47-560: Silvassa is a city and the headquarters of the Dadra and Nagar Haveli district in Union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu in western India. It is today the largest city in the union territory. The city was chosen as one of the hundred Indian cities in Government of India 's flagship Smart Cities Mission . The former official name of the city, during Portuguese rule,
94-467: A habitat for leopard ( Panthera pardus ), wildcat ( Felis silvestris ), striped hyena ( Hyaena hyaena ), fox ( Vulpes spp.), golden jackal ( Canis aureus ), nilgai ( Boselaphus tragocamelus ), four-horned antelope ( Tetracerus quadricornis ), sambar deer ( Rusa unicolor ), and chital deer ( Axis axis ), and birds including black drongo, bulbul, kingfisher, egret, hoopoe, mynah, heron, and red jungle fowl. In 2014 an additional eco-sensitive area
141-476: A regular interval and easily available from Vapi (E) railway station. Gujarat Road Transport Buses ply between Silvassa and Vapi at a regular interval. Silvassa Smart City Limited currently operates 10 Electric Buses to and from the Silvassa Bus Stand, destinations include Daman, Vapi, Khanvel, Dudhani, and Mandoni. Dadra and Nagar Haveli district Dadra and Nagar Haveli is a district of
188-517: A significant Roman Catholic population, and there are still a few citizens who speak Portuguese as their first or second language. Far from being a tribal region, Silvassa has now developed into an industrial hub with major industrial companies setting up manufacturing bases in the region. Its initial tax-free status granted by the Indian government to boost industrial investment in the former Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli has contributed to
235-516: A single concelho (municipality), named "Nagar Haveli", with its head in Darará until 1885 and, after that, with its head in the town of Silvassa . The local affairs were overseen by an elected câmara municipal (municipal council), with the higher level affairs administrated by the district governor of Daman, who was represented in Nagar Haveli by an administrator. The Nagar Haveli concelho
282-471: A somewhat centralised location), Silvassa is home to people from virtually every part of the nation, with numerous languages being spoken there besides the widespread Hindi, Marathi or Gujarati; one may hear Bengali , Bhojpuri , Haryanvi , Kannada , Malayalam , Marwari , Odia , Punjabi , Tamil , Telugu or Urdu , amongst other tongues, when in Silvassa. As a former Portuguese colony, Silvassa has
329-487: A treaty was signed between India and Portugal on recognition of India's sovereignty over Goa, Daman, Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli. In December 2019, the Parliament of India passed legislation to merge Dadra and Nagar Haveli with the nearby union territory of Daman and Diu to create a single union territory to be known as Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu on 26 January 2020. Dadra and Nagar Haveli will be one of
376-495: A well-maintained road network. The nearest railway stations are in Vapi 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) away and Bhilad , 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) away. Daman is 30 km away via Bhilad on National Highway number 8. Mumbai is 160 km away from Silvassa, via Bhilad, on National Highway number 8 Surat is 130 km away from Silvassa, via Bhilad , on National Highway number 8. Auto-rickshaw services ply between Vapi and Silvassa at
423-509: Is Nagar Haveli, Lavachha, Dadra, Vapi and Daman (on the sea coast). So Portuguese officers required transit permits through the Indian territories of Lavachha and Vapi to travel between N.H., Dadra, and Daman. On the night of 22 July 1954, 15 volunteers of the United Front of Goans under the leadership of Francis Mascerenhas and Waman Desai sneaked into the territory of Dadra and reached the police station. There were only three personnel at
470-591: Is a railway station on the Western Railway network in the state of Gujarat . It is located in Vapi city. It is a major railway station in South Gujarat after Surat . Vapi is "A" category railway station of Mumbai WR railway division of Western Railway Zone . It is well connected by rail to all major cities of India. Some Passenger trains start from here. Following trains start and terminate at Vapi railway station: This article about
517-490: Is about 14 km west of Silvassa & Vapi is about 18 km northwest of Silvassa. Mumbai is approximately 180 km from Silvassa. Surat city is about 140 km away. Mumbai and Surat are the nearest airports. The stretch of the main southern area is hilly terrain especially towards the northeast and east where it is surrounded by ranges of the Sahyadri mountains (Western Ghats). The central alluvial region of
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#1732782768125564-485: Is in the middle of the undulating watershed of the Daman Ganga River , which flows through Nagar Haveli and later forms the short southern border of Dadra. The towns of Dadra and Silvassa lie on the north bank of the river. The Western Ghats range rises to the east, and the foothills of the range occupy the eastern portion of the district. Dadra and Nagar Haveli is surrounded by Valsad District of Gujarat on
611-416: Is khair wood and general timber. Teak , sandra, khair, mahara and sisam are the major tree species in the region. Tree cover has been estimated around 27 km from the six-year data (2002–08), which is around 5.5% of the total geographical area of DNH. The Dadra and Nagar Haveli Wildlife Sanctuary covers 91.39 square kilometres, or about 19% of the union territory's total area. The sanctuary provides
658-563: Is known as the Cherrapunji that covers the bulk of western India (apart from the Thar Desert ) which produces most of the annual rainfall of 200–250 cm. Winters are between maritime temperate and semi-tropical with temperatures ranging from 14 °C to 30 °C, reliably, as with the monsoon, with scant deviation from this range. Dadra and Nagar Haveli covers an area of 487 km and consists of two sub-districts: Dadra
705-605: Is the headquarters of Dadra taluka, comprising Dadra town and two other villages. Silvassa is the headquarters of Nagar Haveli taluka, comprising Silvassa town and 68 other villages. Dadra and Nagar Haveli's gross state domestic product for 2004 is estimated at $ 218 million in current prices. Its nominal GDP increased to $ 360 million in the year 2009 with a per capita GDP of $ 1,050. The economy of DNH relies on five major activities viz. agriculture, industries, forestry, animal husbandry and tourism. Vapi railway station Vapi railway station (station code:- VAPI )
752-470: Is the rainy season in the region, and the rivers are usually flooded during this season. The Daman Ganga river was flooded and no help could reach Naroli. This was the reason to choose this date for proceeding to Naroli. There were only six police personnel. The volunteers and the villagers reached the police station and asked them to surrender or face death. They immediately surrendered. The Portuguese rule of Naroli came to an end. The Special Reserve Police in
799-404: Is typical of its type. Being near the coast, all but the sparsely inhabited easternmost parts have a typical north Indian Ocean maritime climate. The summers are hot and become in their later part more humid with temperatures reaching as high as 39 °C in the month of May. The monsoon starts in the month of June and extends until September. The rainfall is brought by southwest monsoon winds. It
846-578: The Arabian Sea can be reached via Vapi in Gujarat. Dadra and Nagar Haveli comprises two separate geographical units. The larger part—Nagar Haveli—spans a roughly C-shaped area upriver from the city of Daman on the coast, at the centre of which, straddling the border with Gujarat, is the Madhuban reservoir. The smaller enclave of Dadra is a short distance to the northwest. Dadra and Nagar Haveli
893-722: The Indian Administrative Service was, for one day, designated the Prime Minister of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, so that, as Head of State, he could sign an agreement with the Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru , and formally merge Dadra and Nagar Haveli with the Republic of India. The Tenth Amendment of the Constitution of India was passed to incorporate Dadra and Nagar Haveli as a union territory, effective 11 August 1961. On 31 December 1974
940-891: The Portuguese purchased Dadra , annexing it to Portuguese State of India ( Estado Português da Índia ). In 1818, the Maratha Empire was defeated by the British in the Third Anglo-Maratha War , and the Portuguese ultimately became the effective rulers of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Under the Portuguese rule, Dadra and Nagar Haveli were part of the Distrito de Damão ( Daman district ) of the Estado da Índia (Portuguese State of India). The two territories formed
987-408: The union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu in western India . It is composed of two separate geographical entities: Nagar Haveli , wedged in between Maharashtra and Gujarat states 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) to the north-west, and the smaller enclave of Dadra , which is surrounded by Gujarat. Silvassa is the administrative headquarters of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Unlike
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#17327827681251034-885: The Indian Territory did not intervene. J.D. Nagarwala, the Dy. Inspector General of the Special Reserve Police in the Indian Territory, without entering DNH, asked Captain Fidalgo, the Administrator of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, to surrender to the Indian Forces along with his paramilitary forces before they would be executed by the liberators. Leaving about 50 policemen and five civilian officers posted at Silvassa, Captain Fidalgo fled to Udva passing through Rakholi, Dappada, and Khanvel and surrendered to
1081-465: The SRP on 11 August. They were later allowed to go to Goa. In the meanwhile, there were several rumours and the officers at Silvassa were in confusion. On 1 August, the liberators took advantage of the situation and proceeded from Dadra and Naroli and liberated Pipariya. The five police officers surrendered without resistance. During the night, the volunteers divided themselves into three batches and reached
1128-580: The Treaty of Vasai (6 May 1739), Vasai and the surrounding territories came under the Maratha rule. Soon after, the Marathas captured Ramnagar but reinstated the ruler, Ramdeo, under conditions. Thus the Marathas acquired the rights to collect revenue, known as chauthai . from Nagar Haveli and two other Parganas. During the time of Dharamdeo, the son of Ramdeo, due to his change of policies (he neglected
1175-562: The conditions imposed earlier by the Marathas), the Marathas captured Nagar Haveli and the surrounding region. The Portuguese were granted the area of Nagar Haveli on 10 June 1783 on the basis of a friendship treaty executed on 17 December 1779 as compensation for damage to the Portuguese frigate Santana by the Maratha Navy in 1772. The treaty allowed the Portuguese to collect revenue from 72 villages in Nagar Haveli. Then, in 1785
1222-409: The country. Silvassa hosts more than 200,000 floating population, coming from all parts of the country; the laborers mostly hail from Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Odisha. Other floating community is from the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Rajasthan. Silvassa is connected to Maharashtra and Gujarat via National Highway 848A . Silvassa has
1269-772: The land is almost plain and the soil is fertile and rich. The river Damanganga rises in the Ghat 64 km from the western coast and discharges itself in the Arabian Sea at the port of Daman after crossing Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Its three tributaries, Varna, Pipri and Sakartond, join Daman Ganga within the territory. Dadra and Nagar Haveli lies within the North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests ecoregion, characterised by forests of teak ( Tectona grandis ) and other dry-season deciduous trees. About 43% of
1316-592: The land is under forest cover. However, the reserved forest territory constitutes about 40% of the total geographical area. The protected forests constitute 2.45% of the total land area. According to satellite data taken in 2008, DNH has roughly about 114 square kilometres (28,000 acres) of moderately dense forest and 94 square kilometres (23,000 acres) open forest. According to the Forest Survey of India, DNH has two major forest types: tropical moist deciduous forest and tropical dry deciduous forest. The major produce
1363-547: The leadership of Vishwanath Lavande, Dattatreya Deshpande, Prabhakar Sinar and others, the Communist Party under the leadership of Shamrao Parulekar and Godavaribai Parulekar, and the United Front of Goans under the leadership of Francis Mascerenhas, J.M. D'Souza, Waman Desai and others were also attempting the liberation of DNH. On 18 June 1954, many leaders met at Lavachha . Lavachha and Vapi were Indian territories. The order in which these places lie (from east to west)
1410-592: The liberators reached the town of Silvassa to find it free of any Portuguese occupation. The liberation of Dadra and Nagar Haveli was complete. Senhor Luis de Gama, the eldest nationalist, hoisted the Indian National Flag and declared the territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli liberated and the Indian National Anthem was sung. From 1954 to 1961, Dadra and Nagar Haveli existed as a de facto state known as Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli . It
1457-599: The municipal capital until the Indian Annexation of 1954 . According to the 2011 India census , Silvassa had a population of 98,265. Gujarati and Hindi are the most commonly spoken languages in Silvassa; as the city lies in the northern part of Nagar Haveli , Gujarati and its dialects are more widely spoken compared to the southern part of Nagar Haveli, where Marathi , Konkani and its dialects hold prominence. As with most larger towns and cities in India (with
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1504-609: The new union territory of "Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu" on 26 January 2020. The territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli then became one of the three districts of the new union territory, as the Dadra and Nagar Haveli district. The history of Dadra and Nagar Haveli begins with the defeat of the Koli chieftains of the region by the Rajput kings. In the year 1262, a Rajput prince from Rajasthan named Ram Singh established himself as
1551-418: The police chowky at Silvassa. The police chowky at Silvassa was protected by sandbags. There were three policemen on guard on three sides. Vasant Badve, Vishnu Bhople, and Shantaram Vaidya overpowered them from behind when least expected. The other policemen surrendered without resistance on seeing the other volunteers. The volunteers spent the night awake at the police chowky. On the morning of 2 August 1954,
1598-408: The police station. One was attacked with a knife by one of the volunteers, and the other two were overpowered. The Indian tricolour was hoisted and the Indian National Anthem was sung. Dadra was declared the "Free territory of Dadra". On the night of 28 July, around 30 to 35 volunteers of Azad Gomantak Dal proceeded to Naroli from Karambele (Karambeli) by swimming across the rivulets. June to September
1645-485: The region's industrial growth. The industrial landscape of Silvassa and surrounding region has been altered dramatically. It is one of the largest states in collection of excise duty from more than 3,500 small and medium industries. Silvassa is a big hub for plastic products and its products are found throughout India thanks to their good quality and low cost. Apart from all this, Silvassa is also known for various FMCG distributors like Gajra Distribution having reach throughout
1692-627: The residents of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, with the help of volunteers of organisations like the United Front of Goans (UFG), the National Movement Liberation Organisation (NMLO), and the Azad Gomantak Dal, conquered the territories of Dadra and Nagar Haveli from Portuguese India in 1954. As time passed, the Indian independence struggle picked up momentum. On 18 June 1946, Ram Manohar Lohia
1739-511: The ruler of Ramnagar, the present-day Dharampur , which consisted of 8 parganas (a group of villages) and assumed the title Maharana. Nagar Haveli was one of the Parganas, and its capital was Silvassa. In 1360, Rana Dharamshah shifted his capital from Nagar Haveli to Nagar Fatehpur. With the rise of Maratha power, Shivaji Maharaj viewed Ramnagar as an important locality. He captured the region, but Somshah Rana recaptured it in 1690. After
1786-607: The seat of the Pragana Nagar Avely municipality further inland from Darará . On 11 February 1885, by decree from the Portuguese Ministry of the Overseas, Silvassa was designated as a town ( vila ), and given the name of Paço de Arcos. However, the endemic name prevailed, and the town continued to be known locally and beyond as Silvassa, being referred-to as such in official documents. The town remained
1833-443: The surrounding areas, Dadra and Nagar Haveli was ruled by the Portuguese from 1783 until the mid-20th century. The area was captured by pro-India forces in 1954 and administered as the de facto state of Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli before being accessioned to India as a union territory , the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli in 1961. The union territory was merged with the neighbouring union territory of Daman and Diu to form
1880-427: The three districts of the new union territory. The area of Dadra and Nagar Haveli is spread over 491 square kilometres (190 sq mi). Its population density is 698 square kilometres (269 sq mi). Though landlocked between Gujarat to the north and Maharashtra to the south, it is close to the western coast of India (between 20°0′ and 20°25′ N latitude and between 72°50′ and 73°15′ E longitude), and
1927-558: The west, north, and east, and by Thane District of Maharashtra on the south and southeast (after the division of Thane District, it is now surrounded by the newly formed Palghar District). Maghval is a small enclave village belonging to Gujarat that is located within Nagar Haveli , just south of Silvassa . The nearest railway station are Bhilad & Vapi in Gujarat on the Mumbai-Delhi route ( Western Railways ) . Bhilad
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1974-585: Was Paço de Arcos (Engl.: "palace of arches", also spelled Paço d'Arcos ), named after the town of that same name located in Oeiras , Lisbon . Until about the turn of the century , in the late 1800s, Silvassa was one of many small villages in Portuguese India . Its importance started to increase by the mid-1880s when the Portuguese administration, under then Governor-General Carlos Eugénio Correia da Silva, Count of Paço de Arcos , decided to transfer
2021-568: Was administered by a body called the Varishta Panchayat of Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli, with administrative help from the government of India. Although it enjoyed de facto independence, Dadra and Nagar Haveli were still recognised internationally (e.g. by the International Court of Justice ) as Portuguese colony. In 1961, amidst Indian preparation for the invasion of Goa, Daman, and Diu , K.G. Badlani, an officer of
2068-587: Was arrested in Goa. This was the beginning of the independence struggle in Goa. He was deported to India. On 15 August 1947, India became independent from British rule, but the Portuguese and other European colonies were not immediately incorporated. The Goan struggle continued for many years. Atmaram Narsinh Karmalkar, an officer in the Banco Colonial (Portuguese Bank) at Panaji (in Goa) (then known as Panjim), who
2115-434: Was designated in the 100-meter buffer zone around the wildlife sanctuary, with an area of 26.57 square kilometres. The rich biodiversity makes it a habitat for a variety of birds and animals and thus a destination for inland and coastal safari and eco-tourism . Silvassa's hills and wide, forested buffer land attract wildlife enthusiasts. There is a wildlife protected area located, The climate of Dadra and Nagar Haveli
2162-558: Was itself divided in the following freguesia s ( civil parishes ): Silvassa, Noroli, Dadra, Quelalunim, Randá, Darará, Cadoli, Canoel, Carchonde, and Sindonim. The Portuguese occupation lasted until 1954, when Dadra and Nagar Haveli were liberated by supporters of the Indian Union. It was the first possession to be detached from the colonial Empire by the integration with the Indian Union in 1954, after nearly two centuries of Colonial rule. After India attained independence in 1947,
2209-449: Was popularly known as Appasaheb Karmalkar, was indirectly involved in the freedom struggle in Goa. He was dismissed from the bank and finally took up the struggle to liberate Goa. In the course of time, he realised that the liberation of DNH was crucial if Goa was to be liberated. Karmalkar reached Vapi and met Jayantibhai Desai from Dadra. He also met Bhikubhai Pandya from Nani Daman and Vanmali Bhavsar from Silvassa. Azad Gomantak Dal under
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