137-459: The She Rockers were a female hip hop group from London , featuring Donna 'She Roc' McConnell, Antonia 'MC Aurra' Jolly, Dupe Fagbesa and Alison Clarkson (who later found fame as Betty Boo ). She Rockers' first release - as a trio of McConnell, Fagbesa and Clarkson - was a track on the Known 2 Be Down compilation of UK hip hop artists from West London. "Give It A Rest", the band's only single as
274-681: A recording contract with Jive Records , releasing several singles including "Jam It Jam", and an album , Rockers from London (Jive, 1990). Rockers From London showcased a move towards the contemporary hip house style, was part written and produced by Todd Terry and featured productions by Technotronic and Double Trouble . "Jam It Jam" reached #58 in the UK Singles Chart in January 1990. In addition to She Rockers, MC Aurra recorded with Rhythm King artists Bomb The Bass and Merlin , Aurra and Clarkson - as Hit and Run - released
411-572: A "Blackbox freestyle" in 2015 which helped him rise to prominence. The following year, Dave was noticed by Canadian rapper Drake, who later featured on a remix of his song "Wanna Know". Glastonbury Festival The Glastonbury Festival (formally the Glastonbury Festival of Contemporary Performing Arts and known colloquially as Glasto ) is a five-day festival of contemporary performing arts held near Pilton, Somerset , England, in most summers. In addition to contemporary music,
548-496: A British hip hop Orchestra that "explore the shared territory between jazz and hip hop by taking modern classics such as Madvillain and J Dilla’s back catalogue and filtering them through classic arrangement techniques." The group is influenced by the style of hip hip associated with Detroit in the US and have recorded with Illa J and Slum Village . They perform with UK MC's Micall Parknsun, Joker Starr and Yungun . By 2014, grime music
685-698: A Gun and was the first British rapper to appear on Top of the Pops . Building on Derek B's success, Music of Life went on to sign groups such as Hijack , the Demon Boyz , Hardnoise (later Son of Noise) and MC Duke . Their Hard as Hell series mixed homegrown talent like Thrashpack and the She Rockers with US artists such as Professor Griff . Music of Life was swiftly followed by other labels such as Mango Records and Kold Sweat. Another successful British hip-hop artist that emerged from Music of Life
822-478: A Mercury Music Prize for his debut Boy in da Corner . From then on, grime artists were the only MC's for interested record labels, and UK Hip-Hop's momentum dried up. A new generation of young socially conscious hip-hop musicians emerged as a counter to the grime scene that many in the UK Hip Hop scene perceived as commercial. These rappers strived to bring attention to both positivity and lyricism as well as
959-516: A commercial UK festival tradition which included the National Jazz and Blues Festival and the Isle of Wight Festival . Eavis decided to host the first festival after seeing an open-air concert headlined by Led Zeppelin at the 1970 Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music at the nearby Bath and West Showground in 1970. The original headline acts were The Kinks and Wayne Fontana and
1096-650: A few examples of their pieces. While many early rappers from the UK, such as Derek B , imitated the styles and accents of their US heroes, there were many who realised that to merely transpose US forms would rob UK hip-hop of the ability to speak for a disenfranchised British constituency in the way that US hip-hop so successfully spoke to, and for, its audience. Attempts were made by UK rappers to develop styles more obviously rooted in British semantics , syntax and dialectical linguistic praxis and practices — Rodney P of
1233-500: A fortunate one, as Somerset experienced spells of persistent heavy rain in the period up to and including the week that the festival would normally have been held. Indeed, Emily Eavis suggested that the festival itself might have been called off, such was the severity of the weather. Registration for tickets to the 2013 festival began in June 2011 and ticket booking opened at 9 am on Sunday 7 October 2012, with 135,000 selling out in
1370-518: A green agenda and new initiatives in 2008 included biodegradable tent pegs handed out free to all campers and biotractors running on waste vegetable oil. These new efforts were rewarded with The Greener Festival Award for 2008 alongside a number of other festivals also committed to environmentally friendly music festivals. The 2008 festival was reported to have cost £22 million to produce. The Glastonbury Festival 2009 took place between 24 and 28 June 2009. In marked contrast with previous years,
1507-401: A high percentage of non-white individuals. Such places allow youth to share culture with one another, including musical genres such as hip hop. Cross pollination through migrating West Indians helped develop a community interested in the music. The integration of sound systems represent a distinct British Caribbean influence. Sound systems allowed for powerful syncopated bass runs and
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#17328017495361644-523: A later single " This Is Radio Clash " (1981). Even earlier than this, in 1979, Ian Dury and the Blockheads released " Reasons to Be Cheerful (Part 3) ", another record with influences from hip hop. Then Sex Pistols manager Malcolm McLaren 's " Buffalo Gals " (Charisma, 1982), featuring the New York hip hop group World's Famous Supreme Team , was the breakthrough hit that introduced the genre to
1781-545: A licence for 10 years up until 2024. A few weeks before the 2015 festival Foo Fighters frontman Dave Grohl fell off a stage during a show in Gothenburg and broke his leg, forcing their late withdrawal from the line-up. Florence and the Machine were moved from second-top on the bill to Friday's headliner, while Florence's vacant gap was filled by Reading & Leeds headliners The Libertines , and their performance
1918-604: A major deal with Virgin Records in 1995. Continuing their relationship with Trevor Jackson as their producer, they released 3 singles 'Alphabetical Response', 'One Shot', 'Punk Funk' and their album Elementalz , all in 1996. Their work was met with critical acclaim and they toured solidly with American artists including Cypress Hill, The Roots and WuTang, but big record sales seemed to be very elusive and they parted ways with Virgin in 1998. In late 1996, Will Ashon started up his new Ninja Tune backed label Big Dada and planned
2055-414: A passport photo between 1 February and 14 March to buy tickets which went on sale at 9 am on Sunday 6 April. Following 40,000 tickets not being sold, the pre-registration process was reopened on 8 April. Several reasons have been cited for this, including the poor weather of the previous four years and the controversial choice of featuring the hip hop artist, Jay-Z , as a headlining act. A day before
2192-469: A passport photo which was security printed into the ticket. Continued periods of rain throughout much of the festival caused muddy conditions, though without the flooding of 2005, in part due to the new £750,000 flood defences. However, this constant rain made the general conditions within the site worse than 2 years before and more like the mud plains of 1998. It was difficult to find anywhere to sit down that had not turned to mud and key choke points, such as
2329-447: A place in our festival history second to none". The Glastonbury Festival 2008 was held on 27, 28 and 29 June, headlined by Kings of Leon , Jay-Z and The Verve on Friday, Saturday and Sunday, respectively, with other notable acts including Neil Diamond , Shakin' Stevens , Levellers , and Stackridge , who opened the first festival in 1970. Continuing the procedure introduced in 2007, ticket buyers had to pre-register and submit
2466-646: A record time of one hour and forty minutes. To mark the 2012 Glastonbury weekend, Eavis was invited to guest edit the local paper, the Western Daily Press , on Saturday 23 June. During the 2014 festival, a 26-year-old Berkshire man suffered from a suspected reaction to Ketamine and later died in Bristol Royal Infirmary. Despite this, police reported that crime was down 30% from last year but reminded festival goers to look after their possessions. In 2014 Mendip District Council issued
2603-621: A relocated G Stage, formerly situated in the Glade. The introduction of the silent disco by festival organiser Emily Eavis allowed revellers to party into the early hours without disturbing the locals – a requirement of the festival's licensing. Following the death of DJ John Peel in the autumn of 2004, the New Tent was renamed the John Peel Tent, in homage to his encouragement and love of new bands at Glastonbury. The opening day of
2740-599: A replacement on 6 June. Both Coldplay and Basement Jaxx performed a cover of Kylie's " Can't Get You Out Of My Head " during their concert. 2005 saw a big increase in the number of dance music attractions, with the multiple tents of the Dance Village replacing the solitary dance tent of previous years. This new area contained the East and West dance tents, the Dance Lounge, Roots Stage, and Pussy Parlour, as well as
2877-412: A roster of performers. Bandit of Birmingham's MSI/Asylum crew informed Will of Juice Aleem that he was contemplating who could truly represent the ethos of the new label. Ashon was impressed with the demo and agreed to have Aleem on board. The results of this were the first release of the now famous record label: in 1997 Juice featured on Big Dada record label's first ever release[2], "Misanthropic", under
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#17328017495363014-423: A single on Rap Sonic records and Clarkson featured on Beatmasters single "Hey DJ/I Can't Dance To That Music You're Playing" before leaving for a successful solo career, which led Music Of Life to release a Simon Harris remix of "Give It A Rest" billed as She Rockers Featuring Betty Boo. British hip hop UK rap , also known as British hip hop or UK hip hop , is a music genre and culture that covers
3151-579: A small unplanned event in 1978, when the convoy of vehicles from the Stonehenge festival was directed by police to Worthy Farm; the festival was then revived the following year (1979) by Churchill, Crimble, Kerr and Eavis, in an event for the Year of the Child, which lost money. The 1980s saw the festival become an annual fixture, barring periodic fallow years. In 1981, Michael Eavis took back sole control of
3288-674: A suspected drugs overdose. On 20 December 2007, Arabella Churchill, an instrumental figure in the conception of the 1971 festival and since the 1980s area coordinator of the Theatre Field, died at St Edmund's Cottages, Bove Town, Glastonbury at the age of 58. She had suffered a short illness due to pancreatic cancer, for which she had refused chemotherapy and radiotherapy. She was a convert to Buddhism, and arrangements following her death respected her belief. Michael Eavis, paying tribute to her after her death, said "Her vitality and great sense of morality and social responsibility have given her
3425-698: A trio, followed on the Music of Life label, and was produced by Public Enemy 's Professor Griff after the She Rockers performed an impromptu rap to Public Enemy at their local McDonald's in Shepherd's Bush , London ; She Rockers also supported Public Enemy in the US . They later toured with De La Soul . Clarkson and Fagbesa departed from the group in 1989, and founding member McConnell then joined forces with original band member Antonia Jolly (Aurra), and landed
3562-588: A variety of styles of hip hop music made in the United Kingdom . It is generally classified as one of a number of styles of R&B/hip-hop . British hip hop can also be referred to as Brit-hop , a term coined and popularised mainly by British Vogue magazine and the BBC . British hip hop was originally influenced by the dub/toasting introduced to the United Kingdom by Jamaican migrants in
3699-401: A week before the festival; a temporary main stage was erected in time for the festival. The 1994 festival also introduced a 150 kW wind turbine which provided some of the festival power. Headliners Levellers set another record when they played to a crowd of as many as 300,000 people on their Friday performance, Glastonbury's biggest ever crowd as of 2010 . This was the year the festival
3836-521: A wet festival with considerable rain; Worthy Farm is a dairy farm and what washed down into the low areas was a mixture of mud and liquefied cow dung. This did not prevent festival goers from enjoying the knee-deep slurry in front of the Pyramid Stage. 1989 was the first year that impromptu, unofficial sound systems sprang up around the festival site – a portent of things to come. These sound systems would play loud, electronic acid house music around
3973-475: Is a broad sonic church, encompassing anything made in Britain by musicians informed or inspired by hip-hop's possibilities, whose music is a response to the same stimuli that gave birth to rap in New York in the mid-Seventies. Although the underground scene was well established by the late 1980s, UK rap music saw little commercial success for several decades. Outside of a few exceptions such as Derek B and later
4110-464: Is a subgenre of drill music and road rap that originated in the South London district of Brixton from 2012 onwards. Borrowing heavily from the style of Chicago drill music , UK drill artists often rap about violent and hedonistic criminal lifestyles. Typically, those who create this style of music are affiliated with gangs or come from socioeconomically-deprived neighbourhoods where crime
4247-547: Is a way of life for many. UK drill music is closely related to road rap, a British style of gangsta rap that became popular in the years prior to the existence of drill. Musically, UK drill often exhibits violent language and provocative lyrics. The early 2010s also saw the emergence of an underground UK hip hop scene emulating the earlier wave of 2000s rappers such as Jehst, Task Force, King Kashmere, MysDiggi and Skinnyman. With complex lyrics and rhyme schemes and '90s New York boom bap influenced production, High Focus Records
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4384-680: Is it about exploiting wealth or hitting it rich. Success followed The Streets ' 2002 album Original Pirate Material , and he became one of the first of the new breed of British hip hop artists to gain respectable sales, though his verbal style resulted in him being shunned by many artists in the scene. Such success has caused a surge in media exposure of other British hip hop acts. Welsh rap group Goldie Lookin Chain also achieved chart success with their tongue-in-cheek take on hip-hop. Key records such as Skinnyman 's Council Estate of Mind , and Klashnekoff's The Sagas Of... were released, cementing
4521-521: The 14th Dalai Lama . On 28 August 2015 it was announced that hundreds of pairs of discarded wellington boots from the 2015 festival were donated to the migrant camp at Calais . On 3 April 2017, it was announced the BBC had renewed its exclusive national rights to broadcast the event until 2022. On 24 June 2017 reggae group Toots and the Maytals were slotted for 17:30, with BBC Four scheduled to show highlights from their set. When they did not show it
4658-778: The COVID-19 pandemic . In 2020, for what would have been the festival's 50th anniversary, the BBC broadcast a variety of acclaimed sets during the weekend of the cancelled festival, with performances by acts including Taylor Swift , Florence and the Machine , Adele , R.E.M. , Beyoncé , the Rolling Stones , Jay-Z and Billie Eilish . In 2021, Glastonbury produced a film recorded on the Glastonbury site, Live at Worthy Farm, with performances by acts including Coldplay , Haim , and Damon Albarn . Live at Worthy Farm also saw
4795-633: The Kaliphz , Jeep Beat Collective and MC Tunes . Bristol's scene has a long history going right back to the early 1980s where links were made with outfits from New York. The Fearless Four came over in 1984 along with graffiti legends the Tats Cru and Rock Steady Crew . Bristol (specifically the St. Pauls area) produced The Wild Bunch (later better known as Massive Attack ), and Nellee Hooper who went on to produce for Soul II Soul . The city later became
4932-575: The London Posse deliberately chose a London accent – although many succeeded only in adopting a slurred hybrid that located the rap "somewhere in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean". The first record label devoted to releasing UK hip hop acts was founded in 1986. Simon Harris ' Music of Life label was home to rapper Derek B , the first UK rapper to achieve chart success. He even collaborated with Public Enemy on his album Bullet from
5069-754: The hippie , the counterculture of the 1960s , and the free festival movement. Vestiges of these traditions are retained in the Green Fields area, which includes sections known as the Green Futures, the Stone Circle and Healing Field. Michael Eavis hosted the first festival, then called the Pilton Festival , after seeing an open-air Led Zeppelin concert in 1970 at the Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music . The festival
5206-633: The "Frolic EP Pt 1" (Pleasure Music, 1995), Mark B released "Any More Questions?" (Jazz Fudge, 1995) and DJ Skitz released "Where My Mind Is At/Blessed Be The Manor" (Ronin Records, 1996) featuring a young rapper called Roots Manuva on guest vocals who had previously released the single "Next Type of Motion" (Sound of Money, 1995). Record labels that attempted to merge British hip hop style and sensibilities with modern dance music began to emerge, like Mark Rae 's Grand Central (home to Aim, Rae & Christian, and Fingathing, among others) or DJ Vadim 's Jazz Fudge. Increasingly, these artists managed to avoid
5343-538: The 137,500 tickets went on sale on 5 October 2008, earlier than ever before, with pre-registered customers able either to pay in full, or place a £50 reserve deposit to be paid by 1 February. Tickets for the festival sold out. The full line up was released on 25 May 2009 and included headliners Blur , Bruce Springsteen and Neil Young on the Pyramid Stage. The Other stage was headlined by The Prodigy , Bloc Party and Franz Ferdinand . Other notable performers included Jarvis Cocker , Fairport Convention (who played at
5480-460: The 1950s–70s, who eventually developed uniquely influenced rapping (or speed-toasting) in order to match the rhythm of the ever-increasing pace and aggression of Jamaican-influenced dub in the UK. Toasting and soundsystem cultures were also influential in genres outside of hip hop that still included rapping – such as grime , jungle , and UK garage . In 2003, The Times described British hip hop's broad-ranging approach: ..."UK hip-hop"
5617-539: The 1980s was not just confined to music and break-dancing, but also involved the spread of New York City-style graffiti – another integral element of US hip hop culture — to London and other UK inner-city areas, both on walls and trains. The most direct influence was, however, on graffiti painted in London Underground trains. Teenagers from inner London and other European cities who were into electro-hip hop and had family and other links to New York City had by
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5754-472: The 1980s, by the early 1990s the scene had moved underground after record companies pulled back. In the mid-1990s hip hop in the UK started to experiment and diversify – often mutating into diverse genres entirely, such as trip hop and began making inroads into the US market. As the old rappers left the scene, a new generation, raised on hip hop and electronica , was coming of age: The Herbaliser released Remedies ( Ninja Tune , 1995), Mr. Scruff released
5891-402: The 1992 Channel 4 documentary Showdown at Glastonbury . An expanded festival returned in 1992 , and this proved a great success. 1992 was the first year that the new age travellers were not initially allowed onto the site free, and a sturdier fence was designed. This success was carried through to 1993 which, like 1992, was hot and dry. In 1994, the Pyramid Stage burned down just over
6028-525: The 2005 festival was delayed by heavy rain and thunderstorms: Several stages, including the Acoustic Tent (and one of the bars), were struck by lightning , and the valley was hit with flash floods that left some areas of the site under more than four feet of water. The severity of the weather flooded several campsites , the worst affected being the base of Pennard Hill, and seriously disrupted site services. However, Mendip District Council's review of
6165-577: The Campo Pequeno amphitheatre. The Glastonbury Festival 2011 took place from Wednesday 22 until Sunday 26 June 2011. The tickets were sold out within 4 hours of going on sale on Sunday 3 October 2010. Headline acts for 2011 were U2 on the Friday night, Coldplay on the Saturday and Beyoncé on Sunday. This made Beyoncé the first woman to headline at the festival since 1999. The festival
6302-504: The Maytals the midnight slot, with all other acts being shifted by one hour. Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn was invited to speak on the Pyramid Stage at the 2017 festival. In February 2018, festival organiser Emily Eavis confirmed in a BBC interview that a plastic bottle ban could be enforced at the 2019 event for environmental reasons. Water kiosks, where festival-goers could get any type of bottle refilled, had been introduced in 2014. In February 2019, organisers confirmed
6439-724: The Mercury Music Prize for their album Dead . The album entered the UK chart at 35 after they won the award. Riz Ahmed , also known as Riz MC, was featured in the song " Immigrants (We Get the Job Done) " in The Hamilton Mixtape , which topped the Billboard 200 chart in 2016. At the 2017 MTV Video Music Awards (VMAs), "Immigrants" won the award for Best Fight Against the System . The early 2010s saw
6576-720: The Mindbenders but these acts were replaced at short notice by Tyrannosaurus Rex, later known as T. Rex . Tickets were £1 (equivalent to £20 in 2023). Other billed acts of note were Steamhammer , Quintessence , Stackridge , Al Stewart , Pink Fairies and Keith Christmas . The "Glastonbury Fair" of 1971 was instigated by Andrew Kerr after being found and introduced to Michael Eavis by David Trippas and organised with help from Arabella Churchill , Jean Bradbery, Kikan Eriksdotter, John Massara, Jeff Dexter, Thomas Crimble , Bill Harkin , Gilberto Gil , Mark Irons , John Coleman, and Jytte Klamer . The 1971 festival featured
6713-546: The Movie which was filmed at the 1993 and 1994 festivals. The festival returned in 1997. This time there was major sponsorship from The Guardian and the BBC , who had taken over televising the event from Channel 4. This was also the year of the mud, with the site suffering severe rainfalls which turned the entire site into a muddy bog. However, those who stayed for the festival were treated to many memorable performances, including Radiohead 's headlining Pyramid Stage set on
6850-587: The Nation , whose MC Fusion would espouse conscious anti-racist, sexist and homophobic lyrics. The band would also find some brief mainstream success with their indie rock crossover sound. Leeds spawned Braintax and Breaking the Illusion (who together founded Low Life Records ) as well as Nightmares on Wax . Greater Manchester gave birth to the Ruthless Rap Assassins , Krispy 3 (later Krispy),
6987-484: The New York City MTA. At the same time, graffiti art on London Underground trains generated some interest in the media and arts, leading to several art galleries putting on exhibitions of some of the art work (on canvas) of a few London train writers as well as TV documentaries on London hip hop culture like the BBC's Bad Meaning Good , which included a section featuring interviews with London train writers and
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#17328017495367124-571: The Other Stage on the Saturday Night. The entire stage set from their Pandemonium Tour was brought in for the performance which was extremely well received. Radiohead 's Thom Yorke and Jonny Greenwood made a surprise appearance with a nine-song set. The weather at the festival was among some of the best ever, the festival-goers enjoying 3 days of abundant sunshine and very warm to hot temperatures, which reached close to 30 degrees on
7261-466: The Pyramid Stage for the first time while the show was closed by a set from Rod Stewart on the Sunday night. There were some criticisms of the 2002 festival that it lacked atmosphere, because of the reduced number of people, which reflected the smaller numbers jumping the fence. The number of tickets was increased to 150,000 for 2003 which sold out within one day of going on sale, in marked contrast to
7398-478: The Pyramid Stage on Friday night at Glastonbury 2010, but due to frontman Bono sustaining a back injury they were forced to pull out. According to the media, Bono was "gutted", even having written a song especially for the festival. Damon Albarn 's Gorillaz replaced U2, and joined Muse and Stevie Wonder for the Saturday and Sunday headline slots respectively. It was Albarn's second headlining act in two years. Pet Shop Boys returned after 10 years to headline
7535-446: The Saturday morning, with the wedding of two festivalgoers, who had written to the organisers asking for permission to get married there, taking place and conducted by actor Keith Allen in front of a small group of friends and any other festivalgoers who still happened to be awake. This year also saw an estimated 250,000 people attend the festival (only 100,000 tickets were sold) due to gatecrashers. This led to public safety concerns and
7672-547: The Saturday which is said to be one of the greatest ever Glastonbury performances. The live recording of " Paranoid Android " from this performance, as well as others such as "The Day Before Yesterday's Man" by The Supernaturals , were released on a BBC CD entitled Mud For It . In 1998 the festival was once again struck with severe floods and storms, and again some festival goers departed early – but those who stayed were treated to performances from acts such as Pulp , Robbie Williams and Blur . Tony Bennett , however, overcame
7809-466: The Sunday; it was the first rain-free festival since 2002 and the hottest since the festival began. During 2010 Michael Eavis received a donation from British Waterways of timber from the old gates at Caen Hill Locks in Wiltshire. This was used to construct a new bridge which was dedicated to the memory of Arabella Churchill. The following year more of the redundant lock gates were used to build
7946-553: The UK Albums Chart and was certified platinum on 1 March 2011. He also won a Brit Award for his number one single " Pass Out ". Rapper Plan B found success with his 2010 Hip Hop and Soul fusion album The Defamation of Strickland Banks , followed by the soundtrack album Ill Manors in 2012, both of which peaked at number 1 in the UK Albums Chart . In 2014, Scottish alternative hip-hop trio Young Fathers won
8083-611: The UK Top 10 Hip Hop chart. In 1987, Positive Beat Records came out of the hotbed of early UK hip hop, Ladbroke Grove in London with two releases. The label followed up the single "It's Getting Rough" by Rocky X and D-D Dance with the Various Artists' Known 2 Be Down album. This featured Sir Drew (of KREW and Newtrament ), MC Flex, She Rockers , Rapski and more of West London's finest rap talents. Other notable labels at
8220-406: The US, British hip hop emerged as a scene from graffiti and breakdancing , and then through to DJing and rapping live at parties and club nights, with its supporters predominantly listening to and influenced by US hip hop. Unlike in the US, the British hip hop scene was cross-racial from the beginning, as diverse ethnic groups in Britain tend not to live in segregated areas, even in areas with
8357-470: The United Kingdom — McLaren's Duck Rock album as a whole experimented with many musical styles from around the world. "Buffalo Gals" and another track from the album, "World's Famous" which also featured the group, used techniques which have been established in hip hop in the United States, such as sampling and scratching . McLaren even included a song referencing the ' Double Dutch ' dance that
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#17328017495368494-682: The Wize in 1992, then Untitled 93 and XXIII in 1993, and Hip Hop N' Rap in 1994, all on the Bite It! label. None of the records sold in huge numbers but they managed to gain airplay on the Tim Westwood show and DJ 279's show on Choice FM , gaining them a solid following across the UK. Bite It! also released tracks from artists such as Pauly Ryan and the Scientists of Sound. Following an initial flurry of interest from major record labels in
8631-423: The ability to bring this sound to other venues creating a club culture . There were, however, British tunes starting to appear. There are an abundance of records that are often credited with being the first British hip hop release, "Christmas Rapping" by Dizzy Heights (Polydor, 1982), is often credited as such, as well as the slightly later released "London Bridge" by Newtrament (Jive Records, 1983). Dizzy Heights
8768-520: The album spawned the 2001 top 40 single "Ya Don't See the Signs", which was a remix by Feeder frontman Grant Nicholas , after the title track was a top 75 hit and Blade with Mark B supported Feeder. The same year, Bristol's Hombré label released the "2012 EP" from Aspects , a benchmark release within the movement. Roots Manuva , Blak Twang , Mud Family , Ti2bs , Task Force , Phi Life Cypher , MSI & Asylum, Jeep Beat Collective and Ty all came to
8905-539: The birth of trip-hop , from the 1980s until the early 2010s UK rap made up a small percentage of album sales in the domestic market. Performers saw much wider success in the 2020s, including Stormzy headlining Glastonbury Festival , Dave releasing back-to-back UK number one albums with Psychodrama followed by We're All Alone in This Together , and Little Simz winning the Mercury Prize . As in
9042-630: The bottle ban would begin at that year's festival, encompassing all bars, traders and backstage areas. The festival had a "fallow year" in 2018 to allow the ground to recover. It returned in 2019. Glastonbury 2019 featured new stages, art installations and areas, including a giant crane purchased from Avonmouth Docks. The Pyramid Stage was headlined by Stormzy , The Killers and The Cure , with Miley Cyrus , Janet Jackson , Kylie Minogue , Wu-Tang Clan , The Chemical Brothers , The Bar-Steward Sons of Val Doonican and Fatboy Slim also performing. The 2020 and 2021 festivals were cancelled because of
9179-561: The chart success of some British-born hip hop artists – for example Monie Love , Slick Rick , Young MC and MF Doom , who all moved to the US – the majority of the scene was still underground and small scale. Kinetic Effect joined the scene in the early 1980s and was part of rap outfit 2 the Top as D-Koy; later, in 1991, he teamed with Insane Macbeth to record "Borderin' Insanity" (released in 1993) and in 1995, he recorded "Man Bites Dog"/"The Effect of Fear" Their song "The Rhythm I Give 'Em" made
9316-507: The clock, with the largest, the Hypnosis sound system, rivalling the volume of some of the official stages and running non-stop throughout the festival. Following the 1990 festival, violence flared between security guards and new age travellers in what became known as "The Battle of Yeoman's Bridge". Eavis was also facing increasing battles from locals over the festival, with no festival taking place in 1991. Both pressures are captured in
9453-472: The emergence of UK afrobeats , led by artists such as Mista Silva , Kwamz, Fuse ODG , and Timbo. Around the same time, artists such as Sneakbo and Timbo were incorporating melodic rap and Caribbean influences into their music. The foundation set by these artists would later be a major influence on Afroswing , a genre that emerged around 2014 derivative of UK afrobeats while carrying influences from grime , dancehall , hip hop , and R&B . UK drill
9590-655: The famous Reading and Leeds festivals in the UK and seen many tracks reaching multiple millions of views on YouTube. In 2015, The Four Owls collaborated with highly respected US producer DJ Premier for their track Think Twice . BRIT Award winning singer-songwriter Rag'n'Bone Man also released two albums on the label in 2011 and 2014 – "Put That Soul on Me" (a collaboration with Dirty Dike) and "Dog n Bone" with Four Owls member and rapper/producer Leaf Dog. These albums are what eventually led to his signing with major label Columbia Records , however Rag'n'Bone Man has continued to feature on High Focus records releases such as
9727-509: The festival achieved legendary status. As a result, living rooms across the country were able to experience what a rave might look like, and suddenly dance music, which had been ignored by the establishment and mainstream press for years, did not seem so dangerous and which would be a turning point for the music at Glastonbury. Speaking to The Guardian in 2013 about the Orbital gig, Michael Eavis noted that it marked dance music's appearance on
9864-462: The festival began, Michael Eavis announced that there were still around 3,000 tickets remaining, making it possible that it would be the first festival in 15 years not to sell out in advance. It had also been announced that any remaining tickets would be sold from major branches of HMV . 2008 saw the introduction of a new field adjacent to the Sacred space and Park Stage. Not named by the organisers,
10001-413: The festival by providing features and volunteers, who work at the festival in exchange for free entry. It also saw the first TV coverage, with ITV broadcasting recorded highlights in the weeks after the festival. Since 1983, large festivals have required licences from local authorities. This led to certain restrictions being placed on the festival, including a crowd limit and specified times during which
10138-403: The festival called it one of the "safest ever" and gives the festival a glowing report in how it dealt with the floods. There was no festival in 2006. Instead, a documentary film directed by Julien Temple was released to make up for the lack of a festival. The film consists of specially shot footage by Temple at the festival, as well as footage sent in by fans and archive footage. Glastonbury
10275-528: The festival goers themselves called it "Flagtopia" in reference to the flags located there. After the huge number of tents left behind in 2007 and when one of Michael Eavis's cows died after ingesting a metal tent-peg left in the soil, the Festival devised its Love the Farm, Leave No Trace campaign which gently pushed revellers to respect the environment and clear up after themselves. The Festival had always pushed
10412-514: The festival hosts dance , comedy , theatre , circus , cabaret , and other arts. Leading pop and rock artists have headlined, alongside thousands of others appearing on smaller stages and performance areas. Films and albums have been recorded at the festival, and it receives extensive television and newspaper coverage. Glastonbury takes place on 1500 acres of farmland and is attended by around 200,000 people, requiring extensive security, transport, water, and electricity-supply infrastructure. While
10549-497: The festival when they reached retirement age, with many of the festivals in the 1990s being "the last one". The death of Michael Eavis' wife Jean in 1999 persuaded him to continue organising the festival. 2000 saw a new Pyramid Stage introduced as well as new features such as The Glade and The Left Field . The festival was headlined by Chemical Brothers , Travis and David Bowie , who played thirty years after his first appearance. The Pyramid Stage also hosted an unusual event on
10686-555: The festival, and it was organised in conjunction with the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND). That year a new Pyramid Stage was constructed from telegraph poles and metal sheeting (repurposed from materials of the Ministry of Defence ), a permanent structure which doubled as a hay barn and cowshed during the winter. In the 1980s, the children's area of the festival (which had been organised by Arabella Churchill and others) became
10823-443: The first Glastonbury Festival), Tom Jones , Steel Pulse , Doves , Lady Gaga , Jason Mraz , Nick Cave , Pete Doherty , Hugh Cornwell , Status Quo , The Gaslight Anthem (in which Springsteen appeared on stage during their song " The '59 Sound "), Madness , Dizzee Rascal , Crosby, Stills & Nash , Lily Allen , Kasabian and Florence and the Machine . The Glastonbury Festival 2010 took place between 23 and 28 June. On
10960-637: The first incarnation of the "Pyramid Stage". Conceived by Bill Harkin the stage was a one-tenth replica of the Great Pyramid of Giza built from scaffolding and metal sheeting and positioned over a "blind spring", a term used to describe a hypothetical underground body of water in the pseudoscientific practice of dowsing . Performers included Family , David Bowie , Mighty Baby , Traffic , Fairport Convention , Gong , Hawkwind , Pink Fairies , Skin Alley , The Worthy Farm Windfuckers and Melanie . It
11097-480: The first major British hip hop magazine – was founded in 1989 and by the early 1990s the British hip hop scene seemed to be thriving. Not only was there a firm base of rappers in London such as Blade, Black Radical Mk II , Bushkiller (including Sirus) and Overlord X , who cut a Discomix with Jah Shaka — but many distinct scenes developed nationally. Birmingham and the West Midlands gave rise to Credit to
11234-502: The first to receive wide-spread attention across continental Europe . Caveman and Outlaw Posse developed a jazz influenced style, whilst MC Mell'O' mixed jazz and hardcore. London Posse , Black Radical Mk II and DJ Ruf Cut And Tuf C were more influenced by reggae and disco whilst the Wee Papa Girl Rappers , Cookie Crew and Monie Love achieved chart success with more radio-friendly hip hop. However, despite
11371-525: The five-year sequence from the planned 2011 rest year). It was at this point that the Mean Fiddler Organisation was invited to help. In 2002, the festival returned after its planned fallow year, with the controversial Mean Fiddler now handling the logistics and security – especially installing a substantial surrounding fence (dubbed the "superfence") that reduced numbers to the levels of a decade earlier. 2002 also saw Coldplay headline
11508-489: The following years – developments that led to the launch of the festival's Dance Village in 1997. 1995 saw the attendance rise drastically due to the security fence being breached on the Friday of the festival. Estimates suggest there may have been enough fence-jumpers to double the size of the festival. This aside, 1995 proved to be a highly successful year with memorable performances from Oasis , Elastica , Pulp , PJ Harvey , Jeff Buckley , Jamiroquai and The Cure . This
11645-487: The hardcore style most associated with the scene. Silver Bullet 's chart success was applauded due to an uncompromisingly rapid delivery, whereas Derek B and Rebel MC were scorned when their more pop influenced styles earned them success. Such artists were often branded "sell outs". As the scene grew, it became less common for British rappers to imitate US accents (those who did were often ridiculed) and British rap became more assured of its identity. Hip Hop Connection —
11782-450: The headliners Billie Eilish , Paul McCartney and Kendrick Lamar . The next festival took place between 21 and 25 June 2023, headlined by Arctic Monkeys , Guns N' Roses and Elton John in his final UK performance. The first festival at Worthy Farm was the Pop, Blues & Folk Festival , hosted by Michael Eavis on Saturday 19 September 1970, and attended by 1,500 people. There had been
11919-623: The home of trip hop with artists like Tricky and Portishead . Caveman signed to a major label — Profile Records , the label home of Run–D.M.C. — and Kold Sweat came into their own, discovering groups like SL Troopers, Dynametrix , Unanimous Decision and Katch 22, whose "Diary of a Blackman" was banned by Radio 1 for using a sound clip from the National Front . In 1991, Hijack released The Horns of Jericho (Rhyme Syndicate Records, 1991) on Ice-T 's recently formed Rhyme Syndicate label. The first single, "The Badman Is Robbin'",
12056-477: The injustices of war, gentrification and racism, following in the tradition of conscious rappers such as Nas , Mos Def and Talib Kweli . Amongst this new generation included artists such as Klashnekoff , Akala , Lowkey and the Poisonous Poets. The mid-2000s saw the emergence of road rap , a genre that took influences from American gangsta rap and focused on crime, gang, or violent themes. Road rap
12193-493: The issues surrounding sampling by making music themselves (bands such as the Stereo MCs began playing instruments and sampling their own tunes) or searching out more obscure records where a most cost effective licensing deal could be arranged. British hip hop began to go through a renaissance, its style shifting from the hardcore template of its youth and moving into more melodic territory. The Brotherhood managed to broker
12330-454: The last night, Michael Eavis appeared on the main stage with headline artist Stevie Wonder to sing the chorus of the latter's " Happy Birthday ", marking the festival's 40th year. Tickets went on sale on 4 October 2009, using the same £50 deposit scheme introduced the previous year; unlike the previous two years, and more in common with earlier festivals, the tickets for the 2010 edition sold out in less than 24 hours. U2 were due to headline
12467-460: The late 2000s to great commercial success. Tinchy Stryder scored two number ones with songs " Number 1 " and " Never Leave You " and became the best-selling British solo artist of 2009. The following year continued the success of the previous, with acts like Professor Green and Tinie Tempah breaking through to even bigger commercial success and also critical appreciation. The debut album from Tinie Tempah called Disc-Overy went to number one in
12604-476: The local District Council refused any further licences until the problem was solved. The organisers took 2001 off to devise anti-gatecrashing measures and secure the future of the festival, after the Roskilde Festival 2000 accident (though this was also a scheduled break, one which took place every five years from 1991, the year after the battle of Yeoman's Bridge, until the 2012 Olympics extended
12741-493: The main stages including Spinal Tap, Pete Doherty and Gruff Rhys , whilst the BBC launched their new "Introducing" stage in the area. The festival had the largest attendance since the construction of the security fence, and the largest legitimate attendance to date: ticket allocation was raised by 27,500 to 137,500, which were charged at £145 and sold out in 1 hour 45 minutes. As an extra precaution against touts (scalpers), purchasers had to pre-register, including submission of
12878-544: The mainstream agenda. "What was previously underground made it on to one of the big stages, and there was no going back from there. As the police and the council made me very well aware, the buzz had been around the raves and the market sound systems and in the travellers' fields for years. But it needed a showcase to make it legal." The gig opened the way for others such as the Chemical Brothers , Massive Attack and Underworld , who all played high-profile stages in
13015-414: The messy environment in an immaculate white suit and tie. 1998 was also the first year that attendance officially broke the 100,000 mark. Another hot dry year was recorded in 1999, much to the relief of organisers and festival goers. The festival was again overcrowded due to fence-jumpers, but this would not prove to be a major problem until the following year, when an additional 100,000 people gatecrashed
13152-468: The mid-1980s taken up some of the traditions of subway graffiti and exported them home, although legendary New York writers like Brim, Bio, and Futura had themselves played a significant role in establishing such links when they visited London in the early-to-mid-1980s and 'put up pieces' on or near the west London end of the Metropolitan Line . Almost as significantly, just when subway graffiti
13289-515: The number of arrests were "well up", after a proactive operation of the police and security on site. There were 236 reported crimes, down from 267 in 2005; of these, 158 were drug related (183 in 2005). 1,200 people required medical aid with 32 hospitalised, most of which were accidents caused by the mud. There was one fatality: a West Midlands man found unconscious early on the Saturday morning died in Yeovil District Hospital of
13426-467: The number of attendees is sometimes swollen by gatecrashers , a record of 300,000 people was set at the 1994 festival, headlined by the Levellers , who performed on the Pyramid Stage. Most festival staff are unpaid volunteers, helping the festival to raise millions of pounds for charity organisations. Regarded as a major event in contemporary British culture , the festival is inspired by the ethos of
13563-467: The period between 1992 and 1995, the only groups to make much impact were Gunshot and the Brotherhood . Gunshot's 1992 album Patriot Games was a landmark with tracks such as "Mind of a Razor" and "World War 3" becoming British hardcore classics. Formed in the '80s, the Brotherhood released their first record, simply called Brotherhood EP , as a white label in 1991. They went on to release Wayz of
13700-504: The pseudonym "Alpha Prhyme", a collaboration between himself and Luke Vibert . In 1998, Mark B and Blade released "Hitmen for Hire EP", which featured guest appearances from Lewis Parker and Mr Thing (of the Scratch Perverts ). The EP was a success, and led to the successful 2001 album The Unknown , which despite never charting in the UK top 75, was still a top 100 success and an even bigger success within its genre. Also,
13837-451: The public's attention, while veteran acts Rodney P , Mike J , and MC Mell'O' returned to the scene. A new generation of artists emerged following the turn of the century, including Jehst , Skinnyman , Nicky Spesh , Foreign Beggars and Usmaan. At the same time, a new style of electronic music emerged in the early 2000s, derivative of UK garage and jungle , with influences from dancehall , drum and bass and hip hop; this new genre
13974-465: The reputations of the artists and opening up the floor for new artists to emerge. Labels Low Life Records , run by prominent political rapper Braintax , and Young N' Restless started and became the starting point for many. At the same time, just as garage was losing momentum, grime was creating interest. Wiley's Treddin' on Thin Ice was a cornerstone of the genre, and one-time friend Dizzee Rascal won
14111-538: The scene remained predominantly underground. Although record labels began to take note of the underground scene throughout the 1980s and 1990s, radio play and publicity were still a difficulty in helping the fledgling scene to grow, and the scene only managed to survive through word of mouth and the patronage of pirate radio stations around the country. Mainstream radio did play British hip hop on occasion, supported by such well-known DJs as Dave Pearce , Tim Westwood , Steve Barker and John Peel . British hip hop in
14248-413: The site to mud. The festival ended with Muse headlining the Pyramid Stage on Sunday, after Oasis had headlined on Friday. Franz Ferdinand and Sir Paul McCartney also performed. In the British press publications appeared about the use of psychedelic drugs by festival visitors. The magazine NME pronounced that 2004 would be "the third summer of love" due to the resurgence of the " shroom " that
14385-531: The site, increasing the attendance to an estimated 250,000 people total. The 1999 festival is also remembered for the Manic Street Preachers requesting and being given their own backstage toilets; however, it was revealed by the band that this was a joke – the "reserved" sign on the toilet was not at the authorisation of the management. Speaking to the BBC in 2024, Michael Eavis' daughter Emily explained that her parents always planned to close
14522-401: The stages could operate. The crowd limit was initially set at 30,000 but has grown every year to over 100,000. 1984 saw the stage invaded by fans during The Smiths ' set. Weather Report played the main stage, and Elvis Costello headlined the last night for almost three hours. In 1985, the festival grew too large for Worthy Farm, but neighbouring Cockmill Farm was purchased. That year saw
14659-474: The starting point for a new children's charity called Children's World . 1981 was the first year that the festival made profits, and Eavis donated £20,000 of them to CND (equivalent to £96,828 in 2023). In the following years, donations were made to a number of organisations, and since the end of the Cold War the main beneficiaries have been Oxfam , Greenpeace and WaterAid , who all contribute towards
14796-547: The system, but favouring only a few selected underground lines seen as most suitable for train graffiti. Although on a substantially smaller scale than what had existed in New York City, graffiti on London Underground trains became seen as enough of a problem by the mid-1980s to provoke the British Transport Police to establish its own graffiti squad modelled directly on and in consultation with that of
14933-427: The thoroughfare at the front right of the Pyramid Stage, turned into a quagmire. Muddy conditions on the temporary roads on the periphery of the site led to delays for people leaving the site. On 25 June, when the vast majority of festival goers were attempting to leave the festival, cars in the western car parks took more than nine hours to exit the site. There was no stewarding provision in these areas, no information
15070-521: The ticket ordering process, which left potential festival goers trying for hours to connect to the overloaded telephone and internet sites. The website got two million attempted connections within the first five minutes of the tickets going on sale and an average of 2,500 people on the phone lines every minute. The festival was not hit by extreme weather, but high winds on the Wednesday delayed entry, and steady rain throughout Saturday turned some areas of
15207-477: The time included Liberty Grooves in Tooting, South London. The label itself started in late 1989 with the first release in 1990 by Whirlwind D & Johnny F of Solid n Mind . Other artists included Gutter Snypes , True Style and DJ Noize . Liberty Grooves was also a shop and many notable artists such as MC Mell O and Braintax would perform there. In 1988, Rapski released "The Connection" on 12". The track
15344-554: The time. He later claimed to be "Scotland's first rap star". There were also early pop records which dabbled with rap – such as Adam and the Ants ' " Ant Rap " (CBS, 1981) and Wham! 's " Wham Rap! (Enjoy What You Do) " (Inner Vision, 1982) — but these are often considered pop appropriations of US rap. Punk band the Clash had earlier dabbled with rap on the single " The Magnificent Seven " from their album Sandinista! (CBS, 1980), and
15481-469: The track "Mask" from Jam Baxter 's album Touching Scenes in 2019. Blah Records is also highly influential. The label was founded by Lee Scott (rapper) and Molotov in 2006 and currently managed and owned by Lee Scott and Salar. Key members of the Blah family include Lee Scott, Salar, Black Josh , Milkavelli, Jam Baxter and Cult of The Damned . The mid-2010s saw the emergence of Abstract Orchestra ,
15618-434: The two months it took to sell 140,000 in 2002. It was also the first year that tickets sold out before the full line-up was announced. This was also the year Radiohead returned to headline the Pyramid Stage. Revenue raised for good causes from ticket and commercial licence sales topped £1 million, half of which went to Oxfam, Greenpeace and Water Aid. In 2004, tickets sold out within 24 hours amid much controversy over
15755-556: The yearly disruption. This was confirmed after the licence for 2005 was granted. In 2005 the 112,500 ticket quota sold out rapidly – in this case in 3 hours 20 minutes. For 2005, the enclosed area of the festival was over 900 acres (3.6 km ), had over 385 live performances, and was attended by around 150,000 people. The Sunday headliner was originally scheduled to be Kylie Minogue , but she had to pull out in May after being diagnosed with breast cancer. Basement Jaxx were announced as
15892-576: Was Asher D , whose Jamaican origins showed through in his vocal style. In 1988, in collaboration with Daddy Freddy , Asher D released one of the first hip-hop dancehall fusion albums, Ragamuffin Hip-Hop . Moving away from its US roots, British hip hop started to develop its own sounds: acts like Hijack , II Tone Committee, Hardnoise , and Silver Bullet developed a fast and hardcore style (often referred to as Britcore ), while many other acts took influences from elsewhere. Britcore acts were amongst
16029-662: Was Milton Keynes group the Criminal Minds . Their first two releases, the 1990 mini-album Guilty as Charged and a 1991 EP Tales from the Wasteland were bogged down by potential sample clearance problems and thus were only ever made available in small numbers. As breakbeat hardcore music started to become very popular in the UK in the early 1990s, the Criminal Minds turned their attention to making this type of music instead. The UK hip hop boom never achieved its predicted commercial success. Hijack's The Horns of Jericho
16166-410: Was a top 40 hit and they went on sell more than 30,000 albums. British hip hop was affected by the record industry clamping down on sampling , beginning to charge for the use of samples and prosecuting those who used them without permission. Larger US acts could afford to license samples and still turn a profit for their labels, a luxury not available to many smaller UK artists. One such victim of this
16303-400: Was also experiencing a resurgence. While hip hop did not immediately benefit from this, the rise of grime has been credited for re-opening the doors for competing genres such as hip hop and afroswing that were also on the rise. Acts that would rise within the hip hop scene within the following years include Dave , Kojey Radical , Slowthai , Little Simz , and Loyle Carner . Dave released
16440-427: Was also the first year of the festival having a dance tent to cater for the rising popularity of dance music, following the success of Orbital 's headline appearance the previous year. The dance acts of 1995 were led by Massive Attack on the Friday and Carl Cox on the Saturday. The festival took a year off in 1996 to allow the land to recover and give the organisers a break. 1996 also saw the release of Glastonbury
16577-400: Was disseminated regarding the delays, no organised marshalling of traffic was undertaken by the festival organisers, and no provision of drinking water was made to people stranded in their vehicles. Verbal and physical violence was witnessed between festival goers. When cars were finally allowed to leave the site the surrounding roads were found to be clear. Reported crime was down from 2005 but
16714-412: Was dubbed " grime " (sometimes called eskibeat or sublow) and effectively superseded UK hip hop in both popularity and the mainstream conscious. Grime is generally considered to be distinct from hip-hop due to its roots primarily being genres such as UK garage and jungle. In 2001, Roots Manuva claimed that British hip hop "is more healthy" than American hip-hop, and is more about making the music than
16851-411: Was first televised live by Channel 4 ; the coverage concentrated on the main two music stages and providing a glimpse of the festival for those who knew little of it. Channel 4's 4 Goes to Glastonbury brought widely expanded televised coverage of the festival for the first time in 1994 and also the following year. The TV broadcast in 1994 was a crucial factor in ensuring that Orbital 's performance at
16988-423: Was held intermittently from 1970 until 1981 and has been held most years since, except for " fallow years" taken mostly at five-year intervals, intended to give the land, local population, and organisers a break. 2018 was a "fallow year", and the 2019 festival took place from 26 to 30 June. There were then two consecutive "fallow years" due to the COVID-19 pandemic . The festival returned for 22–26 June 2022 with
17125-408: Was instrumental in bringing this sound to a wider audience. The label was founded in 2010 by London rapper Fliptrix and key members of the larger High Focus crew have included The Four Owls , Dirty Dike, Ocean Wisdom , Jam Baxter and Dabbla. Artists from the label have managed to build a sizeable following despite remaining underground, having performed to crowds of 25,000+ across Europe, played
17262-490: Was never released in the US, while record companies dropped artists, citing poor sales and lack of interest. Mango Records closed down, and the British public began to turn their affections to jungle , a fusion of breakbeat hardcore, dub, dancehall, ragga, hip hop and reggae. Other acts and styles developed from the hip hop scene, resulting in new genres to describe them – for example Massive Attack with trip hop , or Galliano , Us3 and Urban Species with acid jazz . In
17399-401: Was not held in 2012, giving the site and organisers a "fallow year" which originally would have been in 2011, in keeping with the tradition of taking a break every fifth year. Michael Eavis cited the shortage and likely cost of portable toilets and policing, due to the needs of the 2012 Summer Olympics , as being amongst the reasons. The decision to move the fallow year to 2012 also proved to be
17536-596: Was on the decline in New York City, some British teenagers who had spent time with family in Queens and the Bronx returned to London with a "mission" to Americanise the London Underground through painting New York City-style graffiti on trains. These small groups of London 'train writers' adopted many of the styles and lifestyles of their New York City forebears, painting graffiti train pieces and in general 'bombing'
17673-399: Was paid for by its supporters and advocates of its ideal, and embraced a mediaeval tradition of music, dance, poetry, theatre, lights, and spontaneous entertainment. The 1971 festival was filmed by Nicolas Roeg and David Puttnam with Eavis and Kerr's Glastonbury Fair changed to Glastonbury Fayre , and a triple album of the same name was released (no connection with the film). There was
17810-455: Was pioneered by artists and groups such as PDC and Giggs ' SN1 crew. By the late 2000s, grime music had entered into a period of stagnation. This led to an emergence of acts that, while influenced by or initially started out making grime, were moving into a more commercialised, hip-hop influenced form of music. Artists from this new wave included N-Dubz , Tinchy Stryder , Tinie Tempah , and Chipmunk (later known as Chip) who emerged in
17947-621: Was popular among breakdancing crews in New York at the time. Over the next few years, more UK hip hop and electro music was released: Street Sounds Electro UK (Street Sounds, 1984), which was produced by Greg Wilson and featured an early appearance from MC Kermit, who later went on to form the Wilson produced Ruthless Rap Assassins ; The Rapologists ' "Kids Rap/Party Rap" (Billy Boy, 1984) and Grandmaster Richie Rich's "Don't Be Flash" (Spin Offs, 1985). Releases were still few and far between, and
18084-400: Was praised as a natural alternative to ecstasy , which was said to be declining in popularity ( LSD fuelled the first summer of love in 1967; ecstasy and LSD the second in 1988). After the 2004 festival, Michael Eavis commented that 2006 would be a year off – in keeping with the previous history of taking one "fallow year" in every five to give the villagers and surrounding areas a rest from
18221-472: Was released in the UK on 14 April 2006. Glastonbury 2007 (20–24 June) was headlined by Arctic Monkeys , The Killers , and The Who on Friday, Saturday and Sunday, respectively. Dame Shirley Bassey was also featured. In 2007, over 700 acts played on more than 80 stages and the capacity expanded by 20,000 to 177,000. This was the first year that "The Park" area opened. Designed by Emily Eavis, its main stage featured extra sets by several artists playing on
18358-509: Was suspected they missed their time slot, and BBC broadcaster Mark Radcliffe apologised on their behalf stating, "If you were expecting Toots and the Maytals – and, frankly, we all were – it seems like they were on Jamaican time or something because they didn't make it to the site on time." The group credited with coining the term " reggae " in song was subsequently rescheduled by the Glastonbury Festival organisers giving Toots and
18495-550: Was taken from Known 2 Be Down and was an early example of mixing hip hop and reggae in a (London) style. More was to come in the early 1990s in the form of MC Reason (a.k.a. Voice of Reason) with "Symbolise"/"HouseQuake" and Jonie D with "Which Base"/"Ride On" which was performed live on ITV in 1991. A mindset began to develop – typified by the Gunshot tune "No Sell Out" (1991), or Son of Noise 's "Poor But Hardcore" (1992) — that distrusted successful artists who did not utilise
18632-641: Was the first MC to be signed to a major label. Two singles from 1980 precede both of these however, namely Allen & Blewitt's novelty record "Chip Shop Wrapping", released in 1980, a parody of The Sugarhill Gang's " Rapper's Delight ", and Bo Kool's "Money (No Love)". The instrumental for "Money (No Love)" was produced by Funk Masters member Tony Williams, and would turn out to be an influential release in its own right, going on to inspire DJ's from New York to employ influences from dub music . In Scotland, actor and stand-up comedian Johnny Beattie released "The Glasgow Rap" in 1983, receiving some chart success at
18769-743: Was well received. Kanye West and The Who were the headliners for the Saturday and Sunday, respectively. Other notable acts who performed included Motörhead (their final festival appearance in the UK before Lemmy 's death), the Moody Blues, Pharrell Williams , Deadmau5 , Patti Smith , the Strypes , Lionel Richie , Catfish and the Bottlemen , Enter Shikari , the Chemical Brothers , Thee Faction , Alt-J , Paloma Faith , Mary J. Blige and Paul Weller , as well as an appearance by
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