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71-421: The San Pedro, Los Angeles and Utah Railroad was incorporated on October 8, 1887 with the goal to build a line from Rattlesnake Island (renamed Terminal Island by 1897) on the east side of San Pedro Bay to Utah. The same "English syndicate" which had purchased Catalina Island was said to have secured the right-of-way between Los Angeles and Rattlesnake Island in 1889, with plans to have the rail line operated by

142-425: A vertical clearance of 47 ft (14 m). Construction was expected to complete in early 2017, but was delayed to late 2020. Although the vertical clearance is being reduced from 165 feet (50 m) with the 1948 lift bridge raised to 47 feet (14 m) with the replacement fixed bridge, the lift bridge was already unable to accommodate large cargo ship traffic. Work on the replacement bridge began in 2011 and

213-748: A local street. The entire route is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System , and is part of the National Highway System , a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration . The western portion is officially known as part of the Seaside Freeway , which continues to SR 1 via I-710 . However, there are several at-grade intersections along

284-401: A political and social body. On January 26, 1918, their efforts were rewarded with a completed assembly hall for the community. The Hall's grand opening saw lots of local coverage, and even a sumo mound! The community saw some major political activism at the time as well, particularly combatting anti-Japanese racism. One such example was the actions of Kihei Nasu (a bilingual intellectual) that

355-578: A replacement bridge. That replacement bridge was completed in 1924 as the Badger Avenue Bridge (later renamed to Henry Ford Bridge), a double-leaf bascule bridge wide enough to accommodate two railroad tracks and two lanes for road traffic. The 1908 bridge was moved to Washington State in 1934, where it is still in use as a bridge for BNSF Railway over the Cowlitz River near its mouth at Longview . Despite these early rail bridges,

426-573: A road bridge was keenly desired by residents of Terminal Island, who had asked for a wagon bridge in 1894 and again in 1906. 1924 also saw work begin on a Naval Air Base San Pedro at Terminal Island . Port traffic continued to increase and the United States Navy began to expand its presence on Terminal Island in the early 1940s, including an expanded air base. Expansion plans for the Navy called for more workers than could be accommodated over

497-610: A state highway. In the 1964 renumbering , the Industrial Freeway became Route 47, and the former East By-Pass became Route 241. The latter was deleted the next year, and the former was extended west from its south end on Terminal Island to San Pedro , replacing part of SR 7 , which was truncated to SR 1 in Long Beach at the same time. ( I-710 , which later replaced SR 7, has since been re-extended to SR 47 on Terminal Island.) This extension, which had been added to

568-545: Is a largely artificial island located in Los Angeles County, California , between the neighborhoods of Wilmington and San Pedro in the city of Los Angeles , and the city of Long Beach . Terminal Island is roughly split between the Port of Los Angeles and Port of Long Beach . Land use on the island is entirely industrial and port-related except for Federal Correctional Institution, Terminal Island . The island

639-516: The 2000 census . The Port of Los Angeles and the Port of Long Beach are the major landowners on the island, who in turn lease much of their land for container terminals and bulk terminals. The island also hosts canneries , shipyards , and United States Coast Guard facilities. The Federal Correctional Institution, Terminal Island , which began operating in 1938, hosts more than 900 low security federal prisoners. The Long Beach Naval Shipyard , decommissioned in 1997, occupied roughly half of

710-485: The Ford Motor Company built a facility called Long Beach Assembly , having moved earlier operations from Downtown Los Angeles. The factory remained until 1958 when manufacturing operations were moved inland to Pico Rivera . In 1927, a civilian facility, Allen Field, was established on Terminal Island. The Naval Reserve established a training center at the field and later took complete control, designating

781-696: The Gerald Desmond Bridge and becomes Interstate 710 , with access to downtown Long Beach . State maintenance begins again on the Terminal Island Freeway, which is also signed as State Route 103 . After a partial interchange with New Dock Street, only allowing access to and from the north, SR 47 crosses the Cerritos Channel on the Schuyler Heim Bridge , a lift bridge opened in 1948. Just beyond

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852-497: The Long Beach Naval Shipyard was located on the island, the U.S. Navy paid for the construction of the $ 14 million freeway from the island to Willow Street, including the $ 5.3 million Schuyler Heim Lift Bridge . Construction began in early 1946, and the completed link was dedicated on January 10, 1948, replacing the older Henry Ford Bridge . Early plans also included a north–south freeway on each side of

923-748: The Los Angeles Central Business District , splitting at the merge of the Harbor Parkway (Harbor Freeway) and Venice Parkway northeast of the University of Southern California , and rejoining at the split between the Arroyo Seco Parkway (Pasadena Freeway) and Riverside Parkway south of Dodger Stadium . Initially known as the East By-Pass and West By-Pass, the latter later became part of

994-643: The Pearl Harbor naval base in Hawaii was attacked in a surprise air raid by the Japanese Navy, which affected the United States’ relationships with Japan and its citizens.  As U.S.-Japanese relations frayed further in the late 1930s and early 1940s, nativist organizations raised new questions about the loyalty of Japanese Americans living in the country. On February 19, 1942, two months after

1065-537: The Santa Fe . However, the Los Angeles Terminal Railway , which had purchased Rattlesnake Island and the right-of-way by 1890, was the first to build tracks on the island, completing the line along the western and northern sides of the island to Long Beach on November 7, 1891, as the start of a planned transcontinental route. The line included a 1,000-foot-long (300 m) pile bridge spanning

1136-713: The Santa Monica Freeway ( I-10 ) near downtown Los Angeles . State Route 47 begins at the south end of the Harbor Freeway ( I-110 ) in the Los Angeles neighborhood of San Pedro and heads east to the Vincent Thomas Bridge , with only one interchange — at Harbor Boulevard — before the 1963 suspension bridge over the main channel of Los Angeles Harbor . After coming back to ground level on Terminal Island , SR 47 becomes

1207-942: The Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation ( Todd Pacific ) in Puget Sound and Bethlehem's own San Francisco yards ( Union Iron Works ). In 1943, Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company became Todd Pacific Shipyards, Los Angeles Division . Also in the Port of Los Angeles (but not on the Island) was the Wilmington yard of Consolidated Steel . In 1946, Howard Hughes moved his monstrous Spruce Goose airplane from his plant in Culver City to Terminal Island in preparation for its test flight. In its first and only flight, it took off from

1278-519: The Gardena Freeway/SR 91 interchange) - with two-way connector ramps. The one major at-grade intersection here is the split with Santa Fe Avenue north of Del Amo Boulevard, just south of the underpass where Alameda Street moves from the east to the west side of the rail line. (Before the corridor was built, the crossover was further south, at Dominguez Street, halfway between Carson Street and Del Amo Boulevard.) North of Artesia Boulevard,

1349-609: The Harbor Parkway, while the former remained as a separate route roughly along Main Street . The state legislature added the East By-Pass to the state highway system in 1947 as Route 222. The Los Angeles City Planning Commission approved a revised master plan in mid-1955, based on various studied that had been made. A new Industrial Freeway replaced the Terminal Island Freeway and Alamitos Parkway between Terminal Island and downtown Los Angeles, where it then continued north along

1420-658: The Heim Bridge is a rail bridge called the Henry Ford Bridge , or the Badger Avenue Bridge. State Route 47 (California) State Route 47 ( SR 47 ) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California , connecting Terminal Island to the mainland in the Los Angeles area . From its south end at I-110 in San Pedro , it heads east across the Vincent Thomas Bridge to the island and

1491-627: The Henry Ford Bridge, so the Navy commissioned a new road bridge in 1941. Construction on the bridge began in 1946. The Chief Engineer for the project until October 1947 was H. E. Wilson. The bridge was named in honor of Commodore Schuyler Franklin Heim, who was in command of the Naval Air Station on Terminal Island in 1942. The state of California took over operation of the bridge from the city of Los Angeles in 1964. As of 1988,

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1562-491: The Japanese Americans who were interned began getting released.  They thought that they were going back to the homes and the community they had built, however, they were completely destroyed. It was the only community where the built environment had vanished almost completely. They were given $ 25 and a ticket home, but they returned to nothing and were forced to relocate.  The Navy was responsible for razing

1633-483: The Los Angeles Board of Harbor Commissioners approved a preservation plan. The trust cited the site as one of ten historic sites saved in 2013. The west half of the island is part of the San Pedro area of the city of Los Angeles , while the rest is part of the city of Long Beach . The island has a land area of 11.56 km (4.46 sq mi), or 2,854 acres (11.55 km ), and had a population of 1,467 at

1704-704: The Los Angeles-maintained Seaside Avenue and Long Beach-maintained Ocean Boulevard. (A freeway upgrade of the latter was completed in June 2007, but traffic signals remain on the former and on the ramps connecting Ocean Boulevard with the Terminal Island Freeway.) Early maps show that the Terminal Island Freeway was to extend north to the Long Beach Freeway ( I-710 ) near the San Diego Freeway ( I-405 ), but

1775-591: The adopted alignment to the east, and in 1984 the legislature created State Route 103 to replace the former alignment on the Terminal Island Freeway between SR 47 and the Pacific Coast Highway ( SR 1 ). Due to the cancellation of the Industrial Freeway and planned port expansions, the Alameda Corridor project was created, including an improved rail line and a widening of Alameda Street from four to six lanes south of SR 91. Alameda Street

1846-561: The attack, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066 .  The order authorized the removal of all people deemed a threat to national security from the West Coast to one of the ten relocation camps across the nation. Immediately after Executive Order 9066 was authorized, Japanese Americans of Terminal Island were among the first groups to be forcibly removed from their homes.  Japanese men were

1917-459: The bridge was being raised frequently, about 8,500 times per year. The State Route 47 Schuyler Heim Bridge Replacement project replaced the liftspan portion of the original bridge with a fixed-span bridge . The replacement bridge has a total of six lanes for vehicular traffic, three in each direction, and span 3 ⁄ 4 mile (1.2 km). The new bridge will allow for a permanently navigable shipping channel, 180 ft (55 m) wide with

1988-558: The bridge, SR 47 leaves the freeway, which continues northeast as SR 103, onto Henry Ford Avenue, and state maintenance ends. The remainder of what is signed as SR 47, along Henry Ford Avenue and Alameda Street to the Gardena Freeway ( SR 91 ), is locally maintained. Henry Ford Avenue quickly crosses the Dominguez Channel and Anaheim Street, and merges with Alameda Street, which continues southwest into Wilmington as

2059-711: The company's launch area in Florida or Texas by sea, via the Panama Canal . The 19 acres (7.7 ha) site was used for shipbuilding from 1918, and was formerly operated by the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation and then the Southwest Marine Shipyard. The location has been disused since 2005. Terminal Island is connected to the mainland via four bridges. To the west, the distinctive green Vincent Thomas Bridge ,

2130-430: The crowded Interstate 710 freeway. Due to the large amount of heavy truck traffic over the bridge, the deck was subject to excessive wear. The deck was completely replaced in 1997 but was still under extreme distress. The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) installed eight experimental fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) panels and attached sensors to test stress, load bearing, and temperature variations of

2201-428: The east side for the rest of the route to Anaheim Street in Wilmington. There trucks could turn east and south to Terminal Island via Henry Ford Avenue, or continue southwest through Wilmington to San Pedro. The highway soon came to be known as Alameda Street all the way to Wilmington. It did not become a state highway; instead the state took over Figueroa Street ( SR 11 ) to the west and Atlantic Avenue ( SR 15 ) to

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2272-525: The east. Plans for freeways in Los Angeles County evolved from a 1937 Automobile Club of Southern California plan, which was modified by the city's Transportation Engineering Board (TEB) in 1939. The former included a single freeway connecting Los Angeles to Long Beach, beginning at Pasadena and heading south-southwest to Lynwood , then paralleling Long Beach Boulevard to Long Beach. The TEB's plan shifted this route farther east to near

2343-519: The end of state maintenance. The state highway begins again at the junction with I-710 on Terminal Island, crossing the Schuyler Heim Bridge north to the mainland and the second terminus, where SR 103 begins. Signage continues along a locally maintained route, mainly Alameda Street , to the Gardena Freeway ( SR 91 ) in Compton , and an unconstructed alignment follows the same corridor to

2414-646: The field Naval Air Base San Pedro (also called Reeves Field). In 1941, the Long Beach Naval Station was located adjacent to the airfield. In 1942, the Naval Reserve Training Facility was transferred, and a year later NAB San Pedro's status was downgraded to a Naval Air Station (NAS Terminal Island). Reeves Field as a Naval Air Station was disestablished in 1947, although the adjacent Long Beach Naval Station continued to use Reeves Field as an auxiliary airfield until

2485-472: The first taken into custody. They were put on trains and could not see where they were being taken, because the blinds were drawn. Residents were only given 48 hours to evacuate their homes and forced to leave everything they owned behind and relocate to the detention centers. Everyone was ordered to leave Terminal Island, even if they were not Japanese, because the United States military took control of

2556-505: The fishermen had the ability to contact enemy vessels with their boats, radios, and equipment. The FBI raided the homes of the Japanese Americans and searched for contraband which included, radios, flashlights, cameras, and morse code telegraph machines. Out of the ten relocation camps, Manzanar in the Owens Valley was where most Terminal Island residents were incarcerated.            In 1945, many of

2627-581: The fixed trestle span with a drawbridge in September 1906. The location for the new drawbridge was set in May 1907, and the first piles were driven in December 1907. The bridge was completed in 1908 as a Scherzer Rolling Lift Bridge. As port traffic increased, plans to widen Cerritos Slough to 1,000 feet (300 m) were advanced in 1914, connecting the Port of Los Angeles to the Port of Long Beach . However,

2698-767: The former East By-Pass (which was not kept south of the Santa Monica Freeway ) and the southern part of the Riverside Parkway to the interchange of the Glendale Freeway and Golden State Freeway (which had replaced the rest of the Riverside Parkway). The Industrial Freeway south of the Santa Monica Freeway became Route 270 in 1959, but the ex-Riverside Parkway piece north of the Arroyo Seco Parkway never became

2769-519: The fourth-longest suspension bridge in California, connects it with the Los Angeles neighborhood of San Pedro . The Long Beach International Gateway , the longest cable-stayed bridge in California, connects the island with downtown Long Beach to the east. The Commodore Schuyler F. Heim Bridge joins Terminal Island with the Los Angeles neighborhood of Wilmington to the north. Adjacent to

2840-478: The gap on Terminal Island, and Alameda Street is a surface roadway, albeit one with few intersections, as it runs alongside the Alameda Corridor rail line. The part of Alameda Street rebuilt during the Alameda Corridor project begins here, and the roadway passes under all cross streets - Pacific Coast Highway ( SR 1 ), Sepulveda Boulevard , 223rd Street (at the San Diego Freeway / I-405 interchange), Carson Street, Del Amo Boulevard, and Artesia Boulevard (at

2911-552: The homes and structures of the Japanese Americans of Terminal Island.            In 1971, twenty-three Japanese Americans who were former residents of Terminal Island established a new group called the Terminal Islanders. It was established in an effort to preserve the essence of their beloved community.  In 2002, a memorial was established on Terminal Island by surviving second generation citizens to honor their Issei parents and preserve

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2982-615: The hopes of creating a community there, but after their town was burned to the ground in 1916, they found their home at Terminal Island. Growing fishing interests in San Pedro's White Point and Terminal Island led many Japanese to become sought after due to their skill as fishermen, and connections to the canning industry. The first major sign of the community's forming came in the form of the Southern California Japanese Fishermen's Association (SCJFA),

3053-511: The island on November 2, 1947. Brotherhood Raceway Park , a 1 ⁄ 4 mile drag racing strip, opened in 1974 on former US Navy land. It operated, with many interruptions, until finally closing in 1995 to be replaced by a coal-handling facility. Preservation of vacant buildings earned the island a spot on the top 11 sites on the National Trust for Historic Preservation 's 2012 Most Endangered Historic Places List. In mid-2013,

3124-659: The island. Sea Launch maintains docking facilities on the mole that was part of the naval station. Aerospace company SpaceX is initially leasing 12.4 acres (5.0 ha) from the Port of Los Angeles on the island at Berth 240. They will refurbish five buildings and raise a tent-like structure for research, design, and manufacturing. SpaceX has been building and testing its planned Starship crewed space transportation system intended for suborbital, orbital and interplanetary flight in Texas. The new SpaceX rocket, too large to be transported for long distances overland, will be shipped to

3195-532: The land. Terminal Island was a fishing village, located next to a United States Navy facility, which ultimately resulted in the Japanese Americans becoming fishermen. As a result of their occupation and location, they were accused of being spies for the Japanese army through the use of depth meters and fishing equipment, prior to the attack. The Justice Department and the Office of Naval Intelligence claimed that

3266-449: The late 1990s. A large industrial facility now covers the site of the former Naval Air Station. Starting in 1906, a thriving Japanese American fishing community became established on Terminal Island in an area known as East San Pedro or Fish Island. Because of the island's relative geographical isolation, its inhabitants developed their own culture and even their own dialect. The dialect, known as "kii-shu ben" (or "Terminal Island lingo"),

3337-529: The locally maintained Seaside Avenue at the interchange with Ferry Street, where there was a toll plaza until 2000. The freeway ends just beyond at Navy Way, after which the road enters Long Beach and becomes Ocean Boulevard, which was rebuilt as a freeway in 2007. However, SR 47 must exit the freeway onto its frontage roads , intersecting Henry Ford Avenue before turning north onto the Terminal Island Freeway . Ocean Boulevard leads east over

3408-560: The location for SR 47 adopted by the California Highway Commission on January 22, 1969 led northwest from the Terminal Island Freeway's end at Carson Street to I-405 near Alameda Street, and then paralleled that street into Los Angeles. A 1982 state law specified that SR 47 shall use Henry Ford Avenue and Alameda Street between the Heim Bridge and the Redondo Beach Freeway ( SR 91 ), rather than

3479-426: The memory of their Furusato, which means hometown. Terminal Island is now protected under a perseveration plan established by the Los Angeles Board of Harbor Commissioners, so the struggle and history are not forgotten. During World War II, Terminal Island was an important center for defense industries, especially shipbuilding; the first California Shipbuilding Corporation shipyard was established there in 1941. It

3550-506: The most popular aspects of life for the youth. Finally, interethnic relationships were quite strong among the Japanese and other ethnicities, particularly local white cannery owners. One such person, Wilbur F. Wood, was very often seen as very kind towards the Japanese Americans, especially realizing their strength as fishermen. Tensions did brew however between local unions, but this was nothing new in American history. On December 7, 1941,

3621-737: The mouth of the Los Angeles River , near the present site of the Gerald Desmond Bridge . Since the trestle bridge effectively blocked marine traffic from passing through the east end of Cerritos Slough, the War Department ordered the Salt Lake Railroad to demolish it in 1906. Although a 3,300-foot-long (1,000 m) tunnel was proposed as a replacement in February 1907, the Salt Lake had already applied to replace

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3692-572: The new plant was on a barren mudflat known as Rattlesnake Island, today's Terminal Island in the San Pedro Bay . Construction of Plant No. 1 began in 1910. The land area of Terminal Island has been supplemented considerably from its original size. In 1909 the city of Los Angeles annexed the city of Wilmington. During this time the "Father of the Harbor" Phineas Banning , held deed to roughly 18 acres of land on Rattlesnake Island. Phineas Banning

3763-464: The originally-planned alignment to Alameda Street south of I-405. Except where prefixed with a letter, postmiles were measured on the road as it was in 1964 , based on the alignment that existed at the time, and do not necessarily reflect current mileage. R reflects a realignment in the route since then, M indicates a second realignment, L refers to an overlap due to a correction or change, and T indicates postmiles classified as temporary ( for

3834-471: The panels to determine their effectiveness as a permanent replacement. Chicago-based engineering firm CTLGroup installed strain gages and thermocouples within the layers of the FRP. Each month, technicians perform a remote static load test of the bridge, providing direction to onsite Caltrans staff while monitoring real-time data from the firm's Chicago office. Terminal Island Terminal Island , historically known as Isla Raza de Buena Gente ,

3905-501: The port. This roadway, which lay about halfway between Wilmington Avenue and Long Beach Boulevard , extended the existing Alameda Street, which ran along—to Slauson Avenue —and then west of the Southern Pacific Railroad 's San Pedro Branch to Oris Street, the north limit of Compton. The truck boulevard continued along the west side to Dominguez Street (lying between the SP's San Pedro Branch and Pacific Electric Railway 's Dominguez Line beyond Dominguez Junction), and crossed there to

3976-445: The present Long Beach Freeway , while keeping the route near Long Beach Boulevard as a second freeway leaving the Ramona Parkway (San Bernardino Freeway) east of downtown and heading south near Alameda Street and Long Beach Boulevard to Long Beach. This second freeway came to be known as the Long Beach Parkway or Alamitos Parkway, and connected in north Long Beach with a Terminal Island Freeway southwest to Terminal Island . Because

4047-523: The rail line curves northeast out of the trench, and the two roadways join to become a single Alameda Street, which soon interchanges with the Santa Monica Freeway ( I-10 ), at the north end of what is legislated as Route 47. The street continues north through the east side of downtown Los Angeles , crossing the Santa Ana Freeway ( US 101 ) just west of Union Station , and ending soon after at Elmyra Street, where it becomes Spring Street. The Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors decided in mid-1916, at

4118-541: The rail line descends into the 10-mile (16 km) Mid-Corridor Trench , with two streets straddling it at ground level: Alameda Street to the west and a local frontage road to the east. All cross streets are thus grade-separated from the rail line while intersecting the streets at grade, except for Rosecrans Avenue, which bridges over all three. Crossings along this segment include the Century Freeway ( I-105 , no access), Imperial Highway , Firestone Boulevard (former SR 42 ), and Slauson Avenue . Just south of 25th Street,

4189-439: The report was not delivered in person to Congress , it reveals the challenges the community faced and their persistence in fighting back. The lands of Fish Harbor were owned by the City of Los Angeles , and leased out to the respective canning companies, who in turn, built workers housing. The workers’ houses were often small wooden abodes of the same make & model, that were very cramped/close-quartered. The main thoroughfare

4260-417: The state highway system in 1949 as part of Route 231 , included the 1963 Vincent Thomas Bridge . Construction on the $ 5.8 million freeway link from that bridge west to the Harbor Freeway in San Pedro—officially the Seaside Freeway, but called an extension of the Harbor Freeway by the media—began in March 1968, and it was dedicated on July 9, 1970. The two parts of SR 47 were, and still are, connected by

4331-406: The urging of the Harbor Truck Highway Association (formed mid-1914), to build a Harbor Truck Boulevard stretching about 10 miles (16 km) between Los Angeles and Compton , intended to be used by trucks to the Port of Los Angeles at San Pedro . After that portion was completed, an extension to Wilmington was opened on February 2, 1924, resulting in a completely independent truck route to

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4402-444: The widened channel would require the newly-renamed Salt Lake Railroad to move its tracks on Terminal Island and remove its 1908 bridge. After several years of negotiation, a compromise was reached. After widening, the waterway was renamed Cerritos Channel. As part of the compromise, in exchange for Salt Lake moving its tracks and ceding land to accommodate the widened channel, the city took on obligations to reconstruct wharves and build

4473-417: Was Tuna Street, which was where many local businesses were housed. The businesses themselves were so communally driven that they would look out for the interests of the community before seeking profit/competition. As noted above, fishing was integral to local ways of life, with the men being absent from family life for weeks or even months at a time. Women and young children often worked in the canneries , which

4544-460: Was a mix of English and the dialect of Kii Province , where many residents hailed from. Prior to World War II, the island was home to about 3,500 first- and second-generation Japanese Americans. Like many Japanese immigrants, the initial settlers who came to America were Dekasegi , immigrants who intended to work short time in the U.S. and then return to Japan with their built-up coffers. Many of these immigrants first arrived in Santa Monica with

4615-417: Was also, therefore, one of the first places where African Americans tried to effect their integration into defense-related work on the West Coast. The San Pedro yard of Bethlehem Steel was also located on the Island. 26 destroyers were built there following the mobilization of the warship industry by the Two-Ocean Navy Act of July 1940. The yard was the third largest of the kind on the West Coast, behind

4686-411: Was finished in September 2020. The deck of the bridge was an open grid design to decrease weight and ease lifting of the bridge to allow ship traffic to pass underneath. The bridge used >400-short-ton (360-metric-ton) counterweights to lift the deck span portion to allow tall-masted vessels underneath. State Route 47 and the connecting State Route 103 are heavily used by trucks to bypass part of

4757-526: Was hired by the SCJFA to write a report refuting recent attempts by Senator James D. Phelan of California that the Japanese were driving out American fishermen. According to Nasu, if the Japanese were cornering the market: If the Japanese, who are only one-third of the fishermen, are driving out American fishermen, but do not only not drive out the other foreign fishermen but are actually outnumbered two to one by them? The statement of Senator Phelan seems so illogical that it should fall of its own weight. While

4828-419: Was instrumental in bringing innovative changes to San Pedro Bay and made the first steps towards expansion. Once annexed with the city of Los Angeles the expansion was completed. In the late 1920s, Deadman's Island in the main channel of the Port of Los Angeles was dynamited and dredged away, and the resulting rubble was used to add 62 acres (0.097 sq mi) to Terminal Island's southern tip. In 1930,

4899-432: Was often grueling work, needing to be done as soon as the fishermen arrived with their catch. For the children, schooling was the most important aspect of life, with the Kibei Nisei (roughly translating to returning Nisei)—who were sent away for education in Japan, returned with the most opportunities. Cultural infusions were becoming very popular, with the Skippers (the local baseball team) and Kendo (a martial art) being

4970-404: Was originally called Isla Raza de Buena Gente and later Rattlesnake Island. It was renamed Terminal Island in 1891. In 1909, the newly reincorporated Southern California Edison Company decided to build a new steam station to provide reserve capacity and emergency power for the entire Edison system and to enable Edison to shut down some of its small, obsolete steam plants. The site chosen for

5041-459: Was rebuilt for the project, with grade separations at most major streets south of SR 91, and is now signed as part of SR 47 there, but remains mostly four lanes. As part of a project to replace the Heim Bridge, Caltrans and the Alameda Corridor Transportation Authority plan to improve the connection near the south end of Alameda Street, possibly by building a new expressway replacement for SR 47 south of SR 1, or by extending SR 103 northwest via

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