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28-595: Siebeneichen is a municipality in the district of Lauenburg , in Schleswig-Holstein , Germany . The town's name is identical in meaning with Sevenoaks in England. This article about a location in Herzogtum Lauenburg is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Lauenburg (district) The district's territory comprises most of the former Duchy's territory north of

56-598: A Prince Bishopric , whose ruler was sovereign and as such had a vote at the Imperial Diet . The Prince-Bishopric of Ratzeburg was the last state in Northern Germany remaining Catholic. After the 1550 death of its ruler Prince-Bishop Georg von Blumenthal , who feuded with Thomas Aderpul , the bishopric converted to Lutheranism in 1554. Though the town of Ratzeburg was part of the Ratzeburg diocese,

84-401: A principality in 1648. In 1619 Saxe-Lauenburg's capital was moved from Lauenburg upon Elbe to Ratzeburg and remained there since. The town was almost completely destroyed in 1693, when Christian V of Denmark reduced Ratzeburg to rubble by bombardment in his unsuccessful attempt to push through his succession to the dukedom against the prevailing House of Hanover . After this event Ratzeburg

112-467: Is a town in Schleswig-Holstein , Germany . It is surrounded by four lakes —the resulting isthmuses between the lakes form the access lanes to the town. Ratzeburg is the capital of the district Herzogtum Lauenburg . The town was founded in the 11th century as Racisburg. The name is traditionally derived from the local Wendish ruler, Prince Ratibor of the Polabians , who was nicknamed Ratse. In

140-622: Is characterised by numerous relatively small municipalities, which practise direct democracy and citizens' participation. The administration most often takes place via offices, which are often of a very manageable size. To that extent, the scope of the planned Schleswig-Holstein Administrative Structure Law will be quite significant: according to the draft of the Ministry of the Interior, a minimum size of 8000 inhabitants

168-463: Is the Ratzeburger See with an area of 16 km². The district Herzogtum Lauenburg is named after the medieval Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg , which was one of the remnants of the original Duchy of Saxony . The Duchy of Saxony was partitioned in a process started in 1269, nine years after in 1260 Albert II and John I had succeeded their father Albert I of Saxony . In 1269, 1272 and 1282,

196-745: The Duchy of Lauenburg District and neighbouring Mecklenburg, then part of the Soviet Zone of Occupation. Thus some eastern suburbs of Ratzeburg, such as Ziethen in Lauenburg , Mechow , Bäk and Römnitz became part of the district, while the Lauenburgian municipalities of Dechow , Groß and Klein Thurow (now component parts of Roggendorf ) as well as Lassahn (now a component part of Zarrentin am Schaalsee ) were ceded to Mecklenburg. The redeployment

224-582: The Land of Hadeln (the latter two now Lower Saxony) as the joint territory of the brothers, separate of Saxe-Wittenberg. Saxe-Lauenburg was also known simply as Lauenburg. While the territory of Saxe-Wittenberg changed drastically over the centuries, the Duchy of Lauenburg remained almost unchanged, until it lost its independence in 1689, when it was inherited by the Principality of Lüneburg . From 1815–1864 it

252-482: The Lion became the ruler of the town in 1143 and established a bishopric in 1154. He was also responsible for the construction of the late Romanesque Cathedral ( Dom ), built in typical north German 'red-brick' style. Henry also prompted the construction of the similar-looking Lübeck Cathedral and Brunswick Collegiate Church with his remains interred in the latter. Since 1180 part of Ratzeburg diocesan area formed

280-531: The administration of the district directly. Later, however, the Landrat took over the district administration again. The District President ( Kreispräsident ) is the chairman of the district council and is selected from its members. The president chairs the meetings of the council and represents the district, together with the landrat, abroad. Contrary to others in Schleswig-Holstein, this district

308-481: The brothers gradually divided their governing competences within the three territorially unconnected Saxon areas along the Elbe river (one called Land of Hadeln , another around Lauenburg upon Elbe and the third around Wittenberg upon Elbe), thus preparing a partition. After John I's resignation in 1282, Albert II ruled with his still minor nephews Albert III , Eric I and John II , who by 1296 definitely partitioned

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336-566: The capital also when the Duchy was downgraded to a district within Prussia. In 1937—by a territorial redeployment within the scope of the Greater Hamburg Act —the city of Geesthacht (formerly a part of Hamburg ), some Mecklenburgian exclaves, including Ratzeburg's Cathedral immunity district , and some Lübeckian exclaves within the district territory, were incorporated into the district. In May 1945 British forces captured

364-546: The coat of arms was discontinued, as then districts were not allowed to use coats of arms. Today the coat of arms is used by the district, displayed with a crown on top. From 1873–82 the Hereditary Land Marshal ( Erblandmarschall ) was responsible for administration of the district and the appointment of offices. The landrat (about in English: county commissioner ), as a Prussian official, dealt only with

392-731: The district lies on the Hamburg bacon-belt , while the eastern parts in the Lauenburg Lakes Nature Park with their abundance of water cater more to tourism and are largely focused on agriculture. The district belongs to Hamburg Metropolitan Region . (Populations as of 30 June 2005 in brackets) [REDACTED] Media related to Kreis Herzogtum Lauenburg at Wikimedia Commons 53°35′N 10°40′E  /  53.583°N 10.667°E  / 53.583; 10.667 Ratzeburg Ratzeburg ( German pronunciation: [ˈʁatsəbʊɐ̯k] ; Low German : Ratzborg )

420-1012: The district territory, which in September 1944 had been determined in the London Protocol to become part of the British Zone of Occupation. On 13 November 1945 the British general Colin Muir Barber and the Soviet general major Nikolay Grigoryevich Lyashchenko ( Russian : Николай Григорьевич Лященко ) signed the Barber-Lyashchenko Agreement  [ de ] (or the Gadebusch Agreement) in Gadebusch , redeploying some municipalities of

448-468: The duchy providing Saxe-Lauenburg for the brothers, and Saxe-Wittenberg for their uncle Albert II. The last document, mentioning the brothers and their uncle Albert II as Saxon fellow dukes dates back to 1295. A deed of 20 September 1296, circumscribing Saxe-Lauenburg, mentions the Vierlande (now Hamburg), Sadelbande (Land of Lauenburg), the Land of Ratzeburg, the Land of Darzing (later Amt Neuhaus), and

476-546: The major medieval trade routes. Salt from the salt-works south of the Elbe river was transported northward to Lübeck . The transport of salt was also the motive for constructing the oldest artificial waterway of Europe, the Stecknitz Canal (1398). It was replaced in 1900 by the Elbe-Lübeck Canal . The landscape is characterised by numerous lakes, forming the Lauenburg Lakes Nature Park . The largest lake

504-575: The national administration. After 1 October 1882 the Landrat became responsible also for local administration, free from state control. A change in government came about after the Second World War with the 1946 county statute issued by the British military government . The Landrat now temporarily functioned as an honorary head of the district council ( Kreistag ), which now dealt with

532-544: The realm offered the dukedom to the Prussian Hohenzollern dynasty in personal union, who accepted in 1865. On 1 July 1876 the Duchy of Lauenburg merged into the Kingdom of Prussia 's Province of Schleswig-Holstein , forming the still existing district Herzogtum Lauenburg (Duchy of Lauenburg) seated in Ratzeburg. The former cathedral immunity district, at last a part of Mecklenburg , finally became part of

560-583: The river Elbe , except of the Amt Neuhaus . All the former Saxe-Lauenburgian areas beyond the Elbe belong today to the Lower Saxon districts of Cuxhaven ( Land of Hadeln ), Harburg and Lüneburg . The district's area contains a number of historically important towns, e.g. Lauenburg/Elbe , Mölln and Ratzeburg . This importance was due to the Old Salt Route ( Alte Salzstraße ), one of

588-468: The town itself was not within the territory of the Prince-Bishopric of Ratzeburg, but formed a part of the old Duchy of Saxony and became part of its dynastic partition of Saxe-Lauenburg around 1296, remaining with this duchy under altering dynasties until 1876. The cathedral quarter again formed an immunity district ( Domfreiheit ; cf. also Liberty ) to the prince-bishopric, secularised as

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616-602: The town of Ratzeburg with the 1937 Greater Hamburg Act . From 1945 to 1989 the Iron Curtain ran just east of the town, putting it on the border with the German Democratic Republic . Ratzeburg is known for its Olympic champion Ratzeburg Rowing Club , which was responsible for training, among others, the gold medalists at the 1956 Olympic Games in Melbourne. The grave of Ernst Barlach , perhaps

644-406: The year 1044 Christian missionaries under the leadership of the monk Ansverus came into the region and built a monastery. It was destroyed in a pagan rebellion in 1066 ; the monks were stoned to death. Today monuments to the missionaries in two of the town's churches commemorate these events. Ansverus was canonised in the 12th century and his relics were entombed in the Ratzeburg cathedral. Henry

672-401: Was accomplished on 26 November, the respective occupational forces had until 28 November to withdraw to their respective new zonal territories. The coat of arms displays a white horse, the ancient symbol of the duchy of Saxony. The horse is surrounded by a black and white checked border, which represents the colours of Prussia . This is a modified version of the arms used when Saxe-Lauenburg

700-768: Was rebuilt in baroque style. The castle, however, was never reconstructed or built anew. Ratzeburg briefly was part of the First French Empire during the Napoleonic Wars , afterwards the Duchy of (Saxe-)Lauenburg was awarded in personal union to the Danish crown in the Congress of Vienna . After the Danish crown lost Lauenburg in the Second Schleswig War (1864), Lauenburg's estates of

728-552: Was ruled in personal union by the Duke of Holstein , being simultaneously King of Denmark . In 1864 it fell to Prussia after the Second Schleswig War . For a short period Lauenburg was still an autonomous entity, but in 1876 it was incorporated as a district into the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein. Lauenburg upon Elbe was the first capital and name-giving to the Duchy, before it moved in 1619 to Ratzeburg , which remained

756-578: Was ruled in personal union with the Danish monarchy, 1815-64. The former arms featured a golden horse's head on a red shield. The coat of arms was granted on 12 November 1866, after the Hohenzollern dynasty started to rule Saxe-Lauenburg in personal union with the Kingdom of Prussia . In 1876 the duchy was incorporated in a real union into Prussia, forming a district within the Prussian Province of Schleswig-Holstein . The usage of

784-462: Was to be implemented for Ämter and independent municipalities as a regional reorganisation due 1 April 2007. Thus, the existence of six of the eleven Ämter of the district is threatened. However, a minimum size for municipalities belonging to an Amt has not yet been officially determined. Until the deadline, the possibility for voluntary unions exists, which, according to the draft, may as well cross district boundaries. The economical emphasis of

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