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57-448: Silivri is located bordering Büyükçekmece to the east, Çatalca to the north, Çorlu and Marmara Ereğli (both districts of Tekirdağ Province ) to the west, Çerkezköy to the north-west (one of Tekirdağ Province ) and with the Sea of Marmara to the south. It is, with an area of 858 km (331 sq mi), the second largest district of Istanbul Province after Çatalca . The seat of

114-695: A Major General , formed the fearsome Camagüey cavalry corps that had the Spaniards on the run. He died in combat on 11 May 1873; his body was burned in the city because the Spanish feared the rebels would attack the city to recover his body. The Agromonte cavalry regiment of the Ejercito Libertador during the Cuban War of Independence was named after him. This regiment was set up by another notable Camagüey native, Lope Recio Loynaz , who became

171-436: A myth, asserting that in truth the city developed without planning, and that winding streets developed out of everybody wanting to stay close to their local church (the city has 15 of them). During the eighteenth century the city was called Santa María del Puerto del Príncipe; between 1747 and 1753 Luis de Unzaga y Amézaga , then captain governor of Puerto del Príncipe, rehabilitated the city, which had been badly damaged during

228-430: A population of 333,251. With a total area of 1,106 km (427 sq mi), it has a population density of 300/km (780/sq mi). The symbol of the city of Camagüey is the clay pot or tinajón , used to capture rain water to be used later, keeping it fresh. Clay pots are everywhere, some as small as a hand, some large enough for two people to stand up in, either as monuments or for real use. A local legend

285-470: A variety of influences. Camagüey was founded as Santa María del Puerto del Príncipe in 2 February 1514, by Spanish colonists led by Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar at a location now known as Nuevitas on the northern coast. It was one of the seven original settlements ( villas ) founded in Cuba by the Spanish. The settlement was moved inland in 1528 to the site of a Taíno village named Camagüey. The new city

342-424: Is twinned with: Marmara Ere%C4%9Fli Marmara Ereğlisi ( Turkish: [ˈmaɾmaɾa æɾeːlisi] ; Greek : Ηράκλεια ), also spelled Marmaraereğlisi , is a municipality and district of Tekirdağ Province , Turkey . Its area is 175 km , and its population is 29,549 (2022). Ereğli is 30 km east of the town of Tekirdağ , and 90 km west of Istanbul near a small pointed headland on

399-474: Is a blending between Sports University and Pedagogical Sciences University, counting over 12 000 students and 3 000 professors. Camagüey is the birthplace of professional boxer Luis Ortiz (1979). Camagüey is also the birthplace of Ignacio Agramonte (1841), an important figure of the Ten Years' War against Spain between 1868 and 1878. Agramonte drafted the first Cuban Constitution in 1869, and later, as

456-493: Is a city and municipality in central Cuba and is the nation's third-largest city with more than 333,000 inhabitants. It is the capital of the Camagüey Province . It was founded as Santa María del Puerto del Príncipe in 1514, by Spanish colonists on the northern coast and moved inland in 1528, to the site of a Taino village named Camagüey. It was one of the seven original settlements ( villas ) founded in Cuba by

513-465: Is a mixture of large modern blocks and old country houses, both types mostly having been built without proper planning or architectural design. There is a small harbour. The people of Ereğli are a mixture of established families who have been in Thrace for generations and recently arrived migrant workers. A large fault follows this coast, and the holiday housing of Ereğli is all vulnerable to damage from

570-628: Is in football. Their amateur football team play in the Istanbul Super Amateuar League , and the women's team in the Turkish Women's Third League . Sport venues in Silivri are the 2,700-seating capacity Müjdat Gürsu Stadium, named after Müjdat Gürsu (1971–1994) a local footballer, and Alibey Sport Hall. There are a number of hospitals and special health institutions in Silivri, state owned and private run: Silivri

627-443: Is lined with hotels and compounds of holiday properties serving people from Istanbul, who come to relax in the summer sunshine. Ereğli is only an hour's drive from Istanbul and on a summer Sunday evening the road is a solid queue of returning weekenders. The holiday compounds are complicated mazes of little roads tightly packed with villas or buildings of holiday flats, leading down to the sea. Some of them have cafes and restaurants on

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684-615: Is that if you drink water from a "tinajón", you will stay in Camagüey ("Quien tome agua del tinajón, en Camagüey se queda"), meaning that if you meet a Camagüeyana girl, you will fall in love with her and never leave. The main secondary education institutions are the University of Camagüey and the Instituto Pedagógico de Camagüey. The Big Clay Jars or Tinajones were storage jars used to transport wine, oil and grain in

741-604: Is what historians and archaeologists confirm. At the beginning, in Spain these jars were used to preserve oils, especially olive oil, hence the Spanish brought the model to the early Camagüey, immediately it became in traditional use and a local symbol among the residents of Camagüey adopting creative ways of decorating in those times in the Cuban city. The old city layout resembles a real maze, with narrow, short streets always turning in one direction or another. After Henry Morgan burned

798-662: The Aedes aegyptis mosquito as the vector of yellow fever . Camagüey is also the hometown of volleyball player Mireya Luis , Gertrudis Gomez de Avellanada (poet), Silvestre de Balboa (1563–1649, writer), Salvador Cisneros Betancourt , Marqués de Santa Lucia (Cuban patriot, signatory of the Guaimaro Constitution of 1869 and President of the Cuban Republic in Arms). Father José Olallo Valdés worked there, and

855-535: The Beach of Santa Lucía do so through this airport. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Camagüey has a tropical savanna climate , abbreviated Aw on climate maps. Since Cuba is a hotspot for tropical cyclones , it has been affected many times, like in 1932, with the 1932 Cuba hurricane . Afternoon temperatures are hot and morning temperatures mild to warm throughout

912-753: The Fourth Crusade , and the fall of Constantinople to the Latin Empire in 1204, the fortress fell in quick succession to the Latin Empire , Bulgarian, back to the Latins and finally was recaptured by the Byzantine successor state of the Empire of Nicaea in 1247, who were finally able to recapture Constantinople and restore the empire in 1261. In 1346, the Ottomans became an ally of the pretender for

969-706: The Treaty of Sèvres , Silivri became a part of Greece on July 20, 1920. However, Italians took it over from the withdrawing Greek troops on October 22, 1922, according to the Armistice of Mudanya . Finally, Turkish forces entered Silivri on November 1, 1922. It was part of Çatalca province between 1923–1926 and was bounded to Istanbul Province in 1926. It was enlarged with joining of Gümüşyaka (formerly Eski Ereğli) village from Çorlu district. There are 35 neighbourhoods in Silivri District: During

1026-514: The War of Jenkins' Ear , and Unzaga also rebuilt the Church of La Merced. Upon Cuba's independence from Spain , in 1898, was when the city and its surrounding province received the current name of Camagüey, as a result of the independence from Spain. The indigenous name was already before used to refer to the region "El Camagüey" in reference to the local chief ('cacique') Camagüebax, who ruled between

1083-471: The 1950s and 1960s the pasture was so rich that the yogurt of Silivri was renowned. Now the reputation of the yogurt has declined due to poor quality control and mismanagement of the brand. The Silivri Yoğurt Festivali used to be a major event but nowadays there is less interest and in some years it is not even held. Wheat (246 km), sunflower (105 km) and barley (50 km) are cultivated here. Vineyards were once important but have declined since

1140-403: The 1960s and 1970s as families would come by the busload to complexes of holiday flats that were built on the beach. The Marmara Sea suffered from pollution in the 1980s and 1990s but now efforts have been made to clean it up. All the facilities are located in the holiday housing area, the town centre of Silivri has little to offer in the way of cinema, theatre or any other cultural amenities. Now

1197-463: The 1970s. Livestock is still important. Silivri has two sports clubsi Silivrispor and Alibeyspor. Established in 1957, Silivrispor has two active branches, football and basketball. Silivrispor's professional football team play in the Apor Toto 3rd Şeague . The basketball section eas founded in 2014. Alibeyspor, named after a neighborhood of Silivri, was established in 1989. The club's main activity

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1254-583: The City, the Pre-Universitario, sometimes referred to as "Vocational School" but formally known as "Instituto Pre-Universitario Vocacional de Ciencias Exactas" (IPVCE) Máximo Gómez Báez es:Instituto Preuniversitario Vocacional de Ciencias Exactas – or, in English, Vocational Pre-University Institute of Exact Sciences Máximo Gómez Báez – is the largest of its kind in the province of Camagüey. The size of

1311-653: The Emperor John VI Cantacuzenus (1292–1383), and helped him against his rival John V Palaeologus (1332–1391). The same year, Sultan Orhan I married Theodora, the daughter of John VI in Selymbria. In 1399, Selymbria fell to the Ottomans, marking their complete encirclement of Constantinople by land in Europe. Many contemporary observers believed from then on it was a mere matter of time before

1368-601: The Military High School "Camilo Cienfuegos" (also known as "Camilitos", in honor of Camilo Cienfuegos , hero of the Cuban Revolution). The University of Camagüey, with engineering and basic and humanitarian sciences programs, is located in the city. There are a separate university college for medical education (Carlos J Finlay University of Medical Science). Since 2016, the University of Camaguey

1425-582: The Ottomans took the Byzantine capital. However, after their disastrous defeat at the hands of Timur the Ottomans returned Selymbria and several other possessions to the Byzantines in 1403. It was sometimes attacked by the Ottomans in later years, but was not captured. During the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, Selymbria, along with Epibatos , stood up against the Ottoman armies, and surrendered only after

1482-595: The Revolution" Raúl Rivero (1945-2021). A street in the city has been named for Agüero. The city is the birthplace of Major League Baseball Hall of Fame member Atanasio Perez Rigal ( Tony Pérez ), who won two World Series titles with the Cincinnati Reds and was the 1967 All Star Game MVP. The city is also the birthplace of the Cuban national poet Nicolás Guillén , and of Carlos J. Finlay , an outstanding physician and scientist, who first identified

1539-466: The Spanish. After Henry Morgan burned the city in the 17th century, it was redesigned like a maze so attackers would find it hard to move around inside the city. The symbol of the city of Camagüey is the clay pot or tinajón , used to capture rain water and keep it fresh. Camagüey is also the birthplace of Ignacio Agramonte (1841), an important figure of the Ten Years' War against Spain. A monument by Italian sculptor Salvatore Buemi, erected in

1596-465: The Tínima and Hatibonico rivers, and was approved on that date for the province that had been created in 1878, the province in this same year was a militar region by the republic in arms. Located on a plain in the middle of its province, the municipality borders with Vertientes , Florida , Esmeralda , Sierra de Cubitas , Minas , Sibanicú and Jimaguayú . In 2022, the municipality of Camagüey had

1653-585: The ancient city of Heraclea. Eski Ereğli corresponds instead to the ancient town and bishopric of Daunium . This appears as a bishopric for the first time in the early 10th century in the above-mentioned list of Leo VI the Wise. Its bishop Thomas took part in the Second Council of Nicaea in 787 and Clemens in the Photian Council of Constantinople (879) . Like Heraclea, it had a Latin bishop in

1710-470: The area, Edward Daniel Clarke stated that, in spite of its name, which means 'Old Ereğli or Heraclea', the village of Eski Ereğli (today Gümüşyaka in Silivri district), where he hoped to find antiquities, had scarcely any ancient remains, and he was informed that it was the coastal village known locally as Büyük Ereğli (Big Ereğli or Big Heraclea), about two hours (six miles) distant, that corresponded to

1767-463: The bay, but excavations show that it was a Thracian settlement before it was a Greek colony. According to Strabo , the city's name is a combination of the name of the mythological founder of the city, Selus, and the Thracian word that Strabo thought was used for polis , "bria". This, however, did not mean polis, and had another meaning. Selymbria is the birthplace of the physician Herodicus , and

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1824-470: The center of the area to Ignacio Agramonte, was unveiled by his wife in 1912. It is composed of an equestrian statue, reliefs in bronze that reveal fragments of the life of Agramonte, and a sculpture of a woman that symbolizes the motherland. In July 2008, the old town was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site , because of its irregular, maze-like city planning, its prominent role in early Spanish colonization and agriculture, and its rich architecture showing

1881-486: The central "Avenida Van Horne", at the corner with "Avenida Finlay". The city is crossed by the Carretera Central highway and counts a beltway. The A1 motorway , that will link Havana to Guantánamo , and partly built, is in project phase in the city area. Camagüey has its own international airport, Ignacio Agramonte International Airport located in the north-eastern suburb. Most tourists going to or leaving

1938-441: The city and introduced by the Spaniards during the early-modern times as the solution to the city's water shortage, placed beneath gutters so that they could fill the water. Slightly tapered at one end, they were half-buried in earth, keeping the water cool and fresh. They soon came to be produced in the town and every house inside and outside, and a family's wealth could be assessed by the style and quantity of their tinajones . This

1995-561: The city had fallen. The town remained a summer resort during the Ottoman time, as it was during the Byzantine era. On the order of Suleiman the Magnificent , architect Mimar Sinan built 1562 a stone bridge with 33 arches just west of Silivri. The historical bridge, called "Uzunköprü" (The "Long Bridge"), is still in use today, however one arch is not visible due to sedimentation. Prior to World War I, some Silivrian Jews immigrated to

2052-531: The city in the 17th century, it was designed like a maze so attackers would find it hard to move around inside the city. Camagüey is a colonial city resembling a real maze streets, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site . The city has more than 30 Catholic churches, testimony of its colonial past, of which we can name the following: Camagüey counts an important railway station on the main Havana - Santiago line with connections to minor lines. The station lies in

2109-691: The coast has also been blessed with resort hotels and country clubs with sports facilities including golf courses, horse riding centres and tennis courts, health and conference centers. At weekend the area is crowded with day trippers. With all this development it is hard to find a stretch of open coastline. The winter months are cold here, as bitter weather blows across Thrace from the Balkans , and holiday homes in Silivri are not much used from mid-September until May or even June. The district has great agricultural potential thanks to its almost flat landscape, mild Thracian climate and yield-effective soil, and in

2166-431: The district is the city of Silivri. Established in 2008, Turkey's most modern (and Europe's largest) prison complex is located 9 km (5.6 mi) west of Silivri. Silivri, the ancient Greek Selymbria or Selybria ( Greek : Σηλυ(μ)βρία ), owed its historical importance to the natural harbor and its position on the major commercial roads. It was a colony of Megara founded on a steep 56 m high hill east of

2223-595: The festivals held there. At an early date, according to tradition in the Apostolic Age , Heraclea became a Christian bishopric . As capital of the Roman province of Europa , it was the metropolitan see for all the bishoprics of the province, including Byzantium , which in 330 became Constantinople . Later on, Byzantine Emperor Justinian I would restore its aqueducts and palace. The see of Constantinople soon obtained superiority over Heraclea. However, Heraclea

2280-812: The first Governor of the Province of Camagūey during the Republic of Cuba . The outline of Ignacio Agramonte's horseback statue in the Park that bears his name is a symbol of Camagüey. It was set there in 1911, uncovered by his widow, Amalia Simoni. Visial artists include José Iraola , a contemporary painter who was born in Camagüey, on 19 September 1961; sculptor Roberto Estopiñán , born in Camagüey in 1921; and artist Juan Boza , born in Camagüey in 1941. Poets and writers include Brígida Agüero y Agüero (1837-1866), Domitila García Doménico de Coronado (1847-1938), Emelina Peyrellade Zaldívar (1842-1877) and "The Poet of

2337-471: The inevitable earthquakes. Apart from tourism Ereğli has two natural harbors and three small ports. The natural gas company Botaş and also Total Petroleum have tanker ports. Large quantities of petroleum products are imported from Russia. There is a LNG storage facility and a natural gas-fired power plant on the point of the headland, in the village of Sultanköy . Camag%C3%BCey Camagüey ( Spanish pronunciation: [kamaˈ(ɣ)wej] )

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2394-486: The institution qualifies it as a "learning city". This center is homologous to others existing in the rest of the country's provinces. Students usually form close bonds and lasting friendships while at the institution, but family bonds sometimes suffer and "traditional" moral attitudes tend to shift as teenagers spend weeks away from their family. To be admitted into the IPVCE, students must take an entrance exam after completing

2451-794: The north shore of the Marmara Sea . It is called Marmara Ereğlisi (or Marmara Ereğli in colloquial usage) to distinguish it from the two other large towns in Turkey with the name Ereğli (deriving from the Greek name Heraclea ), one in Konya Province ( Konya Ereğlisi ), the other on the Black Sea coast ( Karadeniz Ereğli ). The town, originally a Samian colony, was founded as Perinthos ( Greek : Πέρινθος ), in English usually known by its Latinized form as Perinthus . In about 300 AD, it

2508-754: The preparation of the Basic Secondary Education (7th to 9th grade). During the following three years they receive intensive preparation in order to gain acceptance to college. What is known in United States as High Schools (9-12 grade), in Cuba is called Secundaria from (7-9 grade) and Pre-Universitario from (10-12 grade). Some relevant Secundarias in Camagüey are La Avellaneda, Torre Blanca, Javier de la Vega, Ana Betancourt de Mora, Ignacio Agramonte, and many others. In Camagüey city, there are other high schools, as well as schools for athletes (ESPA, and EIDE), for artists (The School of Art), and

2565-557: The reign of the Byzantine emperor Arcadius (377–408), after his wife Aelia Eudoxia , though this name did not survive. In 805 AD, the Bulgarian Khan Kroum pillaged the town. In the late 9th century, Emperor Michael III constructed a fortress on the top of the hill, the ruins of which still remain, during an era in which the Byzantine Empire suffered attacks by Saracen corsairs and Rus raiders. With

2622-447: The seafront, sometimes open to people from outside the compound. In places there are public beaches, although very crowded on summer weekends, and paths for children to play on bicycles. These holiday homes are family places and not all the compounds have nightlife. The town of Ereğli and its nearby villages are used by these weekenders and summer residents for fast food, grocery shopping, internet cafes and other amenities. The town itself

2679-461: The summer months as a weekend and holiday retreat, although the road out here is heaving with traffic in summer. Being accessible from Istanbul, the Marmara coast has long been used for holidaying by Istanbul's people. As the city has grown, these facilities have moved further and further away. Once Florya and Yeşilköy were resorts, today it is Tekirdağ and even further. Silivri had its heyday in

2736-415: The summer months, the population increases 4–5 times. Silivri is 67 km (42 mi) far from the city center of Istanbul, and is a popular summer resort for many Istanbul residents with its 45-kilometre-long (28 mi) coast. It is on the highway D.100 and the motorway E80, which connect Turkey to Europe via Edirne . It takes about an hour and a half to get here from the city so is feasible for use in

2793-610: The time of the Latin Empire of Constantinople (1204–1261). No longer a residential bishopric, Daonium is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see . There are 10 neighbourhoods in Marmara Ereğlisi District: Ereğli is a small town, quiet in winter. There is a long coastline and the sea is clean enough for swimming, (not true of much of the Marmara) and the coast on either side of Ereğli

2850-513: The town of Camagüey , Cuba . Russians occupied Silivri on February 5, 1878 for 1 month until 3 March 1878. Bulgarians occupied it on November 16, 1912 for 9 months until May 30, 1913. During the war, many more Sephardim in the city left as conditions worsened due to the war. Many of these Turkish Jews emigrated to the United States settling primarily in New York and Seattle. Others went to Palestine, France and South America. According to

2907-564: The year. Rain peaks during June and is at its lowest during February. The city is currently divided into four districts: The local baseball club is Toros de Camagüey , nicknamed Alfareros (" Potters "), and its home ground is the Estadio Cándido González . The association football club is FC Camagüey and its home ground is the Estadio Patricio Lumumba . Although it is not the only high school in

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2964-563: Was an ally of the Athenians in 351 BC. Until the second half of the 2nd century BC, the city could preserve its autonomy, but after its neighbours Byzantium and Perinthos became more powerful, the city fell under their control during the next centuries. The settlement shrank into a village under the governance of the Roman Empire. In the early 5th century, the town was officially renamed Eudoxiopolis ( Greek : Εὐδοξιόπολις), during

3021-511: Was beatified in the city on 29 November 2008. Olympic champion amateur boxer at 75 kg in Sydney 2000 was Jorge Gutiérrez Espinosa, born on 18 September 1975 in Camagüey. It is the birthplace of the Cuban writer Severo Sarduy , a member of the European intellectual community that consolidated in the 1960s behind Tel Quel , a journal of critical thought. Sarduy, censored in Cuba throughout

3078-496: Was built with a confusing lay-out of winding alleys. There are many blind alleys and forked streets that lead to squares of different sizes. One explanation is that this was done by design, to make the city easier to defend from any raiders; by the same version, the reason that there is only one exit from the city was that should pirates ever return and succeed in entering the city, it would be possible for local inhabitants to entrap and kill them. However, locals dispute this reasoning as

3135-457: Was given the name of Heraclea (Ἡράκλεια). It was built amphitheatre-like on the hillside of a cape extending into the Sea of Marmara , close to where the modern town stands. Its port and its position at the junction of several sea-routes, made it a town of commercial importance. It became famous because of its resistance to Philip II of Macedon in 340 BC. Many of its coins have survived, and identify

3192-526: Was recognized in the Notitia Episcopatuum of Pseudo-Epiphanius as having five suffragan sees : Panium , Callipolis , Chersonesus in Europa , Coela , and Rhaedestus . An early 10th-century Notitia Episcopatuum attributed to Leo VI the Wise lists the suffragans as 15 and another, dating from 1022–1025, puts them at 17. With the advance of the Ottoman conquests, the number of suffragans

3249-484: Was severely reduced. In the early 20th century, it still had two suffragans. Today it is only a titular "Elder Metropolis and Exarchate of Thrace" of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople . In the 13th century, there were Latin diocesan bishops of Heraclea. Today, the Catholic Church lists it as a titular see under the name "Heraclea in Europa". In his 1815 account of his visit to

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