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29-657: The Berlin-Karlsruher Industrie Werke (BERKA) was founded in 1920 as a successor to the Deutsche Waffen und Munitionsfabriken AG, one of Germany's largest munitions firms of the prewar era. Under the regime of the Versailles treaty the firm was forced to give up the manufacture of armaments, which had been its core business. Most of the facilities that had grown up to meet the needs of war were reduced and BERKA carried on with factories in Berlin and Karlsruhe, manufacturing

58-578: A combined force of Henry and Jaxa of Köpenick , and compelled to take refuge in south Germany. Henry died in 1139 and an arrangement was found. Henry's son, Henry the Lion , received the duchy of Saxony in 1142. In the same year, Albert renounced the Saxon duchy and received the counties of Weimar and Orlamünde . Once he was firmly established in the Northern March, Albert's covetous eye lay also on

87-647: A row from 1979 to 1992, and winner of the German cup twelve times and won the European Cup in 1982, 1985, 1986 and 1989. He is currently the president of the association (as of 2020). The team's home games do not take place in the district, but in the Sportzentrum Schöneberg . For 2027, the team plans to move to the then newly constructed arena in Spandau. In 1939, LSV Spandau won the title of

116-522: A small area on the Elbe called the Saxon Northern March , in 1128, Albert, disappointed at not receiving this fief himself, attacked Udo V, Count of Stade , the heir, and was consequently deprived of Lusatia by Lothar. Udo, however, was said to have been assassinated by servants of Albert on 15 March 1130 near Aschersleben . In spite of this, Albert went to Italy in 1132 in the train of

145-400: A variety of light metal goods. In 1928 the firm passed under the control of Günther Quandt who moved the company into the production of business machines, acquiring typewriter manufacturer Olympia Schreibmaschinen in 1929, and opening a new factory in 1933 at Erfurt to manufacture cash registers and other business machines. Under Herr Quandt's leadership further acquisitions followed. In 1938

174-551: Is the district council ( Bezirksverordnetenversammlung ). It has responsibility for passing laws and electing the city government, including the mayor. The most recent district council election was held on 26 September 2021, and the results were as follows: The district mayor ( Bezirksbürgermeister ) is elected by the Bezirksverordnetenversammlung, and positions in the district government (Bezirksamt) are apportioned based on party strength. Carola Brückner of

203-688: Is the westernmost of the 12 boroughs ( Bezirke ) of Berlin , situated at the confluence of the Havel and Spree rivers and extending along the western bank of the Havel . It is the smallest borough by population, but the fourth largest by land area. Modern industries in Spandau include metalworking, and chemical and electrical factories. BMW Motorrad 's Spandau factory made all BMW's motorcycles from 1969 until final assembly plants were added in Rayong , Thailand, in 2000, and Manaus , Brazil, in 2016. Rathaus Spandau , Spandau's seat of government,

232-539: The Berlin Airlift . Since 1995 the airfield has been the Gatow Museum of Military History . Outside Berlin, Spandau borders the districts ( Kreis ) of Oberhavel to the north, and Havelland to the west, and the city of Potsdam , Brandenburg , to the southwest. Within Berlin, it borders the boroughs of Steglitz-Zehlendorf to the south, Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf to the east, and Reinickendorf to

261-409: The Elbe . Around this same time, he minted a pfennig in memory of his deceased wife. In 1162 Albert accompanied Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to Italy, where he distinguished himself at the storming of Milan . In 1164 Albert joined a league of princes formed against Henry the Lion, and peace being made in 1169, Albert divided his territories among his six sons. He died on 18 November 1170, and

290-588: The German Army . In 1920, Spandau (whose name had been changed from Spandow in 1878) was incorporated into Greater Berlin as a borough. During World War II , Spandau was the location of a subcamp of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp , mostly for Polish and Hungarian women. After World War II, it was part of the British sector of West Berlin . Spandau Prison , which had been rebuilt in 1876,

319-644: The Thirty Years' War , Spandau was surrendered to the Swedes . In 1806, after the Battle of Jena and Auerstedt , French troops under Napoleon took possession of the city and stayed there until 1807. In 1812, Napoleon returned, and the Citadel was besieged the following year by Prussian and Russian troops. From 1849 the poet and revolutionary Gottfried Kinkel was an inmate of Spandau town prison, until he

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348-560: The Bear") took possession of the region. 1197 marked the first mention as Spandowe in a deed of Otto II, Margrave of Brandenburg – thus forty years earlier than the Cölln part of medieval Berlin. Spandau was given city rights in 1232. During Ascanian rule the construction of Spandau Citadel began, which was completed between 1559 and 1594 by Joachim II of Brandenburg . In 1558 the village of Gatow became part of Spandau. In 1634, during

377-699: The English New Romantic band Spandau Ballet again re-purposed the term for its name. The history of Spandau begins in the 7th century or 8th century, when the Slav Heveller first settled in the area and later built a fortress there. It was conquered in 928 by the German King Henry I , but returned to Slavic rule after the rebellion of 983. In 1156, the Ascanian Earl Albrecht von Ballenstedt ("Albrecht

406-531: The SPD was elected mayor on 4 November 2021. Since the 2021 municipal elections, the composition of the district government is as follows: The Wasserfreunde Spandau 04 have traditionally been an immensely powerful water polo team. They have been the most successful ball sports team in Europe with 85 national and international titles. Hagen Stamm , longtime captain of the team, was German champion fourteen times in

435-560: The Spandau complex; and from June 1942 to April 1945 at the Grottau , Czechoslovakia factory named Werk Grottau. WWII era weapons produced by Spreewerk include: The Waffenamt inspector at Spreewerk Grottau was assigned code WaA88. The Waffenamt stamp applied to Spreewerk produced P.38 pistols was an Eagle over 88 (e/88). Spreewerk produced P.38 pistols were marked with the "cyq" and "cvq" manufacturer's code. Spandau Spandau ( German: [ˈʃpandaʊ̯] )

464-590: The east; after Lothar became King of the Germans , he accompanied him on a disastrous expedition to Bohemia against the upstart, Soběslav I, Duke of Bohemia in 1126 at the Battle of Kulm , where he suffered a short imprisonment. Albert's entanglements in Saxony stemmed from his desire to expand his inherited estates there. After the death of his brother-in-law, Henry II, Margrave of the Nordmark , who controlled

493-450: The firm re-entered the field of munitions production, establishing Metallwarenfabrik Spreewerk to undertake the fabrication of munitions components at the former Berlin-Spandau factory of the defunct Deutsche Waffen und Munitionsfabriken. This was followed in 1939 by the establishment of a modern ammunition loading facility on a forty hectare site near the city of Lübeck by the newly established Maschinen für Massenverpackung GmbH. Early in 1940

522-637: The firm strengthened its role in the manufacture of industrial machinery through the acquisition of the Berlin-Anhaltische Maschinenbau of Dessau. The factories of the firm include: Subsidiaries of the firm include: Spreewerk was formed in September 1935 in Spandau Germany as a subsidiary of Deutschen Industrie-Werke A.G. (DIWAG). Spreewerk was involved in weapons production from its formation until April 1945 at

551-431: The first German basketball championship , which was won by a clear 47:16 victory over Bad Kreuznach . After 1945, the association was dissolved. Spandau is twinned with: Albert I of Brandenburg Albert the Bear ( German : Albrecht der Bär ; c. 1100 – 18 November 1170) was the first margrave of Brandenburg from 1157 to his death and was briefly duke of Saxony between 1138 and 1142. Albert

580-642: The founder of the Margraviate of Brandenburg in 1157, which his heirs — the House of Ascania — held until the line died out in 1320. In 1158 a feud with Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony, was interrupted by a pilgrimage to the Holy Land . On his return in 1160, he, with the consent of his sons, Siegfried not being mentioned, donated land to the Knights of Saint John in memory of his wife, Sofia, at Werben on

609-570: The king, and his services there were rewarded in 1134 by the investiture of the Northern March, which was again without a ruler. In 1138 Conrad III , the Hohenstaufen King of the Germans, deprived Albert's cousin and nemesis, Henry the Proud , of his Saxon duchy , which was awarded to Albert if he could take it. After some initial success in his efforts to take possession, Albert was driven from Saxony, and also from his Northern March by

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638-679: The last of the Wendish princes of Brandenburg, Pribislav-Henry of the Hevelli , Albert secured this district when the prince died in 1150. Taking the title "Margrave in Brandenburg", he pressed the crusade against the Wends, extended the area of his mark, encouraged Dutch and German settlement in the Elbe-Havel region ( Ostsiedlung ), established bishoprics under his protection, and so became

667-414: The northeast. Its land area of 91.91 km (35.49 sq mi) is the fourth-largest of the twelve boroughs. Spandau Borough is divided into nine quarters ( Ortsteile ) : As of 2010, Spandau had a population of 223,962, the smallest of the twelve boroughs of Berlin. 62,000 of those were migrants or other non-ethnic Germans, comprising 27% of Spandau's population. The governing body of Spandau

696-607: The thinly populated lands to the north and east. For three years he was occupied in campaigns against the Slavic Wends , who as pagans were considered fair game, and whose subjugation to Christianity was the aim of the Wendish Crusade of 1147 in which Albert took part. Albert was a part of the army that besieged Demmin , and at the end of the war, recovered Havelberg , which had been lost since 983. Diplomatic measures were more successful, and by an arrangement made with

725-571: Was built in 1913. Other landmarks include the Renaissance-era Spandau Citadel , the 1848 St. Marien am Behnitz Catholic church designed by August Soller , and Spandau arsenal . That arsenal's Spandau machine gun inspired the slang Spandau Ballet to describe dying soldiers on barbed wire during the First World War , and later was applied to the appearance of Nazi war criminals at Spandau Prison . In 1979,

754-453: Was buried at Ballenstedt . Albert's personal qualities won for him the cognomen of the Bear, "not from his looks or qualities, for he was a tall handsome man, but from the cognisance on his shield, an able man, had a quick eye as well as a strong hand, and could pick what way was straightest among crooked things, was the shining figure and the great man of the North in his day, got much in

783-476: Was freed by his friend Carl Schurz in the night of 6 November 1850. Before World War I , Spandau was a seat of large government cannon foundries , factories for making gunpowder and other munitions of war, making it a centre of the arms industry in the German Empire . It was also a garrison town with numerous barracks , home of the 5th Guard Infantry Brigade and the 5th Guard Foot Regiment of

812-426: Was the only son of Otto, Count of Ballenstedt , and Eilika , daughter of Magnus Billung , Duke of Saxony . He inherited his father's valuable estates in northern Saxony in 1123, and on his mother's death, in 1142, succeeded to one-half of the lands of the house of Billung . Albert was a loyal vassal of his relation, Lothar I, Duke of Saxony , from whom, about 1123, he received the Margraviate of Lusatia , to

841-585: Was used to house Nazi war criminals given custodial sentences at the Nuremberg Trials . After the death of Spandau Prison's last inmate, Rudolf Hess , in 1987, it was completely demolished by the Allied powers and later replaced by a shopping mall . Gatow airfield , in the south of the district, was used by the Royal Air Force during the post-war Allied occupation, most notably during

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