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35-521: His mother was a daughter of Iriki'in Shigesato (入来院重聡), Sesshō (雪窓). Shimazu Yoshihiro , Shimazu Toshihisa and Shimazu Iehisa were his brothers. He is said to have been born in Izaku Castle in 1535. His childhood name was Torajumaru (虎寿丸) but he went by the name of Matasaburō (又三郎). On his coming-of-age ( genpuku ), he took the name of Tadayoshi (忠良) but after receiving a kanji from

70-413: A Buddhist monk if his life was spared. His name as a monk was Ryūhaku (龍伯) but it is unclear whether he retired in order to allow Yoshihiro to rule. As a retainer under Hideyoshi, his younger brother Yoshihiro controlled troops, but it is believed that Yoshihisa still managed day-to-day affairs in the domain. Yoshihisa did not have a son to succeed him, so he had Yoshihiro's son, Shimazu Tadatsune marry

105-585: A Western army led by Fukuhara Nagataka, and burning the wall and outer citadels of the castle. As Katsunari burned the outer citadels of Ogaki castle, the Western army nearby that area, including the Shimazu clan who had just been beaten by Katsunari's army, decided to abort their plan to go in as they thought the Ogaki castle could not be saved. Then Yoshihiro decided to retreat into Ise Province . According to

140-537: A campaign to unify Kyūshū . Starting in 1572 with a victory against Itō clan at the battle of Kizaki and the Siege of Takabaru in 1576, Yoshihisa continued to win battles. In 1578, Yoshihisa defeated the Ōtomo clan at the battle of Mimigawa and pursuit the Ōtomo army to they homeland, though he did not take their territory; Later, in 1581, Yoshihisa forces took Minamata castle in Higo Province with

175-556: A fighting retreat called Sutegamari (捨て奸), where until a certain number of men died holding a position and repelling an attack, the main body of the army fought as well. Though Toyohisa and the bulk of the troops died, the charge and retreat were a success with a wound dealt to Ii Naomasa in the process. After beating back the chase, he picked up his wife at Sumiyoshi in Settsu Province and returned to Satsuma Province by ships. The Japanese historian Shiramine Jun studied why

210-641: A force of 115,000 men; In early 1584, his forces was victorious in Battle of Okitanawate In Hizen Province against Ryūzōji clan and defeated the Aso clan . In 1585, Yoshihisa forces attack Horikiri Castle at Chikugo Province and later took Otomo's Iwaya castle resulted after the Shimazu invasion of Chikuzen Province . By the middle of 1585, the Shimazu clan controlled; Chikugo , Chikuzen , Hizen , Higo , Hyūga , Osumi , and Satsuma , most of Kyūshū with

245-541: A position to invade Kyushu. In 1586, Shimazu Yoshihisa marched to attack Otomo's Tachibana castle , when the commanders of the Shimazu army arrived near Tachibana castle. Tachibana Muneshige led the defense of the castle with his wife, the former clan leader Tachibana Ginchiyo . Later, the Otomo leaders travelled to Osaka itself, seeking to persuade Hideyoshi to help. Hideyoshi was impressed with this embassy, and presumably agreed to help. Yoshihisa, seeing that Hideyoshi

280-596: A truce was agreed. Hideyoshi offered generous terms for a lasting peace to son of Yoshihiro's and Iehisa's; though Yoshihisa initially refused the offer, Hideyoshi tried again and was this time successful. Most of the domains Yoshihisa had conquered were given by Hideyoshi to three of his senior generals - Kato, Konishi, and Kuroda - and the Shimazu clan managed to retain only Satsuma Province and Ōsumi Province , as well as half of Hyuga. The Mori were given fiefs in northern Kyushu, and Kobayakawa gained Chikuzen. Yoshihisa shaved his head to surrender, showing that he would become

315-538: Is a playable character in the Sengoku Basara series of video games. He is the main antagonist in Noryang: Deadly Sea and is portrayed by Baek Yoon-sik . Toyotomi Hidenaga Toyotomi Hidenaga ( 豊臣 秀長 , April 8, 1540 – February 15, 1591) , formerly known as Hashiba Koichirō ( 羽柴 小一郎 ) or Hashiba Hidenaga ( 羽柴 秀長 ) . He was a half-brother of Toyotomi Hideyoshi , one of

350-566: Is called Dainagon-zuka ( 大納言塚 ) . During the Warring States period, it was not uncommon for even parents and siblings to engage in lethal conflicts, yet he unwaveringly supported his brother. Many historians believe that "Had Hidenaga lived longer, the Toyotomi regime would have been secure". Indeed, Hideyoshi's Korean campaign and the purge of Hidetsugu occurred after the deaths of Hidenaga and Sen no Rikyū . This article about

385-521: Is said to have been born in Izaku Castle in 1535. He was the castle lord in command of Iino Castle . Yoshihiro along with Niiro Tadamoto defeated the Itō clan at the Battle of Kizaki , in 1572, and defeated the Otomo clan with his brothers in the 1578 at Battle of Mimigawa . In 1587, facing Toyotomi Hideyoshi 's troops that sought to pacify Kyūshū , Yoshihiro pressed for war even after his brother and

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420-495: The Battle of Sekigahara in 1600. According to novels ( Rakusuishū 『落穂集』) of the Edo Period, Yoshihiro was initially supposed to Ieyasu's side. He was crushed by Ishida Mitsunari 's army upon his arrival for a rescue Torii Mototada during the siege of Fushimi Castle and, after being humiliated, he took the side of Ishida Mitsunari instead. However, recent research indicated that Yoshihiro had chosen to side with Mitsunari from

455-775: The Seven-Year War . See People of the Sengoku period in popular culture § Shimazu Yoshihiro He is a playable character in Pokémon Conquest (Pokémon + Nobunaga's Ambition in Japan), with his partner Pokémon being Gurdurr and Conkeldurr . He is also a playable character in Total War: Shogun 2 . He is a playable character in the Samurai Warriors series of video games. He

490-405: The shōgun Ashikaga Yoshiteru , changed to Yoshitatsu (義辰). He later changed his name to Yoshihisa . He married his own aunt and after her death, married his relative, a daughter of Tanegashima Tokitaka . In 1566, he succeeded his father as the head of Shimazu clan , becoming the clan's sixteenth leader. Working together with his brothers Yoshihiro , Toshihisa , and Iehisa , he launched

525-464: The Korean peninsula and successfully carried out a series of battles. In 1597, working together with Tōdō Takatora , Katō Yoshiaki and Konishi Yukinaga , Yoshihiro defeated Won Kyun 's navy. At the Battle of Sacheon (泗川) in 1598, facing a Ming army counting 37,000, Yoshihiro defeated them with only 7,000 soldiers. On the final battle of the war in 1598, the Battle of Noryang , Yoshihiro's objective

560-625: The Mōri had been recently suppressed. Hidenaga then drove back the Shimazu forces in Hyūga and Bungo . The Shimazu fought well, but had few firearms and lacked discipline and training; they were steadily overwhelmed through the superior quality and quantity. By the end of May 1587, the various island daimyos had turned to Hideyoshi's side. In June, Shimazu was routed in Satsuma itself, and Hideyoshi laid Siege of Kagoshima castle. Yoshihisa sued for peace, and

595-768: The Shimazu clan behaved torpidly and deduced it was because Yoshihiro had become involved in the power struggling between his brother Yoshihisa and Ijūin Tadamune . It led Yoshihiro losing the support of Yoshihisa, which trapped Yoshihiro due to the lack of support from the Shimazu clan. In 1602, after recognizing why and how Yoshihiro behaved on the battlefield, Ieyasu had the Shimazu clan retain its domain and let Yoshihiro's son Shimazu Tadatsune succeed him. Yoshihiro retired to Sakurajima and took up teaching younger generations. He died in 1619 and several of his retainers who had fought alongside him followed him by committing suicide . It had traditionally been believed that he became

630-459: The Shimazu forces, returned to Ieyasu to ask permission to participate on the Sekigahara main battle which planned in the next day. However, Ieyasu instead ordered Katsunari to guard Sone castle and keep an eyes on Ogaki castle which located nearby and being controlled by Western army loyal to Mitsunari. In response, Katsunari then brought his troops at midnight to surround Ogaki castle, beating

665-419: The Shimazu forces. In response, Katsunari went out with sallying force with his younger brother, Mizuno Tadatane, to defend Sone Castle. Katsunari ordered his artilleries to return fire at the turret of the Shimazu artilleries, then he led his army to storm the Shimazu position and manage to overcome the Shimazu clan 's army, causing Yoshihiro to retreat and abandon the siege against Sone castle. After he beat

700-512: The arrival of Hideyoshi's armies. Hideyoshi mobilised a force of 200,000 soldiers and 20,000 pack animals, transporting supplies for an even larger army of 300,000 men. Toyotomi Hidenaga led the vanguard of 25,000 men and 3,000 horses. By April 1587 Hideyoshi had reached the straits at Shimonoseki , moving through Chikuzen and Chikugo to attack Yoshihisa in Higo . At this point Mōri forces under Kobayakawa Takakage joined Hidenaga's force, as

735-457: The exception of Ōtomo's domain and unification was a feasible goal. In 1585, during Shimazu's attempt to unify Kyushu, other Kyushu clans appealed to Toyotomi Hideyoshi for help; the Otomo clan and Ryuzoji clan asked Hideyoshi for aid, and though he had been unable to help at that time, Hideyoshi interceded, requesting that Yoshihisa make peace with Otomo. In response, Yoshihisa derided his attempt to intervene, not seeing Hideyoshi as being in

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770-528: The head of clan Yoshihisa surrendered. After Yoshihisa repeatedly asked for the surrender, Yoshihiro finally accepted. After Yoshihisa became a Buddhist monk, it was believed that he became the head of the clan, though the real power remained in Yoshihisa's hands. He had been a willing and skillful general under Toyotomi Hideyoshi. In both 1592 and 1597 of the Seven-Year War, Yoshihiro set his foot on

805-409: The most powerful and significant warlords of Japan 's Sengoku period and regarded as 'Hideyoshi's brain and right-arm'. Hidenaga was also known by his court title, Dainagon ( 大納言 ) . He promoted Tōdō Takatora to chief engineer. He led Hideyoshi's vanguard force a few years later into Satsuma Province , contributing heavily to his half-brother's victories in gaining control of Kyūshū . Hidenaga

840-418: The rest of Mitsunari's side was wiped out, Yoshihiro was stranded among at least 30,000 of Ieyasu's troops. Vastly outnumbered, Yoshihiro tried to make a charge against Ieyasu himself but after his nephew Shimazu Toyohisa demanded that he not kill himself over a meaningless battle, Yoshihiro instead chose to charge straight through Ieyasu's troop to make an exit to the other side. Yoshihiro had his troops make

875-482: The same goal, I never had a chance to show my bravery in a battle. I only had to wait in the castle for news brought by messengers of their victories". After Yoshihisa left, Ieyasu told his retainers that - "[Yoshihisa had, as] a general let retainers under him work to the best of their abilities. This is how a great general should be". On January 21 in 1611, he died of illness in Kokubu Castle . Posthumously, he

910-431: The scripts of Yoshihiro's subordinate Kando Kutarō , Yoshihiro got along with Mitsunari from the start, but their relationship was distorted by the novelists of the Edo Period. It was said that Mitsunari did not listen to any of Yoshihiro's plans, including a surprise night attack on the day before the actual battle of Sekigahara. On the day of the battle, Yoshihiro and his 1500 men held ground and did not fight at all. After

945-401: The seventeenth head of the Shimazu clan after Yoshihisa, but it is currently believed that he let Yoshihisa keep his position. Yoshihiro was essential to the Shimazu clan and both Ieyasu and Hideyoshi tried to divide the clan by treating Yoshihiro well, but treating the elder brother Yoshihisa badly, which did not succeed. He was a devoted Buddhist , and built a monument for enemy troops during

980-485: The third daughter Shimazu Kameju (亀寿) and adopted him as the successor. Yoshihisa's knowledge of culture is not known, but after Hideyoshi granted Hosokawa Fujitaka a retirement estate at Osumi Province in 1595, Fujitaka taught him classic literatures, and Kampaku Konoe Wakihisa, who was skilled in waka and renga , is believed to have frequented Yoshihisa's house. He initially looked favourably on Christian missionaries such as Luís de Almeida. After his domain

1015-561: The very start, before Mōri Terumoto announced the declaration of war against the Tokugawa in July 1600. Yoshihiro also played an important role as a member of Mitsunari's core staff and was pivotal in persuading Uesugi Kagekatsu to ally with them. On September 13, Shimazu Yoshihiro led his soldiers to besiege Sone Castle and bombarding Sone castle with their artilleries. Ii Naomasa and Honda Tadakatsu implored Mizuno Katsunari to repulse

1050-478: Was awarded the provinces of Kii, Izumi and Yamato , reaching a governance of one million koku . He took part in the 1582 Battle of Yamazaki , the 1583 Battle of Shizugatake , also lead Toyotomi's troops at the Invasion of Shikoku (1585) , and the 1587 Battle of Takajo , Battle of Sendaigawa and Siege of Kagoshima . He died in 1591, at Kōriyama , Yamato Province (now Nara Prefecture ), and his tomb

1085-603: Was named 貫明存忠庵主. He was buried at what had once been the site of Fukushoji in Kagoshima - his tombstone remains, along with those of the other leaders of his clan. There are also monuments built in his memory at Kokubun, Ima Kumano Kannonji (今熊野観音寺) in Kyoto , and Koyasan . Though there is no portrait of Yoshihisa remaining, there is a bronze figure of Yoshihisa at the Taiheiji , depicting his surrender to Hideyoshi. The statue

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1120-419: Was prepared to invade, sent a message to Hideyoshi, claiming that he had attacked the other clans in self-defence, but Hideyoshi refused and leads his forces to Kyushu. In late 1586, Kyushu Campaign by Toyotomi Hideyoshi begin. The Ōtomo forces, were supported by Shikoku armies under Chōsokabe Motochika , Sengoku Hidehisa and Sogō Masayasu , they delayed Shimazu forces and weakened them in preparation for

1155-453: Was produced after he died. Shimazu Yoshihiro Shimazu Yoshihiro ( 島津 義弘 , August 21, 1535 – August 30, 1619) was the second son of Shimazu Takahisa and the younger brother of Shimazu Yoshihisa . Traditionally believed to be the 17th head of the Shimazu clan , he was a skilled general during the Sengoku period who greatly contributed to the unification of Kyūshū . He

1190-404: Was split up by Hideyoshi, Tokugawa Ieyasu invited Yoshihisa to Fushimi Castle . Ieyasu and his retainers repeatedly asked Yoshihisa how he managed to unify Kyushu; eventually, Yoshihisa relented, saying that he won his victories through his retainers - "[Because] my three younger brothers, led by Yoshihiro, as well as retainers like Uwai Satokane and Yamada Arinobu , fought so well united under

1225-542: Was to cross the Noryang Strait, link up with Konishi and retreat to Japan.The Korean admiral Yi Sun-sin who had obstructed Yoshiaki died in this battle. Afterward, Yoshihiro rescued the Japanese commanders and returned to Japan. After Toyotomi Hideyoshi's death in 1598, the land became split between Toyotomi supporters backing Ishida Mitsunari and those that supported Tokugawa Ieyasu , eventually culminating in

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