64-555: Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence is a part of the Slovenian Armed Forces . It is an integral part of the command structure, not an independent branch. Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence aim is securing the sovereignty of the airspace of the Republic of Slovenia and providing air support to other services in the implementation of their tasks in joint operations . Its main tasks are: Since Slovenia does not have
128-471: A combat group , an air base group , a maintenance and supply group , and a medical group . Constituted combat wings are always numbered in a single series beginning with Arabic "1st". Examples: 1st Fighter Wing , 21st Space Wing , and the Strategic Air Command 's 509th Bomb Wing . All constituted wings have one, two, or three digits in their numerical designations. In many cases,
192-407: A division in size, its commander is usually a major general . Unlike their USAF counterparts, all USN and USMC air wings are tenant activities ashore and have no command responsibility for the installation at which they are normally based when not afloat or forward deployed. Naval air stations and Marine Corps air stations (and facilities) have separate commanding officers that are independent of
256-547: A group (around 10 squadrons). Each squadron will contain around 20 planes. On its establishment in 1912, the British Royal Flying Corps (RFC) was intended to be an inter-service, combined force of the British Army and Royal Navy . Given the rivalry that existed between the army and navy, new terminology was used, in order to avoid marking the corps out as having an army or navy ethos. While
320-894: A fully professional standing army . The Commander-in-Chief of the SAF is the President of the Republic of Slovenia , while operational command is in the domain of the Chief of the General Staff of the Slovenian Armed Forces. Following the disintegration of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire at the end of World War I, the Duchy of Styria was divided between the newly established states of German Austria and
384-542: A legacy title from the former carrier air groups. In the United States Marine Corps , a Marine Aircraft Wing (MAW) is an overall command, equivalent to a Marine Division , consisting of at least two Marine Aircraft Groups , a Marine Air Control Group (MACG), a Marine Wing Headquarters Squadron (MWHS), and a Marine Wing Headquarters (the Wing Commander and his staff). Being equivalent to
448-569: A maintenance group, a medical group and a mission support group. Such a wing is referred to as a Combat Wing Organization, which is comparable to a brigade in the US Army . Other wings, such as Air Expeditionary Wings , exist for various other purposes, and their scope may extend to one base, one theater or worldwide. In United States Air Force usage, a military organization above a squadron level ( group , wing , air division , numbered air force , air component command, Major Command (MAJCOM) )
512-982: A mobile force. Active in the SFOR deployment in Bosnia and Herzegovina , Slovenia is also a charter member of Partnership for Peace and a regular participant in PfP exercises. The United States provides bilateral military assistance to Slovenia, including through the International Military Education and Training (IMET) program, the State Partnership Program (aligned with Colorado ), and the EUCOM Joint Contact Team Program. Slovenia formally joined NATO in March 2004. The transition of its armed forces from
576-766: A primarily conscript-based territorial defense organization to a professional force structure has the ultimate goal of creating NATO-interoperable combat units able to operate on an even par with units from other NATO armies. Implementation of interoperability objectives as determined by the Planning and Review Process (PARP) and the Individual Partnership Program (IPP) as part of Slovenia's PfP participation proceeds. Slovenia's elite units already train with and are integrated into international units including NATO members—for example as part of SFOR and on Cyprus . Its elite mountain troops will be assigned to
640-586: A purchase of a short to medium range air defence system with integrated radar which reduce the need for trucks to tow a radar for the air defence system. Purchase will be done in around 2024. In May 2022, Slovenia signed a contract for the delivery of 45 Boxer (armoured fighting vehicle) in four different variants,with the contract being worth €281.5 Million and delivery of the vehicles expected to begin from 2024 until 2026. The Ministry of Defence stated that it will retire some aircraft to lower maintenance costs, while purchasing large transport aircraft. The purchase
704-841: Is Cerklje ob Krki Airbase . The others that are partially military are: Slovenia is part of the United Nations , NATO and the European Union , and supports the efforts of these organisations in peacekeeping operations and humanitarian activities. The Slovenian Armed Forces have been participating in various missions since 1997, when the first unit was deployed to Albania for a humanitarian operation. Slovenia has continued its efforts in international cooperation by participating in various missions in Afghanistan, Iraq, Cyprus, Pakistan and other countries. The total number of sent personnel through Slovenia's contribution to missions
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#1732797501935768-420: Is "responsible for training individuals and units for operation in the mountains and other terrains difficult to pass". The Slovenian Armed Forces are organized as single-branch armed forces with the army as their primary component. The personnel is divided into three categories: The Slovenian army currently maintains one military airport Cerklje ob Krki near town of Brežice . The airport's official name
832-491: Is a peacetime collective defence mission, which is at the very heart of NATO's founding treaty. It ensures the integrity of Allies' airspace and protects Alliance nations by maintaining continuous a 24/7 Air Policing within Supreme Allied Commander Europe's (SACEUR's) area of responsibility. The Slovenian Navy or officially the 430th Naval Division is not a separate service, but an integral part of
896-629: Is an establishment , while that of a squadron and lower ( squadron , flight , center, complex), if designated as such, is a unit . The U.S. Army Air Service / U.S. Army Air Corps / U.S. Army Air Forces wings that existed before 1947 are not comparable with the wings of the USAF. World War II wings, for example, were expansive administrative and operational organizations that usually controlled several combat groups and numerous service organizations, often located at widely scattered locations. Many World War II wings were redesignated as air divisions after
960-430: Is based on an aircraft carrier . The squadrons of a CVW are also assigned to administrative type wings (such as Strike Fighter Wing Atlantic ). Naval Air Forces are commanded by either a rear admiral (upper half) or a vice admiral and wings are commanded by captains , with the title of commodore . Carrier air wings are commanded by either a Navy captain or a USMC colonel with the title of "CAG" (Commander, Air Group),
1024-501: Is controlled by several radar types including the Tales Raytheon Ground Master GM-403 , Ericsson Giraffe 40 with command and control capability and IAI Elta EL/M 2106 NG . Previous aircraft operated: Slovenian Armed Forces The Slovenian Armed Forces or Slovenian Army ( SAF ; Slovene : Slovenska vojska ; [ SV ]) are the armed forces of Slovenia . Since 2003, it is organized as
1088-449: Is more than 15,000, but some speculations estimate over 20,000 personnel. The Slovenian Armed Forces sent a request for 14 Pandur EVO armoured vehicles in late 2019. As the SAF already operate 85 Pandur I ( Valuk ), which is from the same family of vehicles and is the main vehicle of the army and were bought from the same company as the new ones which was Steyr (Austrian) in the past and today General Dynamics Land Systems (American),
1152-749: Is responsible for protecting Slovenian airspace. On 8 November 2004 the 15 Brigada was officially disbanded. In its place three new units were formed. The 15 Air Force Brigade was restructured into the 15 Helicopter Battalion, the Air Force School, and the Air Force Base. The 15 Helicopter Battalion is located at the Brnik air base. The unit is equipped with eight Bell 412 helicopters and four AS-532 Cougar helicopters. The units duties are to organise training courses for pilots and technical staff, to organise search and rescue missions and operate within
1216-552: The British Air Training Corps , a wing consists of a number of squadrons within a designated geographical area, usually named after the county in which it is based. In this context, a wing is inferior to a " region " which is made up of six wings. In all, there are 36 Air Training Corps wings in six regions within the United Kingdom , each of which is commanded by a RAFVR(T) wing commander. While
1280-490: The Civil Air Patrol , there are 52 wings (each of the 50 states plus Washington, D.C. , and Puerto Rico ). Each wing supervises the individual groups and squadrons in that state, district or commonwealth, which are the basic operational units of the organization. Some wings, for example Delaware Wing , have only one group due to the small geographical and manpower size of the wing. The United States Navy follows
1344-606: The Croatian Air Force ( zrakoplovna baza , Croatian for aviation base ) use the term air base for regiment -equivalents commanded by colonels in a direct parallel to the wings of other member states. Non-English equivalents of the British wing include the German Gruppe , Italian Gruppo , and French groupe . The World War II German Luftwaffe Geschwader and Gruppe were similar to the wing and group of
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#17327975019351408-676: The Royal Air Force . The RFC usage of wing was maintained in the new service. In most Commonwealth air forces, as well as some others, a wing is usually made up of three or four squadrons . In these air forces a wing is inferior to a group. Originally all wings were usually commanded by a wing commander (equivalent to a lieutenant colonel ). From World War II onwards, operational flying wings have usually been commanded by group captains (equivalent to colonels ), whereas ground-based wings have continued to be commanded by wing commanders. Air forces of NATO member countries which use
1472-623: The Royal Naval Air Service , and gained its independence from the Royal Flying Corps. In 1915, the Royal Flying Corps had significantly expanded and it was felt necessary to create organizational units which would control two or more squadrons; the term "wing" was re-used for these new organizational units. The Royal Flying Corps was amalgamated with the Royal Naval Air Service in 1918, creating
1536-1088: The Slovak Air Force ( krídlo ). Additionally countries influenced by the US in the building of their modern air forces also use the term wing . Several such examples are the Republic of Korea Air Force , the Japan Air Self-Defense Force , the Royal Thai Air Force , the Philippine Air Force , the Peruvian Air Force , the Venezuelan Air Force , the Ecuadorian Air Force and the Brazilian Air Force . A wing may also be used for non-flying units, such as
1600-581: The Slovenian Territorial Defence ( Teritorialna Obramba Republike Slovenije ; or Slovene TO ), formed in 1990 by fusion of Territorial Defence (formed in 1968 as a paramilitary complement to the regular army of the former Yugoslav within the territory of Slovenia ) with secret alternative command structure, known as the Manoeuvre Structures of National Protection (Manevrska struktura narodne zaščite, or MSNZ), which
1664-686: The Yugoslav Air Force and not owned by Slovenia. Slovenian Territorial Defence ceased to be a part of the Yugoslavian auxiliary forces on 21 June 1991, (four days prior of the proclamation of independence), when the Yugoslav army seized 12 Soko J-20 Kraguj aircraft from them. On 28 June 1991 a Yugoslav Air Force Gazelle defected to Slovenia, providing the first helicopter for the Territorial Defence Force. During
1728-565: The infantry forces of the RAF Regiment , (in which a wing equates to a battalion ). Additionally, RAF stations are administratively divided into wings. In 2006, expeditionary air wings were established at the RAF's main operating bases. These expeditionary air wings consist of the deployable elements of the main operating base and other supplementary forces. Expeditionary air wings may be subordinated to an expeditionary air group . In
1792-779: The 1990s, the Canadian Forces Air Command (the post-1968 RCAF until 2011) altered the structure of those bases under its control, declaring them to be wings under the overall control of 1 Canadian Air Division in Winnipeg . For instance, CFB Trenton in Ontario was redesignated 8 Wing Trenton. The base commander of these bases (as well as other wings whose headquarters were stood up on bases not controlled by Air Command, such as 16 Wing at CFB Borden and 1 Wing at CFB Kingston ) were re-designated Wing Commanders (or Wg Comd). As well as continuing their functions as
1856-418: The British structure in that a wing is an administrative formation commanding two or more squadrons of aircraft that are based on land. Several wings are combined into a Naval Air Force. The several wings assigned to each Fleet Naval Air Force control the wing's type squadrons. A carrier air wing (CVW, formerly known as a carrier air group ) consists of several squadrons and is an operational formation that
1920-583: The Empire. As the Empire began to collapse during 1918, Slovenian aircrew and ground crew switched their allegiance to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes . Aircraft found on Slovenian territory were taken over by the Slovenian authorities and formed into a fledgling air arm. The new air arm was soon involved in the conflict with Austria over the border provinces of Carinthia and south Styria. Later in 1919,
1984-871: The German Geschwader originate from the naval term squadron . A similar formation in the Swedish Air Force is the Flygflottilj, which translates in English as air wing (literal meaning is air flotilla or flight flotilla). Among the NATO member countries the Turkish Air Force ( Ana Üssü , Turkish for main base ) and the Bulgarian Air Force ( авиобаза [ aviobaza ], Bulgarian for air base or aviation base ) use
Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence - Misplaced Pages Continue
2048-896: The Multinational Land Force peacekeeping battalion with Italy , Hungary , and Croatia . Slovenia hosted its first PfP exercise in 1998--"Cooperative Adventure Exchange"—a multinational disaster-preparedness command post exercise involving almost 6,000 troops from 19 NATO and PfP member nations. As of 2011 Slovenian soldiers were a part of international forces serving in Bosnia and Herzegovina , Kosovo , Afghanistan , Iraq , Chad , and Lebanon . Slovenia hosts Multinational Centre of Excellence for Mountain Warfare ( MN COEMW ; Slovene : Večnacionalni center odličnosti za gorsko bojevanje ), one of NATO Centres of Excellence , located in Bohinjska Bela , Slovenia . It
2112-464: The Slovenian Armed Forces had been almost completely reorganised into a professional army now based on volunteers. Currently there are approximately 7,300 active troops and approximately 1,500 in reserve, reduced from 55,000 personnel during conscription. A major reorganization of the Slovenian Armed Forces is currently underway with a goal making them more effective and cheaper. More than half of all commands have been disbanded which has made commanding
2176-474: The Slovenian Armed Forces, the Air Defense and Aviation Brigade will be reconstructed to the 15th Wing (Military Aviation Regiment). The Wing will consist of 151st Rotary Wing Squadron, 152nd Fixed Wing Squadron, 153rd Aircraft Maintenance Squadron, 16th Air Space Control and Surveillance Centre, 107th Air Base and Flight School. Air Defense elements will be moved to Ground Forces . The Slovenian airspace
2240-571: The Slovenian Armed Forces. The Division consists of the Super Dvora Mk II-class patrol boat Ankaran and the Project 10412-class patrol boat Triglav . Wing (military aviation unit) In military aviation , a wing is a unit of command. In most military aviation services, a wing is a relatively large formation of planes. In Commonwealth countries a wing usually comprises three squadrons , with several wings forming
2304-707: The Slovenian air units were absorbed into the Royal Yugoslav Air Force . In 1968 a reserve volunteer force, the Teritorialna Obramba (Territorial Defence of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia), was established to defend local key locations in time of crisis. The Slovenian Territorial Defence HQ had a small auxiliary aviation unit stationed at Ljubljana-Polje airfield by 1969, when Government Factories Type 522 advanced trainers were being operated. These aircraft were borrowed from
2368-406: The Slovenian government to make the purchase cheaper. The director of GDELS confirmed there will be no corruption or problems with the purchase as they have done purchases in the past with no problem, as the SAF is an important customer to them. The 14 vehicles will fulfil 1 company of troops and the cost is estimated around 40 million Euros. The purchase is currently on standby as they are waiting for
2432-693: The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs. Rudolf Maister , a Slovene major of the former Austro-Hungarian Army, liberated the town of Maribor in November 1918 and claimed it for the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs . After a short fight with German Austrian provisional units, the current border was established, which mostly followed the ethnic-linguistic division between Slovenes and ethnic Germans in Styria . The current Slovenian Armed Forces are descended from
2496-638: The System of Civil Protection, Help and Rescue, to secure cargo transportation to mountain areas, to extinguish fires, and to provide air support for SAF units. The Air Force Military School is located at the Cerklje ob Krki air base. The school conducts the basic and advance training programmes for future air force pilots in two Zlin 142L and eight Zlin 242L planes and four Bell 206 Jet Ranger helicopters, organises practices for air force pilots, provides fire support, and carries out various tasks for other branches of
2560-464: The air capabilities to police its airspace in accordance with NATO standards, nor does it plan to develop such capabilities, these tasks are performed alternately by the Italian and Hungarian Air Forces under NATO command. Slovenian contact with military aviation began during World War I, when the army and navy air services of Austria-Hungary conscripted large numbers of personnel from throughout
2624-523: The air supply squad and the technical support unit whose main tasks are to plan and conduct the second stage of aircraft maintenance, carry out technical personnel training, update aircraft documentation, etc. Another restructuring took place in 2007 when the Air Force School and the 15 Helicopter Battalion were made into a single command making logistics easier, and reduce staff. Following the decision to operate jet aircraft from 2015 again, major restructuring will take place at Cerklje. Due to reorganization of
Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence - Misplaced Pages Continue
2688-514: The armed forces by using the two PC-9 and nine PC-9M planes. A part of the Air Force Military School is also the parachute squad, located at the Brnik air base, which organises basic and advanced parachute training for SAF members. The Air Force Base, located at the Cerklje ob Krki air base, carries out logistic support, such as fuel supply. The unit is equipped with two PC-6 planes and one L-410 plane. The Air Force Base unites
2752-480: The artillery will be equipped with self propelled howitzers which will increase its firepower, speed and efficiency. The German Panzerhaubitze 2000 is a high contender in this purchase which will be done after the purchase of the Pandur EVO armoured vehicles in 2022–2023. As Slovenian ground force already has 11 Roland (missile) II short range air defences, the ministry of defence of RS said that they will make
2816-572: The commanding officers of the bases they were assigned to, they also serve as formation commanders to all squadrons and units duly assigned to them by 1 Canadian Air Division or 2 Canadian Air Division (regardless if they are physically located on the base in question or elsewhere; as witness 12 Wing in Nova Scotia, which has one unit, 443 Maritime Helicopter Squadron , based at Patricia Bay near CFB Esquimalt in British Columbia, on
2880-501: The company is offering the vehicles to the army as they know it will have all requirements for the SAF that the old ones lacked which is troop space, protection, modern electronics and RCWS. Unlike the Austrian Pandur EVO, which is only armed with 12.7mm M2 Browning HMG, some Slovenian Pandur EVO will be equipped with 40mm Heckler & Koch GMG . The Austrian government is offering a government to government contract with
2944-492: The decision of the new government for the purchase. Delivery to take place between 2020 and 2021. Since the new defence minister wanted and still wants to finish the purchase of Boxer (armoured fighting vehicle) and the new general also being interested in it, if they solve the pricing problems it is possible that they will buy 56 Boxer vehicles instead of 14 Pandur EVO. Alongside the 14 Pandur EVO armoured vehicles, they will be joined by 38 Joint Light Tactical Vehicle which
3008-563: The delivery date was said to be in 2021-2023 but has changed as productions etc. is going better than expected and therefor already being 12 Joint Light Tactical Vehicles in the army in 2020 which are intended to replace the Humvee . The cost for the purchase was 46,5 million Euros. They will be armed with 12.7mm M2 Browning HMG and some with 40mm Heckler & Koch GMG , 1 company being an anti-tank company equipped with Spike (ATGM) LR/MR missiles. The ministry of defence of RS said in 2020 that
3072-459: The former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia , Slovenia was never a member of the Warsaw Pact . Today, the foreign policy priority of NATO membership drives Slovenia's defense reorganization. Once many countries lifted the arms embargo on Slovenia in 1996, the country embarked on a military procurement program to bolster its status as a NATO candidate and to aid its transformation into
3136-712: The majority of forces engaging the Yugoslav People's Army during the Ten-Day War . The Slovenian Armed Forces were formally established in 1994 as a reorganization of the Slovenia Territorial Defence Force. After 1993, the Slovenian Armed Forces had relied on mandatory military service, with conscripts receiving 6–7 months of training. In 2003, the Slovenian Government abolished conscription and as of July 2004,
3200-402: The numerical designation of the wing came from the combat group that preceded it and became an integral part of the post-World War II wing. In other words, when the 14th Fighter Wing (later, 14th Flying Training Wing ) came into existence, it received the 14th numerical designation from the 14th Fighter Group, which had already existed for several years and became the wing's combat component. At
3264-411: The operational wing structure. Many mission support functions on these installations, such as personnel support and medical/dental facilities, are also independent of both the air wing and air station command structures and are independent tenant commands with their own commanding officers or officers-in-charge. The United States Space Force has a single command echelon known as a delta which combines
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#17327975019353328-403: The original pre-unification Royal Canadian Air Force followed the British pattern and used squadrons, which belonged to wings, which in turn belonged to groups, the modern Royal Canadian Air Force has eliminated groups. Squadrons still report to wings which now report to one of two air divisions. Wings vary greatly in size and may comprise personnel numbering in the hundreds or thousands. In
3392-403: The other side of the country from Shearwater). By comparison, in the United States Air Force , a wing is normally the organizational tier below a Numbered Air Force . Most USAF wings are commanded by a colonel , but some are commanded by brigadier generals . USAF wings are structured to fulfill a mission from a specific base, and contain a headquarters and four groups: an operations group,
3456-487: The regiments' needs. Reorganization also transformed 72nd Brigade from a support unit to a combat unit and thus equaled it with the 1st Brigade. Both brigades were added support elements, such as Air Defense, Artillery, Intelligence, etc. The operational units now consist of a Special Operations Unit, Naval Division, an Aviation Regiment and three brigades , the 1st (responsible for western Slovenia), 72nd (responsible for eastern Slovenia) and Logistics Brigade. As part of
3520-447: The same time, the other component establishments, and units of these establishments, also received the 14th numerical designations, aligning each of them directly to the 14th Wing. However, the tactical squadrons of the combat group retained their separate and distinct numerical designations. The Air Force has three basic types of wings: operational, air base, and specialized mission. According to Air Force Instruction 38-101 (1994): In
3584-458: The subordinated units easier and faster. Soldiers are to be located nearer to their homes in order to minimize travel costs. Since the Slovenian Armed Forces do not have enough modern armored vehicles to maintain three motorized battalions fulfilled at every time, one Wheeled Combat Vehicles Company and one Tank Company have been organized within the Logistics brigade, which now lends vehicles to any of four newly formed infantry regiments, regarding to
3648-451: The term air base for their main formations. These air bases are brigade -equivalents commanded by brigadier generals unlike the air wings of other NATO members, which are regiment -equivalents commanded by colonels . The Royal Netherlands Air Force ( vliegbasis , Dutch for aviation base or air base ), the Portuguese Air Force ( base aérea ), the Czech Air Force ( základna letectva , Czech for air base or aviation base ) and
3712-420: The term "wing" had been used in the cavalry , its more general use predominated. Accordingly, the word "wing", with its allusion of flight, was chosen as the term of subdivision and the corps was split into a "Military Wing" (i.e. an army wing) and a "Naval Wing". Each wing consisted of a number of squadrons (the term "squadron" already being used by both the Army and the Navy). By 1914, the naval wing had become
3776-437: The term 'wing' to denote their main formations include the Spanish Air Force ( Ala ), the Hellenic Air Force ( πτέρυγα [ pteryga ]), Royal Norwegian Air Force ( luftving , Norwegian for air wing), Royal Danish Air Force (which adopted the English term wing directly, although the Danish word is vinge ), the Belgian Air Component (also adopted the English term wing directly), the Polish Air Force ( skrzydło ) and
3840-475: The war it also was equipped with three ex-Police Bell 412s and an Agusta A-109A. On 9 June 1992 the Air Force Unit of the Slovenian Army was renamed into 15 Brigada Vojaskega Letalstva. The 15 Brigada was divided into two squadrons, one fixed-wing and one helicopter squadron, flying from two bases, Brnik airport and Cerklje ob Krki. The 15 Brigada was under control of the 1 Air Force and Air Defence Force Command located at Kranj. In 2004 Slovenia entered NATO. Now NATO
3904-509: The war. Modern wings began with a service test of combat wings in 1947-1948. These wings were temporary Table of Distribution (T/D) organizations, each having a combat group (the only Table of Organization establishment of the wings), an airdrome group, a maintenance and supply group, and a station medical group. At the end of the service test, the Air Force implemented the Hobson Plan and replaced these T/D wings with permanent Table of Organization and Equipment ( constituted ) combat wings having
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#17327975019353968-424: The wing and group echelons found in air forces. In other languages, equivalent air force units equivalent to a US wing include: Geschwader in the German Luftwaffe ; Aviatsionniy Polk ( Aviation Regiment ) in Russia; Stormo in Italy; and escadre or régiment in the French Air Force . ( Escadre is also the official Canadian French translation of wing in the Canadian Forces .) The French Escadre and
4032-402: Was an existing but antiquated institution, (unique to Slovenia), intended to enable the republic to form an ad hoc defence structure, akin to a National Guard. It was of negligible importance prior to 1990, with antiquated weapons and few members. When Slovenia declared independence at the onset of the Yugoslav Wars in 1991, the Slovenian Territorial Defence and the Slovenian police comprised
4096-602: Was completed in 2007 between the Italian Alenia C-27J Spartan and Spanish EADS CASA C-295 . Both were tested in Cerklje ob Krki Airport military airport by the Slovenian pilots and the decision was made to buy the Spanish C-295, but one crashed and the purchase was cancelled. Slovenian airspace is secured by NATO with NATO AIR POLICING . For NATO nations that do not have the necessary air capabilities (Albania, Estonia, Iceland, Luxembourg, Montenegro, Latvia, Lithuania, and Slovenia), agreements exist to ensure airspace security within SACEUR's area of responsibility. NATO Air Policing
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