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86-562: Sparbanken Skåne Arena is a hall for handball matches and public events in Lund , Sweden . It has a capacity for 3,000 spectators during sport events. It is the home venue for the Swedish handball teams LUGI HF and H 43 Lund and it also hosted matches from the 2011 World Men's Handball Championship . The arena also hosts the biggest LAN party in Scania twice a year. Until 2014 the building

172-458: A Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres in 2005, and was named a Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur on 17 October 2012. Carl Adolf von Sydow was born on 10 April 1929 in Lund , Sweden. His father, Carl Wilhelm von Sydow , was an ethnologist and professor of folkloristics at Lund University . His mother, Baroness Maria Margareta Rappe, was a schoolteacher. Sydow was of part-German ancestry. A paternal ancestor, David Sydow ( "von" or "Von"

258-609: A 70-year career in European and American cinema, television, and theatre, appearing in more than 150 films and several television series in multiple languages. Capable in roles ranging from stolid, contemplative protagonists to sardonic artists and menacing, often gleeful villains, von Sydow received numerous accolades including honors from the Cannes Film Festival and the Venice Film Festival . He

344-665: A Swedish national facility. It was inaugurated on 21 June 2016. The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a pulsed neutron source under construction on a site just north of MAX IV. ESS is expected to directly employ about 450 people when it is completed in around 2023. Tetra Pak was founded in Lund in 1951 by Ruben Rausing . Their principal product is packages and equipment for aseptic packaging of food, principally using plastic-coated cardboard. As of January 2015 Tetra Pak employed around 3,500 staff at their headquarters in Lund. The pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca used to have

430-715: A class trip to Malmö , which prompted him to establish an amateur theatrical group along with his friends back at school. Sydow served for two years in the Swedish Army with the Army Quartermaster Corps , where he adopted the name "Max" from the star performer of a flea circus he saw. After completing his service, Sydow studied at the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm where he trained between 1948 and 1951. During his time at

516-465: A disillusioned 14th-century knight returning from the Crusades to a plague-stricken Sweden. The scene of his character playing a game of chess with Death has come to be regarded as an iconic moment in cinema. Sydow went on to appear in a total of 11 Bergman films. In The Magician ( Ansiktet , 1958), Sydow starred as Vogler, a 19th-century traveling illusionist who remains silent for most of

602-705: A fanatic missionary in Hawaii (1966). For his performance in Hawaii , Sydow received his first Golden Globe nomination. To his own frustration, however, Sydow would become frequently cast in villainous roles, such as a neo-Nazi aristocrat in The Quiller Memorandum (1966), a Russian colonel in The Kremlin Letter (1970), a meticulous and elegant international assassin in Three Days of

688-571: A game of chess. He appeared in eleven films directed by Bergman, including Wild Strawberries (1957), The Virgin Spring (1960), Through a Glass Darkly (1961), Winter Light (1963), Shame (1968), and The Touch (1971). Von Sydow made his American film debut as Jesus Christ in the Biblical epic film The Greatest Story Ever Told (1965) and went on to star in films such as Hawaii (1966), The Exorcist (1973), Three Days of

774-559: A grant to young, promising actors. In 1955, Sydow moved to Malmö and joined the Malmö City Theatre , whose chief director at the time was Ingmar Bergman . Sydow had previously sought to play a small part in Bergman's Prison ( Fängelse , 1949), but the director rejected the proposition. Bergman and Sydow's first film was The Seventh Seal ( Det sjunde inseglet , 1957), in which Sydow portrayed Antonius Block,

860-399: A large presence in Lund but their offices closed in 2010. The site was re-developed as a research park named Medicon Village . As of 2016 over 1,200 people worked in more than 100 organisations based at Medicon Village. Max von Sydow Max von Sydow ( / f ɒ n ˈ s iː d oʊ / , ; born Carl Adolf von Sydow ; 10 April 1929 – 8 March 2020) was a Swedish actor. He had

946-488: A long time, and some winters are virtually free of snow. The population of the city has increased steadily over the last century. Of the inhabitants of the municipality, 18.8% were reported to have been born outside of Sweden in 2014. Lund University students make up a significant part of the city's population. Lund is governed by Lund Municipality. The municipality is responsible for the city of Lund, nearby settlements including Dalby , Södra Sandby and Veberöd , and

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1032-489: A public park between 1909 and 1911. The park contains planted gardens, a small lake, a children's playground and bandstands , as well as the public swimming center Högevallsbadet and the former buildings of Lund Observatory . It also has a menagerie that houses different varieties of birds. Other significant areas of greenery in the city include the Botanical Garden (Botaniska trädgården) and Sankt Hans Hill in

1118-638: A role he had first played in Sweden three decades before. In the 1980s, in addition to Flash Gordon and Never Say Never Again , Sydow appeared in John Milius 's Conan the Barbarian (1982), Jan Troell 's Flight of the Eagle (1982), Rick Moranis 's & Dave Thomas 's Strange Brew (1983), David Lynch 's Dune (1984) and Woody Allen 's Hannah and Her Sisters (1986). In 1985, Sydow

1204-403: A script from Bergman. In 1996, Sydow made his final appearance in a Bergman film, Private Confessions , directed by Liv Ullmann and written by Bergman. In 1997, Sydow played Nobel Prize-winning Norwegian novelist and Nazi sympathizer Knut Hamsun in the biopic Hamsun . Throughout the rest of the 1990s, Sydow also appeared in films such as Father (1990), Awakenings (1990), Until

1290-512: A student theatre group since 1886. A substantial part of the student night-life is located at student fraternities called 'Nations'. Lund Cathedral, the former Catholic and the now Lutheran cathedral in Lund, is the seat of the bishop of Lund of the Church of Sweden. Lund also has a city theatre (though without a professional local ensemble of its own) and a number of other places for concerts and theatres. Numerous prominent figures from

1376-705: A television adaptation of the Ring of the Nibelung saga. The show set ratings records and was later released in the United States as Dark Kingdom: The Dragon King . In 2007, he starred in the box-office hit Rush Hour 3 as one of the antagonists opposite Jackie Chan and Chris Tucker , and played the father of the protagonist in The Diving Bell and the Butterfly , Julian Schnabel 's adaptation of

1462-421: A total of seven bus lines. A survey carried out on behalf of Region Skåne in 2015 found that 11% of Lund residents used the bus network regularly. Plans to initiate a nearly 6 km (3.7 mi) tram network to achieve faster and higher-capacity public transport between Lund Central Station and many of the largest work-places in the city were approved in 2015. The entire construction now stands finished and

1548-416: Is exemplified by the work of Fritiof Nilsson Piraten and Frank Heller . The spex are a form of student theatre particular to Nordic universities, with a strong tradition in Lund. They are parodistic musical plays, often setting well-known music to new lyrics and mixing up the historical and the present in unconventional intrigues. Comedians Hans Alfredson and Anders Jansson started their careers in

1634-407: Is one of Sweden's few rugby clubs. Lund has a boxing association called Lunds Boxningssällskap . Lund is a railway junction and is well served by rail traffic. The main railway station, Lund Central , is Sweden's third busiest railway station, with around 37 000 passengers per day as of 2013 . Another, smaller station serves the suburb of Gunnesbo in the north-west of the city. Lund has been on

1720-614: Is the multi-lane northern ring road which also passes through the city limits. There are also other connections to most major roads in the area, for example the E6 via Riksväg 16, and the Länsväg 108 which connects to the E65 . Lund is served by Copenhagen Airport , the largest airport in the Nordic countries, which can be reached by frequent direct trains in about 35 minutes. The second airport in

1806-498: Is the oldest school in Scandinavia. Today it is a high gymnasium with about 1,400 students studying in five different programmes. Östervångskolan is a specialskola (special school) for deaf and hard of hearing students, providing education in Swedish and Swedish Sign Language. It accepts students from Skåne and surrounding areas. The school was founded in 1871 as Skånes Anstalt för Döfstumma i Lund (Skåne's Institute for

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1892-622: The 61st Academy Awards ; the film won Best Foreign Language Film as Denmark's official Oscar entry. In 1988, Sydow made his only directorial foray with Katinka , a film based on the Herman Bang novel, Ved Vejen . The film won the Guldbagge Awards for Best Film and Best Director but was not widely seen outside Sweden. In 1989, Sydow appeared in the television film Red King, White Knight , for which he received his first Primetime Emmy Award nomination. He also supplied

1978-895: The Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in five out of six years between 1957 and 1962. Under Bergman, Sydow also continued his stage career, playing Brick in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof , Peer in Peer Gynt , Alceste in The Misanthrope and Faust in Urfaust . In his company were Gunnar Björnstrand , Ingrid Thulin, Bibi Andersson and Gunnel Lindblom , all frequent collaborators of Bergman on screen. Despite his rising profile, Sydow limited his work exclusively to Sweden early in his career, constantly refusing offers to work outside

2064-975: The HBO series Game of Thrones as the Three-eyed Raven . For his performance, Sydow received his second Primetime Emmy Award nomination. In addition to his film and television work, Sydow also made forays into video games. He voiced Esbern, a mentor of the protagonist in The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim (2011), and narrated the game's debut trailer. He also lent his voice to the 2009 game Ghostbusters: The Video Game and reprised his role as Lor San Tekka in Lego Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2016). In 2018, Sydow appeared in Thomas Vinterberg 's film Kursk , also known as The Command , based on

2150-532: The Middle Ages remain, including Lund Cathedral, Liberiet , St. Peter's Priory , the restaurant Stäket and Krognoshuset. Many of today's buildings in the centre were constructed in the late 1800s, including Katedralskolan , the Grand Hotel and the main building and library of Lund University. Lund city contains four main city squares that are connected by a number of roads and passages that represent

2236-799: The Norrköping - Linköping Municipal Theatre, appearing in nine plays including Peer Gynt . In 1953, he moved on to the City Theatre in Hälsingborg (Helsingborg), playing eleven parts in a two-year stint, including Prospero in The Tempest and the title role of the Pirandello play Henry IV . Sydow's theatrical work won him critical recognition, and in 1954 he received the Royal Foundation of Sweden's Cultural Award,

2322-566: The Southern Main Line , which connects Malmö and Stockholm, since it opened in 1856. The West Coast Line to Gothenburg branches off the Southern Main Line just north of Lund Central station. Thus there are direct services to all of Sweden's three largest cities, as well as to Copenhagen and Helsingør via the Öresund Bridge . Rail services to Denmark, and within Scania and neighbouring counties, are mainly provided by

2408-610: The Svanholm Singers . Since 2006, Lund has been the host of the biannual Lund International Choral Festival. Classical orchestras based in the city include the Lund City Orchestra, the Academic Orchestra and Lund New Chamber Orchestra. In more recent decades, Lund has also developed a lively pop and jazz scene. The cultural venue Mejeriet opened in 1987 in a former dairy building just outside

2494-587: The Øresundståg . These trains are operated jointly by Skånetrafiken in Scania and the Danish State Railways in Denmark. Longer distance services, notably to Stockholm, are provided by SJ . Local traffic is served by the Pågatåg electric multiple units, which provide stopping services within Scania. Lund has been praised for its cycling infrastructure . There are 4,800 bike parking spaces in

2580-472: The 1980s and Värpinge in the 1990s. Lund is located in Sweden's largest agricultural district, in the south-west of Scania, less than ten kilometres (6.2 miles) from the sandy shore of the Öresund Strait. Its location on the south-facing slope of the Romeleåsen horst leads to the city rising from the low-lying Höje River in the south to 86 metres (282 feet) above mean sea level in the north. From

2666-483: The 1980s, the city was thought to have been founded around 1020 by either Sweyn I Forkbeard or his son Canute the Great of Denmark. The area was then part of the kingdom of Denmark. However, recent archaeological discoveries suggest that the first settlement dated to c.  990 , possibly the relocation of settlers at Uppåkra . The Uppåkra settlement dates back to the first century B.C. and its remains are at

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2752-630: The Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Lund , and the towering Lund Cathedral , built c.  1090 –1145, still stands at the centre of the town. Denmark ceded the city to Sweden in the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658, and its status as part of Sweden was again confirmed in following peace treaties. Lund University , established in 1666, is one of Scandinavia 's oldest and largest institutions for education and research. The university and its buildings dominate much of

2838-650: The Condor (1975), Flash Gordon (1980), Conan the Barbarian (1982) and the James Bond adaptation Never Say Never Again (1983). He also appeared in supporting roles in Dune (1984), Hannah and Her Sisters (1986), Awakenings (1990), Minority Report (2002), The Diving Bell and the Butterfly (2007), Shutter Island (2010), Robin Hood (2010), and Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015). He portrayed

2924-649: The Condor (1975), Emperor Ming the Merciless in Flash Gordon (1980) and James Bond's nemesis Ernst Stavro Blofeld in Never Say Never Again (1983). In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Sydow was often paired with Liv Ullmann in Bergman films. In 1968's Hour of the Wolf ( Vargtimmen ), Sydow played an artist living on an isolated island with his pregnant wife, played by Ullmann. In

3010-541: The Deaf and Mute in Lund) and had its premises on Östervångsvägen until 2016 when it relocated to Tunaskolan . The International School of Lund Katedralskolan (ISLK) later moved to the Östervångsvägen site. The Royal Swedish Physiographic Society is a learned society based in Lund. The culture in Lund is characterised by the university education and research, and the large student population and student traditions, such as

3096-812: The End of the World (1991), Needful Things (1993), Judge Dredd (1995) and Snow Falling on Cedars (1999). For his performance in Father , Sydow won the Australian Film Institute Best Actor Award . In 2002, Sydow acted in one of his biggest commercial successes, playing the PreCrime director opposite Tom Cruise in Steven Spielberg 's science fiction thriller Minority Report . In 2004, Sydow appeared in

3182-550: The Great . Lund became the see of one of seven dioceses in 1048. In 1104 it became an archbishopric. Lund's ecclesiastical province comprised Scandinavia and even Garðar on Greenland. The diocese of nearby Dalby was absorbed in 1066. Lund Cathedral was similarly founded in or shortly after 1103. In 1152, the Norwegian archdiocese of Nidaros was founded as a separate province of the church, independent of Lund. In 1164 Sweden also acquired an archbishop of its own, although he

3268-467: The Lund Market Hall, has many restaurants, food trucks and bars around it and serves as a market square during the daytime. In earlier times the square was used as a cattle market and was known as "Oxtorget". Smaller city squares in Lund include Domkyrkoplatsen, Petriplatsen, Västra stationstorget, Sockertorget and Knut den Stores Torg. Lund's most central park is Lundagård , which, along with

3354-593: The Lund spex. The concluding scenes in Ingmar Bergman 's classic film Wild Strawberries are set in Lund. The Lund International Architecture Film Festival is held annually in the autumn. Lund hosts the largest open-air museum of Scania, Kulturen . Kulturen is the second oldest dedicated open-air museum in the world. Founded in 1892 by Georg Karlin, it consists of more than 30 buildings, as well as collections exhibiting Scanian art, crafts, local archaeology and history. Several museums are attached to

3440-667: The Royal Dramatic Theatre, he helped start a theatre group, of which actress Ingrid Thulin was a member. He made his stage debut in a small part in the Goethe play Egmont , which he considered "almost a disaster," but received good reviews for his performance. While at the Royal Dramatic Theatre , Sydow made his screen debuts in Alf Sjöberg 's films Only a Mother ( Bara en mor , 1949) and Miss Julie ( Fröken Julie , 1951). In 1951, Sydow joined

3526-615: The adjoining University square, forms the centre of the University. The park is dominated by historic buildings including Lund Cathedral, Lund University Main Building , and Kungshuset . The trees of the park are home to a large colony of rooks . The much larger main city park (Stadsparken) is located in the south-west corner of the city center. The site was used for the Lund Exhibition in 1907 and subsequently developed into

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3612-601: The area, Malmö Airport , is located about 26 kilometres (16 miles) away and is mainly used for domestic flights. There also used to be a very small airstrip, Hasslanda Flygfält , to the south of Lund, mainly used for private and charter flights. The airstrip closed in 2008. Lund is a regional centre for high tech companies, several of which are based in the north-east of the city. Companies with offices in Lund include Sony Mobile Communications , Ericsson , Arm Holdings , and Microsoft . The Swedish telecommunications company Doro has its head office in Lund. Gambro , one of

3698-460: The centre of the city, and have led to Lund becoming a regional centre for high-tech industry. Lund is sometimes mentioned as the oldest town or city in present-day Sweden, although it has only been formally established as such for 300 years of its at least thousand-year history. It is old enough that its origins are unclear, and is presumed to have existed by the end of the Viking Age . Until

3784-495: The city as an independently operated subsidiary of Canon . Other important industries include pharmaceuticals , biotechnology , and publishing and library services. Skåne University Hospital and Lund University are major employers, with extensive research facilities. In particular, the Lund Institute of Technology has connections with the high tech industry in the city. A science park , Ideon Science Park ,

3870-488: The city park. It has hosted concerts by both well-known and emerging bands. The pop singer and television presenter Måns Zelmerlöw was born and grew up in Lund. Artists associated with Lund include DJ and record producer Axwell , rock musician Kal P. Dal , rapper Timbuktu , indie pop group The Radio Dept. , and singer and songwriter Amanda Jenssen . The music venue Olympen , hosted many famous artists from 1971 to 2009. Lund's handball team, LUGI HF plays in both

3956-525: The country. He was first approached at the 1959 Cannes Film Festival to act in U.S. films, but refused the proposition, saying that he was "content in Sweden" and "had no intention of starting an international career". He also refused the opportunity to play the title role for Dr. No (1962) and Captain von Trapp in The Sound of Music (1965). In 1965, Sydow finally accepted George Stevens 's offer and made his international debut, playing Christ in

4042-517: The epic The Greatest Story Ever Told . He accepted the part against the advice of Bergman, spent six months at the University of California, Los Angeles , preparing for the role, and adopted a Mid-Atlantic accent . The film introduced Sydow to a wider audience, but ultimately performed below expectations at the box office. He went on to play a crop-dusting pilot in The Reward (1965) and

4128-477: The evenings. The carnival revues and other stage entertainments have launched a number of well-known entertainers and actors over the years. Lund has long been a regional centre for classical and church music. In particular, Lund is renowned for its vibrant amateur choir scene, with choirs such as Carolinae damkör, Domkyrkokören, Katedralkören, Lunds akademiska kör, Lund Chamber Choir (Swedish: Lunds Kammarkör ), Lunds Studentsångförening , Lunds vokalensemble, and

4214-565: The film Hawaii . The couple divorced in 1979. Von Sydow married French documentarian Catherine Brelet in 1997 and adopted Brelet's two adult sons, Cédric and Yvan, from her previous marriage. Sydow relocated to Paris following his marriage to Brelet. In 2002, he became a citizen of France, at which time he had to relinquish his Swedish citizenship. Sydow was reported to be either an agnostic or an atheist . In 2012, he told Charlie Rose in an interview that Ingmar Bergman had told him he would contact him after death to show him that there

4300-577: The film. In The Virgin Spring ( Jungfrukällan , 1960), he played a medieval landowner who takes vengeance on the men who raped and murdered his daughter. In Through a Glass Darkly ( Såsom i en spegel , 1961), he portrayed the husband of a schizophrenic woman, played by Harriet Andersson . During this period, he also had roles in films including Wild Strawberries ( Smultronstället , 1957), Brink of Life ( Nära livet , 1958) and Winter Light ( Nattvardsgästerna , 1963). Films starring Sydow were submitted by Sweden for

4386-427: The key companies in the development of the artificial kidney , was founded in Lund in 1964 and retains a significant presence in the city. Alfa Laval , the international manufacturer of heat exchangers and separators, have a factory in Lund, and Tetra Pak have their headquarters and part of production in town. Network video camera maker Axis Communications was founded in Lund in 1984 and maintains its headquarters in

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4472-477: The literary world lived and worked in Lund, often in association with the university and theatre. Prominent examples include Esias Tegnér, writer, poet and bishop, and August Strindberg , playwright, novelist and poet. A longer list is given below with other notable natives. The Lund novel is a genre in its own right, a bildungsroman in which a young student experiences life in Lund, Copenhagen and sometimes Österlen whilst maturing as an individual. The Lund novel

4558-400: The main antagonist Leland Gaunt (The Devil) in the film adaptation of Stephen King's Needful Things (1993). In 2016, he portrayed the Three-eyed Raven in the HBO fantasy series Game of Thrones , for which he was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series . Von Sydow received the Royal Foundation of Sweden's Cultural Award in 1954, was made

4644-508: The main city centre containing numerous restaurants, shops and bars. Clemenstorget is a tree-covered city square located alongside the railway and associated station, hosts a small market and is the central terminus of the city's tramway. Bantorget is a green park-square close to the central station and Lund's Grand Hotel is placed there. The city hall is located on the main city square - Stortorget which often features concerts and various cultural and political events. Mårtenstorget hosts

4730-425: The mayor and chairman of the executive committee ( kommunstyrelsens ordförande ) has been Philip Sandberg of the Liberals . The university dominates much of the centre of Lund. It was founded in 1666 following the transfer of Scania to Sweden under the Treaty of Roskilde and is the second-oldest university in Sweden after Uppsala University . Its traditional centre is in Lundagård park but stretches out towards

4816-454: The memoir by Jean-Dominique Bauby . In 2009, Sydow appeared in the drama series The Tudors . In 2010, Sydow played a sinister German doctor in Martin Scorsese 's Shutter Island , and Robin Hood's blind stepfather Sir Walter Loxley in Ridley Scott 's Robin Hood . He received his second Academy Award nomination for his performance as a mute elderly renter in Stephen Daldry 's Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close (2011), based on

4902-401: The men's and women's top leagues. Lund hosted matches from the 2011 Handball World Championship in the Sparbanken Skåne Arena. Lund has a chess team, Lunds ASK , that for decades has been among the top teams in Sweden. Lund has two Division 1 football clubs, Torns IF and Lunds BK . It is also the birthplace of the online football manager game Hattrick . Lugi Rugbyklubb , based in Lund,

4988-589: The mid-nineteenth century: traditional accounts say it originated at a wedding in 1849 (the four-year intervals place the party in 2002, 2006, 2010, etc.). Arranged by the students of the university, from the 1950s onwards the event has grown in size and intensity (with some 5,500 volunteers 2010), but it remains an amateur event. Midway between a music and stage fair, a city festival, and an outpouring of satire, parody and general madness. Some students dress up in costumes, often relating to and poking fun at current issues, and parade in wagons. Others perform humorous skits in

5074-401: The motorway network since 1953 when the E22 was opened between Lund and Malmö. The E22 was the first motorway in Sweden, and was originally built around the edge of the town; however following the expansion of the suburbs out to the east in the latter half of the 20th century it now passes through the city. The E22 forms the main north-south trunk route through Lund. The largest east-west road

5160-694: The nature preserve Billebjer and the Dalby quarry (Dalby stenbrott) in the eastern countryside of the city. Lund, like the rest of far southern Sweden, has an oceanic climate . The climate is relatively mild compared to other locations at similar latitudes, or even somewhat further south, mainly because of its proximity to the sea. Because of Lund's northerly latitude, daylight lasts as long as 17 hours at midsummer, and only around 7 hours in mid-winter. Summers are warm and pleasant with average high temperatures of 23 °C (73 °F) and lows of around 14 °C (57 °F), but temperatures often exceed 25 °C (77 °F) and heat waves are common during

5246-454: The north east of the city where the large engineering faculty is located. Today, Lund University is one of northern Europe's largest, with eight faculties, 41,000 students and over 2,000 separate courses. It is and has consistently ranked in the world top 100 universities and is a member of the League of European Research Universities as well as the global Universitas 21 network. Katedralskolan (Lund Cathedral School) founded in 1085,

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5332-417: The north of the city. The nature preserve Rinnebäck Gorge (Rinnebäcksravinen), The Källby dams (Källby dammar) and the community park Folkparken are located in the western part of the city. The nature preserve Nöbbelövs Marshland (Nöbbelövs mosse) is located in the northwest of the city. Popular places for swimming close to the city are the beaches in neighboring Lomma , Bjärred and Malmö and lakes such as

5418-450: The novel by Jonathan Safran Foer . In April 2013, Sydow was honored at the Turner Classic Movie (TCM) Festival in Hollywood, with screenings of two of his classic films, Three Days of the Condor and The Seventh Seal . In March 2014, Sydow provided the voice of an art forger named in The War of Art episode of The Simpsons . In 2015, he played the explorer Lor San Tekka in Star Wars: The Force Awakens . In 2016, he joined

5504-407: The present site of the village of Uppåkra. King Sweyn I Forkbeard moved Lund to its present location, a distance of some five kilometres (3.1 miles). The new location of Lund, on a hill and across a ford , gave the new site considerable defensive advantages in comparison with Uppåkra, situated on the highest point of a large plain. The organisation of the Danish church begun under the rule of Canute

5590-466: The role in the film's sequel, Exorcist II: The Heretic (1977). In 1977, Sydow made his Broadway debut alongside Eileen Atkins and Bibi Andersson in Per Olov Enquist 's The Night of the Tribades , a play about the writer August Strindberg . In 1981, he starred with Anne Bancroft in the Tom Kempinski play Duet for One about the cellist Jacqueline du Pré . Sydow made his British stage debut at The Old Vic in 1988 as Prospero in The Tempest ,

5676-422: The same year, the two appeared in the drama Shame ( Skammen ), about a couple (both former musicians) living on a farm on an island during a war. Sydow and Ullmann returned for the 1969 Bergman film The Passion of Anna ( En passion ). In 1971 and 1972, Sydow again starred alongside Ullmann in the Jan Troell epic duology, The Emigrants ( Utvandrarna ) The New Land ( Nybyggarna ),

5762-407: The second half of the 20th century the population of Lund more than doubled, driven in large part by the growth of the university and high tech industries. For example, Tetra Pak , the food packaging and processing company, was founded in Lund in 1952. Suburbs were added to the outer edges of the city: Klostergården, Norra Fäladen and Linero in the 1960s, Norra Nöbbelöv in the 1970s, Gunnesbo in

5848-479: The story of a Swedish peasant family that emigrates to America in the mid-19th century. In 1971, Sydow starred in The Touch , Bergman's first English-language film, playing a doctor whose wife is having an affair. In 1973, Sydow appeared in one of his most commercially successful films, William Friedkin 's The Exorcist (1973). He played Father Lankester Merrin , the film's titular Jesuit priest, which earned him his second Golden Globe nomination. He reprised

5934-443: The summer. Winters are quite chilly, with temperatures steady between −1 and 3 °C (30 and 37 °F). Lund has arguably the mildest climate of the country in average highs. In terms of yearly means and average lows Falsterbo is marginally milder. Rainfall is light to moderate throughout the year with an average of 169 wet days. Snowfall occurs sparingly, mainly from December to March, but snow cover does not typically remain for

6020-411: The surrounding countryside. It reached its current form in 1974 following the absorption of a number of nearby municipalities. In 2014 the city itself was officially divided into 14 administrative divisions. The municipality is governed by a municipal assembly ( kommunfullmäktige ) of 65 members, who elect a municipal executive committee ( kommunstyrelse ) of 13 members. Since October 2018

6106-489: The top of the Sankt Hans Hill it is possible to see Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark. The nearest large Swedish city, Malmö , is about 15 kilometres (9.3 miles) to the south-west. Other Swedish cities are more distant: Gothenburg is 250 kilometres (160 miles) away, the capital Stockholm is 600 kilometres (370 miles) distant, and Umeå lies 1,200 kilometres (750 miles) to the north. The central part of Lund largely retains its medieval street layout. A few buildings from

6192-442: The town, including a multi-storey facility at the railway station, over 260 km (162 mi) of cyclepaths and cycle lanes, and 43% of journeys within the city take place by bicycle. There has been no increase in car usage for the past 10 years. Since 2019, the bus network in Lund has been licensed to the company Vy Buss , overseen by Skånetrafiken. They operate green-coloured buses which are electric. The busses run on

6278-631: The tram line is slated to thrown open to the public on December 13, 2020. The 15-minute tram ride connects Lund Central Station with the hospital , Lund University (LTH), Ideon Science Park , the new upcoming district of Brunnshög, the MAX IV synchrotron light source, and, the European Spallation Source . Long-term plans to extend this network to the suburban towns of Bjärred (via Öresundsvägen), Dalby, Staffanstorp and Södra Sandby have been shelved. Lund has been connected to

6364-718: The true story of the Kursk submarine disaster . His final role was in Nicholas Dimitropoulos ' war drama Echoes of the Past (2021). He portrayed Nicolas Andreou, one of the last living survivors of the Kalavryta massacre of 1943 committed by Nazi troops during the Axis occupation of Greece . Max von Sydow married actress Christina Inga Britta Olin in 1951. They had two sons, Clas and Henrik, who appeared with him in

6450-597: The university. The Lund University Historical Museum is based in the Lundagård park. Its exhibitions were updated in 2018 and cover the history, archeology and zoology of Scania. There is a separate Lund Cathedral museum. The Museum of Sketches for Public Art is a unique museum that documents the development of public artworks. The Vattenhallen Science Center, connected to the university's engineering faculty, has an interactive presentation of science and research. The Lund carnival has been held every four years since

6536-474: The voice for Vigo the Carpathian in the 1989 film, Ghostbusters II . Sydow and Bergman did not work together for an extended period. A part in Bergman's Fanny and Alexander (1982) was specifically written for Sydow, but his agent demanded too large a salary. Sydow came to regret missing out on the role. The two did eventually reunite in 1991 with The Best Intentions , directed by Bille August with

6622-489: Was a life after death. When Rose asked Sydow if he had heard from Bergman, he replied that he had but chose not to elaborate further on the exact meaning of this statement. In the same interview, he described himself as a doubter in his youth but stated this doubt was gone and indicated he came to agree with Bergman's belief in the afterlife. Max von Sydow died on 8 March 2020 at his home in Provence , France at age 90. He

6708-562: Was a member of the jury at the 35th Berlin International Film Festival . In the 1987 Bille August film Pelle the Conqueror , Sydow portrayed an impoverished Swedish labourer who brought his son to Denmark to try to build a better life for themselves. The role won him international acclaim and is often considered one of the best roles in his career. For his performance, Sydow received a Best Actor nomination at

6794-500: Was added later to the family name), emigrated from Pomerania to the Kalmar region in 1724. His mother was also of part- Pomeranian descent. Sydow was raised as a Lutheran , but became an agnostic in the 1970s. Sydow attended Lund Cathedral School , where he learned English at an early age. Originally expected to pursue a career in law, he became interested in acting after seeing a production of A Midsummer Night's Dream during

6880-616: Was again confirmed by another treaty in 1720. Scandinavia's first University, the Academy of Lund was founded in the 1400s. It was suppressed during the Danish Reformation in 1537. The present Lund University was established in 1666. In 1943, during the Second World War, Lund was accidentally bombed by a British aircraft. No deaths were reported, though some people were injured by glass fragments. Over

6966-525: Was ceded to Sweden in 1658 as part of the terms of the Treaty of Roskilde . It was recaptured by Denmark in 1676 during the early phases of the Scanian War . The exceptionally bloody Battle of Lund was fought just north of the city in 1676, and ended in a decisive Swedish victory; Swedish control of Scania was confirmed in the Peace of Lund later that year. Sweden's control over Scania, and hence Lund,

7052-446: Was founded in 1983 as a collaboration between Lund University, Lund Municipality and Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB. As of 2016 it hosts about 350 companies, employing 2,700 people. Many of these are high tech companies that have ties to the university. The 2010s have seen the development of two major research facilities in Lund, both in collaboration with the university. MAX IV is the world's most brilliant synchrotron light source and

7138-403: Was known as Färs och Frosta Sparbanken Arena or FFS Arena for short. It was renamed following the merger of Färs och Frosta Sparbank into Sparbanken Skåne . This article about a Swedish sports venue is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Lund Archeologists date the founding of Lund to around 990, when Scania was part of Denmark . From 1103 it was the seat of

7224-662: Was nominally subordinate to the archbishop of Lund. It is still, as the diocese of Lund , a diocese in the Church of Sweden . Lund Cathedral School (Katedralskolan) was founded in 1085 by the Danish king Canute the Saint . This is the oldest school in Scandinavia and one of the oldest in Northern Europe. Many prominent people were educated there, among them the actor Max von Sydow and several high-ranking politicians. Lund

7310-527: Was nominated for two Academy Awards , for his performances in Bille August 's Pelle the Conqueror (1987) and Stephen Daldry 's Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close (2011). At the age of 82, von Sydow was one of the oldest Oscar acting nominees. He also received two Golden Globe Awards nominations as well as two Primetime Emmy Awards nominations. In 1982 he received the Best Actor prize at

7396-407: Was nominated for two  Academy Awards : for  Best Actor  for Pelle the Conqueror (1987) and for Best Supporting Actor for Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close (2011). Von Sydow was first noticed internationally for playing the 14th-century knight Antonius Block in Ingmar Bergman 's The Seventh Seal (1957), which features iconic scenes of his character challenging Death to

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