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16-765: The Sierra Pelona Mountains lie northwest of the San Gabriel Mountains , which are divided by the wide Soledad Canyon formation. The mountains are flanked to the south by the Santa Clarita Valley and separated from the Antelope Valley and the Mojave Desert to the north by the San Andreas Fault . Toward the southeast lie Vasquez Rocks , thrust up by the fault. Toward the west lies Interstate 5 , Pyramid Lake , and

32-853: A southern route to the goldfields during the California Gold Rush . The route went through the San Fernando Valley , with a stop at Rancho Los Encinos . It proceeded over Fremont Pass out of the Valley, up San Francisquito Canyon and over San Francisquito Pass , to the Fort Tejon Pass , where it dropped to the San Joaquin Valley . The Butterfield route split off the Stockton - Los Angeles Road at Elkhorn Spring Station . From there it went west across

48-726: The Butterfield Overland Mail in route in Alta California until the Southern Pacific Railroad arrived in Yuma, Arizona in 1877. The route lasted from 1857 to 1861 and became one of the most important roads in the early settlement and development of California. The First Division's California route north from Los Angeles followed the Stockton - Los Angeles Road that was established as

64-846: The Colorado River from New Mexico Territory at present day Yuma, Arizona to Fort Yuma in California, then descended into Baja California Mexico for 129 miles (208 km) to avoid the Algodones Dunes sand barrier in the dry southern Colorado Desert . The Mexican route also provided stations with water in the Sonoran Desert , from the Colorado River's spring flooding into the Alamo River and New River . The route then reentered California to cross

80-776: The Los Padres National Forest . The range has a small extension west of I-5. The Tejon Pass separates the Sierra Pelonas, the San Emigdios , the Tehachapis , and the Topatopa Mountains near Gorman and Lebec . Within the Sierra Pelonas lie the rural areas of Neenach , Three Points , Lake Hughes , Elizabeth Lake , Acton , Agua Dulce and Green Valley . The cities of Santa Clarita , Palmdale , and Lancaster are located at

96-616: The Santa Clara River and numerous minor watercourses and washes drain the ridge: Castaic Creek , San Francisquito Creek , and Bouquet Creek . Three sag ponds nestle within the narrow valley that divides the mountains from the Antelope Valley: Hughes Lake , Munz Lakes , and Elizabeth Lake . The Native population of California in the Sierra Pelona and Santa Susana Mountains included

112-819: The Sonora Road , an old Spanish and Mexican trail from Sonora, México to San Diego. The Sonora Road linked with the Kearney Trail that was used during the Mexican–American War by the U.S. Army. During the California Gold Rush the route pioneered by Kearny and Cooke, with the addition of a road from Warner's Pass to the Pueblo of Los Angeles , became the Southern Emigrant Trail used by American immigrants. The route crossed

128-672: The Tataviam and Serrano people. They traded with the Tongva and Chumash to the south and west, until the Spanish colonization of the Americas relocated them from their homelands. The San Francisquito Canyon , which runs north-south through the mountains, served as a major wagon route between the Antelope and San Fernando Valleys. This corridor summited at San Francisquito Pass and

144-749: The Yuha Desert , and proceeded through the present day Carrizo Impact Area , then up Carrizo Wash through the Carrizo Badlands , to Carrizo Springs Station . It proceeded up Carrizo Creek through the present-day Carrizo Impact Area , towards the oasis of Vallecito Station . From there the route ascended northwest into the Peninsular Ranges , crossing the Laguna Mountains at Warner's Pass to Warner's Ranch Station, and then on to Temecula Station . This route's terminus

160-724: The Ridge Route Alternate ( US 99 ) in 1930, itself superseded by Interstate 5 completed in 1971. The rapid development of Southern California throughout the 20th century saw construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct and five separate reservoirs to supply water to the region: Castaic Lake , Bouquet Reservoir , Drinkwater Reservoir, Pyramid Lake and Dry Canyon Reservoir and the St. Francis Reservoir , both now drained and destroyed. San Gabriel Mountains Too Many Requests If you report this error to

176-739: The Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.237 via cp1104 cp1104, Varnish XID 211653290 Upstream caches: cp1104 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 07:50:00 GMT Butterfield Overland Mail in California The Butterfield Overland Mail in California was created by the United States Congress on March 3, 1857, and operated until June 30, 1861. Subsequently, other stage lines operated along

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192-518: The base of the mountains. The climate of the mountains is a Mediterranean climate . Summers are mostly dry except for occasional thunderstorms, and winters comparatively cold and wet. Snowfall is infrequent due to the relatively low elevations of mountains within this ridge, with only the few tallest peaks regularly receiving snowfall during the winter. Mainly the ridge falls under the California montane chaparral and woodlands ecoregion, excepting

208-533: The northeastern flank's gradual slope into the Antelope Valley near Palmdale where the ecology transitions to that of the Mojave Desert . The mountains are primarily covered in short grasses, scrub oak trees, yucca , and other chaparral shrubs. The ridge is prone to wildfires in the summer and fall, especially when the Santa Ana winds blow in from the Antelope Valley. Three major tributaries of

224-869: The upper San Joaquin Valley, crossing El Camino Viejo on the Rancho San Luis Gonzaga (St. Louis Ranch). It crossed over the Diablo Mountains at Pacheco Pass to reach to Gilroy . It then proceeded north through the Santa Clara Valley and San Jose , to its western terminus in San Francisco , also the headquarters of the First Division of the Butterfield Overland Mail. The Second Division's route from Fort Yuma to Warners Pass followed

240-699: Was Los Angeles , the headquarters of the Second Division of the Overland Mail. The 2nd Division was headquartered in a brick building at the Pueblo de Los Angeles , consisting of an office, blacksmith shop, stables and sheds. Later some of the larger gaps between stations were filled by six new stations. Source: "List of Butterfield Overland Mail Stations "Itinerary of the Route" " (PDF) . New York Times . October 14, 1858. Source: "List of Butterfield Overland Mail Stations "Itinerary of

256-533: Was part of the El Camino Viejo - an alternate land route to the El Camino Real for reaching northern Spanish and Mexican colonial Alta California - as well as the Butterfield Overland Mail route. The Ridge Route , a landmark two-lane highway that connected Los Angeles to the rest of California, was built along the western flank of the ridge and was completed in 1915. It was later bypassed by

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