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29-555: Java's longest river, the Bengawan Solo River , flows through the fertile rice fields in the region. The archaeological excavation and UNESCO World Heritage Site Sangiran is located in Sragen. Sragen Regency comprises twenty districts ( kecamatan ), tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census and the 2020 Census, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023. The table also includes

58-474: A tropical monsoon climate (Am) with moderate to little rainfall from June to September and heavy rainfall from October to May. 7°24′46″S 110°56′06″E  /  7.4128°S 110.9350°E  / -7.4128; 110.9350 This Central Java location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Bengawan Solo River The Solo River (known in Indonesian as

87-402: A Boeing 737-500 (PK-CLC) operating as Sriwijaya Air Flight 182 , crashed, near Laki Island, shortly after taking off from Soekarno–Hatta International Airport , en route to Supadio International Airport , with 50 passengers and 12 crew members aboard. The southern section of the seafloor has long been recognized as geologically similar to northern Java, where oil fields occur and extend under

116-703: A line from the Southwestern extreme of Celebes ( 5°37′S 119°27′E  /  5.617°S 119.450°E  / -5.617; 119.450 ), through the Southern point of Tana Keke, to the Southern extreme of Laoet ( 4°06′S 116°06′E  /  4.100°S 116.100°E  / -4.100; 116.100 ) thence up the West coast of that island to Tanjong Kiwi and thence across to Tanjong Petang, Borneo ( 3°37′S 115°57′E  /  3.617°S 115.950°E  / -3.617; 115.950 ) at

145-415: A mean depth of 46 m (151 ft). It measures about 1,600 km (990 mi) east-west by 380 km (240 mi) north-south and occupies a total surface area of 320,000 km (120,000 sq mi). It formed as sea levels rose at the end of the last ice age . Its almost uniformly flat bottom, and the presence of drainage channels (traceable to the mouths of island rivers), indicate that

174-412: A sub-district of Lamongan , Indonesia. It was built in 1983–1987 and has a 6.6-hectare (16-acre) surface area and is about 29 meters in depth. The main use of the dam is for irrigation and community water needs, especially in the dry season, but many tourists come there for relaxing and fishing now. There is a camp site , pedalos and a small zoo . The manager of the dam is committed to implementing

203-552: Is an extensive shallow sea on the Sunda Shelf , between the Indonesian islands of Borneo to the north, Java to the south, Sumatra to the west, and Sulawesi to the east. Karimata Strait to its northwest links it to the South China Sea . It is a part of the western Pacific Ocean . The Java Sea covers the southern section of the 1,790,000 km (690,000 sq mi) Sunda Shelf . A shallow sea, it has

232-823: Is mostly flat land. Bengawan Solo's delta is located near the town of Sidayu in the Gresik Regency. The present delta is redirected by a human-made canal . The original delta flowed into the Madura Strait , but in 1890 a 12-km canal was made by the Dutch East Indies authority to redirect the Solo River into the Java Sea . This was done to prevent sedimentation of mud from filling the Madura Strait and thereby preventing sea access to

261-678: The Bengawan Solo , with Bengawan being an Old Javanese word for river , and Solo derived from the old name for Surakarta ) is the longest river in the Indonesian island of Java . It is approximately 600 km (370 mi) in length. Apart from its importance as a watercourse to the inhabitants and farmlands of the eastern and northern parts of the island, it is a renowned region in paleoanthropology circles. Many discoveries of early hominid remains (dating from 100,00 to 1.5 million years ago) have been made at several sites in its valleys, especially at Sangiran , including that of

290-627: The Ngawi Regency and Ngawi (town) . After Ngawi the river turns northward again, forming the boundary between Blora Regency of Central Java and Bojonegoro regency of East Java. From the town of Cepu in Blora, the river turns eastward and passes through Bojonegoro Regency's capital city. From there, it continues eastward through the Lamongan and Gresik Regencies . The last part of the river's basin (roughly starting from Bojonegoro regency)

319-680: The South China Sea [Lucipara Point ( 3°14′S 106°05′E  /  3.233°S 106.083°E  / -3.233; 106.083 ) thence to Tanjong Nanka, the Southwest extremity of Bangka Island , through this island to Tanjong Berikat the Eastern point ( 2°34′S 106°51′E  /  2.567°S 106.850°E  / -2.567; 106.850 ), on to Tanjong Djemang ( 2°36′S 107°37′E  /  2.600°S 107.617°E  / -2.600; 107.617 ) in Billiton , along

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348-510: The North coast of this island to Tanjong Boeroeng Mandi ( 2°46′S 108°16′E  /  2.767°S 108.267°E  / -2.767; 108.267 ) and thence a line to Tanjong Sambar ( 3°00′S 110°19′E  /  3.000°S 110.317°E  / -3.000; 110.317 ) the Southwest extreme of Borneo ], the South coast of Borneo and the Southern limit of Makassar Strait [By

377-578: The Northeast extreme of Java and down the East coast to Tg Bantenan, the Southeast extreme of the island], the North and West coasts of Java to Java Hoofd ( 6°46′S 105°12′E  /  6.767°S 105.200°E  / -6.767; 105.200 ) its Western point, and thence a line to Vlakke Hoek ( 5°55′S 104°35′E  /  5.917°S 104.583°E  / -5.917; 104.583 )

406-714: The Southern end of Laoet Strait]. On the East. By the Western limit of Flores Sea [A line from Tg Sarokaja ( 8°22′S 117°10′E  /  8.367°S 117.167°E  / -8.367; 117.167 ) to the Western Paternoster island ( 7°26′S 117°08′E  /  7.433°S 117.133°E  / -7.433; 117.133 ) thence to the Northeastern Postiljon Island ( 6°33′S 118°49′E  /  6.550°S 118.817°E  / -6.550; 118.817 ) and to

435-462: The Southern extreme of Sumatra . On the West. The East coast of Sumatra between Vlakke Hoek and Lucipara Point ( 3°14′S 106°05′E  /  3.233°S 106.083°E  / -3.233; 106.083 ). The Battle of the Java Sea from February to March 1942, was one of the costliest naval battles of World War II . The naval forces of the Netherlands, Britain, Australia, and

464-546: The Sunda Shelf was once a stable, dry, low-relief land area ( peneplain ) above which were left standing a few monadnocks (granite hills that, due to their resistance to erosion, form the present islands). The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) defines the Java Sea as one of the waters of the East Indian Archipelago , with the following criteria: On the North. By the Southern limit of

493-723: The United States were nearly destroyed trying to defend Java from Japanese attack. On 28 December 2014, Indonesia AirAsia Flight 8501 crashed into the Java Sea while on route to Singapore from Surabaya , East Java. All 162 passengers and crew were killed. On 29 October 2018, Lion Air Flight 610 crashed into the Java Sea shortly after takeoff from Soekarno–Hatta International Airport in Jakarta heading towards Depati Amir Airport in Pangkal Pinang . All 189 passengers and crew on board are dead. On 9 January 2021,

522-592: The West point of Laikang Bay, Celebes]. On the South. By the Northern and Northwestern limits of Bali Sea [A line from the Western Paternoster Island to the East point of Sepandjang and thence through this island to the West point of Gedeh Bay on the South coast of Kangean ( 7°01′S 115°18′E  /  7.017°S 115.300°E  / -7.017; 115.300 ). A line from the West point of Gedeh Bay, Kangean Island, to Tg Sedano,

551-584: The first early human fossil found outside of Europe, the so-called " Java Man " skull, discovered in 1891. The Bengawan Solo was the crash site of Garuda Indonesia Flight 421 . Solo River was part of a massive river system that once existed in Sundaland . This drainage of the river system consisted of a major river in present-day Sumatra and Borneo , such as the Asahan River, Musi River and Kapuas River . The river system disappeared when Sundaland

580-477: The first specimens of early hominid remains to be found outside of Africa or Europe. It passes through the major city of Surakarta (called Solo by the local inhabitants). An important early tributary to the Solo River is the Dengkeng River, which has its source on Mount Merapi . After passing through Solo, the river flows northward around Mount LawuRegency and then turns eastward into East Java in

609-400: The important port city of Surabaya . The Solo River Delta has a huge mud sedimentation flow that deposits 17 million tonnes of mud per year. This sedimentation in the delta forms a cape, which has an average longitudinal growth of 70 m per year. This delta is known as Ujung Pangkah (Pangkah Cape). Brantas River Public Corporation or Perum Jasa Tirta I (PJT1) is responsible for managing

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638-454: The locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 196 rural desa and 12 urban kelurahan ), and its post code. Notes: (a) including 2 kelurahan (Kroyo and Plumbungan). (b) comprising 6 kelurahan (Karang Tengah, Nglorog, Sine, Sragen Kulon, Sragen Tengah and Sragen Wetan) and 2 desa . (c) including 4 kelurahan (Gemolong, Kragilan. Kwangen and Ngembat Padas). Sragen has

667-606: The port of Surabaya. The Dutch colonial government decided to divert the river flow away from the shipping lane into the Java Sea . They built a canal in the river's delta in the 1890s which still alters the river to this day. In 1891, Dutch paleoanthropologist Eugène Dubois discovered remains (a part of a skull and human-like femur bone and tooth ) he described as "a species in between humans and apes". He called his finds Pithecanthropus erectus ("ape-human that stands upright") or Java Man . Today, they are classified as Homo erectus ("human that stands upright"). These were

696-565: The ports to be sold. This rice is Java's main commodity that was traded as part of the Spice trade . Following the acquisition of much of Java by the Dutch colonial government, various cash crops were introduced to be planted across the river basin, such as coffee , sugar , and cotton . (see Cultivation System ). By the last years of the 19th century, river sedimentation in its original delta in Madura Strait started to disrupt vessel traffic in

725-562: The programs of Sapta Pesona (Seven Charms). Another dam known as the Gondang Dam near Karanganyar , Central Java , began construction in 2014 with a budget of Rp 636 billion and was constructed to increase the local water supply and add recreational opportunities. The site size was estimated to be 88.25 hectares and was planned to hold a total volume of 10 million cubic meters. The dam was completed in 2019 but not expected to be fully filled until 2020, and durian trees were grown near

754-458: The sea. Prospects are also favorable for oil fields in the waters off southeast Kalimantan . As the site of successful exploration for petroleum and natural gas, the Java Sea has become the basis of Indonesia's export program. Fishing is an important economic activity in the Java Sea. Over 3,000 species of marine life are found in the area. A number of national parks exist in the area such as Karimunjawa . The Thousand Islands are located north of

783-437: The site to attract tourists. In 2023, the dam's community team held a durian festival at the site. " Bengawan Solo ", a song composed by Gesang Martohartono in 1940, poetically describes the river and has become famous across Asia. 6°47′S 112°33′E  /  6.783°S 112.550°E  / -6.783; 112.550 Java Sea The Java Sea ( Indonesian : Laut Jawa , Javanese : Segara Jawa )

812-785: The water resources of the Brantas and Bengawan Solo river basins in Indonesia. It is a centralised effort to: Before the centralised management efforts, there were reports of pollution along the Bengawan Solo. The river has several dams and modifications. The Gondang Dam, East Java , is located on the Kali Gondang River, a sub-basin of the Bengawan Solo River , at the village of Gondang Lor, in Sugio,

841-495: Was submerged after sea level rise following the last Ice Age. The river played an important part in Javanese history. Its drainage basin is an important agricultural area, dominated by rice farming. The river transported fertile volcanic soil downstream, replenishing the soil. It also provided a link between Javanese port cities on the northern coast and the rice-growing hinterlands, with shallow vessels transporting rice to

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