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81-757: Speight's is a beer brand and a brewery located in Dunedin , New Zealand. The brand is owned by the Japanese-controlled holding company Lion , itself a subsidiary of Kirin . Speight's is best known for its Gold Medal Ale, one of the best-selling beers in New Zealand. The brewery also includes a chain of "Speight's Ale House" gastropubs across the country. The brewery was established on Rattray Street, Central Dunedin in 1876 by James Speight, Charles Greenslade and William Dawson after they had left their positions at Wellpark Brewery (known today as

162-517: A 16 -16 draw prompting extra time. In extra time, Frank Bunce scored a try for North Harbour and then Greg Cooper kicked a penalty and scored a converted try in the corner for Otago to win 26–23. The final was played in Waikato and was a disappointing game for Otago who lost 40–5. Waikato had a dominant forward pack in the game. The game is of note as Richard Loe was suspended for six months for eye gouging Greg Cooper. Otago defeated Waikato in

243-651: A 37–22 victory in Christchurch at Jade Stadium. Chris Smylie scored two tries in the game. Otago then travelled to Auckland for the final. The game did not go Otago's way with the Auckland team playing better as the game went on. Auckland scored six tries in the 39–11 victory. Only Josh Blackie was able to score a try for the Otago team. Four new teams were promoted from the NPC Second Division into

324-413: A beer tax in 1004 AD. Early breweries were almost always built on multiple stories, with equipment on higher floors used earlier in the production process, so that gravity could assist with the transfer of product from one stage to the next. This layout often is preserved in breweries today, but mechanical pumps allow more flexibility in brewery design. Early breweries typically used large copper vats in

405-440: A conical bottom and a cylindrical top. The cone's aperture is typically around 70°, an angle that will allow the yeast to flow smoothly out through the cone's apex at the end of fermentation, but is not so steep as to take up too much vertical space. CCVs can handle both fermenting and conditioning in the same tank. At the end of fermentation, the yeast and other solids have fallen to the cone's apex can be simply flushed out through

486-524: A few pages, paused, and said to the surprise and mirth of everyone: "Sorry, they're my murder inquiry notes." Otago played the Springboks on the 27th of July 1994 in very wet conditions. 22,000 people attended Carisbrook to watch the game. The Springboks made a great start with Joost van der Westhuizen scoring 16 seconds after the kick off after a Stephen Bachop kick was charged down. Otago came back and John Leslie running on an angle scored under

567-562: A formal education in the subject from institutions such as the Siebel Institute of Technology , VLB Berlin , Heriot-Watt University , American Brewers Guild, University of California at Davis , University of Wisconsin , Olds College or Niagara College . They may hold membership in professional organisations such as the Brewers Association , Master Brewers Association , American Society of Brewing Chemists ,

648-584: A further seven non championship games in 1987, winning all of them including a 51–7 victory over Sydney. The following year (1988) was also good for Otago. They finished third in the National Provincial Championship winning eight games and losing only two games, one to Wellington and a close game in a Ranfurly Shield challenge to Auckland. The Otago team had a forward pack including Gordon Macpherson , Richard Knight , Paul Henderson , Mike Brewer , Arran Pene and Brent Pope . On

729-461: A good record against the British and Irish Lions having beaten them in 1950 and 1959. In 1966, Otago again defeated the British and Irish Lions 17–9. On that day Carisbrook was full with 25,500 fans attending the game. Dave Edwards, playing on the wing, scored one try and Maurie Collins, playing on the opposite wing, scored two tries for Otago to help seal the victory. The 1975 Otago rugby team

810-485: A grubber kick through that lead to a try in the corner for Jeff Wilson . Otago was ahead by 19–17 with minutes to go when referee Colin Hawke penalized Stu Forster and awarded a penalty try to Auckland to give them the game. Stu Forster said of the penalty try: "I saw Zinny [Brooke] after the game, and he said the ball was definitely out of the scrum when I kicked it. But that's life, that's sport." Arran Pene said of

891-509: A more carbonated beer. When the sugars in the fermenting beer have been almost completely digested, the fermentation process slows and the yeast cells begin to die and settle at the bottom of the tank. At this stage, especially if the beer is cooled to around freezing, most of the remaining live yeast cells will quickly become dormant and settle, along with the heavier protein chains, due simply to gravity and molecular dehydration. Conditioning can occur in fermentation tanks with cooling jackets. If

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972-714: A notable exception). Heating in the brewhouse usually is achieved through pressurized steam, although direct-fire systems are not unusual in small breweries. Likewise, cooling in other areas of the brewery is typically done by cooling jackets on tanks, which allow the brewer to control precisely the temperature on each tank individually, although whole-room cooling is also common. Today, modern brewing plants perform myriad analyses on their beers for quality control purposes. Shipments of ingredients are analyzed to correct for variations. Samples are pulled at almost every step and tested for [oxygen] content, unwanted microbial infections, and other beer-aging compounds. A representative sample of

1053-639: A port at the apex. Open fermentation vessels are also used, often for show in brewpubs, and in Europe in wheat beer fermentation. These vessels have no tops, making it easy to harvest top-fermenting yeasts. The open tops of the vessels increase the risk of contamination, but proper cleaning procedures help to control the risk. Fermentation tanks are typically made of stainless steel . Simple cylindrical tanks with beveled ends are arranged vertically, and conditioning tanks are usually laid out horizontally. A very few breweries still use wooden vats for fermentation but wood

1134-459: A result. Otago played a high tempo game against the touring British and Irish Lions in 1993. Otago scored five tries in their 37–24 victory. Paul Cooke scored twice and David Latta, John Leslie and John Timu all scored tries against the near-full strength team which was preparing for the first test against the All Blacks. The BBC said that "In scoring five tries and 37 points, Otago gave

1215-541: A successful run between 1947 and 1950 defending the shield on eighteen occasions before losing it. Otago then won it in 1957 and defended it once before losing it to Taranaki 11–9, after leading 9-0 earlier in the game. Afterwards the Otago coach Charlie Saxton told the Taranaki captain Peter Burke that 'the better team lost'. Burke replied: 'Charlie, you can say what you like, we've got the shield.' Otago has had

1296-459: A very close game 23–22 at home. A loss against Waikato 33-20 before a big victories over Bay of Plenty 62–15; Taranaki 64-19 and Wellington 28–10. Otago faced North Harbour in the semifinal at Albany after finishing fourth in the round robin winning 37–10. The Otago team, coached by Laurie Mains , had a good first half in the final against Canterbury. Tony Brown was playing well until an ankle injury forced him off after 27 minutes. Bryon Kelleher

1377-491: A very strong team in 1998 with 13 players who were present or future All Blacks. The front row of Carl Hoeft , Anton Oliver and Kees Meeuws dominated the scrums, Tony Brown scored 196 points and Brendan Laney scored 15 tries during the season. Otago defeated Wellington 84-10, Northland 82-10, Southland 60-10 and North Harbour 39-8 in the round robin stage, and beat Taranaki 62-12 in the semi-finals. The Otago team coached by Tony Gilbert and captained by Taine Randell won

1458-558: A very structured game with the forwards attempting to dominate and Dean Kenny , John Haggart or Lindsay Smith kicking for position and attempting to force the opposition to make errors. Mike Brewer and Laurie Mains worked on a plan for Otago to improve with the aim to win the National Provincial Championship by 1992. Otago finished 5th in the National Provincial Championship in 1985. They defeated Auckland at Carisbrook 12–10, one week after Auckland had lifted

1539-425: Is an optional process. Many craft brewers simply remove the coagulated and settled solids and forgo active filtration. In localities where a tax assessment is collected by government pursuant to local laws, any additional filtration may be done using an active filtering system, the filtered product finally passing into a calibrated vessel for measurement just after any cold conditioning and prior to final packaging where

1620-672: Is based in the city of Dunedin , and its home ground is Forsyth Barr Stadium . The top representative team competes in the ITM Cup , New Zealand's top provincial competition. The union was to have been liquidated in March 2012. However a deal involving the Dunedin City Council allowed it to keep operating. Otago have won the Ranfurly Shield on seven occasions (1935, 1938, 1947, 1957, 2013, 2018 and 2020). They were

1701-513: Is credited with developing the refrigeration machine in 1871. Refrigeration allowed beer to be produced year-round, and always at the same temperature. Yeast is very sensitive to temperature, and, if a beer were produced during summer, the yeast would impart unpleasant flavours onto the beer. Most brewers would produce enough beer during winter to last through the summer, and store it in underground cellars, or even caves, to protect it from summer's heat. The discovery of microbes by Louis Pasteur

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1782-505: Is difficult to keep clean and infection-free and must be repitched often, perhaps yearly. After high kräusen, the point at which fermentation is most active and copious foam is produced, a valve known in German as the spundapparat may be put on the tanks to allow the carbon dioxide produced by the yeast to naturally carbonate the beer. This bung device can regulate the pressure to produce different types of beer; greater pressure produces

1863-468: Is not gluten-free. Speight's also produces an apple cider . The Speight's brewery building is a prominent landmark in Central Dunedin, located just to the west of The Exchange at the corner of Rattray and Maclaggan Streets and extending up the hill into City Rise . The earliest parts of the building date back to its first inception in 1876, with several major extensions and renovations in

1944-633: Is the brewery's best known beer. Though marketed as an ale, as it was in the past, it is actually a New Zealand Draught-style lager, brewed using lager yeast and lagering techniques. In addition to its main Gold Medal Ale brand, Speight's also produces beers under the Speight's Summit and the Speight's Craft ranges of beer, the latter including the Speight's Old Dark , Speight's Distinction Ale , and Speight's Triple Hop Pilsner , all of which are lagers of varying colour. Speight's range of beer

2025-566: The Institute of Brewing and Distilling , and the Society of Independent Brewers . Depending on a brewery's size, a brewer may need anywhere from five to fifteen years of professional experience before becoming a brewmaster. Otago Rugby Football Union The Otago Rugby Football Union is the official governing body of rugby union for the Otago region of New Zealand . The union

2106-541: The Otago Highlanders , Otago Rugby Football Union , and Southland Rugby Football Union . 45°52′35″S 170°30′00″E  /  45.876374°S 170.499959°E  / -45.876374; 170.499959 Brewery The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation , and kinds of beer produced in breweries. A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of

2187-629: The Tennent Caledonian ). In 1880, Speight's won a gold medal at the Melbourne International Exhibition , giving rise to the Speight's Gold Medal Ale brand. By 1887 it had become the largest brewery in New Zealand, and had expanded to a sufficient size that it exported beer to Australia and the Pacific Islands . In 1923, Speight's merged with nine other breweries to form New Zealand Breweries —in

2268-763: The UEFA Champions League with its namesake lager; Carlsberg sponsors the English Premier League as well as the 2012 and 2016 UEFA European Championships . Meanwhile, the AB InBev Group supports the FA Cup and the FIFA World Cup . The head brewer (UK) or brewmaster (US) is in charge of the production of beer. The major breweries employ engineers with a chemistry / biotechnology background. Brewmasters may have had

2349-611: The brewer expects to evaporate . Fermentation begins as soon as yeast is added to the cooled wort. This is also the point at which the product is first called beer. It is during this stage that fermentable sugars won from the malt (maltose, maltotriose, glucose, fructose and sucrose) are metabolized into alcohol and carbon dioxide . Fermentation tanks come in many shapes and sizes, from enormous cylindroconical vessels that can look like storage silos , to 20- litre (5  US gal ) glass carboys used by homebrewers. Most breweries today use cylindroconical vessels (CCVs), which have

2430-743: The brewing process. Beer may have been known in Neolithic Europe and was mainly brewed on a domestic scale. In some form, it can be traced back almost 5000 years to Mesopotamian writings describing daily rations of beer and bread to workers. Before the rise of production breweries, the production of beer took place at home and was the domain of women, as baking and brewing were seen as "women's work". Breweries, as production facilities reserved for making beer, did not emerge until monasteries and other Christian institutions started producing beer not only for their own consumption but also to use as payment. This industrialization of brewing shifted

2511-438: The starches in the grain into sugars , especially maltose . Lautering is the separation of the extracts won during mashing from the spent grain to create wort . It is achieved in either a lauter tun , a wide vessel with a false bottom, or a mash filter, a plate-and-frame filter designed for this kind of separation. Lautering has two stages: first wort run-off, during which the extract is separated in an undiluted state from

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2592-405: The 1998 National Provincial Championship final with a resounding victory over Waikato at Carisbrook. Taine Randell won the toss and elected to play the first half into the strong wind. Isotola Maka had to leave the field after 13 minutes with a hamstring injury and then Josh Kronfeld went off after 30 minutes with a shoulder injury. Otago led 10-6 at half time. Brendan Laney scored three times in

2673-519: The Air New Zealand Cup. The Steve Martin coached Otago had another season reaching the semi-finals, losing to Waikato 44–15 at Waikato Stadium . 2007 began with a 68–7 defeat to Wellington in the capital. Otago would win five matches to reach the quarter-finals where they were beaten by Canterbury 44–6 in Christchurch. 2008 saw Otago win four of their ten matches. However Otago would be the only team to defeat Wellington (36–21) during

2754-407: The National Provincial Championship. They also toured Argentina and played three games defeating San Isidro 28–15; Banco Nacionale 37-27 and a Mendoza Selection 25–21. Otago came 3rd in 1990 in the National Provincial Championship. They won eight out of their ten games only losing to Waikato and Auckland They also toured Canada, winning all three games, against Canada 23–6; British Columbia 20-9 and

2835-532: The National Provincial Championship. Captain Wayne Graham led the team to 4 wins, 2 draws (including a nil all draw with Auckland) and 4 losses. 1984 provided the best performance from an Otago team for some years as they achieved third place with seven wins and three losses. They also played France losing the game 20–10. Laurie Mains appointed Mike Brewer when he was 20 years old as captain of Otago in 1985 to take over from Wayne Graham . Otago played

2916-604: The National provincial championship winners in 1991 and 1998. They have a proud record playing international teams, having defeated South Africa and the British and Irish Lions. The Otago Rugby Football Union was founded in 1881 and celebrated its 125th year in 2006. Otago held the Ranfurly Shield between 1935 and 1938 and successfully defended it eight times, and then again in 1938 for a further five defences. They had

2997-528: The Ranfurly Shield from Canterbury . Otago also played England at Carisbrook losing by 25 -16. In 1986, Otago finished one better coming 4th in the National Provincial Championship. Outside of the NPC, Otago played East Coast winning a one sided game 91–10. Paul Turner scored two tries, kicked 14 conversions and one penalty. Otago had had a good year in 1987 coming third in the National Provincial Championship. Otago won six games and lost four games. They played

3078-477: The Rose Stand. After a mixed season, Otago beat Counties at Pukekoke in the semi-finals to set up a final against Auckland in Auckland. It was to be the last games for Otago for Arran Pene , Jamie Joseph and coach Gordon Hunter . It was also the 100th game that Stu Forster and Paul Cooke were to play for the province. Injuries forced Otago to put Jamie Joseph and reserve Lio Falaniko at lock. Early on in

3159-627: The South", has been used in association with these advertisements for a number of years. One popular advertisement featured the Cardrona Hotel pub. Speight's later built a loose replica of this building in Mt Eden , Auckland , as part of its national marketing scheme. At the site of their Dunedin plant the company has installed a tap that pumps water up from a spring deep below the brewery, thus providing fresh, pure water free of charge. This tap

3240-580: The University of British Columbia 36-12. Otago played Australia at Carisbrook losing 20–24 in a close match. John Timu scored two tries and Paul Cooke one try for Otago in the game. The Otago team captained by Mike Brewer and coached by Laurie Mains won every game that season bar the second game of season against Counties in the National Provincial Championship . The crunch game was against Auckland at Carisbrook where Otago won 17–6 with tries from Greg Cooper and Jamie Joseph . The final game of

3321-622: The adverts printed on football team's kit. For example, Liverpool F.C. had the logo of the Denmark-based Carlsberg brewery group on the front of its shirts for nearly twenty years, from 1992 to 2010. Nowadays major brewing corporations are involved in sponsorship on a number of different levels. The prevailing trend is for the leading brand not to be linked to individual teams; rather, they achieve visibility as sponsor of tournaments and leagues, so all fans can engage with them regardless of which team they support. Heineken sponsors

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3402-627: The beer is put into the containers for shipment or sale. The container may be a bottle , can , of keg , cask or bulk tank. Filters come in many types. Many use pre-made filtration media such as sheets or candles. Kieselguhr, a fine powder of diatomaceous earth , can be introduced into the beer and circulated through screens to form a filtration bed. Filtration ratings are divided into rough, fine, and sterile. Rough filters remove yeasts and other solids, leaving some cloudiness, while finer filters can remove body and color. Sterile filters remove almost all microorganisms. Brewing companies range widely in

3483-491: The beer's marketing, sales, and distribution, while leaving the brewing and packaging to the producer-brewery (which confusingly may also be referred to as a contract brewer). Often the contract brewing is performed when a small brewery can not supply enough beer to meet demands and contracts with a larger brewery to help alleviate their supply issues. Some breweries do not own a brewing facility, these contract brewers have been criticized by traditional brewing companies for avoiding

3564-499: The brewer more control of the process, and greater knowledge of the results. Breweries today are made predominantly of stainless steel , although vessels often have a decorative copper cladding for a nostalgic look. Stainless steel has many favourable characteristics that make it a well-suited material for brewing equipment. It imparts no flavour in beer, it reacts with very few chemicals, which means almost any cleaning solution can be used on it (concentrated chlorine [bleach] being

3645-461: The brewery. It gave brewers the ability to mix liquids more reliably while heating, particularly the mash , to prevent scorching, and a quick way to transfer liquid from one container to another. Almost all breweries now use electric-powered stirring mechanisms and pumps. The steam engine also allowed the brewer to make greater quantities of beer, as human power was no longer a limiting factor in moving and stirring. Carl von Linde , along with others,

3726-651: The brewhouse, and fermentation and packaging took place in lined wooden containers. Such breweries were common until the Industrial Revolution , when better materials became available, and scientific advances led to a better understanding of the brewing process. Today, almost all brewery equipment is made of stainless steel . During the Industrial Revolution, the production of beer moved from artisanal manufacture to industrial manufacture , and domestic manufacture ceased to be significant by

3807-406: The coaching team for the following year. Otago challenged Southland for the Ranfurly Shield in 2010. With twelve minutes remaining, Otago was leading 12–9. Southland prop Jamie Mackintosh scored a contentious try. Otago supporters suggested that there was a double-movement and that the try should have been not allowed. Southland held on to the Ranfurly Shield 16–12. 2011 would see Otago placed in

3888-825: The costs associated with a physical brewery. Gypsy, or nomad, brewing usually falls under the category of contract brewing. Gypsy breweries generally do not have their own equipment or premises. They operate on a temporary or itinerant basis out of the facilities of another brewery, generally making "one-off" special occasion beers. The trend of gypsy brewing spread early in Scandinavia . Their beers and collaborations later spread to America and Australia. Gypsy brewers typically use facilities of larger makers with excess capacity . Prominent examples include Pretty Things, Stillwater Artisanal Ales, Gunbarrel Brewing Company, Mikkeller , and Evil Twin . For example, one of Mikkeller's founders, Mikkel Borg Bjergsø, has traveled around

3969-520: The end of the 19th century. In addition to changes in manufacturing capacity, the number of breweries grew throughout industrialization. For example in America, number of breweries rose from 431 to 4,131 between 1850 and 1873. A handful of major breakthroughs have led to the modern brewery and its ability to produce the same beer consistently. The steam engine , vastly improved in 1775 by James Watt , brought automatic stirring mechanisms and pumps into

4050-480: The final were left disappointed by the result especially as they lost to Canterbury twice in the 2001 season. The Otago team coached by Greg Cooper had success in the round robin stage. They finished first after winning seven games and losing three games. The team, captained by Kevin Middleton, defeated Auckland first up at Carisbrook in a very low scoring game (6-3). This was despite Otago spending 22 minutes of

4131-413: The finished product often is stored for months for comparison, when complaints are received. Brewing is typically divided into 9 steps: milling, malting, mashing, lautering, boiling, fermenting, conditioning, filtering, and filling. Mashing is the process of mixing milled , usually malted , grain with water, and heating it with rests at certain temperatures to allow enzymes in the malt to break down

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4212-642: The four largest brewing companies ( Anheuser-Busch InBev , SABMiller , Heineken International , and Carlsberg Group ) controlled 50% of the market The biggest brewery in the world is the Belgian company Anheuser-Busch InBev . In the United States, there were 69,359 people employed in breweries in 2017. This is up from 27,805 in 2001. Some commonly used descriptions of breweries are: Contract brewing –When one brewery hires another brewery to produce its beer. The contracting brewer generally handles all of

4293-501: The front row. Nick Evans was in form playing at first five. Otago finished the round robin games in fourth place with six wins from nine games and had to play number one ranked Canterbury in the semi-final. Otago had defeated Canterbury in Dunedin 24–19 on October 1. More than 11,000 attended this game played in the afternoon at Carisbrook. In the 2005 NPC semi-finals (played on October 14), Otago again defeated Canterbury to win with

4374-443: The game, during a lineout, Anton Oliver was hit from behind and turned and threw a punch at Craig Dowd , knocking a few teeth out. Oliver received a one match suspension as a result. The game was played at a high pace and Josh Kronfeld , after being tackled, was taken from the field with a badly sprained ankle. David Latta was brought on as a replacement open side flanker. Tony Brown kicked an early penalty. Marc Ellis kicked

4455-590: The game. He says that "I could have re-set that scrum.'' He did not have the benefit of video replays or Television Match Officials (TMOs). The whistle from this game was auctioned off and fetched $ 2500. It now resides in the Mornington Tavern, Dunedin. Otago toured Great Britain in 1997 playing seven games. They won all the games defeating Cambridge University 47-23; London Irish 82-14; Scottish Development XV 44-19, England A 42-15, Bath 31-18 Northampton/Leicester 37-8 and Richmond 75-0. Otago had

4536-402: The game: "I was wide and left a gap for [Mark Carter] because I was going to slam him over the top of the ruck. But I slipped on the surface and let a try in, and that was a turning point. It was a hell of a game, and I remember Zinny dropping the ball with the line open too." Marc Ellis was very upset by the loss commenting that "We had a cool team, a lot of bloody good guys, and Gordy Hunter

4617-424: The match inside the Auckland 22. They were unable to turn this territorial advantage into points. Otago played Auckland in the semi-finals at Carisbrook losing 32–39. Josh Blackie scored two tries and Carl Hayman and Neil Brew each scoring one try in the semi-final loss for Otago. The Otago team, coached by Wayne Graham , had a strong forward pack in 2005 with Carl Hayman , Anton Oliver and Carl Hoeft in

4698-478: The posts. Jeff Wilson kicked 5 out of 6 goal kicks over for Otago to win 19–12. David Latta played one of his greatest games as captain with the Otago forward pack outplaying the much larger Springbok pack. The Springbok head, given to the first provincial team to beat the touring South Africans on each tour was presented by Springbok captain Tiaan Strauss to David Latta at the after-match function under

4779-595: The reformatted championship. 2011 was a significant year for Otago with the team playing its final season at Carisbrook before the mid-season relocation to the Forsyth Barr Stadium . Tony Brown returned toplay for the Razorbacks. Otago began the season defeating North Harbour 46–29 at Carisbrook. The following week Otago created history by defeating Auckland 32–25 at Eden Park. It was Otago's first win at Eden Park since 1976. Otago would play Southland in

4860-405: The regular season. Otago finished in 10th place. Otago finished 10th once again in 2009 with five wins from thirteen matches. 2010 saw a new adopted name as Otago would be known as "the Razorbacks". Otago won only two of thirteen matches and finished with the wooden spoon in last place. It was a difficult year for coach Phil Mooney and a co-coach and additional specialists were to be added to

4941-534: The responsibility of making beer to men. The oldest, still functional, brewery in the world is believed to be the German state-owned Weihenstephan brewery in the city of Freising , Bavaria . It can trace its history back to 1040 AD. The nearby Weltenburg Abbey brewery, can trace back its beer-brewing tradition to at least 1050 AD. The Žatec brewery in the Czech Republic claims it can prove that it paid

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5022-634: The same year, founder William Dawson died. In 1960, New Zealand Breweries rebranded to Lucky Beer in an attempt to simplify the range, however this change lasted only two months before the Speight's brand name was re-established in October of that year. In 1977, New Zealand Breweries was purchased by Lion . In 2001, production expanded to the Lion brewery in Newmarket , Auckland . Speight's Gold Medal Ale

5103-438: The season was against North Harbour at home with Otago winning 26–10. Marc Ellis , Paul Cooke and John Haggart all scored tries. Of the 1991 team, eleven of the regulars ended up playing more than 100 games for the province and the other eight played more than 50 games. The team had a great culture and Steve Hotton commented that "There were country guys, town guys and university students and we all got on really well". 1992

5184-500: The second half and Byron Kelleher one. Otago scored seven tries in their 49-20 victory. The 40,000 strong crowd cheered on the Otago team singing We are the Champions at one point. John Leslie , playing his last game for Otago was carried on the shoulders of his team mates at the end of the game. Jeff Wilson commented that holding the NPC trophy "was one of the most satisfying moments of my rugby life". Anton Oliver said of

5265-404: The semifinal with a solid 36–22 victory at Carisbrook. The final was against Auckland in Auckland. Unfortunately, it started badly and by halftime, Auckland was ahead 20–3. Otago came back in the second half to score two tries but by this stage it was all over. The final score being 27–18. Josh Kronfeld ended up going off with a smashed cheekbone. and Jason Chandler from Auckland was sent off as

5346-404: The spent grains, and sparging , in which extract that remains with the grains is rinsed off with hot water. Boiling the wort ensures its sterility, helping to prevent contamination with undesirable microbes. During the boil, hops are added, which contribute aroma and flavour compounds to the beer, especially their characteristic bitterness. Along with the heat of the boil, they cause proteins in

5427-640: The team: "I can't recall, before or since, having played with a pack that was regularly as efficient, skilled and ruthless all round. And our backs were also skilled and penetrative all year...crucially our reserves were talented, resolute and reliable". Josh Kronfeld said: I was just stoked by the result, stoked to see a successful end." Otago played in the round-robin stage of the 2001 National Provincial Championship defeating Northland 37–19 in Whangarei; Southland 53–20; losing to Counties-Manukau 14–11 away and Canterbury 62–19 at home before defeating Auckland in

5508-421: The tourists a record kicking". The Lions were expected to dominate the tight five but could not match the mobility of the Otago pack. Stu Forster commented that "We were given no chance, and we stuffed it right up them." Gordon Hunter (who also worked as a police detective) was asked a question by an English journalist in the post match press conference. He reached for his notebook and after flicking through

5589-456: The volume and variety of beer produced, ranging from small breweries to massive multinational conglomerates, like Molson Coors or Anheuser-Busch InBev , that produce hundreds of millions of barrels annually. There are organizations that assist the development of brewing, such as the Siebel Institute of Technology in the United States and the Institute of Brewing and Distilling in the UK. In 2012

5670-412: The whole fermentation cellar is cooled, conditioning must be done in separate tanks in a separate cellar. Some beers are conditioned only lightly, or not at all. An active yeast culture from an ongoing batch may be added to the next boil after a slight chilling in order to produce fresh and highly palatable beer in mass quantity. Filtering the beer stabilizes flavour and gives it a polished, shiny look. It

5751-524: The wings were John Timu who scored 16 tries (including two bags of four tries) and Noel Pilcher who scored 15 tries respectively that season for Otago. Otago played Wales and almost beat them 13–15 in a close match at Carisbrook in May 1988. They had a short tour to Australia, defeating the Australian Baabaas 32–16, ACT 50-3 and drawing with Sydney 11-11. Otago came 5th in the 1989 edition of

5832-512: The world between 2006 and 2010, brewing more than 200 different beers at other breweries. Breweries and football have had a symbiotic relationship since the very beginnings of the game. The English Football League was founded in 1888, and by the next decade several teams already had their own brewery sponsor. In return for their financial support, the breweries were given concessions to sell beer to spectators and advertise their products in stadiums. The most outwardly visible sign of sponsorship are

5913-400: The wort to coagulate and the pH of the wort to fall, and they inhibit the later growth of certain bacteria. Finally, the vapours produced during the boil volatilize off-flavours , including dimethyl sulfide precursors. The boil must be conducted so that it is even and intense. The boil lasts between 60 and 120 minutes, depending on its intensity, the hop addition schedule, and volume of wort

5994-618: The years since, most notably extensions in 1938 designed by Harry Mandeno . The most recent renovation was to provide earthquake strengthening in 2012–14. Regular guided tours of the building are run by the company for members of the public. Speight's label features three eight-pointed stars. These stars come from both the original provincial arms of Otago , and the fact that Speight's was awarded gold medals at brewery awards in three different countries in 1877. More recently, Speight's Southern man advertising campaign has been popular and long running. Speight's main marketing slogan, "Pride of

6075-416: Was a great bloke as coach. He knew his limitations, but he made us believe in ourselves. And we almost pulled off the unthinkable." Gordon Hunter lamented that "the final nail was a very cruel call. With both front rows standing, there is no way the penalty try should have gone through." Referee Colin Hawke admitted in 2020 that he probably should not have awarded the penalty try to Auckland that decided

6156-515: Was appointed the Otago coach in 1980 and coached the team for three years including against the 1981 South African team who Otago lost to 17–13 in a close game. During his coaching reign Otago played 52 games for 25 wins and 27 losses. Lee Smith was replaced by Laurie Mains as Otago coach for the 1983 season as the Otago team had narrowly avoided relegation from the first division in 1982 after coming in 10th place with 2 wins from 10 games. In 1983, Otago provided an improved performance coming 7th in

6237-466: Was at the centre of an April Fool's joke in 1998 when the Otago Daily Times reported that, just for that day, Speight's beer would flow, free of charge, from that tap. Speight's has a long-standing relationship with rugby union in the Otago and Southland regions. In 1977, the brewery began sponsoring the Dunedin club championship. The brewery currently has sponsorship arrangements with

6318-552: Was causing the Canterbury team problems at scrum time. Otago scored first just before halftime. Brendan Laney , playing his last game for Otago scored the only try for Otago. Otago lead at half time 16–6. In the second half, penalties kicked by Andrew Mehrtens and tries to Justin Marshall and Nathan Mauger took Canterbury to the full time score of 30–19. The 10,000 Otago supporters who travelled north to Christchurch to watch

6399-589: Was instrumental in the control of fermentation. The idea that yeast was a microorganism that worked on wort to produce beer led to the isolation of a single yeast cell by Emil Christian Hansen . Pure yeast cultures allow brewers to pick out yeasts for their fermentation characteristics, including flavor profiles and fermentation ability. Some breweries in Belgium, however, still rely on "spontaneous" fermentation for their beers (see lambic ). The development of hydrometers and thermometers changed brewing by allowing

6480-432: Was recognized as one of the greats as it won 15 games and only lost two games all season. They beat Scotland 19–15, Auckland 22-4 and went undefeated on their North Island tour. After the success of the 1975 team, a number of players left the team and performances slowly went downhill in the late 1970s. Otago came 7th in 1976; 9th in 1977; 9th in 1978 and 11th in 1979 in the national provincial championship. Lee Smith

6561-406: Was the year that playoffs were introduced into the National Provincial Championship. The Otago team, now coached by Gordon Hunter , reached the semi-final against North Harbour which was played at Carisbrook. At half time, Otago led 13-3 thanks to a Paul Cooke try, a John Timu drop goal and Greg Cooper's goal kicking prowess. In the second half, North Harbour pulled the score back to finish with

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