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42-418: Shebekinsky District was created in 1928. On 6 January 1954, Shebekinsky District was transferred to the newly created Belgorod Oblast . Within the framework of administrative divisions , Shebekinsky District is one of the twenty-one in the oblast. The town of Shebekino serves as its administrative center , despite being incorporated separately as a town of oblast significance —an administrative unit with

84-583: A 2012 survey 50.5% of the population of Belgorod Oblast adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church , 8.1% are nondenominational Christians (excluding Protestant churches), 1.7% are Orthodox Christians who don't belong to the Russian Orthodox Church. In addition, 22.2% of the population declares to be spiritual but not religious , 10.5% is atheist or irreligious , and 7% follows other religions or did not give an answer to

126-538: A solid line of military fortifications was built in the area, stretching for almost 800 kilometers (500 mi). Zaporozhian Cossacks , who moved here because of the nobility and the tax burden, were in charge of the line defenses. Even more Cossacks moved to the area during the Khmelnytsky Uprising (1648–1657) and the internecine wars in the Cossack Hetmanate (1659–1679). Belgorod became

168-576: A year, usually for less than a week. For the rest of the year, the Presidium performed its ordinary functions. Often, the CPSU bypassed the Supreme Soviet altogether and had major laws enacted as Presidium decrees. Nominally, if such decrees were not ratified by the Supreme Soviet at its next session, they were considered revoked. In practice, however, the principle of democratic centralism rendered

210-665: Is 277 meters (909 ft) above sea level, in Prokhorovsky District . The lowest point is located at the bottom of the Oskol and Seversky Donets River valleys. Rivers, lakes, and marshes occupy about 1% of the oblast. There are more than 480 small rivers and streams. The largest of them are in the northwest—the Seversky Donets , Vorskla , Vorsklitsa, Psyol , and in the eastern regions—the Oskol , Tikhaya Sosna , Chyornaya Kalitva , Valuy. The total length of

252-578: Is the city of Belgorod . As of 2021 , the population is 1,540,486. During the Princely era of Kievan Rus' , the region was part of the Principality of Chernigov . The area was devastated by Mongol - Tatar raids and came under the control of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 14th and 15th centuries. Since 1500 it was part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow . At the turn of the 17th century,

294-606: Is the fundamental law of the region. The Legislative Assembly of Belgorod Oblast is the province's standing legislative (representative) body. The Legislative Assembly exercises its authority by passing laws, resolutions, and other legal acts and by supervising the implementation and observance of the laws and other legal acts passed by it. The highest executive body is the Oblast Government, which includes territorial executive bodies such as district administrations, committees, and commissions that facilitate development and run

336-501: The Central Federal District . It borders with Luhansk , Kharkiv , and Sumy Oblasts of Ukraine in the south and west, Kursk Oblast in the north and northwest, and Voronezh Oblast in the east. The total length of its borders is about 1,150 kilometers (710 mi), of which 540 kilometers (340 mi) are on the border with Ukraine. The area of the oblast is 27,100 square kilometers (10,500 sq mi);

378-511: The LDPR , and 1 by the Russian Party of Pensioners for Social Justice . In terms of area, the oblast is in the 67th place among the federal subjects of Russia; while in terms of population it is 30th (as of the results of the 2021 Census , down two places compared to the 2010 Census results. According to the results of the 2021 Census, the population of the oblast was 1,540,486, with

420-583: The Presidium which served as the USSR's collective head of state under both the 1936 and 1977 Soviet Constitutions . By the Soviet constitutions of 1936 and 1977 , the Supreme Soviet was defined as the highest organ of state power in the Soviet Union and was imbued with great lawmaking powers. In practice, however, it was a toy parliament which did nothing other than ratify decisions already made by

462-471: The Soviet Union there has been a natural population decrease (about -5 per 1,000 of the population). In recent years, there has been some reversion of this decline as a result of growth of fertility and mortality. Nevertheless, despite the negative trend of growth, the population of the area has remained relatively stable because of immigration. Belgorod, in Soviet times, attracted retirement workers from

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504-460: The 1936 Constitution, the Supreme Soviet was elected for a four-year term, and the Soviet of the Union had one deputy for every 300,000 people. This was changed by the 1977 constitution; the term was extended to five years, and the number of seats in the Soviet of the Union was changed to be the same as the Soviet of Nationalities, regardless of the population size. The Supreme Soviet convened twice

546-489: The 1999 election, his rival was Vladimir Zhirinovsky . Savchenko holds the title of longest-serving governor in post-Soviet Russia, being in office for 27 years. Since November 2020, Vyacheslav Gladkov is the governor of Belgorod Oblast. On 13 September 2020, elections to the 7th Belgorod Oblast Duma were conducted. The United Russia Party has won 44 out of 50 seats, 4 seats were won by the Communist Party , 1 by

588-708: The Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on 6 January 1954. The oblast was formed from several districts of Kursk and Voronezh Oblasts . For the courage and resilience shown by the people of Belgorod Oblast in defense of the Motherland during the Great Patriotic War , and for progress in reconstruction and development of national economy. On 4 January 1967, Belgorod Oblast

630-743: The Far North and Ukraine. This trend has increased since 2005 and now cancels out the natural decline in population. Worker migrants also arrive in Belgorod from Uzbekistan ; however, Muslim migrants face discrimination on a daily basis, and choose to leave. Population: 1,540,486 ( 2021 Census ) ; 1,532,526 ( 2010 Census ) ; 1,511,620 ( 2002 Census ) ; 1,380,723 ( 1989 Soviet census ) . Vital statistics for 2022: Total fertility rate (2022): 1.17 children per woman Life expectancy (2021): Total — 70.67 years (male — 66.54, female — 74.66) According to

672-613: The IUCN red list. The Belgorod region played a significant role in the evolution of Russian culture. It was inhabited by different tribes besides East Slavs and was one of the earliest Rus' principalities. Belgorod region played an important role in the Russian wedding tradition of the Rushnyk . Belgorod is also famous for its wood carving. During the Soviet period, the high authority in

714-549: The Moscow- Kharkiv - Sevastopol railway line. The length of railways for general use is 694.6 km; the length of paved roads is 8,500 km; roughly 87% of the total road surface in the oblast. Supreme Soviet of the USSR The Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( SSUSSR ) was the highest body of state authority of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1936 to 1991. It

756-531: The Soviet of The Union, which would jointly amend the Soviet Constitution , admit new states, hear out the President of the Soviet Union on important home and foreign policy issues, approve the union budget, declare war and conclude peace. The Soviet of Republics would consist of 20 deputies from each union republic, plus one deputy to represent each autonomous region of each republic, delegated by

798-400: The Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, each of its constituting union republics and each autonomous republic had a supreme soviet. These supreme soviets also had presidiums, but all consisted of only one chamber. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union , some soviets of the succeeded independent republics simply changed their name to their more historic name or to emphasise their importance as

840-534: The USSR's executive organs and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) – always by unanimous consent – and listen to the General Secretary 's speeches. This was in accordance with the Stalinist CPSU's principle of democratic centralism and became the norm for other Communist legislatures . The Supreme Soviet was composed of two chambers, each with equal legislative powers: Under

882-469: The agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. Despite its relatively small size, the oblast accounts for one fifth of the trade turnover between Russia and Ukraine. Important railways and highways of regional significance cross the oblast's territory, connecting Moscow with the southern and western regions of Russia and Ukraine. Of major importance is the Crimea Highway, or federal highway M-2 Crimea, and

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924-804: The area around it became a part of Kursk Vice-Royalty, while the southeastern uyezds became a part of Voronezh Governorate . During the 19th century and up until 1928 the territory of modern Belgorod Oblast remained part of the Kursk and Voronezh governorates. After the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in April 1918, in January 1919 the territory was incorporated into the Ukrainian State under hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi . The current administrative-territorial boundaries of Belgorod Oblast were formed by

966-461: The black chernozem soils. Some 2,713.4 thousand hectares is dedicated to agriculture, over 70% of which are chernozems. Per capita, there are an average of 1.43 hectares of pastoral land, and 1.1 hectares of arable land. Natural forests and forest plantations occupy 248.3 thousand hectares, or 12.5% of the oblast's area. Total timber reserves are estimated to be 34.3 million m . Belgorod Oblast has traditionally had and still has strong ties with

1008-529: The day to day matters of the province. The Oblast administration supports the activities of the Governor who is the highest official and acts as guarantor of the observance of the oblast Charter in accordance with the Constitution of Russia . The governor of Belgorod Oblast, Yevgeny Savchenko , was first appointed to this position in 1993 and subsequently re-elected in 1995, 1999, 2003, 2012 and 2017. In

1050-401: The features of the northern forest-steppe, characterized by the alternation of forests with the meadow steppes. It is chiefly represented by two types of vegetation—the zonal and extrazonal. In all, there are 1,284 flora species. Woodlands cover 9.8% of the total area, of which over 800 hectares are classified as protected areas because their rare species of plants and habitats of animals are on

1092-561: The military and administrative center, after originating as an outpost on the southern borders of Russia. Following the Battle of Poltava , Peter I granted to soldiers of Greater Belgorod the regiment flag. From 1708 to 1727, the territory of the modern Belgorod Oblast was part of the Kiev and Azov governorates. In 1727, Belgorod Governorate was established from parts of Kiev Governorate. The governorate lasted until 1779. This territory

1134-476: The north. The coldest month is January and the frost-free period is 155–160 days, with an average of 1800 hours of sunshine. Rainfall is uneven by year and season, with an average of 540–550 mm although rainfall can dramatically differ between the western and northern areas and the warmer, drier eastern and southeast where some years lows of around 400 millimeters (16 in) have been recorded. Over 40% of known iron ore reserves of Russia are concentrated in

1176-466: The oblast likely to have deposits of platinum , hydrocarbons , and other minerals. The fauna is predominantly of the meadow-steppe variety and comprises, by various estimates, from ten to fifteen thousand species. About 10% of the animal species are in need of special protection. Fifty species are included in the IUCN Red List . There are about 279 species of birds, including 152 that breed in

1218-541: The oblast stretches for about 190 kilometers (120 mi) from north to south and for about 270 kilometers (170 mi) from east to west. The oblast is located in the southwestern and southern slopes of the Central Russian Upland in the Dnieper and Don River basins , in the steppe zone of elevated hilly plain with an average height of 200 meters (660 ft) above the sea level. The highest point

1260-653: The oblast was shared between three persons: The first secretary of the Belgorod CPSU Committee (who in reality had the biggest authority), the chairman of the oblast Soviet (legislative power), and the Chairman of the oblast Executive Committee (executive power). Since 1991, CPSU lost all the power, and the head of the Oblast administration, and eventually the governor was appointed/elected alongside elected regional parliament . The Charter of Belgorod Oblast

1302-834: The oblast. Deposits are confined to the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly area. Among them are Korobkovsky, Lebedinskoye, Stoylenskoye, and prospective Prioskolskoye iron ore deposits in Stary Oskol District, Bolshetroitskoye in Shebekinsky District , as well as Yakovlevskoye and Pogremetskoye fields. Identified and explored in varying degrees are the large deposits of bauxites , apatites , underground mineral waters, and numerous deposits of construction materials such as chalk , sand , clay , and more. There are also known occurrences of gold , graphite , and other rare metals. Geographical features make

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1344-530: The oblast. The richest bird populations include sparrows (111 species); waders (45 species); geese (up to 30 species); day predators (21 species). The richest bird populations include sparrows (111 species); waders (45 species); geese (up to 30 species); day predators (21 species). The numbers of game animal species are as follows: moose: 387; deer: 501; roe deer: 4474; boar: 2574; hare: 18361; fox: 3856; marten: 2025; polecat: 1120; wolf: 36. The annual number of game animals remains stable. The vegetation reflects

1386-469: The process of ratifying Presidium decrees a mere formality. In some cases, even this formality was not observed. After 1989 it consisted of 542 deputies (divided into two 271 chambers) decreased from a previous 1,500. The meetings of the body were also more frequent, from six to eight months a year. In September 1991, after the August Coup , it was reorganised into the Soviet (council) of Republics and

1428-412: The question. Belgorod Oblast is administratively divided into twenty-one districts ( raions ), which are further divided into 335 rural okrugs . There are ten cities/towns in the oblast, as well as twenty urban-type settlements and 1,592 rural-type settlements. Belgorod Oblast is a highly developed industrial-agrarian region, whose economy relies on its enormous wealth of mineral resources and

1470-484: The republics' legislatures. Russia was an exception with 52 deputies. The Soviet Union consisted of deputies apportioned by the existing quotas. In 1989, its powers were: Acts by the Supreme Soviet entered into force after signature by the President and publication. Between 1938 and February 1990, more than 50 years, only 80 laws were passed by the Supreme Soviet, less than 1% of total legislative acts. Beside

1512-411: The river network is roughly 5,000 kilometers (3,100 mi), and in addition, there are 1,100 ponds and four artificial reservoirs . The climate of Belgorod Oblast is temperate continental with a relatively mild winter with some snowfall and long summers. Average annual air temperature varies from +5.4 °C (41.7 °F) to +6.7 °C (44.1 °F), being warmer on average in the southeast than

1554-563: The settlement of Kozinka in the oblast, and that they had entered Graivoron. Government officials declared a state of emergency in the Belgorod region on 14 August 2024 during the Russo-Ukrainian War following the incursion of Ukrainian military forces into the neighboring Kursk region and many attacks on airbases within Belgorod itself. Belgorod Oblast is part of the Central Black Earth economic region and

1596-465: The status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division , the district is incorporated as Shebekinsky Municipal District , with the town of oblast significance of Shebekino being incorporated within it as Shebekino Urban Settlement. Belgorod Oblast Belgorod Oblast ( Russian : Белгоро́дская о́бласть , romanized :  Belgorodskaya oblastʹ ) is a federal subject (an oblast ) of Russia . Its administrative center

1638-473: The urban population of 65.2% and the rural population of 34.8%. This is up from 1,532,526 recorded in the 2010 Census, and 1,380,723 recorded in the 1989 Census . Population density in 2008 was 56.1 persons per 1 km . The average age is 38.5 years—35.6 for men and 41 for women; 46% of the population are economically active. As in other regions of the European part of Russia, since the dissolution of

1680-705: Was awarded the Order of Lenin , and in 1980 the city of Belgorod was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War , first degree. In 2007, the city of Belgorod received the honorary title of the City of Military Glory . In May 2023, the governor of the region claimed that a Ukrainian "sabotage group" entered the region . Ukrainian media identified the alleged groups as the Freedom of Russia Legion and Russian Volunteer Corps . The units claimed they had "completely liberated"

1722-654: Was based on the principle of unified power , which was the only branch of government in the Soviet state. Prior to 1936, the Congress of Soviets was the supreme legislative body. During 1989–1991 a similar, but not identical structure was the supreme legislative body. The Supreme Soviet appointed the Council of Ministers , the Supreme Court , and the Procurator General of the USSR as well as elected

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1764-405: Was much greater than that of today, and the governorate incorporated territories modern Kursk , Oryol , and parts of Bryansk and Kharkiv oblasts. The coat of arms of the then-Governorate is still used by the modern Belgorod Oblast. In 1775–1779, the territory of Belgorod Governorate was abolished and divided between the newly formed governorates and vice-royalties. The city of Belgorod and

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