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58-725: Shilin District (also spelled Shihlin District , Chinese : 士林區 ; pinyin : Shìlínqū ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī : Sū-lîm-khu ) is a district of Taipei . The central command center of the Republic of China Navy (ROCN) is located in Shilin. The name Shilin was derived from Pattsiran , the indigenous Ketagalan word for " hot springs ". It was then transliterated into Chinese as " 八芝蘭 " ( pinyin : Bāzhīlán ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī : Pat-chi-lân ), which has been written as Pat-chi-na or Pachina . Prior to Han Chinese settlement,

116-588: A retronym applied to non-simplified character sets in the wake of widespread use of simplified characters. Traditional characters are commonly used in Taiwan , Hong Kong , and Macau , as well as in most overseas Chinese communities outside of Southeast Asia. As for non-Chinese languages written using Chinese characters, Japanese kanji include many simplified characters known as shinjitai standardized after World War II, sometimes distinct from their simplified Chinese counterparts . Korean hanja , still used to

174-693: A bi-annual service quality evaluation of each operating agency. This evaluation is used as a reference with regard to an operator's application for new routes and, the public transit subsidisation. New Taipei City Traffic Bureau evaluates New Taipei-administered operators separately. Before 1976, each bus operator, including ones operated by the Taipei City Bus Administration (now Metropolitan Transport Company), had their own fare structure and tickets. Paper tickets could not be used between different operators, making transfers between routes inconvenient. Bus routes were individually planned by

232-509: A certain extent in South Korea , remain virtually identical to traditional characters, with variations between the two forms largely stylistic. There has historically been a debate on traditional and simplified Chinese characters . Because the simplifications are fairly systematic, it is possible to convert computer-encoded characters between the two sets, with the main issue being ambiguities in simplified representations resulting from

290-555: A feeder network to the metro , shuttling passengers between areas without MRT service to MRT stations. The routes are identified by a colour code prefix representing MRT lines it serves. For example, BL 7 serves the MRT Blue Line, while BR 10 serves the MRT Brown Line. These shuttle routes are generally short, though some shuttle routes serves two or more MRT stations on different routes. R 32 , for example, serves both

348-869: Is 産 (also the accepted form in Japan and Korea), while in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan the accepted form is 產 (also the accepted form in Vietnamese chữ Nôm ). The PRC tends to print material intended for people in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, and overseas Chinese in traditional characters. For example, versions of the People's Daily are printed in traditional characters, and both People's Daily and Xinhua have traditional character versions of their website available, using Big5 encoding. Mainland companies selling products in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan use traditional characters in order to communicate with consumers;

406-620: Is also located in this district, along with the Taipei Astronomical Museum , the Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines , and the National Palace Museum . The district is home to many national historical sites, including historical temples, markets, and buildings. Tourist attractions include: The Tatun Volcanic Group is located northeast of the district. The district is also the location of

464-505: Is really not that different from other general routes. There is only one bo-ai bus route which follows the same route as 277 (松德站— Taipei VGH ). Taipei Metropolitan's other buses that stop at hospitals provide (Natural Gas Low bottom dish bus) at fixed intervals. In 2001, Taipei City Bus Administration (now Metropolitan Transit Company) imported 30 low-floor buses from Hungary, which were assigned to routes 22, 41, 49, 63, 74, 222, 270, 277, 285, 287, 601, 606 and 630. In 2008, with subsidies from

522-525: Is using the Student Easycard, otherwise, the full fare will be charged); the elderly, the physically or mentally disabled, and children Concession $ 8.(Elderly people with the Easycard "free points," can pay by having two points deducted). Easycard users can enjoy a concession fare when transferring between buses and MRTs within one hour. When this concession is applied, the full fare is $ 8, and

580-493: The Chinese Commercial News , World News , and United Daily News all use traditional characters, as do some Hong Kong–based magazines such as Yazhou Zhoukan . The Philippine Chinese Daily uses simplified characters. DVDs are usually subtitled using traditional characters, influenced by media from Taiwan as well as by the two countries sharing the same DVD region , 3. With most having immigrated to

638-497: The Kensiu language . Taipei bus The system is jointly operated by 15 individual bus transit agencies, sharing the same fare structure, ticketing process, and route numbering. Although most routes are operated by a single agency, there are routes co-operated by two agencies. The 15 agencies are: Fuho Bus ( Chinese : 福和客運 ) was previously part of the system, but left in 2009. Each bus operating agency participating in

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696-640: The Shanghainese -language character U+20C8E 𠲎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-20C8E —a composition of 伐 with the ⼝   'MOUTH' radical—used instead of the Standard Chinese 嗎 ; 吗 . Typefaces often use the initialism TC to signify the use of traditional Chinese characters, as well as SC for simplified Chinese characters . In addition, the Noto, Italy family of typefaces, for example, also provides separate fonts for

754-660: The Tianmu Baseball Stadium , Bailing Sport Park , Shilin Fitness Center and Chinese Culture and Movie Center . The Shuangxi Park and Chinese Garden is also located in Shilin. In addition to many bus lines , the district is served by Jiantan , Shilin , and Zhishan metro stations of the Taipei Metro Tamsui-Xinyi Line . It is served by Provincial Highway No. 2A and 2B, as well as many other major roads that run through

812-574: The Yangmingshan flower season, where access by private cars is limited. 132 runs only on the Duanwu Festival and Moon Festival . Recreational routes are marked with white on green background, and uses different stops as other routes. For the convenience of residents living in suburban, mountain areas, smaller buses have been operated since 1979. These routes usually go into mountains and remote areas, and can be flag and stop (隨招隨停) along

870-548: The "last mile" shuttle needs from MRT stations to communities. These routes usually do not cross over into another district, and goes by MRT stations or major bus transfer points. With the exception of "S27," all mini bus routes begin with an "M." Originally 11 routes were planned, although 4 were dropped in favor of themed bus routes (see below) in the western portion of Taipei City due to policies. 6 routes were later put into service as of 2007. The themed routes emphasize tourism and have been in operation since 2008. They fall between

928-638: The 1920s under Japanese colonial rule , the area was organized as Shirin Village ( 士林庄 ) and in 1933 Shirin Town ( 士林街 ) , under Shichisei District ( 七星郡 ) , Taihoku Prefecture . In 1945 after World War II, it was modified to Shilin Township ( 士林鎭 ), Taipei County ( 臺北縣 ). Shilin is foremost a residential district and has several famous neighborhoods, such as Waishuangxi ( 外雙溪 ) and Tianmu . Kuomintang leader Chiang Kai-shek lived in Shilin after moving

986-709: The Chinese Nationalist government to Taiwan after the Chinese Civil War . The district is divided up into 51 villages ( 里 ), which are further divided up into 987 neighborhoods ( 鄰 ). The district can be said to be the origin of culture in Taipei. During the Qing Dynasty , many private, public and community schools were opened in the area. During the Japanese era, a national learning center

1044-547: The Chungshan Junior High School (of Brown Line) and Minquan West Road stations (of Red Line). Originally, the vehicle bumpers were required to be painted with the respective MRT line colors. G 2 , for example serves the Brown, Green and Orange Lines, therefore was required to have bumpers painted in brown, green and orange, later all painted in green. As of now most vehicles have their bumpers returned to

1102-710: The Citizen Mini Bus and the Recreational Buses. These routes mostly run in Wanhwa and Tatung Districts (萬華區, 大同區). Originally planned as 4 Citizens Mini Bus routes, after evaluation and urban revitalization policies for the two districts, these routes were later presented as themed bus routes for tourism, as they are rather different from the commuter-oriented Citizens Mini Bus. Two of these themed routes are in service as of 2008, and are free for passengers. The MRT shuttles have been in operation since 1999 as

1160-555: The People's Republic of China, traditional Chinese characters are standardised according to the Table of Comparison between Standard, Traditional and Variant Chinese Characters . Dictionaries published in mainland China generally show both simplified and their traditional counterparts. There are differences between the accepted traditional forms in mainland China and elsewhere, for example the accepted traditional form of 产 in mainland China

1218-542: The Taipei City Traffic Bureau, private operators started purchasing low-floor buses. Zhongxiao New Trunk Line (忠孝新幹線), jointly operated by Zhongxing Bus (中興巴士) and Kwanghwa Bus (光華巴士) uses 20 low-floor buses imported from mainland China. Xinyi New Trunk Line (信義新幹線), operated by Capital Bus (首都客運), as well as 72, 902, 220 and Brown 9, will all have low-floor buses. In 2007, the Taipei City Traffic Bureau planned several Citizen Mini Bus routes, to provide

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1276-557: The Taipei City Transportation Bureau have different views regarding the adjustment of ticket prices: this inevitably leads to disputes. Though it is technically called "Single Fare", in actuality there are variations in the fare. The difference between special fares and full fares is paid by the City Government. The single journey ticket full fare is $ 15; the student fare is $ 12 (only if the student

1334-587: The United States during the second half of the 19th century, Chinese Americans have long used traditional characters. When not providing both, US public notices and signs in Chinese are generally written in traditional characters, more often than in simplified characters. In the past, traditional Chinese was most often encoded on computers using the Big5 standard, which favored traditional characters. However,

1392-589: The area was home to the Kimassauw community ( 麻少翁社 ) of the Taiwanese indigenous peoples . During the Qing era , a fort was set up, later called Zhilan Yi Bao (first fort/settlement of Pattsiran, 芝蘭一堡 ). By the late Qing dynasty , "many literary talents from Shilin had passed the imperial examination ", prompting the local gentry to rename it Shilin ( 士林 ), meaning "congregation of scholars and talents". In

1450-566: The bus and MRT both started using the IC Smart card 「 easycard 」. Thus between 2002 and October 2003, the bus chip tickets were phased out as the EasyCard system became prevalent. Bus fares are either charged to an EasyCard , for example a Taipei Pass , or directly paid by cash dropped in the fare box. No change is available for cash paid into the fare box. Therefore, it is recommended that passengers collect enough spare change before boarding

1508-412: The bus. Later, the private bus companies and transport offices (民營業者與官方單位) made plans for a system where fares would be deducted from a "retained value chip" ticket. After the private bus companies (民營業者) implemented a trial, this retained-value chip fare-deduction system was officially implemented on 1 September 1998. (At first the cash-payment method was entirely scrapped, while later the smart-card and

1566-561: The bus. The bus fare is determined according to different "sections" of the bus route, categorized as "one-section route" "two-sections route" or "three-sections route." Upon the development and expansion of the Taipei Urban area, bus route ranges are gradually expanding from the downtown area, mainly the Taipei Main Station, towards the suburban areas of Taipei County. Thus, intersection points have appeared, which cause

1624-476: The cash payment system were used together). The chip tickets could be bought with retained values of NT$ 300 and NT$ 500. However, the chip tickets could not be integrated with the Taipei Metro magnetic retained-value ticket, had a poor ability to process information, and had a high rate of failure (could not be recognised, or value could not be deducted). Consequently, as RFID technology became more advanced,

1682-610: The city. 25°05′00″N 121°31′01″E  /  25.0833°N 121.517°E  / 25.0833; 121.517 Traditional Chinese characters Traditional Chinese characters are a standard set of Chinese character forms used to write Chinese languages . In Taiwan , the set of traditional characters is regulated by the Ministry of Education and standardized in the Standard Form of National Characters . These forms were predominant in written Chinese until

1740-622: The efficiency of pedestrians transferring from one bus to another. After the MRT gradually went into operation, more and more bus routes used MRT stations as buffer zones, which led to the creation of more buffer zones, each with larger areas. Single section of ticket prices are set and adjusted by the Taipei City Transport Bureau using a fare formula, then submitted to the City Council for approval. The bus companies and

1798-710: The formation of "two-section routes" and "three-section routes". Transfer points are located at such places as Shilin, Songshan, Gongguan, Yonghe, Wanhua, and Sanchong, or at the Taipei/New Taipei border on the Tamsui and Xindian Rivers. The locations where the intersection points were designed have consistently become the best places for passengers to change buses, and due to increased pedestrian traffic in those areas, popular and energetic retail streets have developed. As would be expected, riding through 10 more stops but not through an intersection point would only require

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1856-493: The inverse is equally true as well. In digital media, many cultural phenomena imported from Hong Kong and Taiwan into mainland China, such as music videos, karaoke videos, subtitled movies, and subtitled dramas, use traditional Chinese characters. In Hong Kong and Macau , traditional characters were retained during the colonial period, while the mainland adopted simplified characters. Simplified characters are contemporaneously used to accommodate immigrants and tourists, often from

1914-473: The joint alliance formed a committee overseeing a joint-venture management centre. The alliance shares stops and waiting areas, and operates universal ticketing and fare structures. All revenue generated is collected by the management center and is then distributed to individual operators to meet their expenditure needs. Each operator retains control of its own structure, assets, revenue vehicles, and legal liabilities. Furthermore, Taipei City Traffic Bureau makes

1972-504: The joint operation started, all sign designs were unified as a circle, with a pink background. Information about the particular bus route was listed from top to bottom: The information about the bus stops was previously printed on transparent sheets; which were stuck to an LED display or to a plastic board. These could be divided into three main phases: Each bus operator independently used to issue various types of paper ticket, which were only usable on that specific operator's routes. After

2030-616: The joint system was completely administered by the Taipei City Traffic Bureau, it was difficult to survey the transportation needs (stops and routes), of Taipei County. Later, with the establishment of the Taipei County Traffic Bureau, routes that had their major mileage in Taipei County were then administered by the County Bureau. In the early stages, bus signs could be circular or rectangular. After

2088-423: The lienying system was implemented, and in order to reduce the number of employees, ticket-punchers (conductors) were gradually phased out. Drivers took up the task of punching tickets, (the so-called "one-person serviced bus"). The subsequent decrease in the drivers' work efficiency then led to the scrapping of the "ticket-punching system" in the beginning of 1994; after which, customers paid upon boarding and leaving

2146-433: The lienying system was implemented, to achieve a unified ticketing system, the unified management centre (聯管中心, liénkuǎn chunghsīn) produced a single unified set of tickets. These consisted of "ordinary tickets", "concessionary tickets" and "student tickets" (registered for and bought at individual schools). When air-conditioned buses went into operation, special (more expensive) tickets were issued for use on these buses. After

2204-725: The mainland. The increasing use of simplified characters has led to concern among residents regarding protecting what they see as their local heritage. Taiwan has never adopted simplified characters. The use of simplified characters in government documents and educational settings is discouraged by the government of Taiwan. Nevertheless, with sufficient context simplified characters are likely to be successfully read by those used to traditional characters, especially given some previous exposure. Many simplified characters were previously variants that had long been in some use, with systematic stroke simplifications used in folk handwriting since antiquity. Traditional characters were recognized as

2262-432: The major thoroughfares they serve: "Xinyi Trunk Line," for example, serves a major length of Xinyi Road. Some of the trunk routes were later renumbered due to changes in transit policy. Nanjing Trunk, serving Nanjing East and West Roads, for example, were renamed as "MacArthur New Village shuttle bus," then later renamed as "Red 25" as a feeder shuttle to the MRT red line. Zhongxiao Trunk, serving Zhongxiao East and West Roads,

2320-682: The majority of Chinese text in mainland China are simplified characters , there is no legislation prohibiting the use of traditional Chinese characters, and often traditional Chinese characters remain in use for stylistic and commercial purposes, such as in shopfront displays and advertising. Traditional Chinese characters remain ubiquitous on buildings that predate the promulgation of the current simplification scheme, such as former government buildings, religious buildings, educational institutions, and historical monuments. Traditional Chinese characters continue to be used for ceremonial, cultural, scholarly/academic research, and artistic/decorative purposes. In

2378-983: The merging of previously distinct character forms. Many Chinese online newspapers allow users to switch between these character sets. Traditional characters are known by different names throughout the Chinese-speaking world. The government of Taiwan officially refers to traditional Chinese characters as 正體字 ; 正体字 ; zhèngtǐzì ; 'orthodox characters'. This term is also used outside Taiwan to distinguish standard characters, including both simplified, and traditional, from other variants and idiomatic characters . Users of traditional characters elsewhere, as well as those using simplified characters, call traditional characters 繁體字 ; 繁体字 ; fántǐzì ; 'complex characters', 老字 ; lǎozì ; 'old characters', or 全體字 ; 全体字 ; quántǐzì ; 'full characters' to distinguish them from simplified characters. Some argue that since traditional characters are often

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2436-452: The middle of the 20th century, when various countries that use Chinese characters began standardizing simplified sets of characters, often with characters that existed before as well-known variants of the predominant forms. Simplified characters as codified by the People's Republic of China are predominantly used in mainland China , Malaysia, and Singapore. "Traditional" as such is

2494-677: The official script in Singapore until 1969, when the government officially adopted Simplified characters. Traditional characters still are widely used in contexts such as in baby and corporation names, advertisements, decorations, official documents and in newspapers. The Chinese Filipino community continues to be one of the most conservative in Southeast Asia regarding simplification. Although major public universities teach in simplified characters, many well-established Chinese schools still use traditional characters. Publications such as

2552-490: The operators, often creating areas that had either too much or not enough service. To increase service efficiency, the "Committee on the Establishment of Taipei City Public and Private Bus Joint Service" was formed in 1976, unifying route numbering, fare structures and ticketing, and establishing a unified organisation administering joint service businesses. On 30 April 1977, the joint service began with 33 routes. Later

2610-519: The original livery, pink. In recent years, many businesses have moved into the Neihu Technology Park and Nankang Software Park . As a result, the surrounding roads have seen a dramatic increase in traffic. Taipei City Traffic Bureau, as a response, planned routes that connect the industrial parks and MRT stations, as well as commuter express buses to New Taipei. The express routes utilize expressways, freeways, and/or bus lanes to shorten

2668-700: The original standard forms, they should not be called 'complex'. Conversely, there is a common objection to the description of traditional characters as 'standard', due to them not being used by a large population of Chinese speakers. Additionally, as the process of Chinese character creation often made many characters more elaborate over time, there is sometimes a hesitation to characterize them as 'traditional'. Some people refer to traditional characters as 'proper characters' ( 正字 ; zhèngzì or 正寫 ; zhèngxiě ) and to simplified characters as 簡筆字 ; 简笔字 ; jiǎnbǐzì ; 'simplified-stroke characters' or 減筆字 ; 减笔字 ; jiǎnbǐzì ; 'reduced-stroke characters', as

2726-417: The payment of "one-section route" fare, but to board the bus at an intersection point, and riding through only two or three stops, would require a "two-section route" fare. Because the fares required were not proportional to the distance covered on the bus, buffer zones were then created. Buffer zones were created as stations concentrated in areas before and after bridges and tunnels, (e.g. 自強隧道), which increased

2784-534: The route became extended to the MRT Kunyang Station. To service the disabled, Wheel chair users, the "Bo-ai bus" line was specially operated. The buses are different from the general buses used. However, the number of handicapped passengers are very few; Kanfgu Bus (Only for handicapped) vehicle reserved and Door to door service is very popular, and is providing strong competition. The Bo-ai bus does not operate as frequently. As for actual function,

2842-573: The route like a taxi. In urban areas, these routes use fixed bus stops. These "small" routes begin with the letter "S," such as "S1" and "S15." Small routes are usually run with 20-seat mini buses and were operated by the Taipei City Bus Administration . After the TCBA has been privatized, all the S routes have been released along their service vehicles to Danan Bus , Capital Bus and Southeast Bus . After modification of some of

2900-567: The routes, transport between the mountain areas and the MRT stations also became the function of the MRT shuttle bus, and was not only the function of the "Small" bus routes. For example: the "small route" of the S1 local bus (Neigou—MRT Kunyang Station originally only travelled to the area of the Xinnan Temple, Nangang Farmers' Association. After the Southeast (shuttle?) Bus was established,

2958-510: The same year, 97 routes were added to the joint system. The number of operators increased from five (four private operators and TCBA) to ten. In the late 1980s to 1990s, many local routes administered by the Taiwan Provincial Highway Bureau (台灣省公路局, now Taiwan Highway Bureau 台湾公路總局) were renumbered and joined the joint service system. As more operators participated in the joint system, the service area increased. As

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3016-472: The student fare is $ 6. For elders, physically/mentally handicapped persons and children, this concession fare is $ 4. (Alternately, if elders have "free points" on their easycard, one "point" may be deducted as the fare.) But this concession can only be applied to the one leg of the journey. Route numbers contain 1 to 3 digits. Serving major thoroughfares in Taipei City, these trunk routes are named after

3074-636: The traditional character set used in Taiwan ( TC ) and the set used in Hong Kong ( HK ). Most Chinese-language webpages now use Unicode for their text. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends the use of the language tag zh-Hant to specify webpage content written with traditional characters. In the Japanese writing system , kyujitai are traditional forms, which were simplified to create shinjitai for standardized Japanese use following World War II. Kyūjitai are mostly congruent with

3132-985: The traditional characters in Chinese, save for minor stylistic variation. Characters that are not included in the jōyō kanji list are generally recommended to be printed in their traditional forms, with a few exceptions. Additionally, there are kokuji , which are kanji wholly created in Japan, rather than originally being borrowed from China. In the Korean writing system , hanja —replaced almost entirely by hangul in South Korea and totally replaced in North Korea —are mostly identical with their traditional counterparts, save minor stylistic variations. As with Japanese, there are autochthonous hanja, known as gukja . Traditional Chinese characters are also used by non-Chinese ethnic groups. The Maniq people living in Thailand and Malaysia use Chinese characters to write

3190-518: The ubiquitous Unicode standard gives equal weight to simplified and traditional Chinese characters, and has become by far the most popular encoding for Chinese-language text. There are various input method editors (IMEs) available for the input of Chinese characters . Many characters, often dialectical variants, are encoded in Unicode but cannot be inputted using certain IMEs, with one example being

3248-587: The words for simplified and reduced are homophonous in Standard Chinese , both pronounced as jiǎn . The modern shapes of traditional Chinese characters first appeared with the emergence of the clerical script during the Han dynasty c.  200 BCE , with the sets of forms and norms more or less stable since the Southern and Northern dynasties period c.  the 5th century . Although

3306-563: Was dropped due to the route overlapping with the MRT Blue Line. With the addition of low-floor buses and the inauguration of Taipei Nangang Exhibition Hall , a new "Zhongxiao New Trunk Line" was added along with "Xinyi New Trunk Line." Recreational routes transport passengers to tourist attractions or recreational areas. Some routes run on all holidays (108 circles Yangmingshan National Park, while 109, 110 and 111 connects Yangmingshan and Taipei City), while some others only run during special seasons or special holidays. Routes 126–131 run during

3364-675: Was set up at Zhishanyan . Shilin has three universities: Ming Chuan University , Soochow University , and the Chinese Culture University . Several international schools, including the Taipei American School , Taipei Japanese School , The Primacy Collegiate Academy and Taipei European School are located in this district. The district is also home to two vocational colleges , four senior high schools, eight junior high schools, and twenty elementary schools. The National Taiwan Science Education Center

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