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106-704: The Club was originally founded in 1852 as the Harvard Chapter of the Zeta Psi Fraternity . After severing ties with the national fraternity in 1914, the Club officially changed its name to the Spee Club of Harvard. In the fall of 1965, the club became the first Harvard final club to accept an African-American member. The club's mascot is a bear. The Spee Club was founded as the Eighth (or Rho) Chapter

212-542: A royal charter on the advice of the Lord Chancellor of Ireland Adam Loftus , it is Ireland's oldest university and was modelled after the collegiate universities of both Oxford and Cambridge , with whom it shares a symbiotic history. The epithets "Trinity College Dublin" and "University of Dublin" are usually considered as synonyms, as only one such college was ever established in Ireland. The university

318-515: A writ of mandamus requiring the case to be adjudicated by the Archbishop of Dublin and the Primate of Ireland . The decision of Richard Whately and John George de la Poer Beresford was that Heron would remain excluded from Scholarship. This decision confirmed that persons who were not Anglicans (Presbyterians were also affected) could not be elected to Scholarship or Fellowship or be made

424-488: A "simple, comfortable wooden house with a broad piazza overlooking the pear orchard and a stable nearby for the members' horses." As the Club's presence grew, a third property was acquired and the members erected a building, designed by Guy Lowell , at 15 Holyoke Street. On 9 March 1931, a large fire swept the building of the Holyoke Street Clubhouse destroying the top floor banquet hall and key rooms in

530-894: A graduate of either Oxford, Cambridge or Dublin can be conferred the equivalent degree ( Oxon, Cantab et Dubl ) at either of the other two without further examination. The Library of Trinity College is a legal deposit for Ireland and the United Kingdom . It is the largest library in the country and has housed the Book of Kells since 1661 and the Brian Boru harp since 1782. The university has produced many eminent poets, playwrights, authors, novelists and filmmakers, including Oscar Wilde ( The Happy Prince ) , Jonathan Swift ( Gulliver's Travels ) , Sheridan Le Fanu ( Carmilla ) , Bram Stoker ( Dracula ) , Oliver Goldsmith ( The Vicar of Wakefield ) , William Congreve ( The Way of

636-704: A herb garden on the main campus, is located in Dartry , around four kilometres south of the main campus, and it also owns a large set of residences on the Dartry Road , in Rathmines , called Trinity Hall . A new physic or herb garden was opened in 2011, and there are also small gardens in the space known as Botany Bay and at the rear of the Provost's House. In November 2018, Trinity announced plans, estimated at €230 million, to develop university research facilities on

742-625: A matter of controversy, given George Berkeley 's history as a slave trader, leading to a petition for renaming from the Students Union. In August 2022, incoming Student Union President Gabi Fullam announced that the Students Union would refer to the library as the "X Library" in all official communications pending renaming. In April 2023, Trinity College announced that it would dename the Berkeley Library, and in October 2024 it

848-592: A metropolitan area. Active geographical associations (as of 2006) Trinity College Dublin Trinity College Dublin ( Irish : Coláiste na Tríonóide, Bhaile Átha Cliath ), officially titled The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin , is the sole constituent college of the University of Dublin , Ireland . Founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I who issued

954-400: A name in a strict order of alphabetization, a petitioning colony that receives a charter chooses a name for their chapter. From this point on, the name is fixed. Even if the chapter goes inactive—in that it has no undergraduate members—the name will be taken up by any group that re-establishes a chapter at that university campus. The name can be based on many different factors. For instance, it

1060-434: A new Greek-letter society in a New York City bungalow. The three men formed the core of the first chapter, Phi , but William Dayton was stricken with poor health and left New York shortly afterward for the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill . Dayton died within the year. The Phi chapter at NYU persisted in his absence and graduated its first member the next year with George S Woodhull (Φ '48). The second chapter

1166-573: A new university, which on account of Trinity College would be part Anglican. Ultimately this episode led to the creation of the National University of Ireland . Trinity College was one of the targets of the Volunteer and Citizen Army forces during the 1916 Easter Rising but was successfully defended by a small number of unionist students, most of whom were members of the university Officers' Training Corps . From July 1917 to March 1918

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1272-467: A number of buildings nearby in central Dublin, as well as an enterprise centre near Ringsend and a botanic garden in Dartry . Patrick Wyse Jackson, curator of the Geological Museum at Trinity, assessed the architectural merits of the entrance and entry buildings in 1993: "The imposing entrance to Trinity College, consisting of a central area flanked by two square pavilions, was built in

1378-479: A period, graduation required the taking of an oath that was objectionable to them. In 1793, this requirement was removed but certain restrictions on membership of the college remained, as professorships, fellowships and scholarships were reserved for Protestants. During the 18th century, Trinity College was seen as the university of the Protestant Ascendancy . The Parliament of Ireland , meeting on

1484-424: A professor. But within three decades of this, all disabilities imposed on Catholics were repealed. In 1873, all religious tests, except for those relating to entry to the divinity school , were abolished by an Act of Parliament. Just prior to the full repeal of limitations on Catholic attendance, in 1871, Irish Catholic bishops, responding to the increased ease with which Catholics could attend an institution which

1590-468: A similar organizational structure to the active chapter, with Greek-letter officers and a supreme council. There are only six Greek-letter officers in the elder chapter that act as its executive. Elder chapters are also required to hold annual chapter meetings to serve as a legislative body. The Supreme Council is the chapter's only judicial body. It has authority to rule on almost any matter and its proceedings. It may hear appeals and rule on matters from

1696-679: A site in Grand Canal Dock as part of an "Innovation District" for the area. These plans were later scaled back. In addition to College Park, Botany Bay and other on-campus facilities, the college also owns sports grounds in Santry and Crumlin, and a boathouse in Islandbridge. Trinity is governed in accordance with amended versions of the Letters Patent of Elizabeth I, as well as various other statutes. On several occasions

1802-549: A testament to the heroic spirit in man and are treasured still by the brethren of Zeta Psi as the hallowed words of a brother whose time long ago passed. The 19-year-old engineering student from McGill, brother Frederick Fisher was the first Canadian to win the Victoria Cross in the war, the highest British award for valour, for his determined stand at the Second Battle of Ypres . Like so many who win this medal,

1908-814: A trade was made and the Spee became the owner of a larger plot at 76 Mount Auburn St. Part of the land was previously owned by the old Institute of 1770 . The building was designed by William T. Aldrich , the architect renowned for the design of such buildings including the Colony Club , the Knickerbocker Club , the Marine Air Terminal , The Brook , the Union Club , and the Walters Art Museum . The opening dinner commemorating

2014-426: A tranquil collegiate atmosphere despite its location in the centre of a capital city (and despite its being one of Dublin's most prominent tourist attractions). This is, in large part, due to the enclosed and compact design of the college, with the main buildings looking inwards, largely arranged in quadrangles (called squares), and the existence of only a few public entrances. In addition to the core campus, Trinity owns

2120-559: A visitor programme. In 2021, Linda Doyle was elected the first woman provost, succeeding Patrick Prendergast. In 2024 students set up an encampment outside the Book of Kells Museum regarding the university's ties to Israel. After five nights of protests, the administration declared that it would not renew its business relationships with Israeli companies, and the last contract will expire in March 2025. The main site of Trinity College retains

2226-666: Is a legal deposit library (as per Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003 ) for the United Kingdom, and has a similar standing in Irish law. The college is therefore legally entitled to a copy of every book published in Great Britain and Ireland, and consequently receives over 100,000 new items every year. The library contains about five million books, including 30,000 current serials and significant collections of manuscripts, maps, and printed music. Three million books are held in

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2332-719: Is common for new chapters to take on an element from an existing chapter that has helped them form. Theta Xi in Toronto adopted the Xi from their neighbor chapter in Michigan , and in turn chapters in Ontario started adding "Theta" as part of their name from their relationship to the Toronto chapter. There are now many chapters in Ontario and there is no pre-requisite to have a Theta in

2438-679: Is dominated by the identical Corinthian fronts, in Leinster Granite and Portland Stone, of the Chapel on the left and the Examination Hall on the right. Further into the square on the left-hand side is the Dining Hall, restored after a fire in 1984. For reasons unknown, until 1870 the clock in the portico was set fifteen minutes after Dublin time." The main college grounds are approximately 190,000 m (47 acres), including

2544-592: Is older, featuring the Campanile , as well as many fine buildings, including the Chapel and Examination Hall (designed by Sir William Chambers ), Graduates Memorial Building , Museum Building , and the Rubrics (the sole surviving section of the original 17th-century quadrangle), all spread across the college's five squares. The Provost's House sits a little way up from the College Front Gate such that

2650-573: Is the annual publication of the fraternity. The corresponding secretary has the duty of filing a report for The Circle every year. The Circle was preceded by other periodic publications that were unsuccessful. These publications were "The Zeta Psi Monthly" published in 1883; "The Zeta Psi Quarterly" published from 1884 to 1886; and "The Bulletin of the Zeta Psi Fraternity of North America" first published in 1897. Published in 1928, with two later editions, The Story of Zeta Psi contains

2756-607: The Irish Times that certain state-funded County Council scholarships excluded Trinity College from the list of approved institutions. This, he suggested, amounted to religious discrimination, which was forbidden by the Constitution. It has been said of the period before Éire left the Commonwealth that "The overwhelming majority of the undergraduates were ex-unionists or, if from Northern Ireland, unionists. Loyalty to

2862-762: The Addenda to the Catalogue of the Zeta Psi Fraternity 1867-1874 was published to complement the 1867 edition of the Catalogue of the Zeta Psi Fraternity. In 1888, the title was changed to the Directory of the Zeta Psi Fraternity and contact information was added for members of the Fraternity. Later editions of The Directory were produced in 1889, 1893, 1910, 1912, 1913, 1916, 1922, 1926, 1932, 1953, 1987, 1992, and 1998. The Semicentennial Biographical Catalogue of

2968-621: The Alpha Psi and Theta Xi chapters at McGill and U Toronto. Even in 1914, they were already sending letters indicating their brothers were heading east across the sea to the war. In 1915, more than half the workers at the McGill Base Hospital were Zetes from Alpha Psi . By war's end, the two beleaguered chapters had sent two hundred of the brothers in defense of King and Country; 31 were never to return and many others came home wounded in body and spirit. Perhaps most noted among

3074-588: The Chi chapter ended in 1988. In the early 1980s, Colby College prohibited fraternities on campus, despite the long and storied tradition fraternities had enjoyed there. By 1988, the Chi chapter was ejected from campus and banned from any formal rush, quietly expiring after over 130 years of existence. Problems beset other early chapters as well. The first Alpha chapter was founded in 1852 at Dickinson College in Carlisle , Pennsylvania , but members met resistance from

3180-707: The Chief Secretary for Ireland proposed the reconstitution of the University of Dublin . A "Dublin University Defence Committee" was created and successfully campaigned against any change to the status quo, while the Catholic bishops' rejection of the idea ensured its failure among the Catholic population. Chief among the bishops' concerns was the remains of the Catholic University of Ireland, which would become subsumed into

3286-655: The Irish Convention met in the college in an attempt to address the political aftermath of the Easter Rising. (Subsequently, following the failure of the Convention to reach "substantial agreement", the Irish Free State was set up in 1922.) In the post-independence period, Trinity College suffered from a cool relationship with the new state. On 3 May 1955, the provost, A.J. McConnell, wrote in

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3392-674: The Lecky Library, attached to the Arts building; and the Ussher Library, which, opening in 2003, overlooks College Park and houses the Glucksman Map Library. The Glucksman Library contains half a million printed maps, the largest collection of cartographic materials in Ireland. This includes the first Ordnance Surveys of Ireland, conducted in the early 19th century. The name of the Berkeley Library recently became

3498-450: The Psi chapter at Cornell University, Songs of the Zeta Psi Fraternity contains a collection of songs about the Zeta Psi Fraternity. Later editions appeared in 1890, 1897, 1903, 1914, and 1958. The Chapter , a brief compilation of poems, was also written by members of the Zeta Psi Fraternity in 1869. Published in 1903, The Jubilee of the Zeta Psi Fraternity of North America is a record of

3604-543: The Reformation . After that, and some debate about a new university at St. Patrick's Cathedral, in 1592 a small group of Dublin citizens obtained a charter by way of letters patent from Queen Elizabeth incorporating Trinity College at the former site of the disbanded Augustinian Priory of All Hallows , immediately southeast of the city walls, provided by the Corporation of Dublin . The college's first provost

3710-659: The Zeta Psi fraternity in 1852. Harvard Faculty abolished all secret societies in 1857, forcing the Chapter to go underground. In 1882, the chapter was reestablished and its constitution drafted. Ten years later, with tensions building between the University and its fraternities, the members of the chapter ceased payment of national dues, surrendered their charter, and voted themselves as the Zeta Psi Club of Harvard. In

3816-425: The undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Admissions to the college are based exclusively on academic merit, with its courses in law, literature and humanities being highly selective. Trinity College Dublin is one of the seven ancient universities of Great Britain and Ireland, and it is a sister college to both St John's College, Cambridge , and Oriel College, Oxford . By incorporation ( Ad eundem ) ,

3922-448: The 1750s of Leinster Granite from Golden Hill, Co Wicklow, and Portland Stone was used for the architraves , swags , and Corinthian pilasters and half-columns... The masonry cost £27,000. Between 1990 and 1992 the central portion of the building was cleaned. Passing through the gateway one walks over a wooden floor of interlocking hexagonal setts (similar in pattern to the basaltic Giant's Causeway ), and into Parliament Square, which

4028-650: The 1950s, at the height of Archbishop McQuaid's efforts In 1944 Archbishop of Dublin John Charles McQuaid required Catholics in the Dublin archdiocese to obtain a special dispensation before entering the university, under threat of automatic excommunication . The ban was extended nationally at the Plenary Synod of Maynooth in August 1956. Despite this sectarianism, 1958 saw the first Catholic reach

4134-588: The 19th century was fertile ground for Zeta Psi. It took root at no fewer than fourteen colleges in those latter days: Omega was founded at University of Chicago in 1864; Pi at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1865; Lambda at Bowdoin College , 1867; Beta at University of Virginia , 1868; Psi at Cornell University , 1868; Iota at UC Berkeley, 1870; Gamma , first at the US Naval Academy in 1874, and then at Syracuse College in 1875 after

4240-546: The Board of Trinity as a Senior Fellow . In 1962 the School of Commerce and the School of Social Studies amalgamated to form the School of Business and Social Studies. In 1969 several schools and departments were grouped into Faculties as follows: Arts (Humanities and Letters); Business, Economic and Social Studies; Engineering and Systems Sciences; Health Sciences (since October 1977 all undergraduate teaching in dental science in

4346-558: The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin , is headed by the provost. Linda Doyle has been provost since August 2021. The terms " University of Dublin " and "Trinity College" are generally considered synonymous for all practical purposes. Trinity was originally founded using the model of the University of Oxford and University of Cambridge in England , which are collegiate universities that each comprise several quasi-independent colleges. In one sense,

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4452-520: The Crown was instinctive and they were proud to be British subjects and Commonwealth citizens", and that "The College still clung, so far as circumstances permitted, to its pre-Treaty loyalties, symbolized by the flying of the Union Jack on suitable occasions and a universal wearing of poppies on Armistice Day, the chapel being packed for the two minutes' silence followed by a lusty rendering of 'God Save

4558-462: The DIT obtained degree-granting powers of its own. The School of Pharmacy was established in 1977, and around the same time, the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine was transferred to University College Dublin in exchange for its Dental School. Student numbers increased sharply during the 1980s and 1990s, with total enrolment more than doubling, leading to pressure on resources and a subsequent investment programme. In 1991, Thomas Noel Mitchell became

4664-446: The Dublin area has been in Trinity College); and Science. In the late 1960s, there was a proposal for University College Dublin , of the National University of Ireland, to become a constituent college of a newly reconstituted University of Dublin. This plan, suggested by Brian Lenihan and Donogh O'Malley , was dropped after officials of both universities opposed it. In 1970 the Catholic Church lifted its ban on Catholics attending

4770-417: The First World War in foreign lands, and many did not return. Zeta Psi also provided the nation its first Assistant Secretary of War, Brother Benedict Crowell (Η '91), noted for his bold reorganization of civilian military control during World War I. Even after the war, Crowell remained politically powerful, and was later instrumental in engineering the repeal of National Prohibition . The official color of

4876-413: The General Secretary is assisted in his rounds by chapter consultants, whose function remains the same; and the Zeta Psi Educational Foundation was to be instituted within Brother Comstock's lifetime, though still in the future. Before Zeta Psi could turn to such collegiate concerns, war again threatened, and this time abroad. Though already inured to the horrors and trial that War would wreak upon her from

4982-400: The Greek letters Zeta and Psi and there shall be engraved upon it the letters O and A." The arms of the psi are also engraved, with a Roman fasces upon the right and a star upon the left. The badge is set with seven stones (usually pearl or jet ) along each of the bars of the zeta, for a total of twenty-one. > Each chapter of Zeta Psi chooses at its founding a patron saint to represent

5088-427: The House is actually on Grafton Street , one of the two principal shopping streets in the city, while its garden faces into the college. The Douglas Hyde Gallery , a contemporary art gallery, is in the college, as is the Samuel Beckett Theatre. It hosts national and international performances and is used by the Dublin International Theatre Festival, the Dublin Dance Festival, and The Fringe Festival, among others. During

5194-530: The King...". "But by the close of the 1960s... Trinity, with the overwhelming majority of its undergraduate population coming from the Republic, to a great extent conformed to local patterns". The School of Commerce was established in 1925, and the School of Social Studies in 1934. Also in 1934, the first female professor was appointed. Young men may loot, perjure and shoot And even have carnal knowledge. But however depraved, their souls will be saved If they don't go to Trinity College. —verse popular in

5300-408: The Naughton Institute on the college's Pearse Street side, includes an Innovation and Entrepreneurial hub, a 600-seat auditorium, "smart classrooms" with digital technology, and an "executive education centre". The near-zero energy building provides a link between the city and the main University grounds. Trinity also incorporates a number of buildings and facilities spread throughout the city, from

5406-451: The Old Library receives 600,000 visitors per year, making it Dublin's third-most visited tourist destination. In the 18th century, the college received the Brian Boru harp , one of the three surviving medieval Gaelic harps, and a national symbol of Ireland, now housed in the library. The buildings known as the college's BLU ( B erkeley L ecky U ssher) Arts library complex consist of the Berkeley Library in Fellow's Square, built in 1956;

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5512-403: The Trinity College Enterprise Centre some distance away, and buildings provide around 200,000 m of floor space, ranging from works of older architecture to more modern buildings. The college's main entrance is on College Green, and its grounds are bounded by Nassau and Pearse Streets. The college is bisected by College Park , which has both a cricket and a rugby pitch. The college's western side

5618-490: The World ) , Samuel Beckett ( Waiting for Godot ) , Sally Rooney ( Normal People ) , Eoin Colfer ( Artemis Fowl ) , William Trevor ( Felicia's Journey ) , J. P. Donleavy ( The Ginger Man ) , Thomas Moore ( Lalla Rookh ) , Nahum Tate ( The History of King Lear ) , David Benioff ( Troy ) and D.B. Weiss ( Game of Thrones ) . Alumni also include 4 Presidents of Ireland and 4 Nobel Laureates , as well as academics, mathematicians and philosophers who shaped

5724-405: The Zeta Psi Fraternity of North America was published in 1899. This volume contained biographies of over 4000 members of Zeta Psi from 1847 to 1900 and historical information about each chapter. The Directory continues to be published on a regular basis and the modern version is a useful networking tool for members of the Zeta Psi Fraternity. First published in 1871, by undergraduate members of

5830-478: The academic term, it is predominantly used as a teaching and performance space for drama students and staff. The college's eastern side is occupied by science buildings, most of which are modern developments, arranged in three rows instead of quadrangles. In 2010, Forbes ranked it one of the 15 most beautiful college grounds in the world. The current chapel was completed in 1798, and was designed by George III's architect, Sir William Chambers , who also designed

5936-517: The active supreme council. It is composed of all the elder officers and at least three elected members-at-large. The elder chapter has the same name as the active chapter but has different organization, powers, and is legally a separate entity. Geographical associations are similar to elder chapters, in that they are composed of alumni and have a vote at Grand Chapter. However, they are larger in scope and have no active affiliation. Geographical associations mostly base their membership on alumni living in

6042-415: The administration, and the chapter became inactive in 1872, permitting its letter to be used for the later chapter founded at Columbia. In 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected president of the United States , and South Carolina seceded from the Union, followed shortly thereafter by other Southern states. Expansion of Zeta Psi halted as campuses rallied for war and sent companies of soldiers to battle. At

6148-419: The award was posthumous. Finally in 1917, the United States entered World War I, and so did the many Zetes. At the annual convention of Zeta Psi, the brothers adopted a resolution in support of U.S. engagement in World War I, which the U.S. Congress had only declared a few weeks previously: Nor was the pledge mere idle words nor fatuous boasting. Over one-quarter of all brethren of Zeta Psi would serve during

6254-498: The bishops saw as thoroughly Protestant in ethos, and in light of the establishment of the Catholic University of Ireland , implemented a general ban on Catholics entering Trinity College, with few exceptions. "The ban", despite its longevity, is associated in the popular mind with Archbishop of Dublin John Charles McQuaid , as he was made responsible for enforcing it from 1956 until the Catholic Bishops of Ireland rescinded it in 1970, shortly before McQuaid's retirement. Until 1956, it

6360-523: The bloody American Civil War , war in Europe came suddenly in the 1910s and caught a nation and fraternity unawares. For some time, the United States did not commit troops to the battle, maintaining an isolationist stance protected. But Canada was a Dominion within Britain's Commonwealth, and when Great Britain entered the war, Canada willingly answered the call. With the first Canadian chapter only founded at Toronto in 1879, her sister chapters were still young when war came to them. Particularly stricken were

6466-436: The book depository, "Stacks", in Santry , from which requests are retrieved twice daily. The Library proper comprises several buildings in the college. The original (Old) Library is Thomas Burgh's masterpiece. A huge building, it originally towered over the university and city after its completion. Even today, surrounded by similarly scaled buildings, it is imposing and dominates the view of the university from Nassau Street. It

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6572-449: The brothers of Upsilon replied by letter in like fashion: The tale of Brother Henry Schwerin (Θ '63) illustrates the embodiment of love even in the most trying of circumstance. Schwerin lay gravely wounded after the bloody Battle of Chattanooga ; pinned on the breast of his Union uniform was the badge of Zeta Psi. A passing Confederate soldier, also a Zete, spied the badge and carried the invalid to medical care and safety, ignoring even

6678-445: The building. A famous poem recounts the Club's Chef arriving to the clubhouse the next day and serving breakfast on the morning of the fire amidst the smoky partial ruins of the kitchen. After the Holyoke Street fire, the construction of a new clubhouse was commissioned by the club’s undergraduates. With the University hoping to acquire the Holyoke Street lot to complete its holdings between Massachusetts Avenue and Mount Auburn Street,

6784-447: The chapter. There is no particular criteria for a chapter patron saint, other than the chosen figure must have some historical significance either to the chapter or the chapter's respective locality. The patron saints are as follows: First published in 1859, with two later editions in 1867 and 1883, the Catalogue of the Zeta Psi Fraternity contained names of members of the Fraternity arranged by chapters and years of initiation. In 1874,

6890-453: The chartering of Theta Omicron at Trinity College Dublin in 2012. Its newest chapter, Psi Omicron at the University of Paris , joined on May 18, 2019. The motto is "ΤΚΦ" in Greek, rendered in English as "Tau Kappa Phi", "TKP", or "TKPhi". Zeta Psi's headquarters is located in Pearl River , New York . On June 1, 1847, three students at New York University , John Bradt Yates Sommers, William Henry Dayton and John Moon Skillman, formed

6996-529: The college seeks to compete for funding at the global level. Comparative funding statistics reviewing the difference in departmental unit costs and overall costs before and after this restructuring are not apparent. The Hamilton Mathematics Institute in Trinity College, named in honour of William Rowan Hamilton , was launched in 2005 and aims to improve the international profile of Irish mathematics, to raise public awareness of mathematics and to support local mathematical research through workshops, conferences and

7102-403: The college without special dispensation. At the same time, Trinity College authorities invited the appointment of a Catholic chaplain to be based in the college. There are now two such Catholic chaplains. From 1975, the Colleges of Technology that now form the Dublin Institute of Technology had their degrees conferred by the University of Dublin. This arrangement was discontinued in 1998 when

7208-457: The college's Roman Catholic members. In addition to the Anglican chaplain, who is known as the Dean of Residence, there are two Roman Catholic chaplains and one Methodist chaplain. Ecumenical events are often held in the chapel, such as the annual carol service and the service of thanksgiving on Trinity Monday. The Library of Trinity College is Ireland's largest research library. As a result of its historic standing, Trinity College Library Dublin

7314-420: The detailed history of the fraternity and each chapter founded up to the point of publication. The first published in 1942, the Pledge Manual of the Zeta Psi Fraternity of North America remains in publication and is a crucial source of information for men pledging the Zeta Psi Fraternity. Zeta Psi, like all conventional university fraternities, operates as chapters at various campuses across North America and

7420-491: The end of the conflict, decimated by fallen brothers or disheartened campuses returning from the shadow of death. The Theta and Eta chapters would never survive the staggering losses they suffered, though the others ultimately recovered and reactivated. The Gamma chapter —chartered 1861 at the Georgia Military Institute , as the only new chapter during the War—was annihilated utterly by General Sherman 's march and existed thus only for those few years of tumult. However, out of

7526-421: The endowments, considerable landed estates were secured and new fellowships were founded. The books which formed the foundation of the great library were acquired, a curriculum was devised and statutes were framed. Trinity was originally the university of the Protestant Ascendancy for much of its history, given the conditions for its establishment. While Catholics were admitted from the college's foundation, for

7632-461: The equivalent change at the University of Cambridge and the University of Oxford . Certain disabilities remained. In December 1845 Denis Caulfield Heron was the subject of a hearing at Trinity College. He had previously been examined and, on merit, declared a Scholar of the college, but had not been allowed to take up his place due to his Catholic religion. Heron appealed to the Courts, which issued

7738-462: The fiftieth anniversary of the Zeta Psi Fraternity. Likewise, The Double Diamond Jubilee of the Zeta Psi Fraternity of North America published in 1997 was an account of the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the Zeta Psi Fraternity, made to complement The Story of Zeta Psi . Both volumes include historical information on the fraternity and its chapters. First published in June 1909, The Circle

7844-455: The first Roman Catholic elected Provost of Trinity College. Trinity College is today in the centre of Dublin. At the beginning of the new century, it embarked on a radical overhaul of academic structures to reallocate funds and reduce administration costs, resulting in, for instance, the reduction from six to five to eventually three faculties under a subsequent restructuring. The ten-year strategic plan prioritises four research themes with which

7950-595: The first fraternity in the U.S. west of the Mississippi. Its chapter at the University of Toronto , (March 27, 1879) was the first in Canada. The founding of the Eta chapter at Yale University (1889) briefly made it the only fraternity to have chapters at all eight Ivy League schools. The fraternity became intercontinental on May 3, 2008, with the chartering of Iota Omicron at the University of Oxford , and then with

8056-445: The fledgling Circle of Zeta Psi and thus be apprised of the far-flung doings of the fraternity; that a general secretary be commissioned to travel among the chapters and treat with them; and that a foundation be established for the pecuniary support of the general Fraternity. And all three of his mandates have been amply fulfilled: The Circle is still published and distributed to the brothers of Zeta Psi (and can be read online here ); now

8162-557: The founding Letters Patent were amended by succeeding monarchs, such as James I in 1613 and most notably Charles I in 1637 - he increased the number of fellows from seven to 16, established the Board – then the Provost and the seven senior Fellows – and reduced the panel of Visitors in size. Further major changes were made in the reign of Queen Victoria, and more again by the Oireachtas , including in 2000. The college, officially incorporated as The Provost, Fellows and Scholars of

8268-460: The fraternity is white, the unofficial secondary colors are black and gold. The fraternity flower is the white carnation . The flag of the Zeta Psi is a white field with the letters Zeta and Psi or the words Zeta Psi written in the center in gold, piped in black. The Zeta Psi pledge pin is a white circle with a narrow gold outline. The badge of Zeta Psi consists of "a gold pin formed of

8374-490: The fraternity pressed northward into Canada. The brothers of the Xi chapter at the University of Michigan in 1879 constituted the Theta Xi chapter at the University of Toronto, making Zeta Psi the first international Fraternity. Since then, Zeta Psi has actively bolstered its Canadian presence, commissioning a director solely for Canadian chapter development and amassing a long list of successful chapters there. The end of

8480-478: The government proscribed Fraternities at its military academies; Theta Xi at University of Toronto , 1879; Alpha at Columbia University , 1879; Alpha Psi at McGill University , 1883; Nu at Case Western Reserve , 1884; Eta at Yale, 1889; Mu at Stanford , 1892; Alpha Beta at University of Minnesota , 1899. The establishment of the Eta chapter at Yale marked Zeta Psi as the only fraternity to establish chapters at all eight Ivy-League schools. Even as

8586-508: The imperatives of war for the sake of his brother. The worthy badge later passed into the hands of his brother, Max Schwerin (Θ '70), who would one day serve as international president. After his death, it was donated by his sister to the Fraternity's archives and remains among its treasures. Brother John Day Smith (Ε '72) witnessed the incident on the Chattanooga field and later related it to Brother Francis Lawton (Ε '69), who would author

8692-518: The intellectual heritage of western Europe. Notable faculty and lecturers at the university included Humphrey Lloyd , J. B. Bury , Erwin Schrödinger and E. T. Whittaker . A medieval University of Dublin was founded in 1320 under a papal brief issued by Pope Clement V in 1311, and the university maintained an intermittent existence at St. Patrick's Cathedral over the following centuries, but it did not flourish and finally came to an end at

8798-500: The legislative organ of the chapter. Most chapters run their meetings with parliamentary rules of order . The Supreme Council is the chapter's only judicial body. It has authority to rule on almost any matter and its proceedings are held in camera . It is composed of the Phi and Alpha Phi and at least three elected members-at-large. Each chapter in Zeta Psi has a unique name composed of one or two Greek letters. Rather than being assigned

8904-601: The name. Other times, a name is related to other factors like the Roman Catholic Villanova University chapter being named Alpha Omega due to the Christian significance . A one or two-letter name can only be re-used if the chapter possessing the name is pronounced "deceased." This has not happened since 1892. For each undergraduate chapter at a campus, there is a corresponding elder chapter composed of alumni members. An elder chapter has

9010-496: The other side of College Green, made generous grants for building. The first building of this period was the Old Library, begun in 1712, followed by The Printing House and the Dining Hall. During the second half of the century, Parliament Square slowly emerged. The great building drive was completed in the early 19th century by Botany Bay, the square which derives its name in part from the herb garden it once contained (and which

9116-636: The outbreak of war, the Upsilon chapter at UNC—only chartered three years before—found itself the only chapter of Zeta Psi among all the Southern states, divided from the North by the sudden lines of enmity. Even as they mustered for war and marched south, the Grand Chapter of Zeta Psi, specially assembled in early July 1862, adopted the resolution of Brother William Cooke (Φ '58) prescribing unity: And

9222-504: The physical reach of Zeta Psi made great bounds, so too did the principles underlying its brotherhood. By the turn of the century, the need for some more centralized structure pressed, as chapter after chapter was added to the Circle and their correspondence became too much to handle so chaotically. In 1909, an international publication concerning the affairs of Zetes was first published by Brother William Comstock (Ξ '99) and distributed among

9328-560: The poem "The Badge of Zeta Psi," later set to original music and preserved to this day. The reference to "Chattanooga's bloody field" is not an idle hyperbole, but the recollection of a rare triumph among such sorrows. Amid this sorrow and heroism where so many brothers of Zeta Psi perished, so too were whole chapters swallowed by the War. The Eta ( Gettysburg, Pennsylvania , chartered in 1861), Psi Epsilon (Dartmouth), Upsilon (UNC), Epsilon (Brown), and Theta (Union) chapters had vanished by

9434-552: The politics and sociology departments on Dame Street to the Faculty of Health Sciences buildings, located at St. James's Hospital and Tallaght University Hospital . The Trinity Centre at St James's Hospital incorporates additional teaching rooms, as well as the Institute of Molecular Medicine and John Durkan Leukaemia Institute. The library has a large book depository in Santry. The college's botanic garden, which developed from

9540-404: The public theatre opposite the chapel on Parliament Square. Reflecting the college's Anglican heritage, there are daily services of Morning prayer , weekly services of Evensong , and Holy Communion is celebrated on Tuesdays and Sundays. It is no longer compulsory for students to attend these. The chapel has been ecumenical since 1970, and is now also used daily in the celebration of Mass for

9646-480: The rolls of the brave Canadian brethren who went overseas is Lt. Col. Brother Dr. John McCrae (Θ Ξ '94), a serviceman in the Canadian army, who like so many other men did not return at the close of conflict. But Brother McCrae bequeathed to his fraternity more than even his worthy life, but also a poem which has been preserved in great honor as both a historical and literary work: " In Flanders Fields ." The words are

9752-430: The several chapters: The Circle of Zeta Psi. The periodical, which is still published to this day, contained in that first issue the exhortation which has come to be known as "The Vision of Bill Comstock" for its prescience and wisdom: In short, Brother Comstock criticized the degree of individualism among the chapters of Zeta Psi, demanding unity among such disparate brothers. He prescribed that every member should receive

9858-608: The shadow of war came regrowth and a time for Zeta Psi to expand once more. The nation was still young indeed even after the end of the Civil War: California had only recently become a State, committing to the side of the victorious Union and contributing its men––though the conflict took place mainly across the continent thousands of miles away. It was then only fitting that the Fraternities should next move to California. As pioneers in many initiatives, Zeta Psi

9964-413: The spring of 1900, a unanimous vote brought the society into the final club fold, ultimately resulting in a formal name change in 1914 to the Spee Club of Harvard. The early quarters of the Club were several rooms in a wooden house on Brattle Street . In the fall of 1886, the members purchased a second location at 44 Church Street, which became its first official clubhouse. Members describe its interior as

10070-419: The unveiling of the new clubhouse was held on February 20, 1932. The Mount Auburn St location still serves as the Spee Club's clubhouse. For many years the basement of the Spee Club was the location of Schoenhof's Foreign Books . Its retail storefront closed on March 25, 2017. It continues to do business through its web site. Zeta Psi Fraternity Zeta Psi ( ΖΨ ) is a collegiate fraternity . It

10176-537: The world. Zeta Psi has chapters in six countries: Canada, the United States, England, Ireland, France, and Greece. Its chapter in Scotland is dormant. The active chapter is the core of the Zeta Psi experience. Zeta Psi is modeled after most modern democracies in that they have legislative , judicial , and executive branches of governance. Each chapter meeting with due quorum has the authority to act as

10282-587: Was established as Zeta at Williams College in Massachusetts . The Delta chapter was founded at Rutgers University later that year and was the most continuously active chapter of the fraternity until it became inactive in 2009. Three chapters followed in 1850: Omicron (now Omicron Epsilon ) at Princeton University , Sigma at the University of Pennsylvania , and Chi at Colby College in Waterville, Maine . The first two are still active, but

10388-598: Was established to consolidate the rule of the Tudor monarchy in Ireland. Named after the Holy Trinity , it stands on the former grounds of the Augustinian Priory of All Hallows , and served as the principal university of the ruling Protestant Ascendancy elites for over two centuries. Academically, it is divided into three faculties comprising 23 schools, offering degree and diploma courses at both

10494-539: Was founded on June 1, 1847, at New York University . The organization now has 90 chapters, with roughly 70,000 members. Zeta Psi is a founding member of the North American Interfraternity Conference . As one of the world's oldest collegiate fraternities, Zeta Psi has historically been selective about the campuses at which it establishes chapters. The chapter at the University of California, Berkeley (June 10, 1870) made Zeta Psi

10600-520: Was founded with the college and first endowed by James Ussher (1625–56), Archbishop of Armagh, who endowed his own valuable library, comprising several thousand printed books and manuscripts, to the college. The Book of Kells is by far the Library's most famous book and is in the Old Library, along with the Book of Durrow , the Book of Howth and other ancient texts. Also incorporating the Long Room,

10706-544: Was in a position to play its full part, with such teachers as Graves and Stokes, in the great age of Dublin medicine. The Engineering School was established in 1842 and was one of the first of its kind in Ireland and Britain. While Catholics were officially admitted from the foundation, graduation was complicated by the requirement of oaths. Following early steps in Catholic Emancipation , these oaths were removed, allowing Catholics to graduate in 1793, before

10812-764: Was renamed the Eavan Boland Library after the Irish poet Eavan Boland . The Library also includes the William Hamilton Science and Engineering Library and the John Stearne Medical Library, housed at St James's Hospital. The Trinity College Business School's building is in an €80 million construction project and was inaugurated on 23 May 2019 by the Taoiseach , Leo Varadkar , an alumnus of Trinity College School of Medicine. The six-storey building, adjoining

10918-416: Was succeeded by Trinity College's own Botanic Gardens). The 19th century was also marked by important developments in the professional schools. The law school was reorganized after the middle of the century. Medical teaching had been given in the college since 1711, but it was only after the establishment of the school on a firm basis by legislation in 1800, and under the inspiration of one Macartney, that it

11024-409: Was the Archbishop of Dublin , Adam Loftus (after whose former college at Cambridge the institution was named), and he was provided with two initial Fellows, James Hamilton and James Fullerton . Two years after the foundation, a few Fellows and students began to work in the new college, which then lay around one small square. During the 50 years following the foundation, the community increased

11130-574: Was the first fraternity west of the Mississippi river and hence also the first to establish a chapter on the West Coast. In 1870, Zeta Psi established the Iota chapter at the University of California, Berkeley (though the Iota chapter would not be joined until 1892 by the next Western addition, the Mu chapter at Stanford University ). Zeta Psi was not even content to remaining a national Fraternity, so

11236-512: Was the responsibility of each local bishop. In April 1900, Queen Victoria visited College Green in Dublin. Women were admitted to Trinity College as full members for the first time in 1904. From 1904 to 1907, women from Oxford and Cambridge, who were admitted but not granted degrees, came to Trinity College to receive their ad eundem degree ; they were known as Steamboat ladies and the fees they paid helped to fund Trinity Hall . In 1907,

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