Misplaced Pages

#233766

107-657: The origin of the town's name is attributed to Rani Sewi, a Hindu lady of the Sewa Dynasty who ruled Balochistan before the 7th century. Sibi is a city in the Balochistan province of Pakistan. The climatic and topography of Sibi District is quite varied compared to other districts of Balochistan. It is also known as the "Hot spot" of Pakistan where the temperatures in the summer exceed far above normal 52.6 °C (126.7 °F). The district has two tehsils, Sibi and Lehri, which are further organized into sub-tehsils. Sibi

214-577: A "large city" commanded by a citadel that was surrounded by a moat. In the early 12th century, Multani poet Abdul Rahman penned the Sandesh Rasak , the only known Muslim work in the medieval Apabhraṃśa language. In 1175, Muhammad Ghori conquered Ismaili-ruled Multan, after having invaded the region via the Gomal Pass from Afghanistan into Punjab, and used the city as a springboard for his unsuccessful campaign into Gujarat in 1178. Multan

321-588: A Khillat and dustar of Chiefship sent to him by the Amir Sarbuland Khan. Between 1830 and 1878, for about half a century, Pannis of Sibi (while being at civil war with Khajjaks ) resisted successfully the repeated attacks of Marris for capturing the Sibi and Sangan - without any help from the State of Afghanistan of which they were an integral part . History of Sibi of this period is replete with references to

428-494: A Native regiment and a whole troop of horse artillery, were despatched in hot haste, but the elements prevented their speedy arrival and by the time the troops reached the Khajjak town they found that it had been evacuated by its brave defenders, and was then in the possession of the detachment which before had unsuccessfully assaulted it. The defenses of the place wee blown up and demolished, the place itself given up to plunder, and

535-484: A battle with Pannis who were then being led by Sardar Panju Khan Khajjak . In this battle Panju Khan along with many Afghans was killed whereas his colleagues Sabzal Khan and Doulat Khan Barozai sued for peace.Thus Sibi and Dhadar were again, in the month of March and April 1708, restored to Kalhora rule. Pannis lost about 1000 men in the course of the 37 days-long Kalhora-Panni battle for SIWI and Dhadar. Mir Abdul Jalil Bilgrami has recorded this famous and prolonged battle in

642-451: A centre for slave-trade, though slavery was banned in the late 1300s by Muhammad Tughluq's son, Firuz Shah Tughlaq . In 1397, Multan was besieged by Tamerlane 's grandson Pir Muhammad . Pir Muhammad's forces captured the city in 1398 following the conclusion of the 6-month-long siege. Khizr Khan the governor of Multan allied with Amir Timur. Timur captured Lahore and gave its control to Khizr khan as reward for his support. Also in 1398,

749-540: A chance of settling old scores with the ingrate Khajjaks. The upshot was, after the Khajjaks, as it has been said, had been at a first inclined to pay up, they now refused to do so, and being able to muster 700 fighting men they defied the authorities. A force was asked for by the Political Agent to coerce them.At this time, there was a British force of some 6000 men encamped at and around Bhag Nari, but, despising

856-590: A decisive defeat. Delhi Sultan Alauddin Khalji dispatched his brother Ulugh Khan in 1296 to conquer Multan region which was governed by surviving family members of his predecessor. (Sultan Jalal-ud-din Khalji ) After usurping the throne of Delhi, Alauddin decided to eliminate the surviving family members of Jalaluddin, who were present in Multan. In November 1296, he sent a 30,000–40,000 strong army led by Ulugh Khan and Zafar Khan to Multan who successfully captured

963-711: A family dispute. In September 1876 the whole of the Barozai headmen of Sibi' and the Sardar himself wrote to Major Sandeman, asking that the election might be recognized. The petition was referred, through the Kandhar authorities, to the Amir for the orders - Sibi being a dependency of Kabul. Thus three Kabul officials (Pasto Khan, Mir Akber, Sardar Ghulam Muhiue-Din) with the consent of "all the Pannis" presented Nawab Muhammad Khan with

1070-521: A fight Historical consequences of this fight are stated to be quite damaging to the interests of the Afghans of the region because the powerful tribe of the Khajjaks had always acted as a psychological, if not physical, bulwark against the Marri depredations in Sibi and Dhadar plains. Misri Khan, who tendered his services to Shah Shujah Durrani and was taken into British pay. In 1841, as already described in

1177-427: A great centre of spirituality in entire South Asia and earning the city the sobriquet "City of Saints." The city, along with the nearby city of Uch , is renowned for its large number of Sufi shrines dating from that era. The origin of Multan's name is unclear. An ancient known name of the city was Malli-istan ; Malli was the name of a tribe that inhabited the region and city. The city name may have been derived from

SECTION 10

#1732766250234

1284-601: A high character for bravery. Their lands are watered by tributary streams of the Nari.” The power of the Khajjaks was thus weakened, and shortly afterwards the Marris acquired a footing in the Sibi District. They dispossessed the Pannis of Badra and Quat Mandi . There are several battles such as that of Jangjah (near Nari Gorge) in which they attacked and brutally murdered other Pannis who were unarmed and were busy in clearing

1391-646: A hundred and twenty thousand towns and villages". By the mid 10th century, Multan had come under the influence of the Qarmatian Ismailis. The Qarmatians had been expelled from Egypt and Iraq following their defeat at the hands of the Abbasids there. Qarmatians zealots had famously sacked Mecca , and outraged the Muslim world with their theft and ransom of the Kaaba 's Black Stone , and desecration of

1498-406: A market for Livestock trade with passage of time adopted as cultural show, tent pegging, departmental exhibitions, musical show and sports festivals. Sibi Mela is celebrated every February The District of Sibi was established in 1903 during British Rule its area was larger than the current district and lay between 27°55' and 30°38'N and 67°17' and 69°50'E lying south of Loralai District, north of

1605-527: A most populous part of the city. The Hindu temple was noted to have accrued the Muslim rulers large tax revenues, by some accounts up to 30% of the state's revenues. During this time, the city's Arabic nickname was Faraj Bayt al-Dhahab , ("Frontier House of Gold"), reflecting the importance of the temple to the city's economy. The 10th century Arab historian Al-Masudi noted Multan as the city where Central Asian caravans from Islamic Khorasan would assemble. The 10th century Persian geographer Estakhri visited

1712-556: A population of 963,941, which includes 506,028 males and 457,852 females. Sibi division constitutes 5,953 Hindus, 956,124 Muslims,1,456 Christians followed by 289 scheduled castes and 119 others. Languages among the urban population of Sibi Tehsil (2017 Census) At the time of the 2017 census, 38.18% of the population spoke Balochi, 25.33% Sindhi, 17.82% Saraiki, 11.02% Pashto, 3.39% Brahui, 2.27% Punjabi and 1.73% Urdu as their first language. The famous Sibi Mela first held in January 1885

1819-527: A result of this battle' Sardar Haider Khan Dumar, having been hit in the leg, became lame and could not walk properly for the rest of his life" Nawab Ismail khan Barozai Panni must have been a famous and popular ruler because the well-known and often quoted saying "Bani to Bani-Nahin to Daud Khan Panni" attributed to Daud Khan Panni of all-India fame is frequently amended by the local Barozais so as to declare that "Bani to Bani-Nahin to Ismail Khan Panni". Nawab Ismail Khan Panni died about 1762 A.D and lies buried in

1926-485: A road between Lahore and Multan to connect Multan to his massive Grand Trunk Road project. Sher Shah Suri also built (or renovated) Delhi-Multan road , the ancient trade route had existed since the time of King Ashoka or earlier. To improve transit in the areas between Delhi and Multan, leading to Kandahar and Herat in Afghanistan, eventually to Mashhad capital of Khorasan province of Iran. It then served as

2033-584: A time when latter's forces were about to cross the Indus River in Dera Ghazi Khan area. As a result of his arrival Khan of Kalat was detained near the ford for some days so that he could organize a reception (feast) on the river bank in the honour of the Khan of Panni Afghans. This family needed no introduction, says Qazi, because they had produced about 13 generations of ruling Khans. The Khan(Nawab) of

2140-537: A time when the city became known as Dar al- Aman ( "Abode of Peace" ). During the Mughal era, Multan was an important centre of agricultural production and manufacturing of cotton textiles. Multan was a centre for currency minting, as well as tile-making during the Mughal era. Multan was also host to the offices of many commercial enterprises during the Mughal era, even in times when the Mughals were in control of

2247-477: A tomb, still intact, situated about two furlongs southeast of the remote but historic Panni village of Sangan, Pakistan . According to Mulla Fazil, on the death of his father, Isa Khan Panni wrote a letter to Ahmad Shah Abdali informing him of the demise of late Nawab Ismail Khan Panni. Ahmad Shah replied to the letter offering condolences and also conferring the title of Bakhtiar Khan on Isa Khan Panni. Two years after Isa Khan/Bakhtiar Khan (3rd) Panni of Sangan became

SECTION 20

#1732766250234

2354-485: Is believed to have been originally built to be the tomb of Ghiyath ad-Din, but was later donated to the descendants of Rukn-e-Alam after Ghiyath became Emperor of Delhi. The renowned Arab explorer Ibn Battuta visited Multan in the 1300s during the reign of Muhammad Tughluq, and noted that Multan was a trading centre for horses imported from as far away as the Russian Steppe . Multan had also been noted to be

2461-576: Is believed to have been the Malli capital that was conquered by Alexander the Great in 326 BCE as part of the Mallian Campaign . The Mallian people , together with nearby tribes, gathered an army of 90,000 personnel to fight against an army of 50,000 Greeks. This was the largest army faced by Greeks in the entire subcontinent. During the siege of the city's citadel, Alexander reputedly leaped into

2568-608: Is connected to Quetta via the Bolan Pass and Nari pass through Harnai. Bolan Pass depicted on a 1910 advertisement card for Liebig Meat Extract Company. Until the end of the 15th century the district had been a dependency of Multan and had been part of Ghaznavid Empire ruled by a petty chief named Nasiruddin Kubacha . Around 1500 it was taken by Shah Beg of the Arghun dynasty from Samma dynasty of Sindh and so came under

2675-635: Is regarded as a saint by both Sufis and Sikhs , was born in Uch, Multan province. In the second half of the 17th century, Multan's commercial fortunes were adversely affected by silting and shifting of the nearby river, which denied traders vital trade access to the Arabian Sea . Multan witnessed difficult times as the Mughal Empire waned in power following the death of Emperor Aurangzeb in 1707. Under Mughal rule, Multan enjoyed 200 years of peace in

2782-534: Is stated to have been fought about three miles to the west of the Kurak village near a bridge (on a canal) commonly known as the bridge of the earcasses. In order to cut off the escape route and to take possession of the defenseless village at the time of victory, Fateh Khan Bahramzai had earlier divided his force into two parties. One of it was to lie in ambush at some distance, in a dry irrigation channel, running east of Kurak village. The other party, composed of horsemen,

2889-592: The Delhi Sultanate . Earlier he spent his time in Multan and fought 28 battles against Mongols from there and saved the regions from advances of Mongols. He wrote in the jamia Masjid of Multan that he had fought 28 battles against Mongols and had survived, people gave him the title Ghazi ul Mulk. Ghiyath al din's son Muhammad bin Tughlaq was born in Multan. After Ghiyath's death he became the Sultan and ascended

2996-613: The Langah Sultanate. Multan province was one of the significant provinces of the Mughal Empire . In 1848, it was conquered by the British from Sikh Empire and became part of British Punjab . The city was among the most important trading centres and a great centre of knowledge and learning in the medieval Islamic Indian subcontinent, and attracted a multitude of Sufi mystics in the 11th and 12th centuries, becoming

3103-584: The Turkic king Iltutmish , the third Sultan of the Mamluk dynasty, captured and then annexed Multan in an expedition. The Punjabi poet Baba Farid was born in the village of Khatwal near Multan in the 1200s. Qarlughids attempted to invade Multan in 1236, while the Mongols tried to capture the city in 1241 after capturing Lahore – though they were repulsed. The Mongols under Sali Noyan then successfully held

3210-656: The "Marri Aur Khajjak Ka Zulm aur Zore." Translated it means "high-handedness of the Marris and the Khajjaks." Situation in Siwi and Sangan further worsened for Afghans because of the misrule of the then rulers of Afghanistan, the Mohammadzai Sardars, who had ousted Sadozai from the dominant position but were themselves not prepared to do any thing to maintain law and order in the Siwi-Quetta Region. In 1879, Through Treaty of Gandamak jurisdiction over

3317-562: The 1300s during the reign of Muhammad Tughluq, and noted that Multan was a trading centre for horses imported from as far away as the Russian Steppe . Multan had also been noted to be a centre for slave-trade, though slavery was banned in the late 1300s by Muhammad Tughluq's son, Firuz Shah Tughlaq . The extent of Multan's influence is also reflected in the construction of the Multani Caravanserai in Baku , Azerbaijan — which

Sibi - Misplaced Pages Continue

3424-552: The 17th engagement at a spot called Pir Lekhan, neither sides emerged victorious but Mir Ahmad himself, and his Minister, Akhund Mohammad Saleh, were both wounded and Mir Shawaz and Mir Ibrahim, the latter an ancestor of the Nausherwani Sardar Mir Azad Khan, lost their lives. The Brahuis left the battlefield; the Pannis collected the booty, consisting of silken belts and horses of Turki and Tazi breed. Mir Ahmad Qambrani's sister named Bibo gallantly attacked

3531-494: The 1901 census of India was 74,555 or 18 persons per square mile, the district contained four tehsils these were: Tahsil Area (sq mi) Population Kohlu 362 1,743 Sibi 1,343 20,526 Shahrig 1,595 16,573 Naseerabad 852 33,713 Total 4,152 74,555 In 1974 the district was subdivided to create Naseerabad and Kohlu districts, in 1983 Dera Bugti District, and in 1986 Ziarat District. Until 2000, except for Naseerabad, these new districts were part of Sibi Division of Pakistan. In 2000

3638-746: The 19th century. Following the conquest of Upper Sindh by the Mughal Emperor Akbar , Multan was attacked and captured by Akbar's army under the command of Bairam Khan in 1557, thereby re-establishing Mughal rule in Multan. The Mughals controlled the Multani region from 1524 until around 1739. Emperor Akbar established province of Multan at Multan city, which was one of his original twelve subahs (imperial top-level administrative provinces) roughly covering southern Punjab, parts of Khyber and Balochistan bordering Kabul Subah , Lahore Subah , Ajmer Subah , Thatta Subah , Kandahar subah and

3745-589: The Afghan owners of lands and water, as stated by Qazi Abdul Haleem, Khajjaks and some of the Pannis violated the oath on Quran immediately after they had taken it, and murdered the Baruzai Khan. Habib Khan had three sons Shakar Khan( nominal Chief ), Misri khan ( defacto Chief), Bakhtiar khan . During this period Khajjak Barozai differences forced Misri Khan Barozai to lead the British forces to Siwi and surround Khajjaks in their village which act eventually, led to

3852-612: The Arghun dynasty, who were either ethnic Mongols, or of Turkic or Turco-Mongol extraction. In 1541, the Pashtun king Sher Shah Suri captured Multan, and successfully defended the city from the advances of the Mughal Emperor Humayun . In 1543, Sher Shah Suri expelled Baloch dynasty , who under the command of Fateh Khan Mirrani had overrun the city. Following its recapture, Sher Shah Suri ordered construction of

3959-478: The District of Sibi - Government of Pakistan Archived 2012-08-05 at archive.today The tribal Baluchistan by Syed Abdul Quddus page 49 "Sindh". www.docstoc.com. Archived from the original on 2011-03-10. "PakistanPaedia - Cities of Pakistan (Sibi)". pakistanpaedia.com. "Being private in public -DAWN Magazine; May 06, 2007". Archived from the original on 2007-08-03. Retrieved 2010-03-26. . In early 18th century

4066-707: The Druze religion, which today survives in Lebanon, Syria , and the Golan Heights. Following Mahmud's death in 1030, Multan regained its independence from the Ghaznavid empire and came under the sway of Ismaili rule once again. Shah Gardez , who came to Multan in 1088, is said to have contributed in the restoration of the city. By the early 1100s, Multan was described by the Arab geographer Muhammad al-Idrisi as being

4173-587: The Khwarazmian Empire, whose origins were rooted in Konye-Urgench in modern-day Turkmenistan. Uch and Sindh were also in control of Qabacha. Qabacha also captured Lahore many times and ruled all these regions. He repulsed a 40-day siege imposed on Multan city by Mongol forces who attempted to conquer the city. He gathered a large army from Uch, Multan and Bukkhar (Sukkur) and Mongols were repulsed. Following Qabacha's death that same year,

4280-566: The Korram and Pishin valleys, the Sibi district, and the Khybar Pass were transferred to the British. In 1974 the district was subdivided to create Naseerabad and Kohlu districts, in 1983 Dera Bugti District, and in 1986 Ziarat District. Until 2000 and after 2000, Tehsil Harnai of Sibi District became a new District named Harnai District. Sibi District currently comprises two Tehsils, Sibi and Lehri. According to 2017 census, Sibi division had

4387-669: The Mughal forces led by Prince Muhammad Muizudin the Subahdar of Multan. Nawab Bakhtiar khan, along with 400-500 Machi ( Jamote People) , 30 Silachi Tareens and many pannis; was killed. The government over Sibi and Dhadar territory was handed over to Kalhoras of Sindh by the Mughals. During this period Rahim Parang and Doulat Khan Barozai revolted but the insurrection was crushed. Again Rahim, Yusuf and other Afghans revolted and succeeded in recapturing Sibi and Dhadar from Kalhoras on 25.2.1708. Kalhoras once again attacked SIWI and Dhadar and fought

Sibi - Misplaced Pages Continue

4494-555: The North-west Frontier Province Volume II (1887-1888) page 940 we have following account of the tribe:- "Khajjak- a tribe of Pathans. They are a large and powerful clan under the leadership of Lashkar Khan and are usually at enmity with Baruzais. They are said to number from 800 to 900 fighting men and own one fort which contains 300 fighting men. Though agriculture is their chief employment and though they are peacefully inclined they are said to have

4601-497: The Pannis attired in male garments she fought valiantly and got killed at the hands of Jalal Khan Panni. In 1695, the Khan of Kalat received the intelligence about absence of Mirza Khan from Sibi. He planned a well thought-out attack on Sibi. Skirting Sibi and Dhadar he reached unnoticed above the Silachi village of Talli, and thus caught Rahim Khan Pirani (commander of Pannis of Sibi) unprepared. The latter, shocked and surprised, faced

4708-654: The Pannis came with a force made up of one thousand brave fighters. After the reception was over both the Brahvi as well as the Afghan forces crossed the Indus River in boats. While marching on the other side of Indus River the two Khans indulged themselves in game-hunting till they reached Sahiwal which is a tract of land enclosed by the Jhelum and the Chenab Rivers- says Qazi. There the Khan of Kalat having received express summonses from Ahmad Shah Abdali left in haste to meet

4815-509: The Persian Safavid empire . It was one of Mughal Empire's largest provinces by land area and population. In 1627, Multan was encircled by walls that were built on the order of Murad Baksh , son of Shah Jahan . Upon his return from an expedition to Balkh in 1648, the future emperor Aurangzeb was appointed Governor of provinces of Multan and Sindh – a post he held until 1652. In 1680, the renowned Punjabi poet, Bulleh Shah , who

4922-619: The Qambranis on the Luni irrigation channel. For lack of infinitive and timely decision on the part of Rahim Khan, Pannis lost the battle. Nawab Mirza Khan learnt about this debacle in Shikarpur. He rushed to Sibi, organized the disheartened Pannis into a fighting contingent and headed for Kalat. The Khan of Kalat gathered his force in the fort of Kalat. After a few skirmishes both sides thought it prudent to negotiate terms. Peace prevailed between

5029-463: The Sangan Fort and started firing at the garrison. This continued for quite sometime. Becoming impatient Kahlil Khan shouted at Rashid Khan "why not go out of the fort and fight the enemy in the open". This suggestion was immediately accepted and Pannis rushed out to give battle to Dumar in the open fields. After a severe engagement and lot of massacre Dumars forces broke and ran. It is said that as

5136-466: The Sangan fort with a considerable force. At that time Rashid Khan son of Nawwab Ismail Khan Panni happened to be present in the Sangan Fort. He immediately shifted inside, the Afghan nomads, who were camping outside the walls of the fort and ordered the trees, around the Sangan fort to be cut down in order to eliminate the chances of enemy taking shelter behind these trees. Soon after Dumar forces surrounded

5243-738: The Sunni creed. He destroyed the Ismaili congregational mosque that had been built above the ruins of the Multan Sun Temple, and restored the city's old Sunni congregational mosque, built by Muhammad bin Qasim . The 11th century scholar Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi reported that the Ismaili community was still living in the city. Following the Ghaznavid invasion of Multan, the local Ismaili community split, with one faction aligning themselves with

5350-494: The Upper Sind Frontier District, west of Dera Ghazi Khan District and east of Kachhi, Bolan Pass and Quetta- Pishin. The total area of the district was 11,281 square miles (29,220 km2), but this included Marri Bugti county (7,129 square miles) which not directly administered by the British, leaving 4,152 square miles (10,750 km2) that were directly administered by the British [8] The population according to

5457-907: The Zamzam Well with corpses during the Hajj season of 930 CE. The governor of Jhang, Umar bin Hafas, was a clandestine supporter of the Fatimid movement and the Batiniya influence spread in Southern Punjab. Then, the Qarmatians who had established contacts with the Fatimids in Egypt set up an independent dynasty in Multan and ruled the surrounding areas. They wrested control of the city from

SECTION 50

#1732766250234

5564-526: The area. At the time Mansura( the capital of Sindh) along with Multan were the only two major Arab principalities in South Asia. Arabic was spoken in both cities, though the inhabitants of Multan were reported by Estakhri to also have been speakers of Persian, reflecting the importance of trade with Khorasan. Polyglossia rendered Multani merchants culturally well-suited for trade with the Islamic world. The 10th century Hudud al-'Alam notes that Multan's rulers were also in control of Lahore , though that city

5671-407: The bank of river Chenab . It is one of the five largest urban centres of Pakistan in 2024 and is the administrative centre of Multan Division . It is a major cultural, religious and economic centre of Punjab region, Multan is one of the oldest cities of Asia with a history stretching deep into antiquity. Multan was part of the Achaemenid Empire of Iran in the early 6th century BC. The ancient city

5778-400: The belt of service on my waist and put on the cap of companionship for another five years. I imparted lustre to the water of Multan from the ocean of my wits and pleasantries. In the 1320s Multan was conquered by Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq , he was made the governor of Multan and South Punjab, Sindh regions and of Depalpur. He was the founder of the Turkic Tughluq dynasty , the third dynasty of

5885-433: The centuries. In the mid-5th century CE, the city was attacked by White Huns , a group of Barbarian Hephthalite nomads led by Toramana . After a fierce fight they conquered Multan, but did not stay long. By the mid 7th century CE, Multan was conquered by Chach of Alor , of the Hindu Rai dynasty . Chach appointed a thakur to govern from Multan, and used his army to settle boundary disputes with Kashmir . Multan

5992-419: The city after two months of siege. Amir Khusrau , the famous Indo-Persian Sufi singer, musician, poet and scholar visited Multan on the invitation of Khan Muhammad. Multan at the time was the gateway to India and was a center of knowledge and learning. Caravans of scholars, tradesmen and emissaries transited through Multan from Baghdad , Arabia and Persia on their way to Delhi. Khusrau wrote that: I tied

6099-400: The city at the invitation of Shah Husayn. The Sultanate's borders stretched encompassed the neighbouring regions surrounding the cities of Chiniot and Shorkot, including present day Faisalabad . Shah Husayn successfully repulsed attempted invasion by the Delhi Sultans led by Tatar Khan and Barbak Shah. Multan's Langah Sultanate came to an end in 1525 when the city was invaded by rulers of

6206-507: The city to ransom in 1245–6, before being recaptured by Sultan Ghiyas ud din Balban , the ninth Mamluk Sultan. Multan then fell to the Qarlughids in 1249, but was captured by Sher Khan that same year. Multan was then conquered by Izz al-Din Balban Kashlu Khan in 1254, before he rebelled against Sultan Ghiyas ud din Balban in 1257 and fled to Iraq where he joined Mongol forces and captured Multan again, and dismantled its city walls. The Mongols again attempted an invasion in 1279, but were dealt

6313-462: The city's Subjects remained mostly non-Muslim for the next few decades under the Umayyad Caliphate. By the mid-800s, the Banu Munabbih (855–959) also known as the Banu Sama , who claimed descent from Muhammad 's Quraysh tribe came to rule Multan, and established the Emirate of Banu Munabbih, which ruled for the next century. During this era, the Multan Sun Temple was noted by the 10th century Arab geographer Al-Muqaddasi to have been located in

6420-413: The control of Kandahar . The remainder of Arghuns in Sibi were defeated by Panni (Pashtun tribe) of Sangan and kut mundai, thus the Pannis conquered Sibi and Dhadar plains. Pannis of Sibi and Dhadar under their chiefs Malik Yahya Mizri & Jangi khan panni defeated the Mughal forces twice but surrendered the Sibi Fort after a third valiant resistance. Thus the territory came under Mughal rule. During

6527-422: The country came under Khan of Kalat rule.Sibi District - Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 22, p. 338. "Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 22, page 336 -- Imperial Gazetteer of India -- Digital South Asia Library". dsal.uchicago.edu. Sibi City Multan Multan ( Saraiki / Urdu : مُلْتَان ; local pronunciation: [mɵlˈtäːnᵊ] ) is a city in Punjab , Pakistan, located on

SECTION 60

#1732766250234

6634-400: The cultivation around laid waste. Subsequent to this attack upon the Khajjak town, and the strength of that Branch of the Pannis had been broken, the Marri Balochis acquired a footing in the Siwi district, dispossessed the Parni of Bhaderah, Kwat, and Mandahi” English writer Eastwick had quoted Khajjaks as “the bravest of the people inhabiting the plains (Sibi) “ In Mac Gregor's Gazetteer of

6741-436: The death of his favourite son and by others to the effect of poison”. Nawab Bakhtiar Khan was succeeded by his nephew Sher Zaman Khan who died in 1876. Nawab Muhammad Khan Barozai - was elected chief of Sibi in the summer of 1876 on the death of his brother Sher Zaman Khan, the only dissentient voice being that of his cousin Sardar Sarbuland Khan who without any right to the chieftainship opposed his election in prosecution of

6848-431: The deity of ancient Multan Sun Temple . Some have suggested the name derives from the Old Persian word mulastāna, 'frontier land', while others have ascribed its origin to the Sanskrit word mūlasthāna , The region around Multan is home to several archaeological sites dating to the Early Harappan period of the Indus Valley civilization between 3000 BC until 2800 BC. According to the Hindu religious texts, Multan

6955-494: The elder Tamerlane and Multan's Governor Khizr Khan together sacked Delhi. The sack of Delhi lead to major disruptions of the Sultanate's central governing structure. Khizr Khan ruled the subcontinent on the name of Timur. In 1414, Multan's Khizr Khan captured Delhi from Daulat Khan Lodi , and established the short-lived Sayyid dynasty — the fourth dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate . A contemporary writer Yahya Sirhindi mentions in his Takhrikh-i-Mubarak Shahi that Khizr Khan

7062-591: The enemy as usual, a small force of about one tenth of that number, about 600 men in all, including apparently a detachment of horse artillery, was despatched against the Kajzak town, under the command of Colonel Wilson of the bombay Cavalry. The Khajjaks, nothing daunted at the approach of the troops, refused the terms offered them, and an attack was determined upon. The Khajzaks threw open the gate of their walled town, but which walls had fallen down in several places, and defended themselves bravely, cutting down all who attempted to enter. Twice our troops were driven back, and

7169-466: The ensuing clash Haji received a severe beating whereas several of his party were killed and all their belongings plundered. Approximately between 1825 - 1826 A.D. Habib Khan's brother Saadullah Khan Baruzai also came to be murdered by the Khajjaks at the shrine of famous saint Akhund Sahib (Mulla Mali) of the Safi tribe during the course of afternoon prayers. Immediately before the prayers a tribal jirga had decided that there will no more be bloodshed amongst

7276-464: The even more coveted city of Kandahar , given the unstable political situation resulting from frequent contestation of Kandadar with the Persian Safavid Empire . Nader Shah conquered the region as part of his invasion of the Mughal Empire in 1739. Despite invasion, Multan remained northwest India's premier commercial centre throughout most of the 18th century. Yar Muhammad Kalhoro Mian Yar Muhammad Kalhoro ( Sindhi : يار محمد ڪلهوڙو )

7383-447: The forces of Mohammad Khan Panni and then(perhaps after the death of Ahmed Shah Abdali) by the Marri tribe encouraged and practically assisted by Mir Nasir Khan I . A story is still current that an emissary belonging to Sumarani Marri subsection had been sent to the Khan of Kalat to ask for help. When in durbar he killed a dangerous snake and thus earned the good will of the chief. This, among other things, led to Khan furnishing an army for

7490-552: The form of a poem. All this information has been obtained from Kalhora sources like Manshurul-Wassiat & Guldasta-e-Nouras Bähär. In 1714 Yar Muhammad Kalhoro with the title of Khuda Yar Khan acquired SIWI and Dhadar from Mughals. He was succeeded by Noor Mohammad Kalhoro also known as Khuda Yar Khan who in 1730 A.D. fought Battle of Kachhi and killed Abdullah Khan Brahvi the then Khan of Kalat somewhere near Lehri village. After Nader Shah's invasion of India , Dhadar and Kachhi (excluding Sibi plains & Sangan) were handed over to

7597-406: The government of Sibi territory to Isa Khan Durrani Panni ( Nawab Ismail khans son) and the government of the forts of Barah-Kam( Barkhan ) and Khetran and Hasni to Mohammad Khan Durrani Panni (Nawab Ismail khans brother). But now I award the government of the above-mentioned Mahals to be held by Umdatul-Khawanin (the best of the Khans) Ismail Khan Durrani Panni, Isa Khan and Mohammad Khan jointly. All

7704-524: The inner area of the citadel, where he faced the Mallian leader. Alexander was wounded by an arrow that had penetrated his lung, leaving him severely injured. After a fierce battle at the site of 'Khooni Burj' the Mallian army eventually surrendered, preventing further bloodshed. During Alexander's era, Multan was located on an island in the Ravi river , which has since shifted course numerous times throughout

7811-478: The latter. Around the end of rule of Sadozais and beginning of rule of Barakzais , unity and faith among Panni confederacy of Sibi and Sangan broke apart and bitter civil war started. About 1813 A.D. Ahmad Yar Khan son of Behram Khan, Sarfraz Khan son of Mir Mustafa Khan and Mai Zenab daughter of Mir Nasir Khan I are granted political asylum by Khajjak chief Sardar Meer Khan.Sometime after 1813 A.D. Khajjak Panni Afghan chief named Meer Khan attacks & destroys

7918-512: The limits prescribed by me. State functionaries should also enforce above mentioned orders" Other important fact which these letters bring to light is that, until the winters of 1758 A.D., Marri tribe had not as yet occupied Kahan and Kohlu areas - both of which tracts were still in the possession of the Hasni and Zarkun Afghans. It is sometime after the winter of 1758 that Khetran, Hasni and Zarkun Afghans were attacked and considerably weakened twice by

8025-705: The main irrigation canal. This was very unfortunate because it is stated to have happened in violation of a Quranic oath which the Khajjaks had taken earlier at the Safi's Mosque situated near the shrine of Akhund Sahib north of Kurak village. In this battle twenty one Pannis were killed and many more wounded. Tradition says that Misri Khan Barozai once led a defending force composed of the Panni tribesmen then living in Kurak village, during an attack against that village by another force led by Fateh Khan Behramzai ( Khajjak ). This battle

8132-453: The poor law and order situation in the then southern Afghanistan during the twenty year's rule of Taimur Shah son of Ahmad Shah Abdali which lasted from 1772 to 1793 A.D. In the possession of Nawab Ghous Bakhsh Barozai present dejure head of Siwi Afghans,' there is a sunnud/letter of Ahmed Shah Abdali which is dated 28th Rabiul Awwal 1172 A.H (1758) and reads as recorded below : " Before this I had, through separate written orders, awarded

8239-579: The possession of the town of Shikarpur it was also, once again, handed over to the Afghans of Siwi. But unfortunately Panni Afghan forces of Nawwab Ismail Khan indulged in unworthy conduct of plundering the local populace in Sindh. As a result of this differences arose between the Panni Nawwab and Mohammad Beg Shamlu- the royal ambassador in Sindh. This confrontation resulted in Sind province again reverting to

8346-672: The pro-Abbasid Amirate of Banu Munabbih, and established the Emirate of Multan, while pledging allegiance to the Ismaili Fatimid Dynasty based in Cairo. During this period, Uch and Multan remained a central pilgrimage site for Vaishnavite and Surya devotees, and their admixture with Isma’īlīsm created the Satpanth tradition. Hence, the beginning of the eleventh century witnessed a sacral and political diversity in Uch that

8453-585: The refugee sons of Khan Kalat by Nadir Shah as compensation for the blood of Khan Abdullah Khan. During the rule of the Ahmad Shah Durrani , Panni chief Nawab Ismail Khan Barozai was handed the administration of Sibi and adjoining areas. On the death in 1753 of Mir Nur Mohammad Kalhora, Ahmad Shah Abdali made the Panni Nawab a royal representative in the newly acquired Sind Province. To quell the running dispute between Kalhoras and Daudpotras about

8560-409: The result was a very serious repulse, and the loss of fifty three men killed and wounded, and four officers, while the defendants lost forty-five men killed, besides three of their headmen, and ninety-three men and three chiefs wounded. The small force thus beaten off had to content itself with closely investing the place, as they imagined, until reinforcements should arrive from Bhag. Now, a European and

8667-454: The rule of Aurangzeb , Junaid khan Barozai, head of Panni (Pashtun tribe) of Sibi was granted authority over Sibi & Kachhi area and was titled ‘Bakhtiar Khan’, he was succeeded by his son Mirza khan, who was officially declared a Nawab by Aurangzeb and also given administration over Shikarpur, Sindh . Nawab Mirza khan Barozai lead the Pannis successfully in initial 16 out of 18 battles fought against Khan of Kalat of Mir Ahmad Khan, during

8774-457: The rule of Kalhoras. The town of Shikarpur, however, continued under the rule of the Pannis of Siwi for some more time. The town, as well as the whole areas, benefited from this arrangement greatly because a brisk trade between Sindh and Siwi-Ouetta-Pishin Region on the one hand and Afghanistan and Central Asian cities on the other sprang up. This trade was, after-wards, interrupted partly because of

8881-624: The ruler of the Confederacy he, in 1764, was summoned by the Shah and, therefore, took out a force to assist him in a fight against Sikhs in Punjab. On page 60/70 of 'Jang Nama' of Qazi Nur Mohammad Kalhora we find a heading as follows : "WHEN BAKHTIAR KHAN PANNI'S FORCES JOINED THAT OF THE KHAN” According to Qazi's narrative Bakhtiar Khan(the Third) came over and joined Mir Nasir Khan of Kalat at

8988-595: The section on History, the town of Khajjaks was occupied by British troops and dismantled. British-Khajjak battle is reported, on page 638 of Raverty's 'Notes' in the following words:- "Early in March 1841 Mr. Ross Bell, then Political Agent in Upper Sind called upon the inhabitants of the Siwi district, as well as others, and including the Khajjaks, to pay up the arrears of revenue due by them to their sovereign's treasury( Emirate of Afghanistan ), and one of his Assistants

9095-579: The starting point for trade caravans from medieval India departing towards West Asia. Multan served as medieval Islamic India's trans-regional mercantile centre for trade with the Islamic world. It rose as an important trading and mercantile centre in the setting of political stability offered by the Delhi Sultanate, the Lodis, and Mughals. The renowned Arab explorer Ibn Battuta visited Multan in

9202-512: The support of Marris against Hasnis."When Mir Nasir Khan I rebelled against the Shah the news spread like wild-fire. Among other things he instigated Dumar Afghans to attack and plunder the Panni headquarters of Sangan village. For this purpose he tampered with the loyalty of Sardar Haider Khan Dumar regardless of the fact that the latter was one of the most trustworthy friends of the Baruzais. Sardar Haider Khan, one fine morning, appeared before

9309-658: The third-tier "divisions" structure of government was dissolved. Two further new districts were cleaved out of its territory: Harnai in 2007 and Lehri in 2013. Lehri was reannexed into Sibi in 2018. Sibi has globally recorded high temperatures, especially in the month of June with an average of 45 °C in the afternoon. Precipitation is light and mainly falls in two distinct periods: early spring in March and April, and during monsoon season in July–September. "District Wise Results / Tables (Census - 2017)". www.pbscensus.gov.pk. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Tehsils & Unions in

9416-502: The three will perform social, military and revenue functions in respect of these areas jointly and under the overall supervision of Ismail Khan because he is both aged, knowledgeable and experienced of all of them. To Ismail Khan, I entrust the whole range of matters connected with the punishment, patronage and administration of Panni tribe- so that he attends to his duties with care and gives good performance. Isa Khan, Mohammad Khan, zamindars, nobles and general Panni public should keep within

9523-593: The throne in Delhi. The countryside around Multan was recorded to have been devastated by excessively high taxes imposed during the reign of Ghiyath's son, Muhammad Tughluq . In 1328, the Governor of Multan, Kishlu Khan, rose in rebellion against Muhammad Tughluq, but was quickly defeated. The Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam was completed during the Tughluq era, and is considered to be the first Tughluq monument. The shrine

9630-479: The two confederacies, which was sealed by a happy marriage of Princes Mahnaz the daughter of Mir Ahmad Qambrani with Saeed Khan Barozai Panni, brother of Mirza Khan Barozai. It was agreed upon that Brahvis of Kalat would be allowed to graze their flocks in Kachhi plains. Nawab Mirza khan Barozai was succeeded by his son Nawab Bakhtiar khan (2nd), he fought the famous Mughal-Afghan battle of Uch in January 1702, against

9737-542: The village of the Afghan tribe of Marghzanis (Pannis) who consequently migrate to and take refugee with the Panni Afghan tribe of Dehpals. Khajjaks also deprive Marghzanis, of their share of water in the Nari river. However, Meer Khan is himself killed by a matchlock ball during the same fight. Khajjaks also quarrelled with Barozais, Lunis and Naudhani Tareens . About 1825 A.D. Baruzai chief of Sibi Nawab Habib Khan son of Nawab Ahmed Yar Khan s/o Nawab Mohammad khan Panni,

9844-604: Was a descendant of Muhammad . Multan then passed to the Langah , who established the Langah Sultanate in Multan under the rule of Budhan Khan, who assumed the title Mahmud Shah. The reign of Shah Husayn, grandson of Mahmud Shah, who ruled from 1469 to 1498 is considered to be most illustrious of the Langah Sultans. Multan experienced prosperity during this time, and a large number of Baloch settlers arrived in

9951-583: Was besieged by Alexander the Great during the Mallian Campaign . Later it was conquered by the Umayyad military commander Muhammad bin Qasim in 712 CE after the conquest of Sindh. In 9th century it became a separate state, Emirate of Multan ruled by the Arab rulers. The region came under the rule of the Ghaznavids and the Mamluk Sultanate in medieval period. In 1445, it became capital of

10058-538: Was both unique and precarious. The Qarmatian Ismailis opposed Hindu pilgrims worshipping the sun, and destroyed the Sun Temple and smashed its revered Aditya idol in the late 10th century. The Qarmatians built an Ismaili congregational mosque above the ruins to replace the city's Sunni congregational mosque that had been established by the city's early rulers. Mahmud of Ghazni in 1005 led an expedition against Multan's Qarmatian ruler Abul Fateh Daud . The city

10165-573: Was built in the 15th to house Multani merchants visiting the city. Legal records from the Uzbek city of Bukhara note that Multani merchants settled and owned land in the city in the late 1550s. Multan would remain an important trading centre until the city was ravaged by repeated invasions in the 18th and 19th centuries in the post-Mughal era. Many of Multan's merchants then migrated to Shikarpur in Sindh , and were found throughout Central Asia up until

10272-513: Was despatched for the purpose of collecting the money, accompanied by small detachment of troops, and Misri Khan, the Barozai, accompanied them. Whether the hostility existing between the Barozais and the Khajjaks and the base treatment of the former by the latter were known to the Political is very doubtful but, of course, the Barozai chief, as might have been expected, was only too glad to have

10379-436: Was first invaded by a Muslim army after the reign of the caliph Ali , in 664 CE, when Mohalib, an Arab general, occupied the city. The expedition, however, seems to have been directed towards exploration of the country as no attempt was apparently made to retain the conquest. After his conquest of Sindh, Muhammad ibn Qasim in 712 CE captured Multan from Raja Dahir following a two-month siege. Following ibn Qasim's conquest,

10486-750: Was founded by the sage Kashyapa. These texts also assert that Multan was the capital of the Trigarta Kingdom ruled by the Katoch dynasty during the Kurukshetra War that is central to the Hindu epic poem, the Mahabharata . The city was visited by Greek admiral Skylax , who passed through the area in 515 BCE. The city was also mentioned by the Greek historian Herodotus in 400 BC. Multan

10593-520: Was murdered by Khajjaks after notorious Haji Khan Kakar, then an agent of Mohammadzai Sardars of Kandhar had first been bribed by them. This incident took place during a Darbar held at Kurak village. According to Moulvi Abdul Haleem of Kurk the news of the murder of Habib Khan was carried by one of his Silachi servants to village Talli. As a result, a Silachi (Tarin Afghan) force rushed to the scene of murder where they found and attacked Haji Khan's party. In

10700-663: Was responsible for the construction of Jamia Mosque in Khudabad . His tomb is sited 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) west of Khudabad. Yar Muhammad and Deen Muhammad were sons of Mian Nasir Muhammad Kalhoro who was succeeded by his elder son, Deen Muhammad Kalhoro, in 1692. Later, Yar Muhammad Kalhoro became chieftain of the Kalhora clan after his brother was imprisoned and killed in Multan jail by Prince Muiz-ud-Din Muhammad ,

10807-402: Was said to have quarrelled. Communicated information to the political authorities after withdrawal of Political Agent from Kalat in 1973. Had a son named Akhtiar Khan who was reported to have been killed early in 1874 in a dispute with the Khajjaks. Bakhtiar Khan too Died in March 1874 and was succeeded by his nephew Mir Sher Zaman (Nawab shakar Khans son), his death attributed by some to grief on

10914-568: Was succeeded by his Brother Bakhtiar Khan, In the 'Brief Biographical Account of the Leading Sardars' on page 37 we have as follows:- "Bakhtiar Khan Baruzai, Chief of Sibi. Major Harrison wrote in 1871. His Highness (Khan Kalat) said, he believed, if he was killed Bakhtiar Khan Baruzai of Sibi would be put on the Khanate. Had nephews Akbar Khan, Surbaland Khan and Ismail Khan (sons of Misri Khan, Bakhtiar Khan's elder brother) with whom he

11021-491: Was surrendered, and Fateh Daud was permitted to retain control over the city with the condition that he adhere to Sunnism . In 1007, Mahmud led another expedition to Multan against his former minister and Hindu convert, Niwasa Khan, who had renounced Islam and attempted to establish control of the region in collusion with Abul Fateh Daud of Multan. In 1010, Mahmud led his third and punitive expedition against Daud to depose and imprison him, and suppressed Ismailism in favour of

11128-495: Was the subahdar of parts of Sindh , which he governed between 1701 and 1719. He was the first governor of the Kalhora dynasty and ruled for 18 years. In the initial nine years of his reign, Yar Muhammad expanded the territory under his dominion. The latter part of his rule was dedicated to solidifying his authority. He was given the title of Nawab by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb . Yar Muhammad Kalhoro

11235-814: Was then annexed to the Ghurid Sultanate , and became an administrative province of the Mamluk Dynasty — the first dynasty based in Delhi. Multan's Ismaili community rose up in an unsuccessful rebellion against the Ghaurids later in 1175. Following the death of the first Mumluk Sultan, Qutb al-Din Aibak in 1210, Multan came under the rule of Nasiruddin Qabacha , who in 1222, successfully repulsed an attempted invasion by Sultan Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu of

11342-521: Was then lost to the Hindu Shahi. During the 10th century, Multan's rulers resided at a camp outside of the city named Jandrawār , and would enter Multan once a week on the back of an elephant for Friday prayers. Multan became capital of Emirate of Multan in 855. Al Masudi of Baghdad who visited Indus valley in 915 A.D mentioned in his book "Meadows of Gold" that it is one of the strongest frontier places of Muslims and in its neighbourhood there are

11449-461: Was to attack the opponents from the western side of the village. This battle was fiercely contested for quite some time but, in the end resulted in a defeat for Khajjaks whose commander Fateh Khan was one of the many casualties. Misri Khan himself was fatally wounded in the battle, died three days later and was buried at the Kurak village Graveyard of the Martyrs'. He died between 1855 and 1860 A.D and

#233766