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87-588: Shantou , alternately romanized as Swatow and sometimes known as Santow , is a prefecture-level city on the eastern coast of Guangdong , China, with a total population of 5,502,031 as of the 2020 census (5,391,028 in 2010) and an administrative area of 2,248.39 square kilometres (868.11 sq mi). However, its built-up (or metro) area is much bigger with 12,543,024 inhabitants including Rongcheng and Jiedong districts, Jiexi county and Puning city in Jieyang plus all of Chaozhou city largely conurbated. This

174-458: A hill at the back, the park has a dense growth of trees. Every February and March the park becomes a sea of blossoming rape plants. The Back Garden village is located to the north of Guolao Mountain which is in the central part of Nan'ao Island, with an altitude of 400–500 meters and a forest coverage rate of 90%. It has a pleasant climate, no bitter cold in winter or torrid heat in summer. Because of its high peaks, fertile land and dense forests, it

261-491: A local government on June 1, 1950. Nan'ao County is part of the prefecture-level city of Shantou in Guangdong Province , China. It chiefly rests on Nan'ao Island, which covers 111.73 square kilometers (43.14 sq mi), but also includes 35 other nearby islands. Altogether, it occupies 114.74 square kilometers (44.30 sq mi) of land and 4,600 square kilometers (1,800 sq mi) of sea. It

348-543: A long-time customs manager, was appointed postal secretary in 1901. Appointing a French national to the top position fulfilled an 1898 commitment by China to "take into account the recommendations of the French government" when selecting staff for the post office. Until 1911, the post office remained part of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service , which meant that Hart was Piry's boss. To resolve

435-486: A lot, all of which ensure the effective management and protection of local natural ecosystems such as bays, rocky banks, beaches, streams, gardens and vegetation. The Qing'ao bay corridor was built on the southern beach reefs of Qing'ao Bay. Pavilions have been constructed overlooking the sea. Located in the west of Nanao Island, with a total area of 13.73 km2, the park is an ecological park integrating natural landscape, cultural landscape and rejuvenating treatment. In 1992,

522-505: A number of romanizations, including Tongyong Pinyin and postal romanization. Nan%27ao Island Since ancient times, Nan'ao has been an important and necessary transit station for marine trade along the southeast coast of China and has been known as the "land of mutual market at sea". There have been human activities on Nan'ao island since the Neolithic Age , dating back to approximately 6000 BCE. Archeological sites indicate

609-534: A part of Chenghai County in Chao Prefecture ( Chaozhou ). As early as 1574, Shantou had been called Shashanping ( 沙汕坪 ). In the seventeenth century, a cannon platform called Shashantou Cannon ( 沙汕頭炮臺 ) was made here, and the place name later was shortened to "Shantou". Locally it has been referred to as Kialat. Connecting to Shantou across the Queshi Bridge is Queshi ( 礐石 ) which had been known by

696-465: A permanent population of 13,648,232 as of the 2020 census. Nevertheless, its built-up area spread on 11 districts, Puning city and Raoping county was home to 12,543,024 inhabitants as of 2020 census. This is de facto the fifth built-up area of China after Guangzhou-Shenzhen Pearl River Delta megacity, Shanghai-Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou conurbation, Beijing and Hangzhou-Shaoxing agglomeration. Most residents are linguistically Chaoshan Min . Chaoshan dialect

783-714: A romanization system called the Nanking syllabary . The Imperial Maritime Customs Post Office would cancel postage with a stamp that gave the city of origin in Latin letters, often romanized using Giles's system. In 1896, the Customs Post was combined with other postal services and renamed the Chinese Imperial Post . As a national agency, the Imperial Post was an authority on Chinese place names. When

870-706: A transport hub and a merchandise distribution centre in Southeast China, Shantou Port's cargo throughput ranked third in the country. A brief account of a visit to the city in English during this period is the English accountant Max Relton's A Man in the East: A Journey through French Indo-China (Michael Joseph Ltd., London, 1939). On 21 June 1939, Japanese troops invaded Shantou . Japanese forces occupied Shantou until 15 August 1945. The Communist People's Liberation Army captured Shantou on 24 October 1949, 23 days after

957-627: A true representation of the varieties of Chinese orthoepy as evinced by the Post Office's repeated desire to transcribe according to "local pronunciation" or "provincial sound-equivalents". At the Commission on the Unification of Pronunciation in 1913, the idea of a national language with a standardized trans-regional phonology was approved. A period of turmoil followed as President Yuan Shikai reversed course and attempted to restore

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1044-612: Is a variant of Min Nan (Hokkien-Taiwanese) spoken in the neighbouring Southern Fujian and Taiwan. There are also Hakka , popularly known as Half- Hakka ( 半山客 ), living mainly in Chaoyang District and Chaonan District, although they speak Chaoshan on a daily basis and practise Chaoshan culture. The Mandarin-medium education system, widely promoted throughout China, has made most people, especially younger generations, speak Mandarin fluently. Cantonese language TV and labor migrations to

1131-607: Is also suggested. Based in Shantou, Shantou Airlines Co. operated by China Southern Airlines has a 15 aircraft fleet in service. There are 3 railway stations which serve Shantou: Chaoshan Railway Station and Chaoyang railway station which lie on the Xiamen-Shenzhen Railway line, and Shantou Railway Station which lies on the Guangzhou–Meizhou–Shantou Railway and is under construction for

1218-579: Is believed to have been the place where the Ming dynasty pirate, Wu Ping, hid his treasures. According to legend, during the Jiajing period of the Ming dynasty, because of the crisis of the government, official corruption, financial crisis and the severe frontier crisis, the people lived a miserable life. The pirate Wu Ping built a camp in Shen'ao bay, which eventually became Wu Ping's sphere of influence; nowadays

1305-478: Is between 20 and 22 °C (68 and 72 °F), which is slightly higher in coastal and low-lying areas, and lower in mountainous areas. The coolest month is February. From mid-February to the first ten days of April, the temperature goes up gradually, reaching over 22 °C in the second ten days of April. In mid-July, the temperature reaches 27.6 °C (81.7 °F). It gradually decreases from mid-September and drops below 22 °C in early November. In general,

1392-415: Is connected with a loop highway which circumferences the island. Prior to the completion of Nan'ao Bridge, those who wished to travel between Nan'ao and the mainland had to use a ferry, which would not run in the event of strong winds or thick fog. The route of the bridge is 11.08 kilometres (6.88 mi) long, of which the total length of the bridge is 9,341 metres (5.804 mi), and the total length of

1479-430: Is de facto the 5th built-up area in mainland China between Hangzhou - Shaoxing (13,035,026 inhabitants), Xi'an - Xianyang (12,283,922 inhabitants) and Tianjin (11,165,706 inhabitants). Shantou, a city significant in 19th-century Chinese history as one of the treaty ports established for Western trade and contact, was one of the original special economic zones of China established in the 1980s, but did not blossom in

1566-599: Is home to the Nan'ao dialect ( 南澳话 ; Nán'àohuà ), which is part of the broader Teochew dialect . The dialect differs by town , with those in Houzhai  [ zh ] speaking similarly to the region of mainland region of Chaochengrao  [ zh ] , whereas those in Yun'ao  [ zh ] and Shen'ao  [ zh ] speak more like dialects heard in Zhangzhou , Quanzhou , and Xiamen . Owing to

1653-599: Is included in the Chinese Famous Passes List as Shanhai Pass and Jiayu Pass of the Great Wall. The pass, which was built in 1585 during the Ming dynasty, has been repaired and expanded over the centuries. The existing wall, built in 1982, is 24 meters long, 7 meters wide and 5 meters high. To the northeast of Nan'ao Island, there is a small island not far from the coast, with a total area of less than 1,000 square meters, known as "Treasure Island." It

1740-456: Is located at the mouths of the Han , Rong ( 榕江 ), and Lian Rivers . Shantou is 301 km (187 mi) northeast of Hong Kong . Shantou has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cwa ), with short, mild to warm winters, and long, hot, humid summers. Winter begins sunny and dry but becomes progressively wetter and cloudier. Spring is generally overcast, while summer brings

1827-513: Is named Paradise of Birds, There are more than 90 species of birds here, including 46 species of migratory birds under the Sino-Japanese Conservation Agreement, 3 species of national first-class protected birds, and 5 species of second-class protected birds. Every year during June to September, thousands of marine migratory birds gather here. Egret Park is an important habitat for egrets. Fronting water and with

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1914-510: Is provided by bus, ferry, bike sharing system and taxi. Residents also travel by private car and motorbikes . There are two bridges throughout the city that cross the Shantou Harbor: the Queshi Bridge and Shantou Bay Bridge . A metro system is planned with construction of 3 lines (Lines 1, 2, and 3) commencing in 2018 and opening of the system planned in 2020. Shantou previously had its own civil airport, Shantou Waisha Airport . It

2001-561: Is suitable for the development of planting and aquaculture, especially tea planting. The fishing village is located in the Lieyu bay of Shen'ao town. The waters here are wide and calm. It used to be an important ferry place of the ancient maritime Silk Road and ancient battlefield. Nowadays, it has become a seafood farm, where groupers, abalones, pearls, seaweed, shellfish and other valuable seafood are cultivated. The Maritime Silk Road Square (Haisi square), which completed its construction before

2088-516: Is the largest island wind farm in Asia. The local government devotes much attention to the development of wind energy resources and wind power, a renewable and pollution-free new energy source. Nine wind farms have been built in the central and eastern mountainous areas of the island. Nan'ao Wind Farm is the first project in China that realizes large-scale wind-PV complementary power generation, and creates

2175-682: Is the only island county in Guangdong. The southern coast of Nan'ao island forms part of the southern boundary of the Taiwan Strait , and it is only 7 nautical miles (13 km; 8.1 mi) from the Pacific international transport route. Since the island is located on the Tropic of Cancer, it has subtropical monsoon climate and marine climate, characterised by long, humid, sunny summer and short, mild winter. The annual average temperature

2262-1371: The Shantou Daily (Municipal) keep providing both newspaper service and e-newspaper service for Shantou citizens and other readers. Education is overseen provincewide by the Guangdong Education Bureau. Shantou has a host of well-known schools: Shantou is twinned with: Shantou has friendly relations with: Many notable Chinese come from Shantou or their ancestral home is Shantou. Direct-administered municipalities . Sub-provincial cities as provincial capitals . Separate state-planning cities . Special economic-zone cities . Open coastal cities . Prefecture capital status established by Heilongjiang Province and not recognized by Ministry of Civil Affairs. Disputed by Oroqen Autonomous Banner , Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia as part of it. Only administers islands and waters in South China Sea and have no urban core comparable to typical cities in China. The claimed province of Taiwan no longer have any internal division announced by Ministry of Civil Affairs of PRC, due to lack of actual jurisdiction. See Template:Administrative divisions of Taiwan instead. Chinese postal romanization Postal romanization

2349-580: The Wade–Giles system became widespread, some argued that the post office should adopt it. This idea was rejected at a conference held in 1906 in Shanghai . Instead, the conference formally adopted Nanking syllabary. This decision allowed the post office to continue to use various romanizations that it had already selected. Wade–Giles romanization is based on the Beijing dialect , a pronunciation standard since

2436-402: The 1850s. The use of Nanking syllabary did not suggest that the post office considered Nanjing pronunciation to be standard. Rather, it was an attempt to accommodate a variety of Mandarin pronunciations with a single romanization system. The spelling "Amoy" is based on pronunciation of Xiamen in the neighboring Zhangzhou dialect of Hokkien 廈門 ; Ēe-mûi , which historically contributed to

2523-656: The American press adopted pinyin in 1979. The International Organization for Standardization followed suit in 1982. Postal romanization remained official in Taiwan until 2002, when Tongyong Pinyin was adopted. In 2009, Hanyu Pinyin replaced Tongyong Pinyin as the official romanization (see Chinese language romanization in Taiwan ). While street names in Taipei have been romanized via Hanyu Pinyin, municipalities throughout Taiwan, such as Kaohsiung and Tainan , presently use

2610-711: The Beisha Bay and the Qianjiang Bay. The sailing square, which is the first sightseeing spot after entering the island from the Nan'ao bridge, has now become a combination of parking lot, sitting-out area, coastal sightseeing point and commercial street. With a view of the sea-crossing bridge, it is popular with photographers. The Gate of Nature is located on the Square of the Tropic of Cancer in Qing'ao bay. The design of

2697-803: The Guangzhou-Shanwei-Shantou 350 km/h high speed railway. The Shantou Cultural Revolution Museum ( 文革博物馆 ; Wéngé bówùguǎn ) was the country's only museum dedicated to the Cultural Revolution . It closed in 2016. In 1912 Swatow had four newspapers, all in Chinese. They were Han Chao Pao , Ming Chuan (People's Rights), Ta Fung Pao (The Typhoon), and Ta Tung Pao (Eastern Times). In 2018, Shantou Metropolis Daily Post and Shantou Special Economic Zone Evening News both stopped their traditional newspaper business and transform into e-newspaper newspapers. Meanwhile,

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2784-495: The Japanese ousted A. M. Chapelain, the last French head of the Chinese post. The post office had been under French administration almost continuously since Piry's appointment as postal secretary in 1901. In 1958, Communist China announced that it was adopting the pinyin romanization system. Implementing the new system was a gradual process. The government did not get around to abolishing postal romanization until 1964. Even then,

2871-445: The Ming dynasty wall left in Nan'ao. It records its important history of coastal defense. The wall was repaired and renovated in 2015, around which an ancient city park was built. Inside the park there are various species of trees, including nanmu trees, peach trees, silver fir , and Spathodea campanulata . Xiongzhen Pass, located in the junction of Yun'ao Town and Shen'ao town, has been strategically situated from ancient times. It

2958-454: The Ming dynasty, the central government sent troops here and set up a vice-general office, which was then upgraded to a General Headquarters during the Qing dynasty . Inside the headquarters there is a museum which records the history of coastal defense here. In Kingshan village of Shen'ao town, there is an ancient wall about 5 meters high and more than 40 meters long, which is the only section of

3045-690: The Ministry of Forestry of China approved the original Yellow Flower Mountain Forest Farm as the "Island National Forest Park". Here there is the Dajian mountain, which is known as the "First Peak in Shantou", with an elevation of 588.1 meters. It is the only island national forest park in China. The erosion of sea breeze, sunshine and rainwater for a long time cause weathering of rocks, which is called granite landform. A large number of Taiwan Acacia trees are planted here, yellow flowers blossom in spring, hence

3132-524: The Pearl River Delta has also made Cantonese widely spoken as a third language by the younger generations. Governmental statistics show that 2.16 million overseas Chinese have roots in Shantou, with significant populations of Teochew people residing in Thailand and Cambodia , which constitute a majority of Thai Chinese and a majority of Chinese Cambodians . This is demonstrated by

3219-454: The People's Republic of China was founded. With higher-level administrative authority, Shantou governed Chaozhou City and Jieyang City from 1983 to 1989. Shantou is located in eastern Guangdong with latitude spanning 23°02′33″ – 23°38′50″ N and longitude 116°14′40″ – 117°19′35″ E; the Tropic of Cancer passes through the northern part of the city, and along it there is a monument, in fact

3306-517: The Post Office, quietly ordered a return to Nanking syllabary "until such time as uniformity is possible." Although the Soothill-Wade period was brief, it was a time when 13,000 offices were created, a rapid and unprecedented expansion. At the time the policy was reversed, one third of all postal establishments used Soothill-Wade spelling. The Ministry published a revised pronunciation standard based strictly on Jilu Mandarin in 1932. In 1943,

3393-823: The Shantou metropolitan area are operated by the Government of Shantou. Management of these hospitals and other specialist health facilities are coordinated by Shantou Board of Health. Shantou's electricity is provided entirely by China Southern Power Grid , postal service operated by China Post . Shantou is one of the most important international telecommunications ports in China. Four international submarine communications cables land at Shantou submarine cable landing station, including APCN 2 , China-US Cable Network , SMW3 and South-East Asia Japan Cable System (SJC). China Telecom , China Unicom and China Mobile provide fixed lines, broadband internet access and mobile telecommunications services there. Public transportation

3480-564: The Spring Festival of 2018, is an important part of the Blue Bay Rehabilitation Project of the local government. It now serves as a sitting-out area with sea views, for local residents and tourists. The statues on the square show the cultural connotation of this island, which used to be a node of the maritime silk road in ancient times. From the square there are walking routes along the coastal corridor to

3567-615: The Treaty Ports were incorporated into the new service. The Customs Post was smaller than other postal services in China, such as the British. As the Imperial Post, it grew rapidly and soon became the dominant player in the market. In 1899, Hart, as inspector general of posts, asked postmasters to submit romanizations for their districts. Although Hart asked for transliterations "according to the local pronunciation", most postmasters were reluctant to play lexicographer and simply looked up

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3654-564: The Wade–Giles system to be specific to English. Atlases explaining postal romanization were issued in 1907, 1919, 1933, and 1936. The ambiguous result of the 1906 conference led critics to complain that postal romanization was idiosyncratic. According to modern scholar Lane J. Harris: What they have criticized is actually the very strength of postal romanization. That is, postal romanization accommodated local dialects and regional pronunciations by recognizing local identity and language as vital to

3741-606: The biggest tax fraud in the history of the People's Republic of China was uncovered, estimated worthy of 32.3 billion yuan. In 2017, the analyzed data of Shantou GDP is approximately 230 billion yuan(US$ 35.4 billion). With an area of 2.34 km (0.90 sq mi), Shantou Free Trade Zone lies at the south part of Shantou city. It was ratified by the State Council of the People's Republic of China and founded in January 1993, and it formally came into use on December of

3828-441: The city receives 1,979 hours of bright sunshine annually. Extremes since 1951 have ranged from 0.3 °C (33 °F) (unofficial record of −0.6 °C (31 °F) was set on 18 January 1893) to 38.8 °C (102 °F). Shantou is a prefecture-level city . It has direct jurisdiction over six districts and one county . As of 2003, the district of Haojiang was established out of Hepu and Dahao which had been merged, and

3915-417: The close geographic proximity to Taiwan , as well as close linguistic and cultural connections, the county government estimates that over 100,000 people hailing from Nan'ao County live in Taiwan. In 2019, Nan'ao County's gross domestic product reached ¥2.933 billion, its total retail sales of consumer goods was ¥2.854 billion, and the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery

4002-399: The connecting line is 1,739 metres (1.081 mi). The maximum speed of traffic traveling along the bridge is 60 kilometres per hour (37 mph). The width of the road is 12 metres (39 ft), and the width of the bridge is 11 metres (36 ft). Cycles, motorcycles and pedestrians are banned from using the bridge. Located in the central part of the east peninsula, Nan'ao Wind Farm

4089-501: The decision to use Nanking syllabary was not intended to suggest that the post office recognized any specific dialect as standard. The Lower Yangtze Mandarin dialect spoken in Nanjing makes more phonetic distinctions than other dialects. A romanization system geared to this dialect can be used to reflect pronunciation in a wider variety of dialects. Southern Mandarin is widely spoken in both Jiangsu and Anhui . In Giles' idealization,

4176-409: The devastating Swatow Typhoon , which killed 5,000 out of the 65,000 people then inhabiting the city. Some nearby villages were totally destroyed. Several ships near the coast were totally wrecked. Other ones were blown as far as two miles inland. The area around the city had around another 50,000 casualties. The total death toll was above 60,000, and may have been higher than 100,000. In the 1930s, as

4263-423: The dialects of various other cities, allowing the reader to create locally based transliteration. From January 1893 to September 1896, local postal services issued postage stamps that featured the romanized name of the city they served using local pronunciation. An imperial edict issued in 1896 designated the Customs Post a national postal service and renamed it the Chinese Imperial Post . The local post offices in

4350-448: The district of Jinping Shengping and Jinyuan ; Waisha and Xinxi Town, part of former Chenghai City, was merged into Longhu District; Chenghai City became Chenghai District; Chaoyang City was divided and became Chaoyang and Chaonan District respectively. Shantou's economy is medium by Guangdong standards. Manufacturing accounts for a large and increasing share of employment. Canning , garments, lithography, plastic, and toys are some of

4437-479: The easternmost in mainland China, at 23°26′33″N 116°35′20″E  /  23.44240°N 116.58885°E  / 23.44240; 116.58885 . The highest peak in the city's administration is Mount Dajian ( 大尖山 ) on Nan'ao Island , at 587 m (1,926 ft); the highest peak on the geographic mainland is Mount Lianhua ( 莲花山 ), at 562 m (1,844 ft) in Chenghai District . The city

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4524-591: The emperor, ministers, soldiers and their horses, respectively named Dragon Well, Tiger Well and Horse Well. Over the past 700 years, the Southern Song dynasty well has appeared and disappeared from time to time. Although it is only 10 meters away from the sea, the water inside is pure and sweet. Nan'ao General Headquarters is the only island-level administrative General Headquarters in China. Because of Nan'ao's strategic geographical location, it has always been an important military site since ancient times. During

4611-536: The formation of the local Amoy dialect of Hokkien in Xiamen . "Peking" is carried over from the d'Anville map which also came from older texts, such as Italian Jesuit Martino Martini 's De Bello Tartarico Historia (1654) and Novus Atlas Sinensis (1655). In Nanking syllabary, the city is Pehking . The irregular oo in "Soochow" is to distinguish this city from Xuzhou in northern Jiangsu. The other postal romanizations are based on "Southern Mandarin",

4698-635: The heaviest rains of the year though is much sunnier; there are 8.2 days annually with 50 mm (1.97 in) of rainfall. Autumn is sunny and dry. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 14.7 °C (58.5 °F) in January to 29.1 °C (84.4 °F) in July, and the annual mean is 22.58 °C (72.6 °F). The annual rainfall is around 1,618 mm (64 in), about 60% of which occurs from May to August. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 28% in March to 58% in July and October,

4785-470: The highest temperature is 32–34 °C (90–93 °F) and the lowest is 4–6 °C (39–43 °F). Nan'ao County administers three towns : Houzhai  [ zh ] , Yun'ao  [ zh ] , and Shen'ao  [ zh ] . These three towns are then divided into 5 residential communities and 41 administrative villages . As of 2019, Nan'ao County had a permanent population of 62,600, who were mostly Han Chinese . The island

4872-554: The historical court dialect based on the Nanjing dialect , which used to be the imperial lingua franca of the late Ming and early Qing court. Pinyin spellings are based on Standard Chinese , a form based on the Beijing dialect that is taught in the Chinese education system. After the Kuomintang (KMT) party came to power in 1927, the capital was moved from Peking ('northern capital') to Nanking ('southern capital'). Peking

4959-530: The island was home to a Neolithic people known today as the Xiangshan culture ( Chinese : 象山文化 ; pinyin : Xiàngshān Wénhuà ). Additionally, the Dongkengzi Shang and Zhou culture site  [ zh ] located in Nan'ao provides evidence of ancient human inhabitation. Nan'ao belonged to Nanyue during its existence. Nan'ao was incorporated into the Han dynasty 's territory and

5046-563: The island. The former site of the Nan'ao General Headquarters still exists and has become an important cultural tourist attraction. In 1732, the island was organized as a ting    [ zh ] . In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the island was reorganized as Nan'ao County. The island fell to the Communists on 3 March 1950. Communist forces established

5133-405: The local people through the 19th century as Kakchio. It was the main site for the American and British consulates. Today the area is a scenic park but some of the structures from its earlier history are somewhat preserved. In 1860, Shantou was opened for foreigners and became a trading port according to Treaty of Tientsin . It became a city in 1919, and was separated from Chenghai in 1921. 1922 saw

5220-500: The majority local Chinese populace is dominantly Teochew and as well as the second largest group of the local Chinese population in Singapore. Shantou people share the same culture with other Teochew . The tea-drinking tradition widely practised in town is a classic instance. According to China Daily , Shantou people "drink more tea than anyone else in China, in total 700 million yuan (US$ 87.5 million) each year". Most of

5307-521: The manner that cities such as Shenzhen , Xiamen and Zhuhai did. However, it remains eastern Guangdong's economic centre, and is home to Shantou University , which is under the provincial Project 211 program in Guangdong. Shantou was a fishing village part of Tuojiang Du ( 鮀江都 ), Jieyang County during the Song dynasty . It came to be known as Xialing ( 廈嶺 ) during the Yuan dynasty . In 1563, Shantou became

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5394-491: The most densely populated regions in China. Former Chaoyang City was China's most populous county-level administrative region, with 2.4 million inhabitants. Shantou has direct jurisdiction over six districts and one county, and the six urban districts of Shantou have a population of 5,330,764. With it and the surrounding cities of Jieyang and Chaozhou , the administrative metropolitan area known as Chaoshan covers an area of 10,404 km (4,017 sq mi), and had

5481-467: The name Yellow Flower Mountain. The park is rich in natural resources and cultural landscape, the forest coverage is over 90%. There are over 1440 tropical and subtropical plants in 102 families, including Podocarpus Nagi, which is called living fossil, fine-leaved grapes, and boxwood plants. It has more than 40 kinds of national protected wild animals such as Plumed Egret, pythons and Cyclemys trifasciata (money turtles). Nanao migratory bird nature reserve

5568-477: The population in Shantou is non-religious or practices traditional folk religions , Buddhism , Taoism , or worship of Chinese deities and ancestors . About 2% of the population belongs to an organised religion, with 40,000 Protestants , 20,000 Catholics and 500 Muslims . St. Joseph's Cathedral of Shantou is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Shantou . The public hospitals in

5655-466: The post office did not adopt pinyin, but merely withdrew Latin characters from official use, such as in postal cancellation markings. Mapmakers of the time followed various approaches. Private atlas makers generally used postal romanization in the 1940s, but they later shifted to Wade–Giles. The U.S. Central Intelligence Agency used a mix of postal romanization and Wade–Giles. The U.S. Army Map Service used Wade–Giles exclusively. The U.S. government and

5742-482: The precedent for China's development and utilization of renewable energies. The towers may be seen when driving up the mountain roads to the turbine site. Nan'ao is the only island-wide AAAA-level tourist area in China. In 1276 (during the Southern Song dynasty ), the Ming emperor fled to Nan'ao in order to escape the pursuit of the Yuan army. The local residents excavated three wells to provide water for

5829-502: The principal products. Toy manufacturing is the city's leading export industry, with 400 million U.S. dollars worth of exports each year. Canaton Calculator Co. is a multinational electronic devices manufacturing company. Guiyu , a populous town in Chaoyang District , is the biggest electronic waste site on earth. Health-environmental issues incurred have concerned international organizations such as Greenpeace . In 2000,

5916-726: The relevant characters in a dictionary. The spellings that they submitted generally followed the Wade–Giles system, which was the standard method of transliteration at this time. The post office published a draft romanization map in 1903. Disappointed with the Wade-based map, Hart issued another directive in 1905. This one told postmasters to submit romanizations "not as directed by Wade, but according to accepted or usual local spellings." Local missionaries could be consulted, Hart suggested. However, Wade's system did reflect pronunciation in Mandarin-speaking areas. Théophile Piry,

6003-481: The romanization issue, Piry organized an Imperial Postal Joint-Session Conference in Shanghai in the spring of 1906. This was a joint postal and telegraphic conference. The conference resolved that existing spellings would be retained for names already transliterated. Accents, apostrophes, and hyphens would be dropped to facilitate telegraphic transmission. The requirement for addresses to be given in Chinese characters

6090-479: The same period last year, and the total tourism revenue increased by 20.6% compared with the same period last year. income (USD) Nan'ao Bridge  [ zh ] , a cross-sea bridge connecting Chenghai District and Nan'ao County, was officially opened to traffic on January 1, 2015. The bridge starts at Laiwuwei ( 莱芜围 ) in Chenghai District, and ends at Changshanwei ( 长山尾 ), Nan'ao County, which

6177-476: The same year after its supervision installations were checked and accepted by the General Administration of Customs . It has been comprehensively developing export processing, storage, international trade, finance and information industry. Its goal is to establish a modernized international zone that is open to overseas by drawing experience from international free trade zones. Shantou is one of

6264-528: The speaker consistently makes various phonetic distinctions not made in Beijing dialect (or in the dialect of any other specific city). Giles created the system to encompass a range of dialects. For the French-led post office, an additional advantage of the system was that it allowed "the romanization of non-English speaking people to be met as far as possible," as Piry put it. That is to say, Piry considered

6351-748: The sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer, the shadow will pass through the central tube of the upper sphere, and the sun shines directly on the center of the platform. The Turtle Lake is under the Eagle Rocky Hill. The attractions nearby are: a stone-carving area where there are more than 1,000 works by famous calligraphers from all over the world, Anti-Japanese Memorial Hall, Educational Youth Hall, Dajian Mountain sightseeing Pavilion, Giant Stone Turtle Sculpture, Ancient Banyan Tree, and Changshangwei Qing Dynasty Emplacement site. The Southward Pavilion and Auspicious Cloud Square are viewing points. The Tianzai Geopark displays granite landforms typical of

6438-497: The teaching of Literary Chinese . Yuan died in 1916 and the Ministry of Education published a pronunciation standard now known as Old National Pronunciation for Guoyu in 1918. The post office reverted to Wade's system in 1920 and 1921. It was the era of the May Fourth Movement , when language reform was the rage. The post office adopted a dictionary by William Edward Soothill as a reference. The Soothill-Wade system

6525-413: The tertiary industry is 930 million RMB(138,890,850 USD), an increase of 5.7% over 2017. The total agricultural output value was 2.19 billion yuan (327,065,550 USD), an increase of 4.2% over 2017. Since the opening of Nanao Bridge, the local economy has been booming, especially in tourism. According to official statistics, the total tourists reached 5.93 million in 2017, an increase of 10.5% compared with

6612-861: The tide is high, the land cannot be immersed by water, but when tide ebbs the land is flooded", suggesting that it should be a place with fresh water. The location of the buried treasure remains unknown. Located at the easternmost end of Nan'ao Island, lying on the Tropic of Cancer, Qing'ao Bay is the first place in Guangdong Province to see sunrise. In recent years, Qing'ao Bay has been developed as an important area for creation of national-level ecological demonstration zones and national 4A-level tourist zones. Coastal garden construction, ecological environment construction of sewage treatment project, beach comprehensive treatment, hotel domestic sewage discharge standard, mountain spring water source protection, and sea area environmental improvement have been developed

6699-446: The tower evolved from the Chinese character "door" . The radius of the sphere is 3.21 meters (corresponding to March 21, Spring Equinox), the cantilever length is 6.22 meters (corresponding to the summer solstice on June 22), the height of the tower is 12.22 meters (corresponding to the winter solstice on December 22), and the inclination angle of the two portal pillars corresponds to 23.50 North latitude. Every summer solstice at noon, when

6786-408: The unusually high number of international direct flights between Bangkok and Shantou. In addition, there are at least two Teochew -speaking air hostesses on board each China Southern flight between Shantou and Bangkok. The Teochew presence, furthermore, is evident in Singapore and Malaysia ; Johor Bahru , a coastal city situated at the latter's southernmost tip, is known as 'Little Swatow', due to

6873-479: The village is still named after him. In 1565 Wu Ping was defeated by the general who was sent by the imperial court to Nan'ao. Wu Ping hid all his treasures in the small island now known as Treasure Island, and then jumped into the sea to commit suicide. After the death of Wu Ping, there was a saying circulating among the local residents that describes the hiding place: "underwater at low tide, surface at high tide". The meaning of this sentence in local dialect is: "when

6960-420: Was a system of transliterating place names in China developed by postal authorities in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. For many cities, the corresponding postal romanization was the most common English-language form of the city's name from the 1890s until the 1980s, when postal romanization was replaced by pinyin , but the system remained in place on Taiwan until 2002. In 1892, Herbert Giles created

7047-467: Was administered under the jurisdiction of Jieyang County  [ zh ] , Nanhai Commandery . During the Ming and Qing dynasties , the central government dispatched 158 military officers and deputy officers to Nan'ao. In 1575, Ming military commanders incorporated Nan'ao, dividing the island between Chaozhou Fu  [ zh ] and Zhangzhou Fu . In 1685, Qing officials further reinforced

7134-427: Was dropped. For new transliterations, local pronunciation would be followed in Guangdong as well as in parts of Guangxi and Fujian . In other areas, a system called Nanking syllabary would be used. Nanking syllabary is one of several transliteration systems presented by Giles to represent various local dialects. Nanjing had once been the capital and its dialect was, like that of Beijing, a pronunciation standard. But

7221-465: Was formerly the main airport serving the Shantou until nearby Jieyang Chaoshan Airport was opened on 15 December 2011. Shantou Waisha Airport became a military airbase since then and all civilian flights were transferred to the newly built airport in Jieyang. Taxi is the usual way to travel between the airport and the city proper. The taxi fare is around 60 RMB . Airport-Downtown Shantou shuttle charter

7308-423: Was marked with a romanized form of the city's name. In addition, there were companies that provided local postal service in each of these cities. A Chinese-English Dictionary by Herbert Giles, published in 1892, popularized the Wade–Giles method of transliteration. This system had been created by Thomas Francis Wade in 1867. It is based on pronunciation in Beijing. Giles's dictionary also gives pronunciation in

7395-601: Was renamed to "Peiping" ('northern peace'). The Customs Post, China's first government-run post office, opened to the public and began issuing postage stamps in 1878. This office was part of the Imperial Maritime Customs Service , led by Irishman Robert Hart . By 1882, the Customs Post had offices in twelve Treaty Ports : Shanghai , Amoy , Chefoo , Chinkiang , Chungking , Foochow , Hankow , Ichang , Kewkiang , Nanking , Weihaiwei , and Wuhu . Local offices had postmarking equipment so mail

7482-428: Was used for newly created offices. Existing post offices retained their romanizations. Critics described the Ministry's standard, now called Old National Pronunciation , as a mishmash of dialects, bookish, and reminiscent of previous dynasties. While drawing phonetic features from Beijing dialect, many phonological features of Southern Mandarin had been retained. In December 1921, Henri Picard-Destelan , co-director of

7569-682: Was ¥2.34 billion. As of 2018, the total import and export volume was 99.04 million RMB (14,806,579 USD), an increase of 22.8% over 2017. The revenue of public finance budget is 262 million RMB (39,169,262 USD), an increase of 13.2% over the previous year, of which the tax revenue is 188 million RMB (28,106,188 USD), an increase of 40.8% over 2017. The total investment in fixed assets is 2.030 billion RMB (299,450,503 USD), an increase of 13.4% over 2017. The GDP reached 2.466 billion RMB (368,669,466 USD), an increase of 5% over 2017. The total retail sales of consumer goods were 2.662 billion RMB (397,556,390 USD), an increase of 8.9% over 2017. The increase value of

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