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44-529: Silent Hills is a cancelled horror game developed by Kojima Productions that was to be published by Konami Digital Entertainment for the PlayStation 4 . It was in development since 2012 until its cancellation in 2015. It was to be the ninth main installment in the Silent Hill series, and was to be directed by Hideo Kojima and Guillermo del Toro . Series publisher Konami brought Kojima onto

88-503: A Haunted House overlay was included with the first video game console , the Magnavox Odyssey , inspired by haunted house fiction. Taito 's classic arcade video game Space Invaders (1978) has also been cited as a precursor to horror video games, as it involved a survival scenario where an alien invasion slowly descends and increasingly destroys the landscape while menacing sound effects gradually speed up, which created

132-488: A 2D pre-rendered background, so that players would control their character from a fixed camera angle. This allowed the developers to create the necessary sense of tension throughout the adventure game. Alone in the Dark was a global success on personal computers . Sweet Home , Alone in the Dark , and Doctor Hauzer (published by River Hill in 1994) went on to inspire Capcom's original Resident Evil (1996), which coined

176-527: A haunted house and experiences supernatural occurrences; the only actions available are walking and zooming as the player character explores the continuously looping corridor. After the player solves the final puzzle, a trailer reveals that it is a "playable teaser" for a new Silent Hill title being directed by Hideo Kojima and Guillermo del Toro , with the protagonist portrayed by Norman Reedus . On 1 September 2014, Sony revealed during its pre- Tokyo Game Show press conference that P.T. has been downloaded over

220-644: A lifelong appreciation of cinema. Since its launch in 1991, the SFFILM Youth Education program has reached a total of more than 95,000 Bay Area schoolchildren and 3,000 teachers from more than 350 educational institutions. All programs are designed to meet the Visual and Performing Arts Content Standards for California public schools. FilmHouse provides 4,800 square feet of office space free of charge to narrative and documentary filmmakers working at any stage of production. Awarded twice annually through

264-480: A million times. P.T. received praise from video game journalists . GamesRadar ' s David Houghton praised it as immersive horror and wrote: "By spreading out into the real world, by forcing solutions by way of hearsay, internet whispers, and desperate, rumoured logic, it has become its own urban myth." IGN ' s Marty Sliva ranked it as an honorable mention on his list of the best video game trailers for 2014, and another reviewer for IGN, Lucy O'Brien, described

308-539: A more action-oriented approach with scientific themes and fast-running zombies. Horror games also benefited from indie game growth in the early 2010s, since outside of established franchises like Resident Evil , major publishers had shied away from the genre. Series like Frictional Games ' Penumbra series and Amnesia series, and Red Barrels ' Outlast series captured the type of gameplay from horror games like Silent Hill and Resident Evil . Parsec Productions' Slender: The Eight Pages took advantage of

352-606: A restructuring of its video game business, and removed references to Kojima and Kojima Productions from the promotional materials for its games. A Konami spokesperson initially denied that Kojima was leaving the company, and stated that he would still be involved with Konami and the Metal Gear franchise. At a San Francisco Film Society event on April 26, 2015, assistant director Guillermo del Toro reportedly told attendees that Silent Hills had been cancelled. The next day, Norman Reedus also made statements on Twitter stating that

396-549: A sense of panic in players when it first released. The text-based adventure games Mystery House (1980) and The Lurking Horror (1987) incorporated horror elements through their textual descriptions of rooms. ASCII Corporation 's Nostromo (1981) for the PC-6001 , inspired by the science fiction horror film Alien (1979), was a survival horror game that involves escaping from an invisible alien with limited available resources. Another notable early horror video game

440-568: A source of both frustration and interest throughout the horror community. In 2021, a game called Abandoned was heavily speculated to be a part of the franchise; however, the developers denied any connection. Bloober Team also denied online rumors about a possible revival of the project under their oversight, later going on to develop the 2024 remake of Silent Hill 2 . Horror game Unlike most other video game genres, which are classified by their gameplay , horror games are nearly always based on narrative or visual presentation, and use

484-493: A variety of gameplay types. Historically, the classification of video games into genres ignores the narrative themes, which would include science fiction or fantasy games, instead preferring systems based on the style of gameplay or at times, types of game modes or by platform. Horror games is the only narrative-based classification that has generally not followed this pattern, with the narrative genre label used broadly for games designed to scare players. This broad association to

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528-450: Is not seen , rather than what is". These games commonly rely on the player-character's unreliable perceptions or questionable sanity in order to develop the story. Through the use of unreliable narrators , such games may explore the fear of losing one's capacity to think rationally or even to recognize one's own identity. Psychological horror games may not depend as much on action compared with survival horror games, instead giving time for

572-417: Is one example of this style of game. Some other examples of jump scare horror games include Dino Crisis , Outlast , Poppy Playtime , Resident Evil , and Silent Hill . Reverse horror games involve the player scaring others, rather than the player being scared. Compared to a horror game, the player is instead what would be considered the antagonist. Reverse horror games generally involve assuming

616-458: The Silent Hill franchise. Fans upset by the cancellation later started a petition on Change.org asking for Konami to continue the project; as of 4 March 2016, the petition has received 194,279 signatures. In a tweet from Guillermo del Toro, he revealed that horror manga artist Junji Ito would also have been involved with the project. Cliff Bleszinski was also asked to work on

660-746: The "survival horror" term. It spawned the Resident Evil franchise, which defined and popularized survival horror games. 1995 saw the release of Clock Tower on the Super Famicom, which Carl Therrien claims is "clearly inspired by the slasher movie breed of uncanny." Sega's The House of the Dead (1996) was an arcade horror shooter game that introduced fast zombies who could run, jump and swim, whereas Konami's Silent Hill (1999) defined and popularized psychological horror games. While horror games were inspired by horror films up until

704-441: The 1990s, horror games were later influencing horror films by the 2000s. The success of Resident Evil and House of the Dead sparked a renewed interest in zombie films by the 2000s, influencing hit zombie films such as 28 Days Later (2002), the Resident Evil film series , Dawn of the Dead (2004) and Shaun of the Dead (2004). The Resident Evil and House of the Dead games influenced zombie films to move towards

748-689: The SFFILM's areas of activity is currently provided by Executive Director Anne Lai and Director of Programming Jessie Fairbanks. SFFILM presents more than 300 films annually through various festivals, series and individual screenings. Running for 11 days each spring, the San Francisco International Film Festival (SFFILM Festival) was founded in 1957 by San Francisco theater operator Irving "Bud" Levin, who had attended film festivals in Cannes and Venice and decided it

792-645: The animated sprites used in the action-based gameplay as to give the fidelity to the details of the horror scene. Sega 's Monster Bash (1982) was a horror-themed arcade action game that depicted classic movie monsters such as Count Dracula , Frankenstein's monster and werewolves . Other horror-themed action games that followed in the late 1980s included Capcom 's Ghosts 'n Goblins (1985), Konami 's Castlevania (1986), and Sega's Ghost House (1986) and Kenseiden (1988), with more violent gory arcade horror games including Exidy 's Chiller (1986) and Namco 's Splatterhouse (1988). One of

836-480: The asymmetric multiplayer modes in Dead by Daylight and Friday the 13th: The Game , in which one player controls the monster or the killer that is chasing the other players. The incorporation of general horror genre themes into video games came early on in the medium, inspired by horror fiction and especially horror films . The earliest rudimentary attempt at a horror video game dates back to as early as 1972, when

880-451: The best-defined and most common types of horror games are survival horror games. These games tend to focus on the survival of the player-character in a horror setting with limited resources, and thus tend to be more geared as an action game or action-adventure game . A common theme of these games is escape or survival from the equivalent of a zombie apocalypse , with weapons, ammunition, and armor limited. The Resident Evil series coined

924-429: The completion of Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain , and his eventual exit from Konami. In April 2015, Konami announced that the game had been cancelled, a move that was criticized by journalists and fans of the franchise. Kojima, del Toro, and Reedus reunited for the 2019 game Death Stranding . In September 2012, Konami 's president asked Hideo Kojima to direct the next Silent Hill installment. He accepted

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968-512: The game as "the most genuinely frightening interactive experience in recent years." Giant Bomb gave the Best Horror Game award to P.T. in 2014. P.T. won "Scariest Game" at Bloody Disgusting ' s FEAR Awards. In March 2015, sources reported that due to conflicts with Konami, Kojima and his senior staff planned to leave Konami following the completion of Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain . Concurrently, Konami announced

1012-491: The game had been cancelled. The same day, Konami announced that P.T. would be pulled from the PlayStation Store on April 29, 2015, and Polygon reported that an anonymous tip by a person familiar with the game's development had also confirmed the game's cancellation. On April 27, 2015, Konami issued a statement to Kotaku confirming that Silent Hills "would not be continued", but that they planned to continue

1056-443: The game. However, there are some specific areas in the broad horror game classification that have been identified as unique subgenres in horror. Action horror games use action game elements from first person and third-person shooter games alongside the survival horror themes, making them more fast-paced than survival horror games. These grew in popularity following the release of Resident Evil 4 in 2005 and which persisted in

1100-578: The genre. With more graphical capabilities, games should start to include horror-related imagery, often present in the licensed games based on horror films in the 1980s and 1990s such as The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (1983), Halloween (1983) and Friday the 13th (1989), as well as games inspired by horror films such as the survival horror Project Firestart (1989) inspired by the Alien films. Due to limitations of consoles and computers, these horror images were often limited to cutscenes rather than

1144-402: The graphic style of older platforms, such as the low-poly graphics of the first PlayStation console or even pixel art, rather than high realism from modern 3D graphics. Besides capturing a sense of nostalgia, developers are able to use retro-inspired graphics on modern hardware to continue to manipulate the player and surprise them beyond the expectations of the visuals, such as giving the player

1188-513: The idea that the game itself is cursed and potentially breaking the fourth wall . San Francisco Film Society SFFILM , formerly known as The San Francisco Film Society , is a nonprofit arts organization located in San Francisco, California , that presents year-round programs and events in film exhibition, media education, and filmmaker services. The San Francisco Film Society rebranded as SFFILM in 2017. Leadership for each of

1232-469: The most well-known "haunted house" themed graphic adventure games was Maniac Mansion (1987) by LucasArts . Sweet Home (1989) was a survival horror role-playing video game based on the Japanese horror film of the same name . It was Capcom's first survival horror title, directed by Tokuro Fujiwara , who had earlier designed Ghosts 'n Goblins and later went on to produce Resident Evil , which

1276-473: The narrative theme of horror games leads to the lack of well-defined subgenres of horror games. Many gameplay-defined genres have numerous games with horror themes, notably the Castlevania platform game series uses monsters and creatures borrowed from numerous horror mythos. In such cases, these games are still categorized by their original gameplay genre, the horror aspect considered a literary aspect of

1320-516: The next two titles, Resident Evil 5 and Resident Evil 6 , with gameplay that focused more on action-oriented combat than puzzles and problem-solving from previous titles ( Resident Evil 7 returned to the series' survival horror roots). Examples of action horror games include The House of the Dead series, the Dead Space series, the Left 4 Dead series, and The Last of Us . One of

1364-433: The offer with enthusiasm, and development began shortly thereafter, using Kojima Productions ' Fox Engine . When asked about the project, Kojima stated: In the past I've mentioned Silent Hill in interviews, and as a result of that the president of Konami rung me up and said he'd like me to make the next Silent Hill . Honestly, I'm kind of a scaredy-cat when it comes to horror movies, so I'm not confident I can do it. At

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1408-545: The player to explore and witness events. The Silent Hill series, which is also based on survival horror elements, is considered one of the defining psychological horror games. Frictional Games' Penumbra and Amnesia series and their standalone game SOMA explore ethical and philosophical questions, and the psychology, motivations and fallible sides of their largely defenseless protagonists, subjected to mysterious events largely beyond their control. Games with an emphasis on psychological horror may also take advantage of

1452-452: The player when they do not expect it, as well as creating a sense of dread while anticipating the next jump scare. While jump scares may be elements in other horror games along with other gameplay aspects, jump scare horror games are generally limited to this type of gameplay mechanism. They are often aimed towards generating reactions from players, which have proven popular to watch over streaming playthroughs of games. Five Nights at Freddy's

1496-410: The popular Slenderman creepypasta , and became one of the first games to gain popularity from viewers watching reactions to online streamers playing the game. The Five Nights at Freddy's series by Scott Cawthon also similarly captured popularity through watching streamers' reactions to jump-scares. More recently in the early 2020s, indie horrors games have found a new aesthetic based on emulating

1540-587: The project in September 2012. The game was announced via P.T. (short for Playable Teaser ), a critically acclaimed game demo released as a free download from the PlayStation Store in August 2014. P.T. revealed the involvement of Del Toro, along with Norman Reedus as the voice and appearance of its protagonist. The game's development was questioned due to rumors surrounding Kojima's work with

1584-411: The project, but declined, later explaining on Twitter: "I don't like LA , I love new IP , and I woulda fucked up SH". During Sony Interactive Entertainment 's E3 2016 press conference, the reformed Kojima Productions unveiled a new game, Death Stranding , which also features Reedus and del Toro. In the years since, rumours of the series being revived by a third party or by Kojima himself have been

1628-434: The role of a monster or villain . In comparison to the victim, the main character has some sort of advantage over the others, such as enhanced vision, greater strength, or supernatural abilities. Reverse horror games may also derive from an original horror game, developed as a sequel or prequel to the original, intended to display the perspective of the titular antagonist. Examples of reverse horror games include Carrion and

1672-473: The same time, there's a certain type of horror that only people who are scared of can create, so maybe it's something I can do. That said, I think Silent Hill has a certain atmosphere. I think it has to continue, and I'd love to help it continue, and if I can help by supervising or lending the technology of the Fox Engine, then I'd love to participate in that respect. An interactive teaser for Silent Hills

1716-517: The term and serves as the prime example of such games, though key conventions of the subgenre preceded the Resident Evil series. Other notable survival horror series include Alone in the Dark , Clock Tower , Silent Hill , Fatal Frame , and Parasite Eve . Psychological horror games are meant to scare the player through emotional, mental, or psychological states rather than through monsters or other scares. The fear comes from "what

1760-519: The video game medium to break the fourth wall and appear to affect the player's computer or console directly, such as with OMORI , Eternal Darkness and Doki Doki Literature Club! Psychological horror games may still be tied to action-based genres; Spec Ops: The Line is a third-person shooter but with a psychological horror narrative inspired by works like Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now . Jump scare horror games are designed around moments aimed to immediately surprise or shock

1804-551: Was Haunted House (1982) for the Atari 2600 . At that point, video game technology lacked the fidelity to carry the themes of horror in the technology and was instead wrapped more in game manuals and other presentation materials. 3D Monster Maze (1982) for the Sinclair ZX81 , while not containing images tied with horror games, was one of the first games to induce the feeling of suspense and mystery typically associated with

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1848-412: Was originally intended to be a remake of Sweet Home . Phantasmagoria (1995) by Roberta Williams was one of the earliest psychological horror games. Alone in the Dark (1992), developed by Infogrames and inspired by H.P. Lovecraft fiction and George A. Romero zombie films , was one of the first survival horror games to bring a more immersive presentation, using crude 3D figures drawn atop

1892-477: Was released on August 12, 2014, as P.T. ( Playable Teaser ), marketed as a demo for a horror game by the non-existent 7780s Studio. Published on the PlayStation Network for the PlayStation 4 as a free download, P.T. uses a first-person perspective , in contrast to the usual third-person perspective often found in the Silent Hill series, and centers on an unknown protagonist who awakens in

1936-534: Was time for the United States to have its own. The San Francisco International Film Festival is among the longest running film festivals in the Americas. The SFFILM Festival celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2007. SFFILM's Education programs serve more than 11,000 students and teachers every year, from kindergarten through college, to develop media literacy , cultural awareness, global understanding and

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