The Sitones were a Germanic people living somewhere in Northern Europe in the first century CE . They are mentioned only by Cornelius Tacitus in 97 CE in Germania . Tacitus considered them similar to Suiones (ancestors of modern Swedes ) apart from one descriptor, namely that women were the ruling sex. Phonetical equivalent of ᚦ (þurisaz) may have been documented equivalent to either T or D, explaining sitones, suiones and suehans as local differences similar to viking age runestone carvings describing siþiuþu, suiþiuþu and suoþiauþu meaning Svitjod (Sweden).
12-518: Upon the Suiones, border the people Sitones; and, agreeing with them in all other things, differ from them in one, that here the sovereignty is exercised by a woman. So notoriously do they degenerate not only from a state of liberty, but even below a state of bondage. Speculations on the Sitones' background are numerous. According to one theory, the name is a partial misunderstanding of Sigtuna , one of
24-464: Is a compound name where the second element is - tuna and the first one is either of two closely related dialectal words, viz. sig meaning "seeping water" or "swamp" or sik meaning "swamp". As a basis for this intpretation, a brook south of Signhildsberg has been mentioned, or the fact that the estate was surrounded by marshy terrain. Another theory considers the name to be an ancient prestigious " wander toponym ", meaning "strong fortress", like
36-566: Is a manor that formerly was a royal estate ( Uppsala öd ), located in the parish of Håtuna approximately 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west of the modern town of Sigtuna , by Lake Mälaren in Sweden . Although the location is nearly forgotten, it has a central role in Norse mythology , according to which it was founded by the Norse god Odin . The name Sigtuna is contested. According to one theory, it
48-647: Is chronologically Old Sigtuna to fight at the Battle of Bråvalla : There are two large ruins that had been two large three-aisled halls, a series of terraces just above the shore-line of the Germanic Iron Age , traces of a harbour, a large mound and a number of smaller grave fields . Excavations have dated the remains to the Vendel Age , part of the Germanic Iron Age , and the Viking Age , i.e., from
60-653: The Celtic toponym Segodunum , from Proto-Germanic * sigatūna -, Old Norse Sigtún , cf. Proto-Germanic * segaz ~ *sigiz - "victory": Gothic sigis , Old Norse sigr , Old English sigor , Old Frisian sige, sīge , Old High German sigi, sigu . In 1680, the name was changed to Signhildsberg after the Old Norse legend of Hagbard and Signy . In Chapter 5 of the Ynglinga saga section of his Heimskringla , Snorri Sturluson relates that Odin and
72-675: The Æsir first arrived at Old Sigtuna when they came to Sweden: Later the pirate Sölve arrived at Old Sigtuna to claim the Swedish throne: In the part called The Saga of St. Olaf , the Norwegian king Olaf Haraldsson makes shore at Old Sigtuna: In Orvar-Odd 's saga , Hjalmar laments his dying: Sék hvar sitja Sigtúnum á fljóð þaus löttu farar mik þaðan ; gleðrat Hjálmar í höll konungs öl né rekkar of aldr síðan. I see where they sit at home in Sigtun ,
84-521: The 6th century until the 11th century. It was an Iron Age and mediaeval royal estate (see Uppsala öd ) and it was located strategically at the waterway to Old Uppsala and the Temple at Uppsala . In the 10th century, the name was transferred to modern Sigtuna , which apparently assumed many of its functions. Since the 17th century, the location has been a manor named Signhildsberg or Signesberg . Nationalencyklopedin and A historical review of
96-419: The Sitones' submission to a woman as the logical culminating degeneracy after the Suiones' total submission to their king and surrendering of their weapons to a slave. Old Sigtuna 59°37′25″N 17°39′10″E / 59.62361°N 17.65278°E / 59.62361; 17.65278 Signhildsberg (historically Fornsigtuna , where forn means ancient , Old Sigtuna , Sithun , Signesberg )
108-477: The central locations in the Swedish kingdom, which much later had a Latin spelling Situne . Another view is that the "queen" of the Sitones derives by linguistic confusion with an Old Norse word for "woman" from the name of the Kvens or Quains . According to medievalist Kemp Malone (1925), Tacitus' characterization of both the Suiones and the Sitones is "a work of art, not a piece of historical research", with
120-506: The girls who begged me not to go; no joy for Hjalmar in the hall after this, with ale and men, ever again. The location is also mentioned in other poems by the 11th-century skalds Þjóðólfr Arnórsson Valgarðr á Velli and Arnórr Þórðarson . Saxo Grammaticus writes in Book 8 of Gesta Danorum that Sigmund, one of the warriors of the House of Yngling , came from what
132-528: The name, from which the information about the name and dates is taken . Arn%C3%B3rr %C3%9E%C3%B3r%C3%B0arson (Redirected from Arnórr Þórðarson ) Icelandic skald Arnórr Þórðarson jarlaskáld Occupation Skald Language Old Norse Period Viking Age Literary movement Skaldic poetry Years active 9th century Notable works Hrynhenda Arnórr Þórðarson jarlaskáld ( Poet of Earls ) (c. 1012 – 1070s)
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#1732773046039144-754: Was an Icelandic skald , son of Þórðr Kolbeinsson . Arnórr travelled as a merchant and often visited the Orkney Islands where he composed poems for the Earls, receiving his byname. For king Magnus the Good , he composed Hrynhenda . He also composed memorial poems for Magnus the Good and Haraldr harðráði . He is considered one of the major skalds of the 11th century. See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Iceland portal List of Icelandic writers Icelandic literature References [ edit ] Arnórr jarlaskáld : Hrynhenda Text of
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