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32-551: Spingarn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Joel Elias Spingarn (1875-1939), American educator, literary critic and civic activist Arthur B. Spingarn (1878-1971), brother of Joel Elias Spingarn Stephen J. Spingarn (1908–1984), son of Joel, American politician during Truman administration See also [ edit ] Spingarn Medal , an annual award for outstanding achievement by an African American [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with

64-455: A Phi Beta Kappa Occasion" that followed a classical format of unrhymed blank verse in iambic pentameter with one classical reference per line. The first letters of each line of the resulting acrostic spelled out the message: "Nicholas Murray Butler is a horses [sic] ass". Upon discovering the "hidden" message, the irate editors ran a formal apology. Randolph Bourne lampooned Butler as "Alexander Macintosh Butcher" in "One of our Conquerors",

96-721: A co-educational experimental and developmental unit became Horace Mann School . From 1890 to 1891, Butler was a lecturer at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore . Throughout the 1890s, Butler served on the New Jersey Board of Education and helped form the College Entrance Examination Board . During the 1890s Butler edited The Great Educators book series for Charles Scribner's Sons . In 1901, Butler became acting president of Columbia University and, in 1902, formally became president. Among

128-404: A cura di Emanuele Cutinelli-Rendina, Istituto italiano per gli studi storici, Napoli, 2001). From 1904, his role in academic politics marked him as an independent spirit—too independent for the university's autocratic president Nicholas Murray Butler . His differences with the administration ranged from personality conflicts to educational philosophy. Things came to a head in 1910, when he offered

160-575: A lifelong friend of future Secretary of State Elihu Root . Through Root he also met Roosevelt and William Howard Taft . In the fall of 1885, Butler joined the staff of Columbia's philosophy department. In 1887, he co-founded with Grace Hoadley Dodge , and became president of, the New York School for the Training of Teachers, which later affiliated with Columbia University and was renamed Teachers College, Columbia University , and from which

192-743: A resolution at a university faculty meeting in support of Harry Thurston Peck , a Columbia professor who had been summarily dismissed by Butler because of a public scandal involving a breach-of-promise suit. That precipitated Spingarn's dismissal just five weeks later. He became part of a distinguished series of prominent academics who resigned or were dismissed during Butler's tenure as president, including George Edward Woodberry , Charles Beard , and James Harvey Robinson —all of them, like Peck and Spingarn, notable progressive scholars. Without an academic appointment but of independent means, Spingarn continued to publish in his field much as he had before, writing, editing, and contributing to collections of essays. He

224-506: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Joel Elias Spingarn Spingarn was born in New York City to an upper middle-class Jewish family. His younger brother was Arthur B. Spingarn . He graduated from Columbia College in 1895. He grew committed to the importance of the study of comparative literature as a discipline distinct from the study of English or any other language-based literary studies. Politics

256-590: The Kellogg-Briand pact " and for his work as the "leader of the more establishment-oriented part of the American peace movement". In December 1916, Butler, Roosevelt and other philanthropists, including Scottish-born industrialist John C. Moffat, William Astor Chanler , Joseph Choate , Clarence Mackay , George von Lengerke Meyer , and John Grier Hibben , purchased the Château de Chavaniac , birthplace of

288-753: The Marquis de Lafayette in Auvergne , to serve as a headquarters for the French Heroes Lafayette Memorial Fund, which was managed by Chanler's ex-wife, Beatrice Ashley Chanler. Butler was President of the Pilgrims Society , which promotes Anglo-American friendship. He served as President of the Pilgrims from 1928 to 1946. Butler was president of The American Academy of Arts and Letters from 1928 to 1941 and

320-412: The surname Spingarn . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spingarn&oldid=890145660 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

352-631: The German ambassador to the United States, to Columbia and refused to appear with a notable German dissident when the latter visited the university. Butler was criticized for his "remarkable silence" and complicity towards Hitler's regime until the late 1930s. From 1907 to 1912, Butler was the chair of the Lake Mohonk Conference on International Arbitration . Butler was also instrumental in persuading Andrew Carnegie to provide

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384-543: The Pulitzer board, found the novel offensive and persuaded the board to reverse its determination, so that no novel received the prize that year. During his lifetime, Columbia named its philosophy library for him; after he died, its main academic library, previously known as South Hall, was rechristened Butler Library . A faculty apartment building on 119th Street and Morningside Drive was also renamed in Butler's honor, as

416-655: The Renaissance in 1899 and 1908 as well as edited works like Critical Essays of the Seventeenth-Century in 3 volumes. He summarized his philosophy in The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910 . There he argued against the constraints of such traditional categories as genre, theme, and historical setting in favor of viewing each work of art afresh and on its own terms. Spingarn's criticism and aesthetical thought

448-590: The Troutbeck Inn and Conference Center in Amenia, New York . They had two sons, including Stephen J. Spingarn , and two daughters. He died after a long illness on July 26, 1939. His will included a bequest to fund the Spingarn Medal in perpetuity. Nicholas Murray Butler Nicholas Murray Butler (April 2, 1862 – December 7, 1947) was an American philosopher, diplomat, and educator. Butler

480-601: The country. He was active in the successful effort for Repeal Prohibition in 1933. He credited John W. Burgess along with Alexander Hamilton for providing the philosophical basis of his Republican principles. In June 1936, Butler traveled to the Carnegie Endowment Peace Conference in London where, at the meeting, fundamental problems of money and finance were explored. According to historian Stephen H. Norwood , Butler failed to "grasp

512-605: The electoral votes that Sherman would have received: the Republican ticket won only 8 electoral votes from Utah and Vermont , finishing third behind the Democrats and the Progressives . Butler tried to secure the 1916 Republican presidential nomination for Elihu Root . Butler also sought the nomination for himself in 1920 , without success. Butler believed that Prohibition was a mistake, with negative effects on

544-713: The freshman class at Columbia that totalitarian systems produced "men of far greater intelligence, far stronger character, and far more courage than the system of elections." In 1937, he was admitted as an honorary member of the New York Society of the Cincinnati . In 1941, the Pulitzer Prize fiction jury selected Ernest Hemingway 's For Whom the Bell Tolls . The Pulitzer Board initially agreed with that judgment, but Butler, ex officio head of

576-700: The initial $ 10 million funding for the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace . Butler became head of international education and communication, founded the European branch of the Endowment headquartered in Paris, and was President of the Endowment from 1925 to 1945. For his work in this field, he received the Nobel Peace Prize for 1931 (shared with Jane Addams ) "[For his promotion] of

608-414: The many dignitaries in attendance at his investiture was President Roosevelt . Butler was president of Columbia for 43 years, the longest tenure in the university's history, retiring in 1945. As president, Butler carried out a major expansion of the campus, adding many new buildings, schools, and departments. These additions included Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center , the first academic medical center in

640-571: The nature and implications of Nazism... influenced both by his antisemitism, privately expressed, and his economic conservatism and hostility to trade unionism." Butler was a longtime admirer of Benito Mussolini . He compared the Italian Fascist leader to Oliver Cromwell and, in the 1920s, he noted "the stupendous improvement which Fascism has brought". In November 1933, months after the Nazi book burnings began, he welcomed Hans Luther ,

672-530: The publication of the second volume of Across the Busy Years . Butler became almost completely blind in 1945 at age 83. He resigned from the posts he held and died two years later. He is interred at Cedar Lawn Cemetery , in Paterson, New Jersey . Butler was not universally liked. In 1939, a former student of Butler, Rolfe Humphries , published in the pages of Poetry an effort titled "Draft Ode for

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704-533: The world. In 1919, Butler amended the admissions process to Columbia in order to limit the number of Jewish students (it became the first American institution of higher learning to establish an anti-Jewish quota). Butler's policy was successful and the number of students hailing from New York City dropped from 54% to 23% stemming "the invasion of the Jewish student". This is one of the reasons why Butler has been called an anti-semite. In September 1931, Butler told

736-734: The years following 1920 he amassed the world's largest collection of clematis —250 species—and published the results of his research on the early history of landscape gardening and horticulture in Dutchess County, New York . He served as a member of the Board of Managers for the New York Botanical Garden . He lived with his wife, Amy Einstein Spingarn, in Manhattan and at their country estate which later became

768-462: Was a major prize in philosophy. A polemical attack on Butler's time at Columbia University appeared in The Goose-Step: A Study of American Education , by Upton Sinclair. Butler was a delegate to each Republican National Convention from 1888 to 1936; when Vice President James S. Sherman died six days before the 1912 United States presidential election , Butler was designated to receive

800-431: Was an early member of the academy. Butler married Susanna Edwards Schuyler (1863–1903) in 1887 and had one daughter from that marriage. Susanna was the daughter of Jacob Rutsen Schuyler (1816–1887) and Susannah Haigh Edwards (born 1830). His wife died in 1903 and he married again in 1907 to Kate La Montagne, granddaughter of New York property developer Thomas E. Davis . In 1940, Butler completed his autobiography with

832-643: Was born in Elizabeth, New Jersey, to Mary Butler and manufacturing worker Henry Butler. He enrolled in Columbia College (later Columbia University) and joined the Peithologian Society . He earned his bachelor of arts degree in 1882, his master's degree in 1883 and his doctorate in 1884. Butler's academic and other achievements led Theodore Roosevelt to call him "Nicholas Miraculous". In 1885, Butler studied in Paris and Berlin and became

864-571: Was commissioned in the U.S. Army and served as a major during World War I . In 1919 he was a co-founder of the publishing firm of Harcourt, Brace and Company . He also took up the other cause of his life, racial justice. An influential liberal Republican, he helped realize the concept of a unified black movement by joining the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) shortly after its founding and

896-536: Was deeply influenced by the Italian philosopher Benedetto Croce , with whom he was in correspondence since 1899. Croce had Spingarn's masterwork translated in Italian ( La critica letteraria nel Rinascimento. Saggio sulle origini dello spirito classico nella letteratura moderna , trad. di Antonio Fusco, pref. di B. Croce, Laterza, Bari 1905). Their correspondence was published in Naples in 2001 ( Carteggio Croce-Spingarn ,

928-701: Was established and about 1,000 Negro officers commissioned." Spingarn also served as an intelligence officer on the Military Intelligence Board (MIB), and provided information to the government about the NAACP's membership, which had been accused of having Communist influences. W. E. B. Du Bois (who had been unsuccessfully recommended by Spingarn for the MIB ) dedicated his 1940 autobiography Dusk of Dawn to Spingarn's memory, calling him "scholar and knight." Always interested in gardening , in

960-677: Was one of his lifetime passions. In 1908, as a Republican he ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives . In 1912 and 1916, he was a delegate to the national convention of the Progressive Party . At the first of those conventions, he failed in his attempts to add a statement condemning racial discrimination to the party platform. He served as professor of comparative literature at Columbia University from 1899 to 1911. His academic publishing established him as one of America's foremost comparativists. It included two editions of A History of Literary Criticism in

992-473: Was one of the first Jewish leaders of that organization, serving as chairman of its board from 1913 to 1919, its treasurer from 1919 to 1930, its second president from 1930 until his death in 1939. In 1914 he established the Spingarn Medal , awarded annually by the NAACP for outstanding achievement by an African American . During World War I, according to an NAACP publication, he was instrumental in seeing that "a training camp for Negro officers at Des Moines

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1024-443: Was president of Columbia University , president of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace , a recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize , and the late James S. Sherman 's replacement as William Howard Taft ’s running mate in the 1912 United States presidential election . The New York Times printed his Christmas greeting to the nation for many years during the 1920s and 1930s. Butler, great-grandson of Morgan John Rhys ,

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