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58-509: The original Search Bloc was created in 1986 by President Virgilio Barco with the sole objective of apprehending drug lord Pablo Escobar and his associates. Its original commander was Colonel Hugo Martinez . Over 600 Search Bloc members received training from the Colombian army and were specially selected to be impervious to police corruption from the drug cartels . Throughout its mission, Search Bloc faced many obstacles, including

116-531: A spy within the group. There were claims that the Search Bloc collaborated with anti-Escobar vigilante groups such as Los Pepes , including vigilantism in the suspicious deaths of Escobar's subordinates. Escobar was killed on December 2, 1993, in a shootout with members of the Search Bloc. After dismantling the Medellín Cartel , the Search Bloc was transferred to Cali to locate and shut down

174-647: A cabinet member, usually the Minister of the Interior . According to the Constitution of Colombia of 1991, in the event that the vice president is absent, Congress must meet by its own right or by convocation of the President , in order to choose who would be the next person to occupy this position. Francia Márquez is the 13th and current vice president of Colombia. She is the first Afro-Colombian and

232-457: A constitutional amendment repealed the 2004 changes and reverted to the original one-term limit. The inauguration of the President is made up of various ceremonies and traditions carried out on August 7 every four years. Through democratic elections or coups, resignations and deaths, presidential inaugurations have been important events in the history of Colombia, which at the same time mark

290-417: A counterweight to the president. That is why Reyes, in his authoritarian desire, ended the figure of the vice presidency in 1905, at the same time that he ordered the closure of Congress. Faced with a possible lack of the first president, it was the ministers who had to choose his replacement, despite the fact that the constitutional order returned with the resignation of Rafael Reyes in 1810, the vice presidency

348-532: A gang of former paramilitaries. The original Search Bloc was featured prominently in the Netflix original series Narcos , which portrays the rise and fall of Pablo Escobar. In the series, the Search Bloc is headed by a character named Colonel Horacio Carrillo, who critics have claimed is loosely based on Colonel Hugo Martínez ; however, Martínez is introduced as a separate character in Season 2. The Search Bloc

406-571: Is described that the president has the function of directing the public force and disposing of it as Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. of the Republic. The Executive Branch is responsible for executing, in a coordinated manner, all the administrative activities that are at the service of the general interests of the community for the fulfillment of the essential purposes of the State . It

464-492: Is represented by the President of the Republic, who symbolizes national unity , is the head of state , head of government and supreme administrative authority. The National Government is formed by the President of the Republic, the ministers of the office and the directors of administrative departments. The President and the corresponding Minister or Director of the Department, in each particular business, constitute

522-598: Is that of a lawyer. The president and vice president serve a term of office of four years after being elected by popular vote . Since 2015, the president is barred from running for reelection, even for a nonconsecutive term. From 1910 to 2005, the president was limited to a single term. However, on 24 November 2005, the Colombian Congress introduced the Electoral Guarantees Law (Ley de Garantias Electorales), which modified Article 152, of

580-578: Is the house where the Colombian president receives international guests. Likewise, the President has the Hato Grande country estate, located in Sopó , Cundinamarca as a resting place, which belonged to General Francisco de Paula Santander and was later acquired by the businessman from Antioquia Pepe Sierra , whose family donated it to the national government. When traveling within Colombia or abroad,

638-617: Is the role of the president as Commander-in-Chief of the Colombian Military Forces . The power to declare war is constitutionally vested in Congress, but the president has ultimate responsibility for the direction and disposition of the armed forces . The exact degree of authority that the Constitution grants to the president as commander in chief has been ratified in article 189 of the Constitution , where it

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696-546: The Cali Cartel . The Search Bloc was revived in 2004 to root out cocaine and heroin traffickers in southwest Colombia. The new Search Bloc was tasked with taking apart the Norte del Valle cartel and arresting its leader, Diego León Montoya Sánchez , which it did successfully in 2007. In 2007, the Colombian government again ordered the creation of a new Search Bloc against the Águilas Negras , or Black Eagles, classified as

754-611: The Casa de Nariño . Since 1958 it was given to the Presidential Guard Battalion, a sui generis organization in the National Army , with a representation of the four arms and its units were called Infantry , Cavalry , Artillery and Engineers . Vice President of Colombia The vice president of Colombia ( Vice president of the Republic ) is the second-highest officer in the executive branch of

812-699: The Colombian Constitution of 1991 and allowed a president to run for a second term. The President or Vice President running for re-election was required to formally notify the National Electoral Council and guarantee a fair competition for the other contenders. Participation of acting officials in political proselytism was standardized. Presidents or vice presidents not running for office were barred from participating on political proselytism. If one or both were running, they could only engage in political activity four months before

870-407: The Constitution of 1832, which changed the rules for the vice-presidency, because, taking into account what happened between Santander and Bolívar, it was established that vice president be elected two years later. of the president. This alternate election, which allowed the vice president to be there for two administrations , was proposed to avoid rivalries. In addition, it was established that

928-512: The Constitution of 1858 , of a liberal nature , the questioned figure was knocked down and three appointees were given the opportunity to replace the president in his absence. Given the liberal intention of having a restricted Executive power, the figure of the vice president did not fit into the Colombian order , for which reason it only came to be rescued in 1886, with the regeneration. The new conservative constitution once again brought

986-748: The National Government is formed by the president of Colombia, the vice president of Colombia , the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Colombia and the Directors of the Administrative Departments of Colombia . Any official from these entities constitute the Government of Colombia in any particular business. Any act by the president of Colombia, in order to be legal and enforceable, must be sanctioned by any of

1044-447: The executive branch of Colombia . The president must be a natural-born citizen of Colombia, at least 30 years of age. The Constitution of Colombia requires the president to meet the same eligibility requirements as the president that can be re-elected. Individuals are eligible to serve an unlimited number of terms as president. The modern presidential campaign begins before primary elections, which political parties use to clear

1102-558: The ministries or department directors, who will also be held responsible for the act. The only exception is if the president appoints or removes ministers, administrative departments' directors and any other officials appointed by him under his administrative authority. Governors of the Departments of Colombia , mayors of Municipalities of Colombia , as well as regional superintendents of Colombia, public establishments and industrial and commercial state owned enterprises, are all part of

1160-569: The national flag , currently the presidential sash consists of the colors of the flag in the same order with the only difference that it consists of the coat of arms in the central part, emulating the presidential flag Currently the official residence of the Colombian president is the Casa de Nariño . While in office, the president has the right to use its facilities and personnel, including medical care, recreation, domestic services, and security services. The first presidential palace where Simón Bolívar dispatched after Independence of Colombia

1218-521: The national government , after the president of Colombia , and ranks first in the presidential line of succession . The vice president is indirectly elected together with the president to a four-year term of office by the people of Colombia through the Popular Vote . Since the passage of the Article 102 Amendment (in 1991) to the Colombian Constitution , the vice president may also be appointed by

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1276-503: The primary elections . Also, if the president and/or vice president were running for office, they could participate in their political party 's selection mechanism to postulate candidates. In 2010, the Constitutional Court of Colombia threw out a planned referendum to allow presidents to run for three consecutive terms. It ruled that Colombian presidents could only serve two terms, even if they are nonconsecutive. In 2015,

1334-473: The Admirable Congress was convened to draft a new constitution that sought to govern a Gran Colombia that was already disintegrating. The Constitution of 1830 returned to resume the figure of the vice president and was even sanctioned by the vice president in charge at that time, General Domingo Caycedo . This text did not last long before the disintegration of Gran Colombia and gave way to

1392-557: The Constituent Congress of Bolivia , Bolívar hinted at the differences that separated him from his former comrade in arms: "The vice president must be the purest man: the reason is that if the Prime Magistrate does not elect a very upright citizen should fear him as a bitter enemy; and suspect even of his secret ambitions. This vice president must strive to deserve his good services the credit he needs to perform

1450-673: The Government. The responsibility of judging the president of the republic is found in the Supreme Court of Justice , the main body in the event that the president is taken to Political Trial, within the actions of the Supreme Court there will be 7 of which are, Judge the President of the Republic or whoever acts in his place and the senior officials referred to in article 174, for any punishable act imputed to them, in accordance with article 175 numerals 2 and 3. it requires

1508-564: The National Unity, and after taking an oath to the Constitution of Colombia and swearing to defend and protect the nation's laws, he is charged to guarantee and protect the rights and liberties of all Colombian nationals. The Administrative Department of the Presidency of Colombia has the commission to assist or support the president of Colombia on its constitutional mandated functions and legal issues. Article 115 states that

1566-449: The President of the Republic uses the presidential plane identified with the registration FAC 0001 , (a Boeing 737 Business Jet BBJ class). The president also uses two helicopters in VIP configuration, a Bell 412 with the registration FAC 0004 and a UH-60 Black Hawk with the registration FAC 0007. On December 7, 1927, President Miguel Abadía Méndez signed a decree officially founding

1624-600: The Presidential Guard. On August 16, 1928, the battalion was given its current name, with its first commander being Lieutenant Colonel Roberto Perea Sanclemente. Memorable actions of this battalion are remembered such as the protection given to the president during the violent acts of the Bogotazo (April 9, 1948) and during the Palace of Justice Siege on November 6, 1985. Resolution 3446 of August 17, 1955, created

1682-527: The Republic ) is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Colombia . The president heads the executive branch of the national government and is the commander-in-chief of the Military Forces of Colombia . The power of the presidency has grown substantially since the first president, Simón Bolívar , took office in 1819. While presidential power has waxed and waned over time,

1740-487: The absence of Simón Bolívar , Santander was in charge of legally organizing the nascent country and organized the administration of justice . Likewise, he promoted education , of a Lancasterian nature, and fought to remove the monopoly of education from the Catholic Church . The Santanderist measures were not to the liking of Simón Bolívar , who classified them as an abuse of power. In 1826, in his speech before

1798-519: The advice of the minister of foreign affairs , become binding with the force of national law. While foreign affairs have always been an important element of presidential responsibilities, technological advances since the adoption of the Constitution have increased presidential power. Where previously ambassadors were vested with significant power by the president to negotiate independently on Colombia's behalf, presidents now routinely meet directly with leaders of foreign countries. As head of state ,

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1856-409: The beginning of new eras. The presidential sash is considered symbolic , which determines the figure of the president, there are no official records, but the first presidential sash was introduced by Antonio Nariño , who simulated the decoration sash of order , over the years it has had different designs being one of the most characteristic, its first design that only consisted of the 3 colors of

1914-428: The field of candidates before their national nominating conventions, where the most successful candidate is the party's or coalition's presidential candidate. In general, the presidential candidate of the party or, failing that, the coalition of parties chooses a candidate for the vice-presidency, generally being the second with the highest number of votes in the convention. The most common previous profession of presidents

1972-443: The figure of the vice president to the Colombian legal system. Rafael Núñez took advantage of this figure to get himself elected and leave his vice president in power. The first on this list was Eliseo Payan , who was vice president in 1886, but he was promptly removed due to his closeness to liberal federalist ideas, which clashed with the thought of regeneration. The position was assumed by Miguel Antonio Caro , who for many

2030-561: The first magistracy at the age of 84 and had the bad luck that during his tenure the War of the Thousand Days. Given the weakness of the government, Vice President José Manuel Marroquín was encouraged by the conservatives themselves to launch a coup, which occurred on July 31, 1900. Marroquín was succeeded by Rafael Reyes . At that time, the position of the vice presidency was respected and had great political value, which even served as

2088-541: The head of the Governing Council. The first presidency was in the hands of Simón Bolívar , while Francisco de Paula Santander was appointed as vice president. the different visions of the State -one of law and the other of dictatorship. While Bolívar carried out the southern campaign -in which the freedom of Ecuador , Peru and Bolivia was achieved-, Santander assumed the full powers of the presidency. In

2146-451: The highest functions and expect the great national reward: the supreme command " Santander held power until 1827, when Simón Bolívar returned from his campaigns. Almost a year later, and faced with so many clashes of criteria with his second in command, Bolívar ended the figure of the vice president and suspended the Constitution of Cúcuta , to make way for the dictatorship. The authoritarian government of Bolívar did not last long and in 1830

2204-402: The main access to the complex is through Calle 8va, passing under a large longitudinal water staircase divided into sections at different levels. It was built between 1994 and its construction ended in 1999. The president's primary form of long-haul air transportation is one of two identical Boeing aircraft, which are extensively modified Fokker F-28 airliners and are known as FAC-0002 , while

2262-483: The medallion “Guardia Presidencial” and Decree 1880 of 1988 ruled the award merits for this prize given to the distinguished members of the battalion for their loyalty, service and good behavior. Since August 16, 1928, the security of the president has been in the hands of the Presidential Guard , who also has the mission of maintaining the security of the president, his family and his official residence,

2320-479: The order of precedence established by law. The assuming minister has to be a member of the same party or movement the original president belonged to, and will exercise the presidency until the Congress, within the 30 days following the presidential vacancy, elects a new vice president who will assume the presidency. According to the Decree 2719 of 17 December 2000 in the Colombian Constitution of 1991 which modified

2378-597: The presidency has played an increasingly important role in Colombian political life since the early 20th century, with a notable expansion during the presidency of Álvaro Uribe . The office of president was established upon the ratification of the Constitution of 1819, by the Congress of Angostura , convened in December 1819, when Colombia was the " Gran Colombia ". The first president, General Simón Bolívar , took office in 1819. His position, initially self-proclaimed,

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2436-476: The president and vice president, but often includes duties as drafter and spokesperson for administration policies, advisor to the president, and symbol of union and advocacy . of the president . The influence of the vice president in these roles depends almost entirely on the characteristics of the particular administration . The vice president must be a natural-born citizen of Colombia, at least 30 years of age. The Constitution of Colombia requires

2494-535: The president is the visible face of Colombia's domestic and foreign policy . In his role as leader, one of his aspects is to represent and safeguard the international image of the country, since 1934, the year in which it was officially created, it is the protocol office of the First Lady , she is the one who is in charge of accompanying the president at his receptions. and state visits abroad, gaining more importance over time. The president of Colombia symbolizes

2552-560: The president to "receive the ambassadors." This clause, known as the Reception Clause, has been interpreted to imply that the president possesses broad power over matters of foreign policy, and endorses the exclusive authority of the president to grant recognition to a foreign government. The Constitution also empowers the president to appoint Colombian ambassadors and to propose and mainly negotiate agreements between Colombia and other countries . Such agreements, upon receiving

2610-504: The president to fill a vacancy, upon leave of absence or death, resignation, or removal of the president. Since the 1990s, the vice president has been afforded an official residence at the Vice Presidential House of Bogotá, D.C. The vice president cannot assume presidential functions on temporary absences of the president such as official trips abroad or vacations. In these cases, the president delegates functions to

2668-499: The residence for the vice president was completed, being Gustavo Bell , the first vice president to reside there. Until the change, vice presidents lived in houses, apartments, or hotels, and were compensated more like cabinet members receiving only a housing allowance. The modern and pre-Hispanic style house contemplates the family home of the Vice President and a garden. It incorporates two republican houses as offices, and

2726-511: The second woman to hold the position took office on 7 August 2022. The position of vice president was not mentioned in the Constitutional Convention that gave rise to the Constitution of Cúcuta in 1821, where it was established that the country would be governed by a president for a period of 4 years and that, in the event of temporary or permanent absence, he would be replaced by the vice president, who would also be

2784-481: The structure of the Administrative Department of the Presidency of the Republic , the functions of the vice president are: The actual power of the office flows primarily from formal and informal delegations of authority from the president and Congress . These delegations can vary in importance. The scope of the vice president's roles and functions depends on the specific relationship between

2842-416: The term. In total, 34 people have served in 36 presidencies that span 48 four-year terms, with Alfonso López Pumarejo , Álvaro Uribe and Juan Manuel Santos being the only ones with double terms, in the case of López Pumarejo non-consecutive. Gustavo Petro is the 34th and current president of the Republic of Colombia, having assumed office on August 7, 2022. One of the most important executive powers

2900-525: The vice president is on board. Although any plane of the Colombian Air Force . The vice president being on board is designated "FAC-0002" for the duration of the flight. Travel within the country is usually handled with only one of the two aircraft, while travel abroad is handled with both a lead and a backup. For short-haul air travel, the vice president has access to a fleet of Air Force helicopters , as well as for personal transportation when

2958-495: The vice president to meet the same eligibility requirements as the president that can be re-elected. Individuals are eligible to serve an unlimited number of terms as vice president. The vice president's home was designated in 1999, when the constructions were finished after it had been acquired by the Banco Central Hipotecario in 1993. In 1999, during the presidency of Cesar Gaviria , the construction of

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3016-426: The vice president would be in charge of presiding over the Council of State , a body that at that time was consultative in nature to advise the president in decision-making. Between 1832 and 1858 the country faced various civil wars -such as the War of the Supreme Court -, suffered coups -such as that of José María Melo and had several constituent texts, but always had the figure of the vice president. However, in

3074-626: Was also the subject of a Colombian miniseries named Bloque de Busqueda , the Spanish translation of Search Bloc. The show was broadcast in the United States by Univision 's sister network, UniMás . Participants Timeline Key aspects Former guerrillas Linked to Former government program Linked to Former paramilitaries Linked to President of Colombia [REDACTED] [REDACTED] The President of Colombia ( President of

3132-573: Was born to use it as an official residence. In 1906, the architect Gastón Lelarge transformed the property into the Palacio de la Carrera and in 1979 the architect Fernando Alsina remodeled the building to the current Casa de Nariño and designed the Plaza de Armas that left it directly connected to the National Capitol . The House of Illustrious Guests in the city of Cartagena de Indias

3190-525: Was not reestablished. The history of disputes and the Marroquín coup convinced Congress that the best option was for the Legislature to establish appointees in the absence of the president. [REDACTED] [REDACTED] In absence of both the president and the vice president, Article 203 of the Constitution of Colombia establishes that the presidential office will be assumed by a minister in

3248-409: Was subsequently ratified by Congress. The president is directly elected through Universal Suffrage for a period of four years, along with the vice president . According to article 125 , ratified in 2018, no person who has been elected for a presidential term can be elected for a second. In addition, three vice presidents have become president by virtue of the death or resignation of a president during

3306-660: Was the former Palace of the Viceroys, which was located on the western side of the Plaza Mayor of Bogotá (where the Palacio Liévano is currently located). The 1827 earthquake left the property partially destroyed, for which reason the presidential office and the official residence were moved to the Palacio de San Carlos . In 1885, the president Rafael Núñez ordered the purchase of the house where Antonio Nariño

3364-521: Was the power behind the throne during the Núñez government: the first president retired to his El Cabrero hacienda, in Cartagena, while Caro governed. Even with the death of Núñez in 1894, Caro continued to lead the country for two more years. The government of Núñez -or of Caro to be more precise- was followed by the conservative Manuel Antonio Sanclemente, elected to the presidency in 1898. He arrived at

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