Minority (1)
41-591: The Senate Committee on Accountability of Public Officers and Investigations of the Senate of the Philippines , or more popularly known as the Blue Ribbon Committee , is the Senate committee tasked to investigate alleged wrongdoings of the government, its officials, and its attached agencies, including government owned and controlled corporations, in aid of legislation, that is, the primary purpose
82-533: A bicameral conference committee is created consisting of members from both chambers of Congress to reconcile the differences, or either chamber may instead approve the other chamber's version. While franchise and money bills originate in the House of Representatives, the Senate may still propose or concur with amendments. Only the Senate has the power to approve, via a two-thirds supermajority, or denounce treaties, and
123-603: A fraction (often one third) of the members of the board of directors is elected each time instead of en masse (where all directors have one-year terms). Each group of directors falls within a specified "class"—e.g., Class I, Class II, etc.—hence the use of the term "classified" board. The work of the Shareholder Rights Project has had a significant effect on the number of classified boards on the S&;P 500. In publicly held companies, staggered boards have
164-462: A more beneficial purpose, that is provide "institutional memory" — continuity in the board of directors — which may be significant for corporations with long-range projects and plans. Institutional shareholders are increasingly calling for an end to staggered boards of directors—also called "declassifying" the boards. The Wall Street Journal reported in January 2007 that 2006 marked a key switch in
205-683: A sergeant-at-arms. Following this set of officers, the Senate as an institution can then be grouped into the Senate Proper and the Secretariat. The former belongs exclusively to the members of the Senate as well as its committees, while the latter renders support services to the members of the Senate. The Senate was modeled upon the United States Senate ; the two chambers of Congress have roughly equal powers, and every bill or resolution that has to go through both houses needs
246-505: A tool to prevent takeover attempts. Some legislative bodies (most commonly upper houses ) use staggered elections, as do some public bodies, such as the Securities and Exchange Commission . A staggered board of directors or classified board is a prominent practice in US corporate law governing the board of directors of a company , corporation , or other organization, in which only
287-717: Is the suggestion of new laws, or proposals of amendments to existing laws. Like all other committees, the Senate elects members of the Blue Ribbon Committee. The chairmanship of the committee has been one of the most sought posts in the Senate, aside from the Senate Presidency. Cavite Representative Justiniano Montano of the Liberal Party , who was successfully included in the Liberal's 1949 Senate election ticket, supported Jose T. Cajulis of
328-597: The 19th Congress , as of August 20, 2024. Ex officio members: Committee secretary: Rodolfo Noel Quimbo Senate of the Philippines Minority bloc (2) Independent bloc (6) Vacant (1) The Senate of the Philippines ( Filipino : Senado ng Pilipinas ) is the upper house of Congress , the bicameral legislature of the Philippines , with the House of Representatives as
369-840: The ACT and the NT have 3 year terms only. These half-Senate elections are usually held in conjunction with an election of all members for the Federal House of Representatives . There are rare instances in which a Federal election is held for the all members of the House of Representatives and all the members of the Senate at once, this is called a double dissolution election. Three of Australia's five State Legislative Councils use staggered elections: Local councils in Western Australia also have staggered elections. All six Legislative councils of states have staggered elections: 27 of
410-839: The Insular Government . Under the Philippine Organic Act , from 1907 to 1916, the Philippine Commission headed by the governor-general of the Philippines served as the upper chamber of the Philippine Legislature , with the Philippine Assembly as the elected lower house . At the same time the governor-general also exercised executive powers. In August 1916 the United States Congress enacted
451-617: The Nacionalista Party in the elections to the House of Representatives seat he was retiring from. While the Liberals' candidate easily defeated Cajulis, Montano won in the Senate election; he formed a clique called "The Little Senate" with like-minded Liberal senators and began to attack President Elpidio Quirino (who was also from the Liberal Party)'s presidency. Montano then created the Blue Ribbon Committee, taking
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#1732782456041492-808: The Philippine Autonomy Act or popularly known as the "Jones Law", which created an elected bicameral Philippine Legislature with the Senate as the upper chamber and with the House of Representatives of the Philippines , previously called the Philippine Assembly, as the lower chamber . The governor-general continued to be the head of the executive branch of the Insular Government. Senators then were elected via senatorial districts via plurality-at-large voting ; each district grouped several provinces and each elected two senators except for "non-Christian" provinces where
533-559: The Philippine Independence Act or the "Tydings–McDuffie Act" was passed by the U.S. Congress which granted the Filipinos the right to frame their own constitution in preparation for their independence, wherein they established a unicameral National Assembly of the Philippines , effectively abolishing the Senate. Not long after the adoption of the 1935 Constitution several amendments began to be proposed. By 1938,
574-465: The lower house . The Senate is composed of 24 senators who are elected at-large (the country forms one district in senatorial elections ) under a plurality-at-large voting system . Senators serve six-year terms with a maximum of two consecutive terms, with half of the senators elected in staggered elections every three years. When the Senate was restored by the 1987 Constitution , the 24 senators who were elected in 1987 served until 1992. In 1992,
615-500: The presidency of Fidel V. Ramos : Under the presidency of Joseph Estrada : Under the presidency of Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo : Under the presidency of Benigno Aquino III : During the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte : During the presidency of Bongbong Marcos : According to the Rules of the Senate, the Blue Ribbon Committee handles all matters relating to the following: The Senate Blue Ribbon Committee has sixteen (16) members in
656-402: The 12 candidates for the Senate obtaining the highest number of votes served until 1998, while the next 12 served until 1995. Thereafter, each senator elected serves the full six years. From 1945 to 1972, the Senate was a continuing body, with only eight seats up every two years. Aside from having its concurrence on every bill in order to be passed for the president 's signature to become a law,
697-883: The House of Representatives inherited the complex at Quezon City, now called the Batasang Pambansa Complex , while the Senate returned to the Congress Building, until the GSIS Building was finished in 1997. Thus, the country's two houses of Congress meet at different places in Metro Manila . The Senate would eventually move to the New Senate Building at the Navy Village in Fort Bonifacio , Taguig by 2025 at
738-654: The National Assembly began consideration of these proposals, which included restoring the Senate as the upper chamber of Congress. The amendment of the 1935 Constitution to have a bicameral legislature was approved in 1940 and the first biennial elections for the restored upper house was held in November 1941. Instead of the old senatorial districts, senators were elected via the entire country serving as an at-large district, although still under plurality-at-large voting, with voters voting up to eight candidates, and
779-423: The Philippines . This is how the Senate looked like after the beginning of every Congress under the 1987 constitution. The parties are arranged alphabetically, with independents at the rightmost side. Vacancies are denoted by dashes after the independents. Senators may switch parties or become independents mid-term. Staggered elections Staggered elections are elections where only some of
820-621: The SET has replaced senators due to election protests, the last of which was in 2011 when the tribunal awarded the protest of Koko Pimentel against Migz Zubiri . The qualifications for membership in the Senate are expressly stated in Section 3, Art. VI of the 1987 Philippine Constitution as follows: Under the Constitution , " Congress shall convene once every year on the fourth Monday of July for its regular session...". During this time,
861-422: The Senate has adopted rules to limit the abuse of this power. These include that all investigations should be "in aid of legislation", the right against self-incrimination should not be violated, the right to counsel should be respected, rules of procedures should be published and persons concerned should be informed of the rules, and the investigation shall not serve as a member's personal aggrandizement. Under
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#1732782456041902-458: The Senate is organized to elect its officers. Specifically, the 1987 Philippine Constitution provides a definite statement to it: (1) The Senate shall elect its President and the House of Representatives its Speaker by a vote of all its respective members. (2) Each House shall choose such other officers as it may deem necessary. (3) Each House may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly behavior, and, with
943-477: The Senate is the only body that can concur with treaties and try impeachment cases. The president of the Senate is the presiding officer and highest-ranking official of the Senate. They are elected by the entire body to be their leader and are second in the Philippine presidential line of succession . The current officeholder is Francis Escudero . The Senate has its roots in the Philippine Commission of
984-624: The Senate's temporary headquarters was at the half-ruined Manila City Hall . Congress then returned to the Legislative Building in 1950 upon its reconstruction. When President Ferdinand Marcos dissolved Congress in 1972, he built a new legislative complex in Quezon City . The unicameral parliament known as the Batasang Pambansa eventually met there in 1978. With the restoration of the bicameral legislature in 1987,
1025-618: The building had been awarded to Hilmarcs Construction Corporation, the same company the Senate investigated for alleged overpriced construction of the Makati City Hall Parking Building II in 2015. The reception to the design was mixed, with some Filipino netizens comparing it to a garbage can . By early 2021, the New Senate Building's construction was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in
1066-410: The concurrence of two-thirds of all its Members, suspend or expel a Member. A penalty of suspension, when imposed, shall not exceed sixty days. By virtue of these provisions of the 1987 Philippine Constitution , the Senate adopts its own rules, otherwise known as the "Rules of the Senate." The Rules of the Senate provide the following officers: a president , a president pro tempore , a secretary and
1107-404: The consent of both chambers before being passed for the president's signature. Once a bill is defeated in the Senate, it is lost. Once a bill is approved by the Senate on third reading , the bill is passed to the House of Representatives, unless an identical bill has also been passed by the lower house. When a counterpart bill in the lower house is different from the one passed by the Senate, either
1148-487: The earliest. As the Senate has rented GSIS for the office space, it asked the Bases Conversion and Development Authority (BCDA) to present suitable sites for it to move to, with the Senate eyeing the Navy Village property along Lawton Avenue as its favored site. In 2018, a building designed by AECOM was chosen as winner for the new home for the Senate and was expected to be built by 2022. Civil works to erect
1189-406: The effect of making hostile takeover attempts more difficult; however, they are also associated with lower firm value. When a board is staggered, hostile bidders must win more than one proxy fight at successive shareholder meetings in order to exercise control of the target firm . Particularly in combination with a poison pill , a staggered board that cannot be dismantled or evaded is one of
1230-415: The eight candidates with the highest number of votes being elected. While the Senate from 1916 to 1935 had exclusive confirmation rights over executive appointments, as part of the compromises that restored the Senate in 1941, the power of confirming executive appointments has been exercised by a joint Commission on Appointments composed of members of both houses. However, the Senate since its restoration and
1271-582: The entire electorate. The rationale for this rule intends to make the Senate a training ground for national leaders and possibly a springboard for the presidency . It follows also that the senator will have a broader outlook of the problems of the country, instead of being restricted by narrow viewpoints and interests by having a national rather than only a district constituency. The Senate Electoral Tribunal (SET) composed of three Supreme Court justices and six senators determines election protests on already-seated senators. There had been three instances where
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1312-476: The governor-general of the Philippines appointed the senators for the district. Future president Manuel L. Quezon , who was then Philippine Resident Commissioner , encouraged future president Sergio Osmeña , then Speaker of the House, to run for the leadership of the Senate, but Osmeña preferred to continue leading the lower house. Quezon then ran for the Senate and became Senate President serving for 19 years (1916–1935). This setup continued until 1935, when
1353-438: The independence of the Philippines in 1946 has the power to ratify treaties. The Senate finally convened in 1945 and served as the upper chamber of Congress from thereon until the declaration of martial law by President Ferdinand Marcos in 1972, which shut down Congress. The Senate was resurrected in 1987 upon the ratification of the 1987 Constitution . However, instead of eight senators being replaced after every election, it
1394-451: The most potent takeover defenses available to U.S. companies. In corporate cumulative voting systems, staggering has two basic effects: it makes it more difficult for a minority group to get directors elected, as the fewer directorships up for election requires a larger percent of the equity to win; and it makes takeover attempts less likely to succeed as it is harder to vote in a majority of new directors. Staggering may also however serve
1435-438: The name from other blue ribbon committees , with the mandate to investigate alleged irregularities from the executive branch. Thereafter, the Blue Ribbon Committee has become the most powerful Congressional committee, investigating alleged criminal misconduct by government officials in aid of legislation. However, the committee cannot incarcerate witnesses and resource persons, except in cases of contempt of Congress . However,
1476-466: The places in an elected body are up for election at the same time. For example, United States senators have a six-year term, but they are not all elected at the same time. Rather, elections are held every two years for one-third of Senate seats . Staggered elections have the effect of limiting control of a representative body by the body being represented, but can also minimize the impact of cumulative voting . Many companies use staggered elections as
1517-751: The power to try and convict, via a two-thirds supermajority, an impeached official. The Senate currently meets at the GSIS Building along Jose W. Diokno Boulevard in Pasay . Built on land reclaimed from Manila Bay , the Senate shares the complex with the Government Service Insurance System (GSIS). The Senate previously met at the Old Legislative Building in Manila until May 1997. The Senate occupied
1558-410: The senators from among themselves. Article VI, Section 2 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution provides that the Senate shall be composed of 24 senators who shall be elected at-large by the qualified voters of the Philippines , as may be provided by law. The composition of the Senate is smaller in number as compared to the House of Representatives . The members of this chamber are elected at large by
1599-450: The trend toward declassification or annual votes on all directors: more than half (55%) of the S&P 500 companies have declassified boards, compared with 47% in 2005. 12 of the 24 provincial legislatures have staggered elections: In the federal Senate , half of the Senate's 76 members are eligible for re-election every 3 years. All members elected from states have a six-year term staggered over two election cycles; senators elected from
1640-737: The upper floors (the Session Hall now restored to its semi-former glory) while the House of Representatives occupied the lower floors (now occupied by the permanent exhibit of Juan Luna 's Spoliarium as the museum's centerpiece), with the National Library at the basement. When the Legislative Building was ruined in World War II, the House of Representatives temporarily met at the Old Japanese Schoolhouse at Lepanto Street (modern-day S. H. Loyola Street), while
1681-436: Was changed to twelve. In the Senate, the officers are the Senate president , Senate president pro tempore , majority floor leader , minority floor leader and the Senate secretary and the Senate sergeant at arms who are elected by the senators from among the employees and staff of the Senate. Meanwhile, the Senate president, Senate president pro-tempore, the majority floor leader and the minority floor leader are elected by