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38-709: Close by is the famous Carthusian monastery, Serra San Bruno Charterhouse ( Certosa di Santo Stefano di Serra San Bruno ), around which the town grew up. The town is named after Saint Bruno of Cologne , who founded the Carthusian Order in 1053 and the Grande Chartreuse , mother house of the Carthusians, near Grenoble , in France . He built the charterhouse of Serra San Bruno in 1095, and died here in 1101. The municipality of Serra San Bruno contains

76-567: A Victorian monument marks the site. The Perth names Charterhouse Lane and Pomarium Flats (built on the site of the Priory's orchard) recall its existence. There is an active Carthusian house in England, St Hugh's Charterhouse, Parkminster , West Sussex. This has cells around a square cloister approximately 400 metres (0.25 mi) on a side, making it the largest cloister in Europe. It was built in

114-481: A cell, usually consisting of a small dwelling. Traditionally there is a one-room lower floor for the storage of wood for a stove and a workshop as all monks engage in some manual labour. A second floor consists of a small entryway with an image of the Virgin Mary as a place of prayer and a larger room containing a bed, a table for eating meals, a desk for study, a choir stall, and a kneeler for prayer. Each cell has

152-419: A church, a priest and woodland pasture. The present church of St Mary was built in the mid 15th century, and parts of the building were restored in 1753, 1772, 1832 and 1882. The nave and chancel were rebuilt in 1896, and there are 20th century vestries. The building is Grade II listed . The remains of Greasley Castle, a medieval fortified manor house, have been incorporated into a range of farm buildings. To

190-453: A hermitage, consisting of a few wooden cabins opening towards a gallery that allowed them access to the communal areas, the church, the refectory, and the chapter room without having to suffer too much from inclement conditions. Six years later, Bruno's former pupil, Pope Urban II , requested his services. Bruno would only live in Rome for a few short months however, before leaving to establish

228-404: A high-walled garden wherein the monk may meditate as well as grow flowers for himself and/or vegetables for the common good of the community, as a form of physical exercise. Next to the door is a small revolving compartment, called a "turn", so that meals and other items may be passed in and out of the cell without the hermit having to meet the bearer. Most meals are provided in this manner, which

266-402: A life of solitary prayer and join in the communal prayer and Mass in the chapel. However, the lay brothers are monks under a slightly different type of vows and spend less time in contemplative prayer and more time in manual labour. The lay brothers provide material assistance to the choir monks: cooking meals, doing laundry, undertaking physical repairs, providing the choir monks with books from

304-774: A new hermitage in Serra San Bruno , in Calabria , a region of southern Italy. He died there on 6 October 1101. In 1132, an avalanche destroyed the first hermitage, killing 7 monks under the snow. The fifth prior of Chartreuse, Guiges , rebuilt the hermitage. There were ten Carthusian monasteries in Britain before the Reformation, with one in Scotland and nine in England. The first was founded by Henry II of England in 1181 at Witham Friary , Somerset as penance for

342-418: A pastoral or missionary nature. Unlike most monasteries, they do not have retreatants, and those who visit for a prolonged period are people who are contemplating entering the monastery. As far as possible, the monks have no contact with the outside world. Carthusian nuns live a life similar to the monks but with some differences. Choir nuns tend to lead somewhat less eremitical lives, while still maintaining

380-642: A strong commitment to solitude and silence. Today, the monastery of the Grande Chartreuse is still the Motherhouse of the order. There is a museum illustrating the history of the Carthusian order next to Grande Chartreuse; the monks of that monastery are also involved in producing Chartreuse liqueur . Visits are not possible into the Grande Chartreuse itself, but the 2005 documentary Into Great Silence gave unprecedented views of life within

418-411: A version revised in 1981. Apart from the new elements in this revision, it is substantially the rite of Grenoble in the 12th century, with some admixture from other sources. According to current Catholic legislation, priests can celebrate the traditional rites of their order without further authorization. A feature unique to Carthusian liturgical practice is that the bishop bestows on Carthusian nuns, in

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456-548: Is also a small hamlet known as Bog-End. The parish is one of the largest in Nottinghamshire at 7.63 square miles (19.8 km ), the 2001 UK Census reporting it had a total population of 10,467, increasing to 11,014 in 2011, and 11,241 at the 2021 census . Greasley (then Griseleia ) is mentioned in the Domesday book as belonging to William Peverel and being worth ten shillings. The book includes reference to

494-414: Is contemplation. To this end, there is an emphasis on solitude and silence. Carthusians do not have abbots —instead, each charterhouse is headed by a prior and is populated by two types of monks: the choir monks , referred to as hermits , and the lay brothers. This reflects a division of labor in providing for the material needs of the monastery and the monks. For the most part, the number of brothers in

532-599: Is derived from the Chartreuse Mountains in the French Prealps : Bruno built his first hermitage in a valley of these mountains. These names were adapted to the English charterhouse , meaning a Carthusian monastery . Today, there are 23 charterhouses, 18 for monks and 5 for nuns. The alcoholic cordial Chartreuse has been produced by the monks of Grande Chartreuse since 1737, which gave rise to

570-529: Is the river Sherbourne which runs underneath the centre of the city. The best preserved remains of a medieval Charterhouse in the UK are at Mount Grace Priory near Osmotherley, North Yorkshire . One of the cells has been reconstructed to illustrate how different the layout is from monasteries of most other Christian orders, which are normally designed with communal living in mind. The London Charterhouse gave its name to Charterhouse Square and several streets in

608-546: The frazione (subdivision) Ninfo. Serra San Bruno borders the following municipalities: Arena , Gerocarne , Mongiana , Spadola , Brognaturo , Simbario , Stilo . The movie Le Quattro Volte was filmed in this town. Carthusian The Carthusians , also known as the Order of Carthusians ( Latin : Ordo Cartusiensis ), are a Latin enclosed religious order of the Catholic Church . The order

646-681: The Canal & River Trust , as it now feeds the Erewash Canal . It is managed as a carp fishery by Greasley Estates, covers 38 acres (15 ha) and is up to 30 feet (9.1 m) deep in places. The local author D H Lawrence used it as a setting in two of his books, calling it Willey Water in Women in Love and Nethermere in The White Peacock . William Warburton , who later became

684-635: The City of London , as well as to the Charterhouse School which used part of its site before moving out to Godalming , Surrey . Nothing remains at Hull or Sheen, although Hull Charterhouse is an almshouse that shared the site of the monastery. Axholme, Hinton, and Witham have slight remains. Perth Charterhouse , the single Carthusian Priory founded in Scotland during the Middle Ages ,

722-676: The United Kingdom (1) and the United States (1). Greasley Greasley is a civil parish north west of Nottingham in Nottinghamshire, England. Although it is thought there was once a village called Greasley, there is no settlement of that name today as it was destroyed by the Earl of Rutland. The built up areas in the parish are Beauvale , Giltbrook , Moorgreen (often confused with Greasley), Newthorpe , Watnall and parts of Eastwood , Kimberley and Nuthall . There

760-418: The 19th century to accommodate two communities which were expelled from the continent. The monastery is generally a small community of hermits based on the model of the 4th-century Lauras of Palestine. A Carthusian monastery consists of a number of individual cells built around a cloister. The individual cells are organised so that the door of each cell comes off a large corridor. The focus of Carthusian life

798-535: The Order has remained the same for centuries, as it is now: seven or eight brothers for every ten fathers. Humility is a characteristic of Carthusian spirituality. The Carthusian identity is one of shared solitude. Similar to the tradition of the Byzantine Rite , Carthusians eschew the use of musical instruments in worship. Each hermit, a monk who is or who will be a priest, has his own living space, called

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836-480: The buildings were individually given listed building protection. Nearby is Beauvale House, a small country house designed for Francis Cowper, 7th Earl Cowper by E. W. Godwin and constructed in 1871–73. It includes a service wing and stables, and is a grade II* listed structure. To the west of the wood is Moorgreen Reservoir, built in 1794 to supply water for the Nottingham Canal , and still owned by

874-510: The cell: he meditates, prays the minor hours of the Liturgy of the Hours on his own, eats, studies and writes, and works in his garden or at some manual trade. Unless required by other duties, the Carthusian hermit leaves his cell daily only for three prayer services in the monastery chapel, including the community Mass, and occasionally for conferences with his superior. Additionally, once a week,

912-533: The ceremony of their profession, a stole and a maniple . The nun, who may receive the consecration of virgins is then also invested with a crown and a ring. The nun wears these ornaments again only on the day of her monastic jubilee and on her bier after her death. At Matins , if no priest or deacon is present, a nun assumes the stole and reads the Gospel; and although in the time of the Tridentine Mass

950-474: The chanting of the Epistle was reserved to an ordained subdeacon, a consecrated virgin sang the Epistle at the conventual Mass, though without wearing the maniple. For centuries Carthusian nuns retained this rite, administered by the diocesan bishop four years after the nun took her vows. The formation of a Carthusian begins with 6 to 12 months of postulancy . This is followed by two years of novitiate , where

988-517: The community members take a long walk in the countryside during which they may speak. On Sundays and solemn feast days a community meal is taken in silence. Twice a year there is a day-long community recreation, and the monk may receive an annual visit from immediate family members. There have always been lay brothers in the charterhouse. When Bruno retired to the Chartreuse, two of his companions were secular ones: Andrew and Guerin. They also live

1026-541: The essentials were the same, there were variations in prayers and practices from region to region or among the various religious orders . When Pope Pius V made the Roman Missal mandatory for all Catholics of the Latin Church, he permitted the continuance of other forms of celebrating Mass that had an antiquity of at least two centuries. The rite used by the Carthusians was one of these and continues in use in

1064-458: The hermit then eats in the solitude of his cell. There are two meals provided for much of the year: lunch and supper. During seasons or days of fasting , just one meal is provided. The hermit makes his needs known to the lay brother by means of a note, requesting items such as a fresh loaf of bread, which will be kept in the cell for eating with several meals. Carthusians observe a perpetual abstinence from meat. The hermit spends most of his day in

1102-551: The hermitage. Today, Carthusians live very much as they originally did, without any relaxing of their rules. Generally, those wishing to enter must be between the ages of twenty-one and forty-five. Nowadays, medical examinations are considered necessary before the Novitiate and Profession. The Carthusian novice is introduced to Lectio divina (spiritual reading). In the 21st century, the Sélignac Charterhouse

1140-483: The library and managing supplies. The life of the brothers complements that of the choir monks and makes the fathers' lives of seclusion possible. During the brothers' seven-year formation period, some time is given each day to the study of the Bible, theology, liturgy, and spirituality. They can continue their studies throughout their lives. All of the monks live lives of silence. The Carthusians do not engage in work of

1178-566: The murder of Thomas Becket . Hugh of Lincoln was its first prior. The third Charterhouse built in Britain was Beauvale Priory , remains of which can still be seen in Beauvale , Greasley , Nottinghamshire . The Carthusians, as with all Catholic religious orders, were variously persecuted and banned during the Reformation . The abolition of their priories, which were sources of charity in England, particularly reduced their numbers. This

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1216-480: The name of the color , though the liqueur is in fact produced not only as green chartreuse, but also as yellow chartreuse. In Italy, the Carthusians are known as Certosini and their monastery as a Certosa. In 1084 Bishop Hugh of Grenoble offered Bruno, the former Chancellor of the Diocese of Reims, a solitary site in the mountains of his diocese, in the valley of Chartreuse. There Bruno and six companions built

1254-444: The north, on the edge of High Park Wood, are the remains of Beauvale Priory , founded in 1343, and one of only nine Carthusian monastic houses built in England. The prior and his predecessor were executed in 1535, following the passing of Henry VIII's Act of Succession, and the priory was dissolved in 1539. It was one of the first sites to be protected by its designation as a scheduled ancient monument on 10 April 1915, and in 1952,

1292-585: The novice wears a black cloak over the white Carthusian habit. Subsequently, the novice takes simple vows and becomes a junior professed for three years, during which the professed wears the full Carthusian habit. The simple vows may be renewed for another two years. Finally, the Carthusian makes the solemn profession. As of March 2024 , there are 21 extant charterhouses, 16 for monks and 5 for nuns, on three continents: Argentina (1), Brazil (1), France (6), Germany (1), Italy (3), Korea (2), Portugal (1), Slovenia (1), Spain (4), Switzerland (1),

1330-605: Was converted into a house in which lay people could come and experience Carthusian retreats, living the Carthusian life for shorter periods (an eight-day retreat being fixed as the minimum, to enter at least somewhat into the silent rhythm of the charterhouse). Before the Council of Trent in the 16th century, the Catholic Church in Western Europe had a wide variety of rituals for the celebration of Mass. Although

1368-580: Was followed by the French Revolution which had a similar effect in France. The Charterhouse, Coventry has been conserved and was opened to the public in April 2023. The area, about a mile from the centre of the city, is a conservation area, and the buildings had been in use as part of a local college. Inside the building is a medieval wall painting, alongside many carvings and wooden beams. Nearby

1406-548: Was founded by Bruno of Cologne in 1084 and includes both monks and nuns . The order has its own rule, called the Statutes , and their life combines both eremitical and cenobitic monasticism . The motto of the Carthusians is Stat crux dum volvitur orbis , Latin for 'The Cross is steady while the world turns'. The Carthusians retain a unique form of liturgy known as the Carthusian Rite . The name Carthusian

1444-622: Was located in Perth . It stood just west of the medieval town and was founded by James I (1406–1437) in the early 15th century. James I and Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scots (died 1445) were both buried in the priory church, as was Queen Margaret Tudor (died 1541), widow of James IV of Scotland . The Priory, said to have been a building of "wondrous cost and greatness", was sacked during the Scottish Reformation in 1559, and swiftly fell into decay. No remains survive above ground, though

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