Schweitzer 's Alceste in Schwetzingen in 1775. Since 1952

464-602: The Hilda Hauptschule , four elementary schools (Grundschule Hirschacker, Johann-Michael-Zeyher Grundschule, Nordstadt-Grundschule and Südstadt-Grundschule) as well as a special school, the Kurt-Waibel-Förderschule. Furthermore there are two vocational schools (Carl-Theodor- and Erhart-Schott-School) and the Comenius -School for mentally handicapped. In the left wing of Schwetzingen's castle there

493-405: The arc of the vast garden circle. They partly enclose the circle bisected by a wide gravel axis flanked by parterres which centers on a spring-fed water-basin inspired by the bassin of Diana at Versailles, but here expressing the more appropriately water-centered Greek myth of the poet Arion and the dolphins. On the other side at the entrance, a mulberry-tree allée stretched from the centre of

522-472: The festival has presented the revival of a Baroque or classical opera. Holzbauer's Il figlio delle selve , which had opened the theater in 1753, was performed 250 years later in 2003. From 1969 the theater has been a venue of the Mozartfest, an annual festival in fall organized by the association Mozartgesellschaft Schwetzingen. Schwetzingen The city is most famous for Schwetzingen Palace and

551-843: The following War of the Palatinate Succession ; it was rebuilt by count Johann Wilhelm and his predecessor. From 1720 it served temporarily as the residence of the Elector Karl III Philip (1716–1742) after he moved away from Heidelberg . Later on it served as a summer residence of the Elector of the Palatinate and their court . Schwetzingen Castle began as a simple aristocratic fishing retreat (much like Versailles and Karlsruhe which began as hunting lodges) and had an eventful architectural history, in several phases of construction, especially during

580-571: The late 19th century, but was renovated in 1937 and given its present name after its Rococo style of architecture and used by the Festival since 1952. Between 1971 and 1974, it was modernized and re-opened with 450 seats for opera and 510 seats for drama. It is the oldest surviving theatre in Europe with boxless circles. Schwetzingen Castle is the city's most famous landmark. Its gardens are also notable, as there are elements of French Baroque and

609-486: The north, border on the city limits of Schwetzingen: Mannheim , Plankstadt , Oftersheim , Hockenheim , Ketsch and Brühl . The municipal area of Schwetzingen is completely consolidated with Oftersheim . The limits of Plankstadt are only separated by one street from the limits of Schwetzingen. Schwetzingen was mentioned as "Suezzingen" for the first time in 766, recorded in the late twelfth-century Codex Aureus of Lorsch , but there are already traces of settlement from

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638-519: The reigns of the Elector Karl III Philip and Karl IV Theodor (1742–1799) who, as their answer to Versailles, embellished the castle gardens with some of the finest and most elaborate formal water parterres in Germany gardens . As it evolved, the high central Baroque block of the Castle was extended to either side (from 1747 onwards) in matching curved ranges of glazed arcades that were punctuated by pavilions which followed

667-531: The theater has been the main venue of the Schwetzinger Festspiele (Schwetzingen Festival), which also presents contemporary operas. More than 35 operas have been commissioned and premiered, including works by Hans Werner Henze , Werner Egk , Udo Zimmermann , Aribert Reimann , Salvatore Sciarrino , Adriana Hölszky , Bernhard Lang , Wolfgang Rihm , Michael Jarrell , Georg Friedrich Haas and Enno Poppe . Premieres have included Each year

696-692: The theater lost its importance. Its original stage machinery was preserved into the 20th century, but it was replaced by modern facilities in the 1950s and again in the 1970s. As part of the Residenz in the Schwetzingen Castle , it first belonged to the Electors, later to Grand Duchy of Baden , then the state Baden-Württemberg . On 10 November 2022, the Baden-Württemberg state administration of palaces and gardens announced that

725-540: The theatre would be renamed the "Pigage-Theatre" on 23 August 2023, the three hundredth birthday of the architect Nicolas de Pigage. The justification for this was that the name "Rococo theatre" only came into use in the Nazi period and is misleading because the theatre contains only a few rococo elements and is mainly neoclassical. Andreas Sturm  [ de ] , a CDU member of the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg opposed this renaming publicly, claiming that it destroyed

754-595: The year 1850 made the city an important seat of cigar factories and canneries. Also, the cultivation of asparagus gained importance and has remained one of Schwetzingen's claims to fame. These figures are estimates only, official census results (¹) or statistics of the resident's registration office. ¹ official census results The local council of Schwetzingen has 26 members since the last elections in June 2009. Elections in May 2014: The coat of arms of Schwetzingen consists of

783-561: Was also a tramline connecting Heidelberg with Schwetzingen. In Schwetzingen the daily newspaper is the "Schwetzinger Zeitung", which is a local newspaper published by the "Mannheimer Morgen". In Schwetzingen there is a district court, a notary's office, an internal revenue service, a customs office and an employment office. The city maintains the Hebel - Gymnasium , the Karl-Friedrich-Schimper- Realschule ,

812-584: Was developed into a baroque city through the 18th century. In 1803 all the territories of the Palatine electorate east of the Rhine , including Schwetzingen were absorbed into the Grand Duchy of Baden and the castle became a residence of the Grand Dukes of Baden. In 1833 Schwetzingen was elevated to city status by Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden . The beginning of industrialization in Schwetzingen in

841-413: Was expanded with early neoclassical tendencies. While it first had no boxes, it was enlarged in 1762, creating a "box-like" impression. It is the oldest surviving Rangtheater (theater with boxless tiers) in Europe. The Mozart family visited the theater in 1763 and saw a play. When Karl Theodor succeeded Maximilian III Joseph of Bavaria as Elector of Bavaria in 1777, the court had to move to Munich and

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