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86-682: Second College Grant (also known as the Dartmouth College Grant ) is a township in Coös County , New Hampshire , United States. The area of this township is owned and controlled by Dartmouth College . As of the 2020 census , the grant had a population of one. In New Hampshire, locations, grants, purchases, and townships (which are different from towns) are unincorporated portions of a county which are not part of any town and have limited self-government (if any, as many are uninhabited). Trails and cabins are available for use by

172-526: A storm surge went up the Penobscot, flooding Bangor for three hours. At 11:15 am, waters began rising on the river and within 15 minutes had risen a total of 12 feet (3.7 m), flooding downtown. About 200 cars were submerged and office workers were stranded until waters receded. There were no reported deaths during this unusual flash flood . Bangor has a humid continental climate ( Köppen : Dfb ), with cold, snowy winters, and warm summers, and

258-475: A timber cruise survey and used the growth and inventory data to prepare a new 10-20 year management plan. A consensus was reached that the college would be better served by having its own forester. A decision was then made to release Seven Islands Land company of its forest management responsibilities on the College Grant and to once again employ a College Forester, Edward Witt. After carefully analyzing

344-599: A clerk, trustee, or mayor (in New Jersey and the metro townships of Utah ). Township officers frequently include justice of the peace , road commissioner , assessor , constable , in addition to surveyor . In the 20th century, many townships also added a township administrator or supervisor to the officers as an executive for the board. In some cases, townships run local libraries , senior citizen services, youth services, disabled citizen services, cemetery services, besides emergency assistance. In some states,

430-587: A grant with the town of Clarksville (in northern New Hampshire). This is considered the First College Grant, as it was intended to replace the loss of the original Landaff Grant. The college sold most of this land in the first two years, and had sold off the rest by 1872. The sale of the Clarksville Grant properties proved to be inadequate, and the college petitioned the state for an additional grant in 1792. Several proposals were made in

516-507: A male householder with no wife present, and 50.4% were non-families. 37.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.10 and the average family size was 2.76. The median age in the city was 36.7 years. 17.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 16% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26% were from 25 to 44; 25.8% were from 45 to 64; and 14.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of

602-483: A management plan which was transmitted to the college by the committee in early January 1970. This was adopted and referred to as the 10-20 Year Plan, with provisions for an annual sustained yield cut of approximately 4,000 cords per year for the following twenty years. The Seven Islands Land Company of Bangor was retained by the college to oversee forestry management and to implement the Prentiss & Carlisle plan. It

688-461: A mission on Penobscot Bay in 1609, which was then part of the French colony of Acadia , and the valley remained contested between France and Britain into the 1750s, making it one of the last regions to become part of New England . In 1769, Jacob Buswell founded a settlement at the site. By 1772, there were 12 families, along with a sawmill , store, and school. By 1787, the population was 567. It

774-435: A name in the form " Name Township". In both documents and conversation, "town" and "township" are used interchangeably. Minnesota townships can be either Non-Urban or Urban (giving the township government greater power), but this is not reflected in the township's name. In Ohio , a city or village is overlaid onto a township unless it withdraws by establishing a paper township . Where the paper township does not extend to

860-546: A resolution opposing the sale of sweat-shop -produced clothing in local stores. Outdoor activities in the Bangor City Forest and other nearby parks, forests, and waterways include hiking, sailing, canoeing, hunting, fishing, skiing, and snowmobiling. Bangor Raceway at the Bass Park Civic Center and Auditorium offers live, pari-mutuel harness racing from May through July and then briefly in

946-617: A result, the recreational and education concepts have become a prominent part of the grant's management, with untold opportunities for use by the Dartmouth community. In 1970, Monahan retired, and cutting operations were suspended while a committee, named by the Trustees of the College in 1968 in anticipation of Monahan's retirement, evaluated the existing policies. The Prentiss & Carlisle Company of Bangor, Maine , subsequently prepared

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1032-483: A state. For example, townships in the northern part of Illinois are active in providing public services—such as road maintenance, after-school care, and senior services—whereas townships in southern Illinois frequently delegate these services to the county. Most townships in Illinois also provide services such as snow removal, senior transportation, and emergency services to households residing in unincorporated parts of

1118-469: A time the largest lumber port in the world, and the site of furious land speculation that extended up the Penobscot River valley and beyond. The Penobscot River drainage basin above Bangor was unattractive to settlement for farming, but well suited to lumbering . Winter snow allowed logs to be dragged from the woods by horse-teams. Carried to the Penobscot or its tributaries, log driving in

1204-592: A total of 55 acres (23 ha.) The area was rebuilt, and in the process became a showplace for a diverse range of architectural styles, including the Mansard style , Beaux Arts , Greek Revival and Colonial Revival , and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Great Fire of 1911 Historic District . The destruction of downtown landmarks such as the old city hall and train station in

1290-783: A township and a municipality that is coterminous with that township may wholly or partially consolidate their operations. Depending on the state, the township government has varying degrees of authority. In the Upper Midwestern states near the Great Lakes , civil townships (known in Michigan as general law townships and in Wisconsin as towns), are often, but not always, overlaid on survey townships. The degree to which these townships are functioning governmental entities varies from state to state and in some cases even within

1376-609: Is a United States Air National Guard base. Created in 1927 as a commercial field, it was taken over by the U.S. Army just before World War II. In 1968, the base was sold to the city of Bangor, Maine, to become Bangor International Airport but has since continued to host the 101st Air Refueling Wing , Maine Air National Guard , part of the Northeast Tanker Task Force . In 1990, the USAF East Coast Radar System (ECRS) Operation Center

1462-473: Is also used for timber production, but forest-friendly, sustainable practices are employed. The grant is bounded by the Maine border to the east, Atkinson and Gilmanton Academy Grant to the north, Dix's Grant to the west, and Wentworth Location to the south. One of the other contemporaneous "Dartmouth" grants was to the north of Dixville but was annexed as the eastern end of Clarksville . According to

1548-454: Is approximately 74.6 inches (189 cm), while snowfall has ranged from 22.2 inches (56 cm) in 1979–80 to 181.9 inches (4.62 m) in 1962−63; the record snowiest month was February 1969 with 58.0 inches (147 cm), while the most snow in one calendar day was 30.0 inches (76 cm) on December 14, 1927. A snow depth of at least 3 in (7.6 cm) is on average seen 66 days per winter, including 54 days from January to March, when

1634-504: Is divided into townships as mandated since the North Carolina Constitution of 1868. Some urbanized counties such as Mecklenburg County ( Charlotte ) now number their townships (e.g. "Township 12") rather than using names. Townships all over the state used to have some official organization and duties but now are only considered ceremonial divisions of each county. Township names are still used quite extensively at

1720-614: Is in USDA hardiness zone 5a. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from 18.5 °F (−7.5 °C) in January to 69.5 °F (20.8 °C) in July. On average, there are 20 nights annually that drop to 0 °F (−18 °C) or below, and 55 days where the temperature stays below freezing, including 49 days from December through February. There is an average of 6.1 days annually with highs at or above 90 °F (32 °C), with

1806-617: Is known as the "Queen City." Modern Bangor was established in the mid-19th century with the lumber and shipbuilding industries. Lying on the Penobscot River , logs could be floated downstream from the Maine North Woods and processed at the city's water-powered sawmills, then shipped from Bangor's port to the Atlantic Ocean 30 miles (48 km) downstream, and from there to any port in the world. Evidence of this

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1892-626: Is named for Joshua Chamberlain , the regiment's leader and one of eight Civil War soldiers from Penobscot County towns to receive the Medal of Honor . Bangor's Charles A. Boutelle accepted the surrender of the Confederate fleet after the Battle of Mobile Bay . A Bangor residential street is named for him. The Confederate States Navy captured several Bangor ships during the Civil War. Bangor

1978-852: Is no government per se at the township level in North Carolina, and there are no elected or appointed offices associated with townships. In 2015 Utah created a form of civil township called a metro township . While each metro township has a mayor and township council, and manage a budget, and cannot be annexed without its permission, its powers of taxation are limited, and must contract with other municipalities or municipal shared-service districts for most municipal services (police, for example). The five metro townships—all located in Salt Lake County —are Kearns , Magna , Copperton , Emigration Canyon and White City . As of 2012, there were 16,360 organized town or township governments in

2064-471: Is similar, in that it is a form of municipal government equal in status to a village , town , borough , or city , and provides similar services to a Pennsylvania township, and varies in size from one-tenth ( Shrewsbury Twp. ) to one hundred ( Jackson Twp. ) square miles. In the Southern U.S. , outside cities and towns there is generally no local government other than the county. Arkansas townships are

2150-590: Is still visible in the lumber barons ' elaborate Greek Revival and Victorian mansions and the 31-foot-high (9.4 m) statue of Paul Bunyan . Today, Bangor's economy is based on services and retail, healthcare, and education. Bangor has a port of entry at Bangor International Airport , also home to the Bangor Air National Guard Base . Historically Bangor was an important stopover on the Great Circle Air Route between

2236-538: Is subdivided into counties, which are subdivided into cities and towns—except for New York City , whose five coextensive counties for state government purposes are municipal boroughs for city government purposes ( Bronx County/The Bronx , Kings County/Brooklyn , New York County/Manhattan , Queens County/Queens , and Richmond County/Staten Island ). As in New England, the term "town" equates to "township" in most other states. Additionally, New Yorkers colloquially use

2322-403: Is within one or more townships in an Arkansas county based on census maps and publications. North Carolina is no exception to that rule, but it does have townships as minor geographical subdivisions of counties, including both unincorporated territory and also land within the bounds of incorporated cities and towns (as well as the extraterritorial jurisdiction of municipalities). Every county

2408-741: The Caribbean and to California during the Gold Rush , via Cape Horn , before sawmills could be established in the west. Bangorians later helped transplant the Maine culture of lumbering to the Pacific Northwest , and participated directly in the Gold Rush. Bangor, Washington ; Bangor, California ; and Little Bangor, Nevada, are legacies of this contact. By 1860, Bangor was the world's largest lumber port, with 150 sawmills operating along

2494-599: The Magalloway River in the southeastern corner of the grant. The entire grant is part of the Androscoggin River watershed. In 1766, New Hampshire Governor John Wentworth promised Eleazar Wheelock a grant of a township on which to build Dartmouth College. In 1770, a month after Wheelock received the royal charter, the governor granted the college the township of Landaff (east of present-day Woodsville, New Hampshire ), but Wheelock, after viewing

2580-628: The SSPARS system installation—the successor to the PAVE PAWS installation—in Massachusetts' Cape Cod Air Force Station reservation fully took over. Many buildings and monuments are listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The city has also had a municipal Historic Preservation Commission since the early 1980s. Bangor has many Greek Revival . Victorian , and Colonial Revival houses. Some notable architecture: The bow-plate of

2666-483: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 34.59 square miles (89.59 km ), of which 34.26 square miles (88.73 km ) is land and 0.33 square miles (0.85 km ) is water. A potential advantage that has always eluded exploitation is the city's location between the port city of Halifax , Nova Scotia, and the rest of Canada (as well as New York). As early as the 1870s,

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2752-633: The United States Census Bureau , the grant has a total area of 41.9 square miles (108.4 km), of which 41.4 square miles (107.1 km) are land and 0.5 square miles (1.3 km), or 1.21%, are water. The highest point is a 2,840-foot (870 m) knoll just west of Mount Tucker. Two rivers, the Dead Diamond and the Swift Diamond , flow through and join together in the Second College Grant. The Dead Diamond then flows into

2838-470: The maritime provinces of New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island ) in 1749 in the form of townships controlled by a court of quarter sessions , a system that had characterized local government in Britain and Virginia. This court had both administrative and judicial functions, and took over most responsibilities of local government, including the appointment of necessary officers. A form of direct democracy

2924-480: The pulp and paper industry replaced lumbering, and railroads replaced shipping. Local capitalists also invested in a train route to Aroostook County in northern Maine (the Bangor and Aroostook Railroad ), opening that area to settlement. Bangor's Hinkley & Egery Ironworks (later Union Ironworks) was a local center for invention in the 19th and early 20th centuries. A new type of steam engine built there, named

3010-472: The snowmelt brought them to waterfall-powered sawmills upriver from Bangor. The sawed lumber was then shipped from the city's docks, Bangor being at the head-of-tide (between the rapids and the ocean) to points anywhere in the world. Shipbuilding was also developed. Bangor capitalists also owned most of the forests. The main markets for Bangor lumber were the East Coast cities. Much was also shipped to

3096-652: The "Endeavor", won a gold medal at the New York Crystal Palace Exhibition of the American Institute in 1856. The firm won a diploma for a shingle-making machine the following year. In the 1920s, Union Iron Works engineer Don A. Sargent invented the first automotive snow plow . Sargent patented the device and the firm manufactured it for a national market. Bangor is located at 44°48′N 68°48′W  /  44.8°N 68.8°W  / 44.8; -68.8 . According to

3182-519: The College imposed a two-year moratorium on logging while a plan was developed. In 1978 the College implemented a salvage operation designed to remove the dead fir while saving as much spruce and hardwood as possible. The salvage operation lasted until 1986, at which time the remaining standing dead fir had decayed beyond use. Once again the harvesting activity was halted while the College took stock of its forest resources and considered its future management options. Seven Islands Land Company conducted

3268-554: The Dartmouth community, and are maintained by the Dartmouth Outing Club and Dartmouth's Outdoor Programs Office. The DOC maintains three cabins available for rent by DOC members (Peaks, Alder Brook, and Stoddard), and the OPO maintains seven cabins for use by Dartmouth-affiliated individuals and their guests. Many freshmen spend a few days in the grant as part of their freshmen trips just before freshman orientation. The grant

3354-506: The U.S. East Coast and Europe. Founded as Kenduskeag Plantation in 1791, Bangor was incorporated as a town in 1834. The name Bangor is said to have been taken from a Welsh hymn tune. it is also the name of Bangor, Gwynedd , the oldest city in Wales. The final syllable is pronounced gor . In 2015, local celebrities and business owners recorded the YouTube video "How to Say Bangor", which

3440-565: The U.S. was named The Bangor . She was built by the Harlan and Hollingsworth firm of Wilmington, Delaware in 1844, and was intended to take passengers between Bangor and Boston. On her second voyage, however, in 1845, she burned to the waterline off Castine . She was rebuilt at Bath , returned briefly to her earlier route, but was soon purchased by the U.S. government for use in the Mexican–American War . Bangor continued to prosper as

3526-490: The West Indies and South America). Bangor had certain disadvantages compared to other East Coast ports, including its rival Portland, Maine . Being on a northern river, its port froze during the winter, and it could not take the largest ocean-going ships. The comparative lack of settlement in the forested hinterland also gave it a comparatively small home market. In 1844 the first ocean-going iron-hulled steamship in

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3612-594: The battleship USS Maine , whose destruction in Havana, Cuba , presaged the start of the Spanish–American War , survives on a granite memorial by Charles Eugene Tefft in Davenport Park. Bangor has a large fiberglass-over-metal statue of mythical lumberman Paul Bunyan by Normand Martin (1959). There are three large bronze statues in downtown Bangor by sculptor Charles Eugene Tefft of Brewer, including

3698-580: The boundaries of a town that provide additional government services not provided by their parent town, such as sewage, fire, law enforcement, garbage collection, public facilities, water and building code enforcement. In Vermont, most current cities were actually former villages that broke off from their parent town. Connecticut has boroughs and non-consolidated cities, although these communities are not as autonomous as villages in New York and Vermont, and today there are only eight non-consolidated boroughs (plus

3784-502: The city limits, property owners pay taxes for both the township and municipality, though these overlaps are sometimes overlooked by mistake. Ten other states also allow townships and municipalities to overlap. In Kansas , some civil townships provide services such as road maintenance and fire protection services not provided by the county. In New England and New York , states are generally subdivided into towns and cities, which are municipalities that provide most local services. With

3870-545: The city promoted a Halifax-to-New York railroad, via Bangor, as the quickest connection between North America and Europe (when combined with steamship service between Britain and Halifax). A European and North American Railway opened through Bangor, with President Ulysses S. Grant officiating at the inauguration, but commerce never lived up to the potential. More recent attempts to capture traffic between Halifax and Montreal by constructing an East–West Highway through Maine have also come to naught. Most overland traffic between

3956-523: The city was 48.2% male and 51.8% female. As of the census of 2020, there were 31,753 people and 13,887 households residing in the city. The population density was 926.9 inhabitants per square mile (357.9/km ). There were 15,900 housing units at an average density of 464.1 per square mile (179.2/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 88.0% White , 2.3% African American , 1.0% Native American , 2.2% Asian , 0.9% from other races , and 5.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.4% of

4042-419: The city was 93.1% White , 1.7% African American , 1.2% Native American , 1.7% Asian , 0.3% from other races , and 2.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.5% of the population. There were 14,475 households, of which 24.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.8% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.2% had

4128-532: The city's waterfront has also helped re-focus cultural life in the historic center. Bangor is on the banks of the Penobscot River, close enough to the Atlantic Ocean to be influenced by tides. Upstream, the Penobscot River drainage basin occupies 8,570 square miles (22,200 km ) in northeastern Maine. Flooding is most often caused by a combination of precipitation and snowmelt . Ice jams can exacerbate high flow conditions and cause acute localized flooding. Conditions favorable for flooding typically occur during

4214-431: The community of Groton Long Point ) and one non-consolidated city. A Pennsylvania township is a unit of local government, responsible for services such as police departments, local road and street maintenance . It acts the same as a city or borough . Townships were established based on convenient geographical boundaries and vary in size from six to fifty-two square miles (10–135 km ). A New Jersey township

4300-514: The community, along with many migrants from Atlantic Canada. Of the 205 Black citizens who lived in Bangor in 1910, over a third were originally from Canada. As of the census of 2010, there were 33,039 people, 14,475 households, and 7,182 families residing in the city. The population density was 964.4 inhabitants per square mile (372.4/km ). There were 15,674 housing units at an average density of 457.5 per square mile (176.6/km ). The racial makeup of

4386-840: The county government level in North Carolina as a way of determining and dividing up areas for administrative purposes; primarily for collecting county taxes, determining fire districts (e.g. Lebanon Township in Durham County gives its name to the Lebanon Volunteer Fire Department ), for real estate purposes such as categorizing land deeds, land surveys and other real estate documents, and for voter registration purposes. In most areas of North Carolina that are outside any municipal limit (outside cities or towns), townships are used to determine voter polling places, and in most instances county election boards divide up their voter precincts by township. However, there

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4472-650: The county. The townships in Illinois each have a township board, whose board members were formerly called township trustees , and a single township supervisor. In contrast, civil townships in Indiana are operated in a relatively consistent manner statewide and tend to be well organized, with each served by a single township trustee and a three-member board. Civil townships in these states are generally not incorporated , and nearby cities may annex land in adjoining townships with relative ease. In Michigan, however, general law townships are corporate entities (e.g. they can be

4558-438: The data prepared by Seven Islands, Witt decided that the annual growth rate of the forest would allow for a sustainable annual cut of 6,000 cords. The forest plan was modified to allow harvesting as much as 10,000 cords for ten years in an effort to remove the poorer quality trees and improve the overall quality of the forest. This would be followed by several years of cutting lesser volumes but higher quality trees. Further, because

4644-463: The divisions of a county. Each township includes unincorporated areas; some may have incorporated cities or towns within part of their boundaries. Arkansas townships have limited purposes in modern times. However, the U.S. census does list Arkansas population based on townships (sometimes referred to as "county subdivisions" or "minor civil divisions"). Townships are also of value for historical purposes in terms of genealogical research. Each town or city

4730-579: The exception of a few remote areas of New Hampshire and Vermont and about half of Maine , all of New England lies within the borders of an incorporated municipality. New England has counties, though in southern New England, they are strictly used as dividing lines for judicial systems and statistical purposes, while in northern New England, they often handle other limited functions, such as law enforcement, education and some public facilities in addition to judicial systems. New England also has cities , most of which are towns whose residents have voted to replace

4816-439: The fall. Hollywood Casino , operated by Penn National Gaming , originally opened as a slot machine only facility. In 2007, construction began on a $ 131-million casino complex in Bangor that houses, among other things, a gaming floor with about 1,000 slot machines, an off-track betting center, a seven-story hotel, and a four-level parking garage. In 2011, it was authorized to add table games . Bangor Air National Guard Base

4902-474: The following 21 states: There were 29 states without organized town or township governments as of 2012: The provinces of Eastern Canada have, or have had, divisions that are analogous to the townships of the United States. Ontario and Quebec continue to have townships that subdivide their respective counties. Local government was introduced into Nova Scotia (which at the time also included

4988-584: The forest is managed for the benefit of wildlife, cutting operations were modified to reflect that policy. Since 1987, the forest has been managed accordingly, with the New Hampshire Fish and Game Department actively involved in the location, design, and methodology of the harvesting activity. In 2019, Hell Gate Gorge cabin, built in 1974, burned down due to a chimney fire. Former Democratic candidate for New Hampshire governor, Colin Van Ostern ,

5074-648: The land and others under consideration, decided to establish the college in Hanover . After the American Revolution the college lost its claim to Landaff in 1791, because of the grant's royal derivation and rival claims by American settlers in Landaff. While the Landaff case underwent litigation to resolve the rival claims, Vermont (then meeting in Norwich ) came to the aid of the college and granted it

5160-483: The last year to have not seen such temperatures being 2014. Extreme temperatures range from −32 °F (−36 °C) on February 10, 1948, up to 104 °F (40 °C) on August 19, 1935. The average first freeze of the season occurs on October 7, and the last May 7, resulting in a freeze-free season of 152 days; the corresponding dates for measurable snowfall, i.e. at least 0.1 in (0.25 cm), are November 23 and April 4. The average annual snowfall for Bangor

5246-475: The late 1960s urban renewal program is now considered to have been a mistake. It ushered in a decline of the city center that was accelerated by the construction of the Bangor Mall in 1978 and subsequent big-box stores on the city's outskirts. Downtown Bangor began to recover in the 1990s, with bookstores, café/restaurants, galleries, and museums filling once-vacant storefronts. The recent re-development of

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5332-459: The legislature, but it wasn't until 1807 that the state responded with the Second College Grant. The lands of the Second College Grant proved to be unattractive to settlers, but sale of timber provided a small but steady income to the college over the next century and a half. In 1947, Robert S. Monahan was hired as College Forester to oversee the College Grant, and since that time the multiple use philosophy of forest management has been formalized. As

5418-462: The lower river. The United States Coast Guard began icebreaker operations on the Penobscot in the 1940s, preventing the formation of frozen ice jams during the winter and providing an unobstructed path for ice-out in the spring. Long-term temperature records show a gradual warming since 1894, which may have reduced the ice jam flood potential at Bangor. In the Groundhog Day gale of 1976 ,

5504-427: The population. The median age in the city was 39.0 years. 18.0% of residents were under the age of 18. Major employers in the region include: Bangor is the largest market town, distribution center, transportation hub, and media center in a five-county area whose population tops 330,000 and which includes Penobscot, Piscataquis , Hancock , Aroostook , and Washington counties. Bangor's city council has approved

5590-486: The prospect after three years. These acts were repealed in 1879, and townships were replaced in the third quarter of the 19th century by self-governing municipalities. Bangor, Maine Bangor ( / ˈ b æ ŋ ɡ ɔːr / BANG-gor ) is a city in and the county seat of Penobscot County, Maine , United States. The city proper has a population of 31,753, making it the state's third-most populous city , behind Portland (68,408) and Lewiston (37,121). Bangor

5676-507: The region (one was thrown back into the river by area residents angered that the archeological site was destroyed for the bridge's construction). During the War of 1812 , Bangor was briefly occupied in 1814 by British forces under Robert Barrie after the Battle of Hampden . Maine was part of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts until 1820 when it voted to secede from Massachusetts and

5762-557: The river. The city shipped over 150 million boardfeet of lumber a year, much of it in Bangor-built and Bangor-owned ships. In the year 1860, 3,300 lumbering ships passed by the docks. Many of the lumber barons built elaborate Greek Revival and Victorian houses that still stand in the Broadway Historic District . Bangor has many substantial old churches, and shade trees. The city was so beautiful it

5848-578: The snow pack is typically most reliable. As of 2008, Bangor is the third most populous city in Maine, as it has been for more than a century. As of 2012, the estimated population of the Bangor Metropolitan Area (which includes Penobscot County) is 153,746, indicating a slight growth rate since 2000, almost all of it accounted for by Bangor. Historically Bangor received many immigrants as it industrialized. Irish-Catholic and later Jewish immigrants eventually became established members of

5934-492: The spring months. In 1807 an ice jam formed below Bangor Village, raising the water 10 to 12 feet (3 to 3.7 m) above the normal highwater mark and in 1887 the freshet caused the Maine Central Railroad Company rails between Bangor and Vanceboro to be covered to a depth of several feet. Bangor's worst ice jam floods occurred in 1846 and 1902. Both resulted from mid-December freshets that cleared

6020-463: The subject of lawsuits), and some can become reformulated as charter townships , a status intended to protect against annexation from nearby municipalities and which grants the township some home rule powers similar to cities. In Wisconsin , civil townships are known as " towns " rather than townships, but they function essentially the same as in neighboring states. In Minnesota , state statute refers to such entities as towns yet requires them to have

6106-544: The term "township" to mean "town". Townships and hamlets are unincorporated areas within a town or towns. Because towns are administrative divisions of a county, town boundaries cannot cross county lines. In addition to administrative subdivisions, New York State also has cities . Cities in New York are fully autonomous municipal corporations and, thus, are able to cross county lines and whose governments fully independent of county control. Finally, New York and Vermont also have villages, which are smaller communities lying within

6192-463: The town meeting form of government with a city form. Maine has a third type of township called a plantation , which previously existed in other New England states, that has more limited self-governance than other New England towns. In portions of Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont, county subdivisions that are not incorporated are occasionally called townships, or by other terms such as " gore ", "grant", "location", or "purchase". The State of New York

6278-472: The township of Wheelock (northwest of St. Johnsbury ) in 1785. The college divided the town into 100-acre (0.40 km) lots and leased these to settlers. Over the years the college has sold most of the lots to meet financial needs but still holds title to some properties in the town. In 1789, New Hampshire , anticipating the college's loss of the Landaff Grant, made good on its original promise of

6364-538: The two parts of Canada continues to travel north of Maine rather than across it. Major fires struck the downtown in 1856, 1869, and 1872, the last resulting in the erection of the Adams-Pickering Block . In the Great Fire of 1911 Bangor lost its high school, post office & custom house, public library, telephone and telegraph companies, banks, two fire stations, nearly a hundred businesses, six churches, and synagogue and 285 private residences over

6450-561: The upper river of ice, followed by cold that produced large volumes of frazil ice or slush which was carried by high flows forming a major ice jam in the lower river. In March of both years, a dynamic breakup of ice ran into the jam and flooded downtown Bangor. Though no people died and the city recovered quickly, the 1846 and 1902 ice jam floods were economically devastating, according to the Army Corps analysis. Both floods occurred with multiple dams in place and little to no ice-breaking in

6536-570: Was activated in Bangor with over 400 personnel. The center controlled the over-the-horizon radar 's transmitter in Moscow, Maine, and receiver in Columbia Falls, Maine . With the end of the Cold War , the facility's mission of guarding against a Soviet air attack became superfluous, and though it briefly turned its attention toward drug interdiction , the system was decommissioned in 1997 as

6622-823: Was admitted to the Union as the 23rd state under the Missouri Compromise . In 1861, a mob ransacked the offices of the Democratic newspaper the Bangor Daily Union , threw the presses and other materials into the street and burned them. Editor Marcellus Emery, who was sympathetic to the South, escaped unharmed but only resumed publishing after the war. During the American Civil War the locally mustered 2nd Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment

6708-479: Was at this same time that Al Merrill was named Director of Outdoor Affairs and given responsibility for recreational and educational use of the Second College Grant along with oversight of the Moosilauke Ravine Lodge and the Dartmouth Outing Club . In 1976 evidence of an increase in the spruce budworm had already reached epidemic proportions in Maine and Canada . In response to this blight,

6794-476: Was called "The Queen City of the East". The shorter Queen City appellation is still used by some local clubs, organizations, events and businesses. In addition to shipping lumber, 19th-century Bangor was the leading producer of moccasins , shipping over 100,000 pairs a year by the 1880s. Exports also included bricks, leather, and even ice (which was cut and stored in winter, then shipped to Boston, and even China,

6880-457: Was introduced into the townships by settlers from New England in 1760 with the help of a provincial statute. However, the statute was disallowed by the King in 1761, and direct democracy was replaced in the townships that had adopted it by the quarter sessions. Acts in 1855 and 1856 provided for the incorporation of self-governing townships, but only Yarmouth partook in incorporating, and abandoned

6966-560: Was known as Sunbury or Kenduskeag Plantation until incorporation as Bangor in 1791. In 1779, the rebel Penobscot Expedition fled up the Penobscot River and ten of its ships were scuttled by the British fleet at Bangor. The ships remained there until the late 1950s, when construction of the Joshua Chamberlain Bridge disturbed the site. Six cannons were removed from the riverbed, five of which are on display throughout

7052-528: Was near the lands disputed during the Aroostook War , a boundary dispute with Britain in 1838–1839. The passion of the Aroostook War signaled the increasing role lumbering and logging played in the Maine economy, particularly in the state's central and eastern sections. Bangor arose as a lumbering boom-town in the 1830s, and a potential demographic and political rival to Portland. Bangor became for

7138-533: Was not uncommon during the 1500s because the fur trade was lucrative and the Penobscot were willing to trade pelts for European goods. The first European known to have explored the area in 1524 was Estêvão Gomes , a Portuguese navigator who sailed in the service of Spain in the 1520s. The Spaniards, led by Gómez, were the first Europeans to make landfall in what is now Maine, followed by the Frenchman Samuel de Champlain in 1605. The Jesuits established

7224-447: Was staying in the cabin with several other guests during the incident. As of the 2020 census , there was one person recorded living in the grant. In 1930, there were 17 people living in the grant; the population has been less than 10 since then and zero for the three censuses prior to 2020. Civil township#Northeastern states Township functions are generally overseen by a governing board (the name varies from state to state) and

7310-464: Was sung to the tune of " We Are the World ". The Penobscot people have inhabited the area around present-day Bangor for at least 11,000 years and still occupy tribal land on the nearby Penobscot Indian Island Reservation . They practised some agriculture, but less than peoples in southern New England where the climate is milder, and subsisted on what they could hunt and gather. Contact with Europeans

7396-566: Was the first to march out of Maine in 1861, and played a prominent part in the First Battle of Bull Run . The 1st Maine Heavy Artillery Regiment , mustered in Bangor and commanded by a local merchant, lost more men than any other Union regiment in the war (especially in the Second Battle of Petersburg , 1864). The 20th Maine Infantry Regiment held Little Round Top in the Battle of Gettysburg . A bridge connecting Bangor with Brewer

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